tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-12179697349727249112024-03-11T10:17:29.139+01:00Historia de AragónAragón, Arago, Aragó, Aragona, Aragonum, corona Darago, aragonés, aragoneses, fueros, aragonesa, textos antiguos de la corona de AragónRamón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comBlogger2174125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1217969734972724911.post-10236464502615740482023-10-22T20:18:00.001+02:002023-10-22T20:18:17.049+02:00¿Què vol Hitler? ¿Qué quiere Hitler?<p><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">¿Què vol Hitler? </span><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large; text-align: center;">¿</span><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">Qué quiere Hitler?</span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif"><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/que-vol-hitler-que-quiere-hitler.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><img alt="Karl Cerff, Catalunya, Nazi, catanazis" border="0" data-original-height="128" data-original-width="625" height="130" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgO6e31Dl7nqiVnlJfaESy4nlhkBGfDqUO5Udy5nyVD812XkG86MgKQUU49DW8y9ENEtSmsx5oacnCZC-V1PZcyrb6uxxSzEElJ1pYpodBaK0C3PCPh0Gewv9Z567RTGUsPHFLY9Z9cSJCz/s640/barcelona-nazis-partido-partit.jpg" style="text-align: center;" title="Karl Cerff, Catalunya, Nazi, catanazis" width="640" /></a><br />El estrecho vínculo entre el nazismo y el nacionalismo catalán Es bien sabido, gracias entre otros a los estudios publicados por <b><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pooUJUw_XmE" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Francisco Caja</a></b> o <b><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oXeh7sOwmoc" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Jesús Laínz</a></b>, que el <b>nacionalismo catalán</b>, así como sus múltiples facetas –desde el federalismo hasta el independentismo, pasando por el odio a España o la imposición lingüística–, hunde sus raíces en la concepción racial que sus ideólogos –Almirall, Gener, <a href="http://ramonguimera.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Guimerà</a>, Prat de la Riba, Cambó, etc.– exportaron de Alemania a través de Francia.<br /><br />No es menos desconocido que, junto a la idea de que los españoles se diferencian de los <b>catalanes</b> por su <b>impura sangre judía</b>, <u>árabe </u>o <u>africana</u>, el <b>nacionalismo catalán</b> también hizo uso de uno de los baluartes del imperialismo nacionalista alemán: la <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gro%C3%9Fdeutschland" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Großdeutschland</a> o <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gro%C3%9Fdeutschland" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Gran Alemania</a>.<br /><br /><img border="0" data-original-height="350" data-original-width="174" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhE5nCXU1gXXFs-OLiqVWYee937Y83_cNHc_EYak2Djjxcek0EodTEK-G2nQS95bFXBN2PAXJaXg6G0KXOb_jkdIsXD5xULXC4hnpoiL20CxRIfPQHP5uEDD55HSPUEkCR-p3B2ULd1nY_e/s400/nazis-catalunya-partit.jpg" style="text-align: center;" width="198" /><br /><br />Ya en 1899 el historiador barcelonés <a href="http://webs.racocatala.cat/eltalp/pancat.htm" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Joan Pijoan</a> publicaba su famoso “<a href="http://webs.racocatala.cat/eltalp/pancat.htm" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Pancatalanisme</a>” (<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Renaixensa" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">La Renaixensa</a>, XXIX/7896, 16/8/1899, pp. 5133-5136), en donde se reclamaba una “<b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalan_Countries" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Greater Catalonia</a></b>” (la expresión es de <b><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enric_Prat_de_la_Riba" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Riba</a></b>) que ocupase todos los territorios racial y <a href="http://xarxes.wordpress.com/sorolleta-lo-catanazi" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">lingüísticamente</a> <b>catalanes</b>. También por esas fechas <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joaqu%C3%ADn_Casas_Carb%C3%B3" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Joaquim Casas i Carbó</a> publicaba en <b><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catal%C3%B2nia" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Catalònia</a> </b>(I/5, 25/4/1898, pp. 77-79) un breve ensayo en el que hablaba de <a href="http://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/search?q=Barchinona" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Barcelona</a> como la futura reina del <a href="http://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/search?q=Mediterr%C3%A1neo" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Mediterráneo</a>, irradiando todo el planeta con su cultura y su civilización, mientras <a href="https://www.biografiasyvidas.com/biografia/g/guimera.htm" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Angel Guimerà</a>, el poeta <b>canario </b>convertido en adalid del <b>catalanismo</b>, afirmaba que <b>Cataluña </b>se extendía hasta “donde se habla la <b><a href="https://www.ecured.cu/Idioma_alem%C3%A1n" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">lengua alemana</a></b>” (“En <a href="https://archive.org/stream/bub_gb_XbOqXJZkR9IC/#page/n7/mode/2up" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">lloansa d’en Joan Fastenrath</a> per son llibre “<b><a href="https://archive.org/details/catalanischetrou00fastuoft/page/iii" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Catalanische Troubadoure</a></b>””, 18/5/1890). El mismo <b>Prat de la Riba</b> llegó a decir, refiriéndose también a <b>España</b>, que “[l]os pueblos <b>bárbaros</b>, o los que van en sentido contrario a la <u>civilización</u>, deben ser <b>sometidos </b>por las buenas o por la <b>fuerza </b>en la dirección y el poder de las <b>naciones </b><u>civilizadas</u>. Las potencias <b>cultas </b>tienen el deber de <b>expansionarse</b> sobre las poblaciones <b>atrasadas</b>” (<u>La nacionalitat catalana</u>, <i>naciò catalana ?</i> 1906, pp. 117 ss.). Este <b><a href="http://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=pa%C3%ADsos" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">afán expansionista catalán</a></b> provocará dislates casi dantescos, como el de <b><a href="https://orlandailiteraris.wordpress.com/2015/05/12/incerta-gloria-i-la-guerra-dels-pares-220415/sales/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Enric Usall</a></b>, estudiante de derecho y compadre de <b><a href="https://orlandailiteraris.wordpress.com/2015/05/12/incerta-gloria-i-la-guerra-dels-pares-220415/sales/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Joan Sales</a></b>, quien además de defender como aquél la <b>catalanidad </b>de <u>Murcia</u>, afirmaba que había que <b>imponer el catalán</b> “<u>a golpes de sable</u>”, para que “[u]na vez <b>catalanizado </b>este <b>planeta</b> nos lanzaremos a la <b>conquista</b> de otros; llegará el día en que ninguno de ellos podrá ir por el <b>espacio</b> si no lleva en su espalda las <b><a href="http://historia-aragonesa.blogspot.com/search?q=escut" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">barras de Aragón</a></b>” (<a href="http://www.lletres.net/sales/cmt/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Joan Sales, Cartes a Màrius Torres</a>, 1976, pp. 65-66). La seducción del <b><a href="http://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=nacionalsocialismo" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">nacionalsocialismo</a> alemán</b> encontró su punto de máxima efervescencia con la creación del <b><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%ADrculo_Espa%C3%B1ol_de_Amigos_de_Europa" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Círculo Español De Amigos De Europa</a></b> o <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%ADrculo_Espa%C3%B1ol_de_Amigos_de_Europa" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">CEDADE</a>, un grupo <b>neonazi</b> fundado en <b>Barcelona</b> en 1966 que, en un principio, nada tenía que ver con el <b>catalanismo </b>[1]. No obstante, las fecundas condiciones alimenticias que <b>Cataluña</b> y <b>Galicia</b> ofrecían al pensamiento <b><a href="http://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=fascista" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">fascista</a></b> permitieron a CEDADE la creación de dos partidos <b>nacionalistas</b> <u>no independentistas</u> –el <b>separatismo</b> era considerado por ellos parte de una <b>conspiración judía</b> mundial–: el <a href="https://ddd.uab.cat/search?sc=1&p=Partit+Nacionalsocialista+Catal%C3%A0&ln=es&f=author" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Partit Nacional Socialista Català</a> (<a href="http://hispanismo.org/catalunya/24744-partit-nacionalsocialista-catala-cedade.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">PNSC</a>) y el <b><a href="https://www.vice.com/es/article/nngdkx/nazis-gallegos-movimiento-resistencia-aria-1003" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Partido Nacional Socialista Gallego</a></b> (<a href="https://www.vice.com/es/article/nngdkx/nazis-gallegos-movimiento-resistencia-aria-1003" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">PNSG</a>). Fueron ellos quienes, la noche del 30 de enero de 1978, como conmemoración del 45º aniversario de la ascensión de <b><a href="http://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=Hitler" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Hitler</a> </b>al poder, pintaron <b>cruces gamadas</b> sobre las seis caras del <b>monumento de la Victoria</b>, el distinguido <b>obelisco </b>situado en el cruce de <u>Avenida Diagonal y Paseo de Gracia</u>. Se trata del <b>acto fundacional</b> del <b>Partido</b>, al que seguirá, la noche del 30 de abril, la <i>coronación</i> de una <b>bandera nazi</b> de <u>7 metros de ancho por 5 de alto</u> en el <b>Arco del Triunfo</b> de la <b><a href="http://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=Barchinona" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">ciudad condal</a></b>, como conmemoración del 34º aniversario de la <b>muerte de Hitler</b>. Todo ello acompañado, en los años siguientes, por hojas volantes y adhesivos alabando el <u>régimen </u><b>hitleriano </b>bajo el lema de “<b>Catalunya desperta</b>” (imitando con ella el lema <b>nacionalsocialista</b> de “<b><a href="https://archive.org/details/youtube-G1h3bqfMN5U" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Deutschland erwache</a></b>”). Las simpatías <b>raciales</b> no acabaron con CEDADE, como bien demuestra el segundo y último número de <b>Quaderns del separatisme</b>, un pequeño folleto editado por <b>Nosaltres sols</b>! en 1981 bajo el título “<u>Fonaments cientifics dels racisme</u>.” (8 págs.), o las más recientes declaraciones de <a href="https://www.lavanguardia.com/magazine/20120224/54258645650/artur-mas-generalitat-psoe-pp-cataluna.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Artur Mas</a> sobre el <a href="https://www.lavanguardia.com/magazine/20120224/54258645650/artur-mas-generalitat-psoe-pp-cataluna.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">ADN germánico</a> presente en el pueblo <b>catalán</b>.<br /><br /><img alt="catanazis, CEDADE, HItler, nazi, nazismo, nacionalsocialismo" border="0" data-original-height="201" data-original-width="879" height="144" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjGXnkJilPsNpuw3jktuoRn9NgN8dFvoxNzE9H_R00VebbmGbZw5LYw1Pi0tOfGsJ5jBpptIx3eJE6DTWE2KRQFCcYq_c2D08GEU53qS94PMvu9k3uxu_9uZVUenuY1F3Y60C1Fe3xQeFO0/s640/catanazis.jpg" title="catanazis, CEDADE, HItler, nazi, nazismo, nacionalsocialismo" width="640" /><br /><br />De izquierda a derecha: Adhesivo conmemorativo con la fotografía que apareció en la portada de CEDADE (XII/81, junio de 1978). Póster y adhesivo del PNSC con <u><a href="http://lafranja.net/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">propaganda</a></u> <b>nazi</b>. El artículo que hoy presentamos corresponde a una entrevista publicada originalmente en <b>La nació catalana</b> el 26 de septiembre de <b>1932</b>. Ésta había sido recogida anteriormente por el periódico digital <a href="https://hemeroteca.vozlibre.com/noticias/ampliar/77529/la-voz-libre-censurada-y-bloqueada-por-reproducir-las-portadas-de-interviu" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">La Voz Libre</a> (21 de junio de 2009), así como por varias <u><a href="https://hemeroteca.vozlibre.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">publicaciones críticas</a></u> con el <b>nacionalismo catalán</b>, pero debido a un error en la datación (17 de octubre de <i>1933</i>) no había podido ser localizada. Gracias a la erudita investigación de <b>Jesús Laínz</b> en su <a href="http://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">libro</a> <a href="http://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">España contra Cataluña</a>. <a href="http://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Historia de un fraude</a> (Madrid, 2014), el texto ha podido ser finalmente identificado.<br /><br /><img alt="¿Què vol Hitler? ¿Qué quiere Hitler?" border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="484" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj632GWDd0QT3BUCB71AbHwcfE98kLt4MyS1hVxcaO5tzuWofV8Vk599DkxPfEwjFzZTGrY3-XRmrZRiT6uL19_id_LLOa3JnvC6iDaRL04X8pm2dXecbMp6wQLRrNeorUGTGCk3tUSrkrA/s1600/que-vol-hitler-gran-grande.jpg" style="text-align: center;" title="¿Què vol Hitler? ¿Qué quiere Hitler?" /><br /><br />Hemos podido celebrar una entrevista con el Dr. <b>Karl Cerff</b>, de <b>Karlsruhe</b>, delegado del <a href="http://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=nazi" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Partido <b>Na</b>cional So<b>ci</b>alista Alemán</a>, que ha tenido la amabilidad de contestarnos a algunas preguntas que le hemos hecho sobre el programa de <b>Hitler </b>y su Partido. El conocimiento de dicho programa ofrece puntos muy interesantes, para los estadistas de todos los países del mundo, porque los problemas que hoy preocupan a la humanidad son, más o menos, iguales en todas partes. -¿Cuáles son los motivos de su viaje? -He venido a <b>España</b> por viaje de estudios y al mismo tiempo para hacer <u>propaganda </u>de nuestro <b>Partido Nacional Socialista </b>entre los elementos compatriotas que se han unido bajo las normas de las ideas de <b>Hitler</b>.<br />-¿Qué aspecto ofrece <b>Alemania </b>en estos momentos?<br />-Al que ha visto mi país antes de la <b>guerra</b> y al que lo ve ahora le sobreviene una gran tristeza por la miseria que se observa en todas partes. Los siete millones sin trabajo son la causa del malestar de mi país. Muchas industrias y una infinidad de pueblecitos [sic!] cierran sus puertas por no poder pagar la exagerada contribución; lugares florecientes donde antes se observaba una gran intensidad de trabajo, hoy hay la paz silenciosa de un Cementerio; hasta tal punto es así que popularmente existen las palabras “Cementerio de la industria y Cementerio de los puertos”. La posibilidad de compra del <u>pueblo </u><b>alemán</b>, hoy, es tan mínima que el que gasta en las grandes ciudades es únicamente el turista y el banquero, en general, todos de <b>raza judía</b>, que explotan al <b>pueblo alemán</b> de una manera bárbara, dejando <b><a href="https://www.lavanguardia.com/historiayvida/historia-contemporanea/20170906/47311202383/el-capital-de-karl-marx-en-7-puntos.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">capital</a></b> a un <b>interés</b> ilegal. El hogar familiar, antes ideal, está abandonado a causa de la <b>necesidad de trabajar de la madre y de la mujer</b> en lugares públicos para ayudar al mantenimiento de la vida, triste y cara. Comprenderá que no es éste el ideal que nosotros deseamos para la vida de nuestro pueblo.<br />-¿Qué consecuencias tendrán las últimas elecciones, al no haber llegado el <b>partido N.S</b>. a la mayoría absoluta?<br />-Así es, <u>no tenemos mayoría absoluta</u>; pero desde ahora no será posible un <b>Gobierno </b>sin los <b>Hitlerianos</b>. Nosotros reclamamos ya los siguientes puestos: <b>Reichskanzler</b> (<u>Presidente del Consejo de Ministros</u>), <b>Ministerio del Interior</b> y <b>Ministerio del Trabajo</b>. Una <u>coalición </u>con los otros <u>partidos </u>será <u>imposible</u>, si estos no reconocen los derechos políticos fundamentales del <b>Partido Hitleriano</b>. Por el momento, es esto lo que mueve la vida interna alemana.<br />-Si <u>Hitler </u>llega al Gobierno, ¿pondrá en práctica todo su programa?<br />-Nuestro pensamiento político fundamental es de sobras conocido y, por tanto, no será posible desarrollarlo en un día, puesto que nuestro programa contiene transcendencias tan grandes sobre la vida política interna y externa de mi <b>Patria</b>, que su aplicación necesitará bastante tiempo, al igual que se han necesitado diez años de dura lucha y sacrificios para la formación de nuestro <b>gran Partido N.S.</b> Con dos palabras señalaré el camino a seguir: <b>Nacionalizar </b>nuestro pueblo y <b>Socializar </b>la vida pública. Nuestro <b>Nacionalismo </b><u>no </u>se entiende como el <b>querer ser los amos del mundo</b>; nuestro <b>Nacionalismo </b>quiere representar la unión de nuestra <b>raza </b>y la libertad integral de un pueblo trabajador, sano y de unas miras de elevado idealismo. Nuestro <b>Socialismo </b><u>no </u>quiere representar el <b><a href="https://www.lavanguardia.com/historiayvida/historia-contemporanea/20170906/47311202383/el-capital-de-karl-marx-en-7-puntos.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Socialismo Marxista</a></b>, ya que este <b>Socialismo</b> sería la negación del <b>Nacionalismo</b>; <a href="https://www.lavanguardia.com/historiayvida/historia-contemporanea/20170906/47311202383/el-capital-de-karl-marx-en-7-puntos.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Marx y Engels</a> <b>no son sangre de nuestra sangre</b>: son <b>judíos </b>internacionales que no pueden favorecer <b>Nación </b>alguna, y no pueden liberar a ningún pueblo digno de sí mismo; únicamente expresan su pensamiento <b>judío-internacional</b>, como hombres <b>sin Patria</b> ni <b>ideales</b>. Diversas cosas que hacen mucho daño al <b>pueblo trabajador</b> las quitaremos; <a href="https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/es/article/the-murder-of-the-handicapped" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">nosotros las <b>sanearemos</b></a>, para que no pesen sobre el presupuesto del Estado unas sumas exageradas; por ejemplo, simplificaremos en gran medida el aparato de la administración del Estado y de las Municipalidades; <b>rebajaremos los sueldos de los ministros</b>, les <b>quitaremos </b>las <b>pensiones</b>. Obligación de servir civilmente al <b>Estado</b>, cada uno dentro de su ramo, durante un año. Haremos un programa de <b>trabajos públicos</b> para los <b>parados</b>, ya que es <b>indigno </b>dar <b>limosna</b> a un hombre; nosotros les daremos <b>trabajo </b>y con este <u>trabajo </u>se crearán objetos <b>útiles </b>para la vida de la <b>Nación</b>. Hay muchos proyectados, tales como la <a href="http://construccionesginer.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">construcción</a> de bermas, <b>trabajar las tierras yermas</b>, <a href="http://construccionesginer.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">construcción de pueblos</a> y muchas otras.<br />-Si Hitler en algunos puntos esenciales de su programa se viese obligado a renuncias, ¿qué haría el pueblo que lo sigue?<br />-El pueblo tiene completa confianza en su <b>caudillo Hitler</b>, hombre <b>inatacable</b>, hombre de una <b>moral máxima</b>, ya que <b>ha podido convencer al pueblo</b> en las regiones donde ha germinado el sentido de su <b>programa N.S.</b>, que es realizable y ha llevado a cabo unas <b>mejoras exuberantes</b> para todo el pueblo <b>afligido </b>y <b>martirizado</b>. Regiones como: <a href="https://www.coburg.de/startseite.aspx" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Coburg</a>, <a href="https://www.braunschweig.de/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Braunschweig</a>, <a href="https://oldenburg.de/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Oldenburg</a> y <a href="https://de.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Mecklenburg-Vorpommern" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Mecklenburg</a> pueden dar a sus ciudadanos <b>trabajo </b>y una <b>vida mejor</b> a la que han tenido hasta ahora. No creo que <b>Hitler </b>se vea en la necesidad de <u>reformar </u>su <u>programa</u>, puesto que los <b><a href="http://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=Arturo+Quintana" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">hombres de gran moral</a></b> que le rodean lo han confeccionado, no para engañar al pueblo, sino para mejorar su situación; éstos <b>no </b>son <u>hombres </u><b>políticos </b>por la <b>ambición de llegar al poder</b>, sino que son verdaderos <b>patriotas </b>que saben <b>sacrificarse </b>por el bien de su <b>Patria</b>.<br />-¿Es <b>Hitler</b> <u>partidario </u>del <b><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A1iser" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Káiser</a></b>?<br />-La forma de <b>Estado</b>, para nosotros, <b>Nacional-Socialistas</b>, es completamente secundaria. Hitler ha dicho: [“]¡prefiero una <u>buena </u><b><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/search?q=rep%C3%BAblica" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">República</a> </b>a una <b><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/search?q=lo+rey" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">monarquía</a> </b><u>absurda</u>!”, y <b>lo mismo al revés</b>. Eso sí, la <b>monarquía</b> <u>hereditaria </u><b>no </b>la queremos y <u>la combatiremos</u> siempre. Nosotros somos enemigos de las <b>elecciones </b><u>actuales</u>, nosotros queremos un <b>Parlamento </b>de <b>representantes </b>de <b>Gremios </b>y <b>Sindicatos</b>; no será <b>la masa</b> la que irá al <b>Parlamento</b>, sino los <b>representantes </b>de estos <b>Gremios</b> y <b>Sindicatos</b>. Es <u>absurdo </u>hoy que un <u>abogado </u>o un <u>médico </u>representen a los <u>agricultores</u>, o que un <u>maestro </u>de estudios represente a los <u>obreros</u>, y que un <u>obrero </u>del puerto represente a los <u>comerciantes</u>.<br />-¿Es <b>Hitler </b>partidario de una nueva <b>guerra</b>?<br />-Nuestros amigos nos echan cada día en cara que <b>preparamos una nueva guerra</b>. Por el solo hecho de ser <b>Nacional-Socialistas</b> quieren hacer creer que sólo sentimos “<u><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revanchism" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">revanche</a></u>” contra <b>Francia</b>. Al contrario; nosotros, <b>Nacional-Socialistas</b>, como <b>idealistas </b>y <b>humanitarios</b>, queremos la <b>Paz</b>; por eso, nosotros queremos la <b>Paz verdadera</b> y ésta consiste en una <b>libertad </b>integral de todos los pueblos y no la libertad que otras <b>Naciones </b>nos impongan por su <b>fuerza </b>material o <u>colonizadora</u>. El <a href="http://clio.rediris.es/fichas/Holocausto/exterminio.htm" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><b>derecho a la vida</b> de cada individuo</a> y la <b>libertad colectiva</b> serán las <b>fuerzas </b>que sacarán la “<b>revanche</b>” de los espíritus <b>oprimidos</b>. Lo que hoy domina a <b>Alemania </b>es el <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tratado_de_Versalles_(1919)" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">tratado de Versalles</a>, donde unas <u>manos </u><b>traidoras</b> <u>Alemanas </u><b>firmaron </b>la <u>culpabilidad</u>, <b>acusación </b><u>forzada </u>y arrancada bajo las <b>bayonetas </b>del <b>ejército </b>de la <b><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triple_Entente" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Entente</a></b>. Mientras no se borre esta <b>mentira </b>de aquel <b>tratado </b><u>humillante</u>, sí que hay posibilidades de una “<b>revanche</b>”, pues una <b>Nación </b>digna, dice: “<b>antes muerta que esclava</b>”. El <b>renacimiento </b>de mi <b>Patria </b>no lo queremos realizar <b>armando </b>al pueblo, sino reforzando la voluntad única y <b>Nacional </b>del <b>Pueblo Alemán</b> a base de una <b>moralidad </b>máxima.<br />-¿Qué piensa Hitler del problema de las minorías nacionales?<br />-Uno de los puntos esenciales del <b>pensamiento político de Hitler</b> es: La creación de un <b>Estado Nacional Alemán </b>único que comprenda <b>todos los pueblos de raza Alemana</b>. Esto tiene como consecuencia que el <b>Nacional Socialismo</b> reconozca lo que quiere para él, o sea, la vindicación integral de las diversas <b>Nacionalidades </b><u>oprimidas </u>existentes. El <b>P.N.S. </b>querría que todas las <b>Naciones </b>que <u>rodean </u><b>Alemania </b>viviesen dentro de un <b>Nacionalismo </b>puro en paz y comprensión para el mejoramiento de la vida de los pueblos.<br />-Usted, que durante los días de vuestra estancia entre nosotros ha podido estudiar el <b>pleito catalán</b>, ¿qué puede decirme al respecto?<br />-El <b>pleito Catalán</b> lo encuentro muy interesante [;] nosotros sabemos que <a href="http://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=razas" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">los <b>catalanes </b>son una </a><b><a href="http://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=razas" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">raza</a> </b>muy <b>diferente </b>de la <b>Española</b>, por <b>razones </b><u>sobradamente conocidas</u> y hoy <u>universalmente </u><b>admitidas</b>. <a href="http://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=Jordi+Pujol" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">El <b>catalán </b>es <b>trabajador</b></a>, ama la <b>libertad </b><u>individual</u>, es <b><a href="http://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=Torra" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">idealista</a> </b>e incluso me atrevo a decir <u>aventurero</u>. Los <u>materialistas</u>, en <b>Cataluña</b>, deben ser los <b>judíos</b>, y éstos con toda seguridad serán los <b>antinacionalistas</b>, los que estarán afiliados dentro de la <b>masonería </b>y es en las manos de estos hombres que está en peligro la <b>libertad </b>de todos los pueblos. Nosotros, N.S., comprendemos a los <u>pueblos </u><b>esclavos </b>que sientan el <b>nacionalismo </b>y quieran <b><a href="http://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=llibertat" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">liberarse de sus cadenas</a></b>, etc.<br />Guillem de Montrodó<br />[1] Para la historia de CEDADE véase el comedido libro de <a href="https://xaviercasals.wordpress.com/2009/11/14/neonazis-en-espana-de-las-audiciones-wagnerianas-a-los-skinheads-1966-1995/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Xavier Casals, Neonazis en España. De las audiciones wagnerianas a los skinheads</a> (1966-1995), <a href="http://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Grijalbo</a>, Barcelona, 1995.</span><br /><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif">//</span><br /><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif">La Cataluña de <b>Macià</b> dién piropos a <b>Hitler</b> y fen entrevistes. Un home <b>inatacable</b> fique al texto. <i>Intachable</i> com <b><a href="http://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=Puigdemont" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Pig Demon</a></b> y <a href="http://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=Torra" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">lo <b>Torrat</b></a>. Cuántes vides s'hagueren salvat en sol una bala entre les selles de <a href="http://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=Hitler" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Adolf Hitler</a> ...</span><br /><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif"><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif"><br /></span><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif">Hem pogut celebrar una entrevista amb el <b>Dr. <a href="http://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=nazi" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Karl Cerff</a></b>, de <i>Karlsruhe</i>, delegat del <i><a href="http://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=nazi" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Partit <b>Na</b>cional So<b>ci</b>alista Alemany</a></i>, el qual ha tingut l'amabilitat de contestarnos algunes preguntes que li hem fet sobre el programa de <b>Adolf</b> <b>Hitler </b>i el seu partit. El coneixement del dit programa ofereix punts molt interessants, per als estadistes de tots els <a href="http://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=pa%C3%ADsos" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">països</a> del món, perquè els problemes que avui []</span></span><br /><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif"><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif"><br /></span><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif">- El poble té completa confiança amb <b><a href="http://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=Hitler" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">el seu cabdill Hitler</a></b>, home inatacable, home d'una moral màxima, ja ha pogut convèncer el poble en les regions on ha germinat el sentit del seu programa N.S. que és realitzable i hi ha portat unes millores exuberants per a tot el poble sofert i martiritzat.</span></span><br /><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif"><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif"><br /></span><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif">/ Com veéu, ya eren tan <a href="http://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=ploramiques" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">ploramiques</a> entonses com ara los <b><a href="http://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=catalanistes" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">catalanistes</a></b>, un poble sofert i martiritzat, y eren tan <b><a href="http://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=razas" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">rassistes</a> </b>y <b><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TyfL_-Rwu0o" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">feixistes</a> </b>com los <b>nazis alemáns</b>. /</span></span></span>Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1217969734972724911.post-9438007862140422172023-10-19T17:52:00.002+02:002023-10-20T21:07:12.172+02:00Sirventes divers. (60)<p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">Sirventes divers.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br />Index:<br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/cominal-vielh-flac-playdes-garin-apchier.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">I, cominal, vielh, flac, playdes</a><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ii-mos-cominals-fai-ben-parer.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">II, mos Cominals fai ben parer</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/iii-comtor-d-apchier-rebuzat.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">III, Comtor d' Apchier rebuzat,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/iv-ancmais-tan-gen-no-vi-venir-pascor.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">IV, Ancmais tan gen no vi venir pascor,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/v-reis-pus-vos-de-mi-chantatz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">V, Reis, pus vos de mi chantatz,</a></span></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/vergoigna-aura-breument-nostre-evesque-cantaire.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VI, Vergoigna aura breument nostre evesque cantaire,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/vii-mout-mi-plai-quan-vey-dolenta.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VII, Mout mi plai quan vey dolenta</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/belh-m-es-quan-vey-camjar-lo-senhoratge.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VIII, Belh m' es quan vey camjar lo senhoratge,</span></a></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ix-guerra-e-trebalh-vei-et-afan.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">IX, Guerra e trebalh vei et afan</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/x-quan-lo-dous-temps-d-abril.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">X, Quan lo dous temps d' abril</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xi-sirventes-e-chansos-lais.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XI, Sirventes e chansos lais</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xii-ar-faray-sitot-no-m-platz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XII, Ar faray, sitot no m platz</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xiii-ara-farai-no-m-puesc-tener.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XIII, Ara farai, no m puesc tener,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xiv-no-m-agrad-iverns-ni-pascors.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XIV, no m agrad iverns ni pascors</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xv-d-un-sirventes-far-ai-gran-talen.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XV, D' un sirventes a far ai gran talen,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/de-nuilla-ren-non-es-tan-grans-cardatz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XVI, De nuilla ren non es tan grans cardatz</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xvii-tans-ricx-clergues-vey-trasgitar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XVII, Tans ricx clergues vey trasgitar</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/per-espassar-ira-dolor-ay-dins-mon-cor.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XVIII, Per espassar l' ira e la dolor</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xix-joan-fabre-yeu-ai-fach-un-deman.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XIX, Joan Fabre, yeu ai fach un deman</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xx-messonget-un-sirventes.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XX, Messonget, un sirventes</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxi-pus-chai-la-fuelha-del-garric.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXI, Pus chai la fuelha del garric</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxii-belha-m-es-la-flors-d-aguilen.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXII, Belha m' es la flors d' aguilen,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxiii-chantarai-d-aquetz-trobadors.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXIII, Chantarai d' aquetz trobadors</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxiv-pus-mos-coratge-s-esclarzis.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXIV, Pus mos coratge s' esclarzis</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxv-auiatz-de-chan-com-enans-se-meillura.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXV, Auiatz de chan com enans se meillura,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/belh-m-es-quan-vey-pels-vergiers-e-pels-pratz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXVI, Belh m' es quan vey pels vergiers e pels pratz</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxvii-no-m-laissarai-per-paor.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXVII, No m laissarai per paor</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxviii-sirventes-vuelh-far.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXVIII, Sirventes vuelh far</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxix-greu-m-es-durar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXIX, Greu m' es a durar,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxx-ieu-ai-ja-vista-manhta-rey.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXX, Ieu ai ja vista manhta rey</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/qui-se-membra-del-segle-passatz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXXI, Qui se membra del segle qu' es passatz</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxxii-lo-segle-m-es-camjatz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXXII, Lo segle m' es camjatz</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/per-lo-mon-fan-los-uns-dels-autres-rancura.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXXIII, Per lo mon fan l' us dels autres rancura</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxxiv-del-tot-vey-remaner-valor.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXXIV, Del tot vey remaner valor</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxxv-un-sirventes-fas-en-luec-de-jurar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXXV, Un sirventes fas en luec de jurar,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxxvi-falsedatz-e-desmezura.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXXVI, Falsedatz e desmezura</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ticx-hom-que-greu-ditz-vertat-e-leu-men.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXXVII, Ricx hom que greu ditz vertat e leu men,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxxviii-li-clerc-si-fan-pastor.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXXVIII, Li clerc si fan pastor</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxxix-per-folhs-tenc-polles-e-lombartz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXXIX, Per folhs tenc Polles e Lombartz</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xltos-temps-azir-falsetat-et-enjan.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XL. Tos temps azir falsetat et enjan,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xli-tals-cuia-be-aver-filh-de-s-espoza.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XLI, Tals cuia be Aver filh de s' espoza,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xlii-pus-ma-boca-parla-sens.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XLII, Pus ma boca parla sens</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xliii-qui-ve-gran-maleza-faire.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XLIII, Qui ve gran maleza faire</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xliv-tartarassa-ni-voutor.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XLIV, Tartarassa ni voutor</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xlv-tot-atressi-com-fortuna-de-ven.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XLV, Tot atressi com fortuna de ven</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xlvi-tan-son-valen-nostre-vezi.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XLVI, Tan son valen nostre vezi,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xlvii-razos-es-qu-ieu-m-esbaudey.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XLVII, Razos es qu' ieu m' esbaudey,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xlviii-un-sirventes-novel-vuelh-comensar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XLVIII, Un sirventes novel vuelh comensar</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xlix-una-cieutat-fo-no-sai-quals.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XLIX, Una cieutat fo, no sai quals,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/l-pus-peyre-d-alvernhe-chantat.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">L. Pus Peyre d' Alvernhe a chantat</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/li-l-autre-jorn-m-en-pugiey-al-cel.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">LI, L' autre jorn m' en pugiey al cel,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/lii-de-sirventes-aurai-gran-ren-perdutz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">LII, De sirventes aurai gran ren perdutz,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ab-gran-dreg-son-maint-gran-seignor-del-mon.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">LIII, Ab gran dreg son maint gran seignor del mon</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/liv-per-tot-so-c-om-sol-valer.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">LIV, Per tot so c' om sol valer</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/lv-qui-ha-talen-de-donar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">LV, Qui ha talen de donar</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/lvi-mon-sirventes-tramet-al-cominal.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">LVI, Mon sirventes tramet al cominal</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/blog-post_20.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">LVII, Cristias vey perilhar Per colpa dels regidors,</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/lviii-qui-m-disses-non-dos-ans.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">LVIII, Qui m disses, non a dos ans,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/fortz-guerra-fai-tot-lo-mon-guerreiar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">LIX, Fortz guerra fai tot lo mon guerreiar</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/lxvertatz-es-atras-tirada.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">LX, Vertatz es atras tirada</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">I.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cominal, <a href="https://aguelosebeta.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">vielh</a>, flac, playdes,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/12/fuster-jordi-pujol.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Paubre d' aver</a> et escas,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant faitz malvatz sirventes</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que del respondre sui las;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l vostra cavalaria</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Venra tota ad un dia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quant er so denan detras,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' avol bo e 'l bo malvas.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Anc un bon mot non fezes,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non i agues dos malvatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' ie us tolrai vostre ses,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mon chan ab que us fermiatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar chantatz ab vilania;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l comtessa m' en chastia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que ten Beders e Burlas,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que ditz que vos rebuzas.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Anc sagramen non tengues</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del tornel, quant l' avias;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni nul temps ver non disses,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si mentir non cuidavas;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et anas queren tot dia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' om se fi, e qui se fia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tenetz lo taulier e 'ls datz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E del joc sabetz assatz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ie us tolia Vivares,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' Argentiera e 'l Solas,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On lor comtes mans orbes</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mezures vos hom lo vas;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que quant Ponstorstz vos payssia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E Sanh Laurens vos vestia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Siatz totz paubres e ras,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que sieus es enquer, si us plas.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et avetz tan de mal pres</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aras e d' aissi entras,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que non sai cum vos tolgues</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si 'l pe no us toli o 'l nas</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">O 'ls huelhs, o no us aussizia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si no fos la confrairia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De Chassier e de Carlas,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab los pecols anaras.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Garin d' Apchier.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">II.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mos Cominals fai ben parer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que si 'l saubes dire ni far</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">So qu' a mi degues enuiar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el en faria son poder;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas jovens e poders li falh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E paubreira e veillors l' assalh;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' al guerrier non fai paor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E non a amic ni senhor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que no 'l tenha per enueyos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas tan quant ditz nostras tensos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E s' ieu lo vuelh ben dechazer,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el vuelha tolre mon chantar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ja non er qu' ilh don' a manjar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni 'l vuelha albergar un ser;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas metray lo chan din serralh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' el soven trembl' e badalh;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que la verchieira de sa sor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vendet de son gay maint pastor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car lai vivia ab sos lairos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Emblan las fedas e 'ls moutos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Anc ab armas non sap valer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Hom meinz, tant s' en volgues lauzar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni als guerriers, mas ab parlar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No saup hom meinz de dan tener;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas soven mov guerra et assalh</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A sels que an croz e sonalh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don mil monge dins refeitor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pregan, ploran, nostre senhor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' en Ponstortz e 'n Sanz Laurens fos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si cum es vielhs e sofraitos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Leialtat sol molt mantener,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E falsetat totz temps blasmar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas al tornei la i vim laissar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E del tot metr' en non chaler;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que ditz lo par de Neralh</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que home que nafre e talh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E prenda son lige senhor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni qu' el toilla castel ni tor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No 'l deu mantener nulhs homs pros,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' el no 'l mante ni 'n randos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ja nulh marit non cal temer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De lui, ni sa molher gardar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ans lo pot laissar domneiar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et estar ab leys a lezer;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que quals qu' el de bois vil entalh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Deboissar lo pot d' aital talh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ses pel, ses carn e ses color</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E ses joven e ses vigor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E d' ome qu' es d' aital faysos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non deu esser maritz gelos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Garin d' Apchier.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">III.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Comtor d' Apchier rebuzat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pos de chan vos es laissat</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Recrezut vos lays e mat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Luenh de tota benanansa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vencut, de guerra sobrat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Comtor, mal encompanhat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab pauc de vi e de blat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Plen d' enuey e de carn ransa.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aisi prenc de vos comjatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pois may de mi no chantatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E del vostre vielh barat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E de vostra vielha pansa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E del nas tort, mal talhat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E del veser biaisat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tal vos a dieus tornat</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' anas co escut e lansa.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Be us a breujat lo corril</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Monlaur que tenias per vil, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que de may tro qu' en abril</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vos fay estar en balansa;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E non aves senhoril,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant aut son dur cor apil!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que ja us trobon en plan mil,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que m pren de vos pezansa.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Can vos clavon lo cortil</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sil que us son deus lo capil</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tornat de brau humil,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tout chant et alegransa;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E s' anc raubes loc mongil,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ara us faitz dire a mil</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que dieus e l' orde clergil</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vos a tout pretz et onransa.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pos de chantar em al som</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aiss' ie us desampar lo nom;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tot vostr' argen torn en plom,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vostr' afar desenansa;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vilhet pus blanc d' un colom,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Be us menon de tom en tom,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E no sabetz qui ni com;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tart seres mais reis de Fransa.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Cominal.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">IV.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ancmais tan gen no vi venir pascor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el ve guarnitz de solatz e de chan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E ve guarnitz de guerra e de mazan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E ve guarnitz d' esmay e de paor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E ve guarnitz de gran cavalairia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E ve guarnitz d' una gran manentia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tals sol pro cosselhar e dormir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ara vay gent bras levat aculhir.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Belh m' es quan vey que boyer e pastor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Van si marrit q' us no sap vas o s' an,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E belh quan vey que 'l ric baro metran</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">So don eron avar e guillador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ara dara tals que cor non avia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E montara 'l pages qu' aunir solia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que grans guerra, quant hom no i pot gandir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fai mal senhor vas los sieus afranquir.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab nulha gent no trob om tan d' amor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni tan de fe, segon lo mieu semblan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Com ab los sieus, que ja no falhiran</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En nulha re, sol qu' om no falha lor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas a senhor qu' els sieus forsa e gualia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non pot hom fe portar ni senhoria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas ab los sieus qui los sap gen baillir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pot hom lo sieu gardar e conquerir.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El mon non a thesaurs ni gran ricor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que si' aunitz, sapchatz qu' ieu prez un guan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' aitan tost mor, mas non o sabon tan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Avols cum bos; e vida ses valor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pretz meyns que mort, e pretz mais tota via</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Honor e pretz qu' aunida manentia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar selh es folhs que se fai escarnir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E selh savis que se fai gen grazir.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al pro comte de Tolza mon senhor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Prec que 'l membre qu' il valc ni qu' il tenc dan;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E que valha a cels que valgut l' an, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sian ric per lui bon servidor; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el savis dis que cel qui be volria </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Esser amatz, ames be ses bauzia, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car qui be vol baissar ni frevolhir </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sos enemics, bos amics deu chauzir.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Bernard Arnaud de Montouc.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">V.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Reis, pus vos de mi chantatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Trobat avetz chantador;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas tan me faitz de paor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que m torn a vos forsatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E plazentiers vos en son:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas d' aitan vos ochaizon,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S' ueymais laissatz vostre fieus,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No m mandetz querre los mieus.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu no soy reis coronatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni hom de tan gran ricor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que puesc' a mon for, senhor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Defendre mas heretatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas vos, que li Turc felon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Temion mais que leon,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Reis e ducx, e coms d' Angieus,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sufretz que Gisors es sieus!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Anc no fuy vostre juratz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E conoissi ma folor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tant caval milsoudor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tant esterlis pezatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Donetz mon cosin Guion;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">So m dizon siey companhon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tos temps segran vostr' estrieus,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sol tant larc vos tenga dieus.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Be m par, quan vos diziatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu soli' aver valor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que m laysassetz ses honor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueys que bon me laysavatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pero dieus m' a fag tan bon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' entr' el Puey et Albusson</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Puesc remaner entr' els mieus,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu no soi sers ni juzieus.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Senher valens et honratz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que m' avetz donat alhor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si no m sembles camjador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ves vos m' en fora tornatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas nostre reis de saison</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Rend Ussoir' e lais Usson;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l cobrar es me mot lieus,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu n' ai sai agut sos brieus.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu soi mot entalentatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De vos e de vostr' amor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el coms, que us fes tan d' onor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' Engolmes n' es gen pagatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que Tolvera e la mayson,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A guiza de larc baron,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Li donetz, qu' anc non fos grieus;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">So m' a comtat us romieus.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Reis, hueymais me veiretz pron,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tal dona m' en somon,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cui soi tan finamen sieus</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que totz sos comans m' es lieus.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Le Dauphin d' Auvergne.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VI.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vergoigna aura breument nostre evesque cantaire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sol veigna lo legatz que non tarzara gaire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E farem denan lui los sirventes retraire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">O pels mieus o pels sieus lo cuig de l' orden traire;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' anc mieils non o conquis lo seigner de Belcaire;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sol dieus gart lo legat que per aver no s vaire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si no s vaira 'l legatz e vol gardar dreitura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ades nos ostara sa falsa creatura;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Alverne, be us garnic de gran mal' aventura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui 'l fetz governador de la sainta escriptura;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Be s pot meravillar qui conois sa figura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cossi s' ausa vestir de sainta vestidura.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Li vestiment son saint, mas fals' es sa persona,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum cel que rauba e tol e pren, e ren non dona,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas vai guerra mesclan plus que 'l Turcs de Mairona,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E saup mieils prezicar la comtessa d' Artona;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si fos nostre vezis lo legatz de Narbona,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mais non portera anel ni crossa ni corona.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Anc tan fals coronat non ac en esta terra;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Grans meravilla es cum tota gens non erra,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que nuills hom son amic ses aver non sosterra,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E quan pot tant donar, costa il mil solz la bera;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ab deniers dels mortz alonga al rei sa guerra:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aitan l' azire dieus cum el ama Englaterra.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Englaterra ama el ben e fai gran fellonia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que lo reis l' a cregut de mais qu' el non avia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E quant el li promes que del frair' el creiria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fetz li frangner Mausac, quan lo reis lo tenia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mal portara honor al rei ni seignoria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pois no la porta a dieu ni a sa preueiria.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' evesques me dis mal segon sa fellonia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ieu li port ades honor e cortesia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas s' ieu dir en volgues so qu' ieu dir en sabria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El perdria l' evescat et ieu ma cortesia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Le Dauphin d' Auvergne.</span></p><p><br /></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mout mi plai quan vey dolenta</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La malvada gent manenta</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ab paratge mov contenta;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E m plai quan los vey desfar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De jorn en jorn vint o trenta,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'ls trop nutz ses vestimenta,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E van lur pan acaptar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E s' ieu ment, m' amia m menta.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vilas a costum de trueia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que de gent viure s' enueia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E quant en gran ricor pueia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' aver lo fai folleiar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que 'l deu hom la tremueia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Totas sazos tener vueia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l deu del sieu despensar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E far sufrir vent e plueia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui son vilan non aerma</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En deslialtat lo ferma,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' es fols qui be no 'l merma,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quan lo vetz sobrepuiar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar vilas, pus si conferma</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En tan ferm loc si referma,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De maleza non a par,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tot quan cossec aderma.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ja vilan non deu hom planher,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si 'l vetz bras o camba franher</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni ren de sos ops sofranher,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar vilan, si dieus m' ampar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A cel que pus li pot tanher,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per planher ni per complanher,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nuls hom no 'l deu ajudar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Enans deu lo fag refranher.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Rassa, vilana tafura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Plena d' enjan e d' uzura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' erguelh e de desmezura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lur faitz non pot hom durar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar dieu geton a non cura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E leialtat e drechura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Adam cuion contrafar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dieus lur don mal' aventura!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Bertrand de Born.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VIII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Belh m' es quan vey camjar lo senhoratge,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'ls viels laisson als joves lurs maizos;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E quascus pot laissar en son linhatge</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aitans d' efans que l' us puesc' esser pros:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Adoncs m' es belh qu' el segle renovelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mielhs que per flor, ni per chantar d' auzelh.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qui dona ni senhor vol camjar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vielh per jove ben deu renovelar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vielha la tenc dona pus capelaya,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es vielha quan cavalier non a;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vielha la tenc si de dos drutz s' apaya,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es vielha si avols hom l' o fa;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vielha la tenc s' ama dins son castelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es vielha mal' ha ops de fachelh;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vielha la tenc pos l' ennueion juglar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es vielha quan trop vuelha parlar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Joves dona que sap honrar paratge,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es joves per bos fagz quan los fa;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Jove se te quant a adreg coratge</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vas bon pretz avol mestier non a;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Jove se te quan guarda son cors belh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es joves dona quan be s capdelh;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Jove se te quan no y cal devinar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ab belh jovent se guart de mal estar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Joves es hom que lo sieu ben enguatge.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es joves quant es ben sofraitos;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Jove se te quan pro 'l costa ostatge,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es joves quan fa estraguat dos;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Jove se te quant art l' arqua e 'l vaixelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fai estorn e vouta e sembelh;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Jove se te quan li plai domneiar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es joves quan ben l' aman juglar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vielhs es ricx hom quan re no met en guatge, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E li sobra blat e vis e bacos;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per vielh lo tenc liura huous e formatge</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A jorn carnal si e sos companhos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per vielh quan viest capa sobre mantelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vielh si a caval qu' om sieu apelh;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Viels es quan vol un jorn en patz estar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vielhs si pot guandir ses baratar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mon sirventesc port e vielh e novelh, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Arnaut juglar, a Richart qu' el capdelh, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E ja thesaur vielh no vuelh' amassar, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ab thesaur jove pot pretz guazanhar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Bertrand de Born.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">IX.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Guerra e trebalh vei et afan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sofrir a mant baron truan;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pauc m' es del dol e menz del dan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que m vueilh alegrar chantan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar ab joi vauc et ab joi pes,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E pensamens no m' enpacha,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni sabers no m fai sofracha</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De far un novel sirventes.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Guerra m plai, sitot guerra m fan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Amors e ma domna tot l' an;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar per guerra vei trair' enan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cortz e domnei, solatz e chan;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Guerra fai de vilan cortes,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que m plai guerra ben facha, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E m plai quan la trega es fracha </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels Esterlins e dels Tornes.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Esterlins e Tornes camjan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tollen e meten e donan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Veirem de ill dui reis, ans d' un an,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo menz croi, segon mon semblan;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pero 'l senhers coms, ducs, marques,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">N' a ben sa pegnora tracha,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas metre lo fan per gaicha,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">So dizon Gascon et Engles.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En breu veirem qual mais poiran</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sofrir lo maltrach e 'l mazan;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mant caval bai e mant ferran</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Veirem e mant elm e mant bran,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E mant colp ferir demanes,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mant bratz, manta testa fracha,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mant mur, manta tor desfacha,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mant castel forsat et conques.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ges non crei Frances ses deman</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tengan lo deseret que fan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A tort a mant baron presan;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pero meravilha m don gran</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del seinhor dels Aragones,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar ab lor dan non destacha,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueis sai nos ades a pacha</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Desmandat a coms, duc, marques.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui s vuelha n' aia mal o bes</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">O enpacha, o desenpacha,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">O bratz rotz, o testa fracha,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tan m' es del mort com del pres.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Gay mi ten una bella res,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Avinens, joves, ben facha,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ai ab lei aital pacha</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Com an Pisan ab Genoes.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Bertrand de Born.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">X.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quan lo dous temps d' abril</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fa 'ls arbres secs fulhar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'ls auzelhs mutz cantar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quascun en son lati,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ben volgr' aver en mi</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Poder de tal trobar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum pogues castiar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Las domnas de falhir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que mal ni dan no m' en pogues venir.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu cugiey entre mil</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Una lial trobar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tan cuiava sercar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Totas an un trahi,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fan o atressi</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Col laire al bendar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que demanda son par</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per sas antas sofrir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' el mazans totz sobre lui no s vir.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant an prim e subtil</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lur cor per enganar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' una non pot estar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que sa par non gali;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueys s' en gab e s' en ri,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quan la ve folleiar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qui d' autruy afar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si sap tan gent formir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ben es semblans qu' el sieu sapch' enantir. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E selha que del fil</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A sos ops no pot far,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ad autra en fai filar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E ja peior mati</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No us qual de mal vezi;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que so qu' avetz plus car</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vos faran azirar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tal ren abelhir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que de mil ans no vos poiretz jauzir.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si las tenetz tan vil</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que las vulhatz blasmar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sempre us iran jurar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sobre las dens N Arpi,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que so qu' om ditz que vi</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No s fai a consirar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E saubran vos pregar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tan gent ab lur mentir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De lurs enjans nulhs hom no s pot guandir.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui en loc feminil</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cuia feutat trobar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ben fai a castiar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu dic qu' en loc cani</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vai ben sercar sai:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qui vol comandar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al milan ni baillar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sos poletz per noyrir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ja us dels grans no m don pois per raustir.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Anc Rainartz d' Isengri</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No s saup tan gent venjar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quan lo fetz escorjar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E il det per escarnir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Capel e gans, com ieu fas quan m' azir.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Donas, pois castiar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No us voletz de falhir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Amtas e dans vos n' aven a sufrir.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pierre de Bussignac.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XI.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sirventes e chansos lais</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tot quan suelh far ni dire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que ja no 'n parlarai mais;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar des que fui natz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mi sui trebalhatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum pogues mi dons defendre </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels manens malvatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas tot es niens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que l' aurs e l' argens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El vis e 'l fromens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fai ves si atraire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dona de mal aire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que l' am e la bais,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E que 'l senhorey,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sitot s' es de malvada ley.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Jamais feutres ni gambais,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Solatz, ni motz que fan rire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni torneys, on hom s' eslais,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No seran prezatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Servitz ni honratz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per elms ni per escutz fendre</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tals temps es tornatz!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar s' etz belhs e gens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Larcx et avinens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E non etz manens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No vos valra gaire;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Q' us fals d' avol aire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vilas e putnais</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Part vos non estey</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab deniers que tenha e maney.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Era 'n faran colh e cais,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si m vau josta lor assire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Las falsas, cui dieus abais;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et er me vedatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo joys e 'l solatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar conosc e sai entendre</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Las lurs malvestatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueys las avols gens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Diran entre dens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu sui mal dizens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ieu, per mon paire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cuiava lur traire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo pel don lur nais</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Malvestatz, e vey</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que per un lur en naisson trey.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Un pauc estan en bon plais,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quan si podon escondire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al prim que jovens las pais,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tro qu' es aut montatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lur pretz ves totz latz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas pueys lo fan bas deyssendre,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ab lur orretatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En fan per totz sens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lurs drutz conoyssens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' ieu serai lens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De tornar al laire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si m' en puesc estraire;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar totz malvatz fais</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Porta qui las crey,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E parec en la cub' al rey.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ges ab donas no m' irais,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni ja negus no s cossire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu per lur mal dir engrais;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas tan suy iratz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quan vey lur beutatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lay, on no s' eschay, despendre,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' ay ajustatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aitals motz cozens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que lur es grans sens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E castiamens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar quant aug retraire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La foudatz ni braire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cove que s biais</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E que no folley,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ans fassa so que ben l' estey.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mielhs mi vai qu' al rey</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab que m melhur e non sordey.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre de Bussignac.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ar faray, sitot no m platz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Chantar verses ni chansos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sirventes en son joyos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sai qu' en seray blasmatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas del senhor suy servire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que per nos suferc martir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et en crotz deynhet morir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' ieu no m tem de ver dire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar vey qu' el temps s' es camjatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'ls auzelletz de lurs sos;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E paratges que chai jos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vilas coutz son prezatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Clercx e Frances cuy azire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu per ver vey dregz delir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E merces e pretz veuzir;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dieus m' en do so qu' ieu 'n dezire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant es grans lur cobeytatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que dreytura n' es al jos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et enjans e tracios</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Es dreitz per elhs apellatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don pretz, dos, solatz e rire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Franh, e vezem car tenir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los malvatz que ges servir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non podon dieu ni ver dire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' ieu suy al cor iratz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar aissi s pert ad estros</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per sofracha d' omes bos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aquest segle ves totz latz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu vey qu' hom met en azire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Drechura per fals mentir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l tort ans qu' el drech escrir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l mals enans qu' el bes dire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Joglars, ben son desamatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La flor dels valens baros</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cuy cortz, dompneyars e dos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Plazion joys e solatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' er, si re als voletz dire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vos pessaran descarnir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar ja no 'ls pot abellir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' aver aver lur tolh rire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo valens coms, sens fench dire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mante pretz e s fa grazir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' Astarac, e 'l platz servir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E donar e joy e rire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Guillaume Anelier de Toulouse.</span></p><p><br /></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XIII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ara farai, no m puesc tener,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Un sirventes en est son gay,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab bos motz leus per retener,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sitot chantar cum sol no m play;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar li ric son tan non chalen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el pretz ne perdon d' aquest mon,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar cobeytatz los vay vensen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don proeza s bayssa e s cofon.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar aras no ven a plazer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Joys ni deportz ni pretz veray,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Enans creys malvestatz per ver</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E falsetatz contra ver vay,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E paratges pren aunimen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per vilas coutz on totz be s fon,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar tan son ples de mal talen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tot bon fag de lor s' escon.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qui vol de lor grat aver</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Er ses merce ab cor savay,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fara tot fach per aver</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sol que n' aya, que pueys n' er may</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Honratz e tengutz per paren,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sia vengutz no sai don;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' er non es prezatz hom valen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si non a pro de que s' aon.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas us enfans cobra poder</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' es a paratge lums e ray,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que ses elh no pogra valer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ans er al bas per tos temps may,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas tant a pres gran honramen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De selhs de qui fetz planqua e pon,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Eychanple tal qu' ab cor temen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Son Frances, quar tan prop li son.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don prec Ieshu Crist que poder</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Li don e qu' el garde, si 'l play,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que clercx no 'l puescon dan tener</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab fals prezicx totz ples d' esglay,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar tant es grans lur trichamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el fuecx enfernals plus preon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ardran, quar volon tant argen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' hom peccaire fan cast e mon.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A la gleiza falh son saber,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar vol los Frances metre lay</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On non an dreg per nulh dever,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E gieton cristias a glay</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per lengatge sens cauzimen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar volon lo segle redon;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pero en camp clercx non aten,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas de perdon daran un mon.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo coms a laus de tota gen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' Astarac, e s' espenh amon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Son pretz, et a en dar talen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E flac cor ab luy no s' apon.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Guillaume Anelier de Toulouse.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XIV.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No m' agrad' iverns ni pascors,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni clar temps ni fuelhs de guarricx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar mos enans me par destricx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E totz mos magers gaugz dolors;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E son maltrag tug mei lezer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dezesperat mei esper;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si m sol amors e dompneys</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tener guay plus que l' aigua 'l peys;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E pus d' amdui me sui partitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum hom eyssellatz e marritz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tot' autra vida m sembla mortz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tot autre joy desconortz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus d' amor m' es falhida 'l flors</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l dous frug e 'l gras e l' espicx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don jauzi' ab plazens predicx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E pretz m' en sobrav' et honors,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E m fazia entr' els pros caber,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Era m fai d' aut en bas chazer;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si no m sembles fols esfreys,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Anc flama tan tost non s' esteys</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu for' esteyns e relenquitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E perdutz en fagz et en digz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo jorn que m venc lo desconortz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que no m merma, cum que m' esfortz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pero no m comanda valors,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si be m sui iratz et enicx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu don gaug a mos enemicx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tan qu' en oblit pretz ni lauzors;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar ben puesc dan e pro tener,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sai d' irat jauzens parer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sai entr' els Latis e 'ls Grezeis:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l marques, que l' espaza m ceis,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Guerreye lai blancs e droguitz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et anc pus lo mons fo bastitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No fes nulha gens tan d' esfortz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum nos, quan dieus nos n' ac estortz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Belhas armas, bos feridors,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Setges e calabres e picx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E traucar murs nous et anticx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E venser batalhas e tors</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vey et aug, e non puesc vezer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ren que m puesc' ad amor valer;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vauc sercan ab rics arneys</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Guerras e coytas e torneys,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don sui, conquerenz, enrequitz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E pus joys d' amor m' es falhitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Totz lo mons me par sol uns ortz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E mos chans no m' es mais conortz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo Marques vey honrat e sors</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E Campanes, e 'l coms Enricx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sicar, Montos e Salanicx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E Costantinople socors,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar gent sabon camp retener,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E pot hom ben proar en ver;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ancmais nulha gent non ateys</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aitan gran honor apareys</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per bos vassals, valens, arditz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E nostr' emperi conqueritz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dieus trameta nos esfortz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' elh se trai' a cap nostre sortz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Anc Alixandres no fetz cors,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni Karles ni 'l reys Lodoycx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant honrat; ni 'l coms N Aimericx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni Rotlan ab sos ponhedors,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No saubron tan gen conquerer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tan ric emperi per poder</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum nos, don pueia nostra leys;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' emperadors e ducx e reys</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Avem fagz, e castels garnitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pres dels Turcx e dels Arabitz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ubertz los camis e 'ls portz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De Brandis tro al bratz Sanh Jortz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Doncs que m val conquitz ni ricors?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu ja m tenia per plus ricx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quant era amatz e fis amicx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E m payssia cortes' amors;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">N' amava mais un sol plazer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que sai gran terr' e gran aver;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ades on plus mos poders creys,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">N' ai maior ir' ab me mezeis;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus mos Belhs Cavaliers grazitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E joys m' es lunhatz e faiditz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don no m venra jamais conortz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' es mager l' ira e plus fortz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Belhs dous Engles, francx et arditz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cortes, essenhatz, essernitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vos etz de totz mos gaugz conortz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E quar viu ses vos fatz esfortz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per vos er Damas envazitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E Jerusalem conqueritz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l regnes de Suria estortz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' els Turcx o trobon en lur sortz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los pelegris perjurs faiditz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que nos an sai en camp gequitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui los manten en cort es tortz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que quascus val meins vius que mortz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Rambaud de Vaqueiras.</span></p><p><br /></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XV.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' un sirventes a far ai gran talen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E farai lo, si dieus me benezia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar tot lo mon vey tornar en nien,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que negus hom l' us en l' autre no s fia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ans si m sirvetz, vos farai ab falsia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tro que us aya fach lo vostre perden,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et aissi a gran desconoissemen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que ns dona dieus gran mal quascun dia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E de tot be frachura e carestia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De la gleysa vos dic primeiramen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que y corr engans, e far non o deuria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar cobeitatz la lassa e la pren,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que per deniers perdonon que que sia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E prezicon la gens la nueg e 'l dia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que non aion enveya ni talen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De nulha ren, mas ges elhs non an sen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E devedon renou e raubaria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et elhs fan lo, e d' elhs pren hom la via.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A legistas vey far gran falhimen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E corr entr' elhs grans bautucx e bauzia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar tot bon dreg fan tornar a nien,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fan tener de tort la dreyta via,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et en aissi dampno l' arma e la via;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que n' iran trastug a perdemen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ins en yfern, e sofriran turmen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E greu dolor e peior malautia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En escurdat, ab fera companhia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En totz mestiers vey far galiamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sol que y corra nulha mercadaria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar messorguier son compran e venden,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E ses mentir negus hom no us vendria;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E gieton dieu e la verge Maria</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En messorgas per cobeitat d' argen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ailas! caytiu, quo no son conoyssen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que als deniers donon tal senhoria</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que perdon dieu qu' els ten totz en bailia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ar vey lo mon mal e desconoyssen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E senes fe e de tot avol guia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar hom paupres non troba ab manen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nulh' amistat, si gazanh no y vezia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E doncx aisselh que ns a formatz e ns cria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sofri mort oltra son mandamen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Faym quascun jorn, e faym dieu de l' argen, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E per deniers lo meten en oblia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et a la fin negus non porta mia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ancmais non ayc coratge ni talen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De repentir, mas aras si podia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar quascun jorn propcham del fenimen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que quascus cofessar si deuria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar gran signe en vi antan un dia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que ploc terra e sanc verayamen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per so degram aver bon pessamen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E que valgues a son par qui podia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et en aissi quascus s' emendaria.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A mon Azaut vai corren e ten via</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mo sirventes, quar es flors de joven,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sobre totz yssaussa son pretz gen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sa valor e sa gaya paria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et agradans es en tot luec on sia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pons de Teza, dieu prec que us benezia, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar a totz etz de belh aculimen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E quascun jorn creyssetz vostr' onramen, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' ieu me suy mes en vostra bailia, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar bona fi fai qui ab bon arbre s lia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pons de la Garde.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XVI.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De nuilla ren non es tan grans cardatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum d' omes pros, e car n' es carestia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fai n' a plaigner uns pros qan se cambia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et eu dic lo pel vescomt de Burlatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' auzit ai dir q' es de bon pretz camjatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car no il platz jes aitan cum sol valors;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Eu non dic jes per so q' a mal so tenga,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Enanz o fatz per respeig que reveigna;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que vida es anta e desonors</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui non a pretz segon q' es sa ricors.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que hom non es tan pros ni tan prezatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que non aia blasme de cui que sia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si us fols li ditz mal per follia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Jes per aisso no s tenga per blasmatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Enanz s' en deu tener per ben lauzatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que blasmes es del fol al pro lauzors;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' eu li prec que mon conseill reteigna, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E cum se sol captener se capteigna,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E laisse dir als nescis lor follors,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que ill conoissen en diran pro d' onors.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu ai auzit mal dire d' En Blacatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que per aisso non i s refrenet un dia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E d' En Raimon Agout que tan valia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E del marques de cui fon Monferratz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que per aisso non semblet nuills iratz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni non tolgron benfaig a cantadors.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pauc vos ama, vescoms, qui us enseigna</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que de ben far hi de pretz no us soveigna;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Leu aura fait vostre fins pres son cors,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si non avetz amics e lauzadors.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De las domnas mi platz be lur honors</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De Caherci, e voill mal als seignors.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Cadenet.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XVII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tans ricx clergues vey trasgitar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En aissi col trasgitaire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que 'l filha c' an de comayre</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fan lur nepta al maridar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et atruep ne d' autres fols vers</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que an tan d' ipocrisia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' om non conoys lor bauzia </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni l' enjans don lor ven l' avers.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Falses clergue, e cals devers</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Es fassas tan gran folia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qu' el be mostres tot dia?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Es be fols doncx vostres volers!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Bos pastres non deu hom preyar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sas fedas per nulh afaire;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E que vos o vulhatz faire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' es pastor, fariatz a cremar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui ben vol de dieu prezicar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non deu esser fols ventayre,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car fols es lo prezicayre</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que ben ditz, e vuelha mal far;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fols si no 'l destrenh temers,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fols qui s fenh que bos sia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fols sel que dieus oblia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fols qui sec sos vas plazers</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On que s' an lo devis poders</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sap cal clercx fai bona via,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sap be la tricharia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels fals ples de totz mals sabers;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sap com per otracuiar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">An portels tras lor repaire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per on intran li cofraire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vergonhos, can van cofessar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo mal qu' ilh fan deu hom blasmar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l ben grazir e retraire:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ufana non lor play gayre,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que aisso lor puesc ieu lauzar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni ricx manjars ni ricx jazers,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni erguelh ni feunia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas empero tota via</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fan so c' a dieu es desplazers.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A sel hom cui es fis pretz vers,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sirventes, e cortezia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al mieu car senhor t' envia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dir qu' ie 'l prec que s gar de fals clercx;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qu' ieu soi sieus ses bauzia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per far e dir totz sos plazers.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Bertrand Carbonel.</span></p><p><br /></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XVIII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per espassar l' ira e la dolor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' ay dins mon cor, e per cofizamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' ay bon en dieu, fas lo comensamen </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' un sirventes contra la gran folor </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que fals clergue fan sotz bela semblansa; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ilh dizon be, mas en vey ses doptansa </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ilh fan tot mal, don yeu ay dolor gran, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car sel que vai la lei de dieu mostran, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Degra ben far, e seguir drech semdier; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas cobeitat fay home messongier.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Laia cauza es tengud' al doctor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">So dis Catos, can nescis lo repren;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qui mais val mais fay de falhimen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Can falh en res, que us hom ses valor:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui prezica c' ayam en dieu fiansa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fassam be per la su' amistansa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sertas ben dis; mas lo repres deman</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' o dis per que fai nulh fach malestan;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que honestat non porta costalier,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni fier ni franh ni fay fach de murtrier.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ai! fals clergue, messongier, traidor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Perjur, lairo, putanier, descrezen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant faitz de mals cascun jorn a prezen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tot lo mon avetz mes en error:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Anc Sans Peyre non tenc captal en Fransa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni fes renou, ans tenc drech la balansa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De liautat; no faitz vos pas senblan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que per argen anatz a tort vedan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueys n' absolvetz, pueys no datz empachier, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueys ses argen no y trob om deslieurier.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non crezantz pas silh fol entendedor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Blasme totz clercx, mas los fals solamen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni d' autra part no vazan entenden</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' aiso digua per doptansa de lor:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mais que m plagra fezessan acordansa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels reys que an guerr' e desacordansa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si c' otra mar passessan est autr' an,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l Pap' ab els; e lay fezesson tan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que crestiantat s' en dones alegrier;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E valgra may, qu' encar son sa guerrier.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ar es ben dretz, pus ieu n' ai dich blasmor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el be qu' els fan laus e vaza dizen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Drap de color e vaysela d' argen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Refudan tot per dieu nostre senhor:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aissi 'ls gart dieus de mal e de pezansa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Com els non an ni erguelh ni bobansa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni riquezas no van cobezeian,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni joc d' amor, mas autre dieu non an:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Adonc mostran can veian, qu' en l' armier</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S' en vay l' arma e la carn el carnier.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al pus privat Proensal, ses doptansa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que huey viva e de mais d' alegransa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vay, sirventes, a sel on car lay van</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Miey sirventes, dir qu' el pres qu' entr' enan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sosten, qu' el gart de fals clercx, car leugier</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Son a mal far e fals e messongier.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Bertrand Carbonel.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XIX.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Joan Fabre, yeu ai fach un deman</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A ton fraire, et a m' en bel espos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">G**, dis ieu, per que es fabre vos?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E respondec: Car ieu vau fabregan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' aquel mestier que hom a, cal que sia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">O d' aquel art lo vay lo mons seguen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' aysi n' a faitz dretz adhordenamen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Doncx qui foudat fay per aital semblan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dic ieu qu' es fols, c' aisi 'l jutja razos;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es tracher sel que fay trassios;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es layres aysel que vay emblan:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui malvestat fay nulhs hom non poiria</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tolre lo nom del malvat sertamen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que fay bon renhar adrechamen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per tu, Joan, que vey anar obran</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Malvayzamen, soi per sert cossiros;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S' ieu dizia que savis iest e pros,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mon cor dira: Bertran, tu vas faulan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que anc nulh homs mays no fetz de fulia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni d' avoleza que Joans vay fazen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En son alberc, prezen de tota gen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ab ta molher et ab tu va s colcan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E manj' e beu la femna d' un gibos;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tos temps devetz esser fort doloiros,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Caitieu, dolens de ta folia gran.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A joc de datz o en bordelairia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Te troba hom, cant hom te vay queren,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Joan, per sert, mens vales de nien.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Totz hom savis garda per adzenan;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Doncx veyas y, e cals es tos ressos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l mal c' adutz fol' e vils messios,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On non yray mon sirventes selan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ans lo volray ensenhar cascun dia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A tot home per so c' an retrazen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La malvestat del teu cor recrezen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Joan, car ieu t' ay amat ses bauzia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E t' am encars, te vau aiso dizen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' amicx non es qui non o fay parven.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Bertrand Carbonel.</span></p><p><br /></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XX.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Messonget, un sirventes</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">M' as quist, e donar l' o t' ay</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al pus tost que ieu poyrai</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El son d' En Arnaut Plagues;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que autr' aver no t daria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que non l' ay; ni s' ieu l' avia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non t' en seria amicx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que s' era de mil marcx ricx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' un denier no t' en valria.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' en tu non es nulha res</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De so qu' a joglar s' eschai,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tos chans no val ni play,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni tos fols ditz non es res;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E croya es ta folia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E paubra ta joglaria</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tan que si no fos N Albricx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El marques que es tos dicx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nulhs hom no t' alberguaria.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas d' una res t' es ben pres </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que d' aisso, qu' aras pus play, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">As pus qu' anc non aguist may </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Follia e nescies;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si negus hom que sia </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De ta folhor te castia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tu non creiras sos casticx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar per folhor t' es abricx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tal que per sen no t valria.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per tu blasmon lo marques</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Li croy joglar e 'l savay,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per lo ben que elh te fay;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' ieu vuelh qu' en Verones</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al comte tenhas la via;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mal dig, que mais li valria</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Us braus balestiers enicx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que traisses als enemicx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que s' ieu tu li trametia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Hugues de Saint-Cyr.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XX.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per solatz revelhar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar es trop endormitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E per pretz qu' es fayditz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aculhir e tornar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mi cuyei trebalhar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas er m' en sui giquitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per so quar sui falhitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar non es d' acabar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum plus m' en ven voluntatz e talans, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Plus creys de lai lo dampnatges e 'l dans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Greu es a sofertar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A vos o dic, qu' auzitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum era jois grazitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tug li benestar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Hueymais podetz jurar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que ja de fust no vitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni vilas miels formitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Estra grat cavalgar:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lagz es l' afars e greus e malestans</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don hom pert dieu e reman malanans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ieu vi torneis mandar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E segre gens garnitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E pueys dels miels feritz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Una sazo parlar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ar es pretz de raubar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Buous, motos e berbitz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cavaliers si' aunitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que s met a domneiar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus que toca dels mans motos belans,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni que rauba gleizas ni viandans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On son gandit joglar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu vi gent aculhitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' a tal mestier fo guitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que solia guidar?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vey senes reptar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Anar tals escarits,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus fon bos pretz failhitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que solia menar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De companhos, e no sai dire quans,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Gent en arneis e bels e benestans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vi per cortz anar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De joglaretz petitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Gen caussatz e vestitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sol per domnas lauzar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ar non auzon parlar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant es bos pretz delitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dont es lo tortz issitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De las mal razonar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Diatz de quals d' elhas o d' els amans,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ieu dic de totz, qu' el pretz n' a trag enjans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu eys que suel sonar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Totz pros hom issernitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Estauc tant esbaitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que no m sai cosselhar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' en luec de solassar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aug en las cortz los critz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' aitan leu s' es grazitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De lans e de bramar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo comtes entre lor cum us bos chans </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels ricx afars e dels temps e dels ans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas a cor afrancar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que s' es trop endurzitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non deu hom los oblitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni 'ls viels faitz remembrar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que mal es a laissar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Afar pus es plevitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l mal don sui guaritz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No m qual ja mezinar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas so qu' om ve, volv e vir en balans,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E prenda e lais e forss' e dams los pans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' aitan me puesc vanar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' anc mos ostaus petitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No fon d' els envazitz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sels cui aug totz duptar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Anc no fetz mas honrar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los volpils mal arditz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Doncs mos senher chauzitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si deuria pensar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que non l' es ges pretz ni laus ni bobans </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu que m laus d' el sia de lui clamans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Eras non plus per que no m' o demans,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que blasmes er, si vau d' aissi clamans,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">So di 'l Dalphins que conois los bons chans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Giraud de Borneil.</span></p><p><br /></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXI.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus chai la fuelha del garric</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Farai un guai sonet novelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que trametrai part Mongibel</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al marques qu' el sobrenom gic</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De Monferrat, e pren selh de sa maire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et a laissat so que conquis son paire;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mal resembla lo filh Robert Guiscart</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' Antiocha conques e Mongizart.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Marques, li monges de Clunhic</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vuelh que fasson de vos capdel,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">O siatz abbas de Cystelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus lo cor avetz tan mendic,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que mais amatz dos buous et un araire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A Monferrat qu' alhors estr' emperaire;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ben pot hom dir qu' ancmais filhs de lhaupart </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No s mes en crotz a guiza de raynart.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Gran gaug agron tug vostr' amic</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quant agues laissada la pel</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don folretz la capa e 'l mantelh;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar tug cuideron estre ric</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Silh que per vos son liurat a maltraire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que son tondut et an paor del raire:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quascus aten socors de vostra part;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si no y venetz, qui dol y a, si 'l guart.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Marques, li baron vair' e pic</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">An contra cel trait un cairel</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que lor tornara sus capel;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E de l' emperador Enric</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vos dic aitan que ben sembla 'l rey Daire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que sos baros gitet de lor repaire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dont elh ac pueys de morir gran reguart; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas mantas vetz qui s cuida calfar s' art.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo regisme de Salonic,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ses peirier e ses manguanel,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pogratz aver, e man castel</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' autres, qu' ieu no mentau ni dic;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per dieu, marques, Rotlan dis e sos fraire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E Guis marques e Rainaut lur cofraire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Flamenc, Frances, Burgonhos e Lombart</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Van tug dizen que vos semblatz bastart.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vostr' ancessor, so aug dir e retraire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Foron tug pros, mas vos non soven guaire;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si 'l revenir non prendetz geynh et art, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De vostr' onor perdretz lo tertz e 'l quart.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Elias Cairels.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Belha m' es la flors d' aguilen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quant aug del fin joy la doussor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que fan l' auzelh novelhamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pel temps qu' es tornat en verdor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E son de flors cubert li reynh</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Gruec e vermelh e vert e blau.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De molherat ges no m' es gen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que s fasson drut ni amador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ab las autruis van aprenden</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Engienhs ab que gardon las lor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas selh per que hom las destrenh</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Port' al braguier la contraclau.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vilas cortes hi eis de son sen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E molherat dompneiador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E l' azes quan brama eyssamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum fai lebriers ab son senhor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas ieu no cre pros dompna denh</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Far drut molherat gelos brau.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Molherat fan captenemen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De veziat enguanador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que l' autruy pan guasta e despen, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E l' sieu met en luec salvador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas selh a cuy grans fams en prenh</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Manja lo pan que non l' abau.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Maritz que marit vay sufren</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Deu tastar d' atretal sabor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que car deu comprar qui car ven;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l gelos met li guardador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueys li laissa sa molher prenh</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' un Girbaudo filh de Girbau.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' aqui naisson li recrezen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Q' us non ama pretz ni valor:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ai! cum an abaissat joven</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tornat en tan gran error!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sest ama l' aver e l' estrenh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Li folh e 'l gars son naturau.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sancta Maria, en Orien</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Guiza 'l rey e l' emperador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E faitz lor far ab la lor gen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo servizi nostre senhor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que 'lh Turc conosco l' entressenh</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que dieus pres per nos mort carnau.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aissi vay lo vers definen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ieu que no 'l puesc far lonjor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el mals mi ten e lo turmen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que m' a mes en tan gran languor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu no suy drutz, ni drutz no m fenh, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni nulhs joys d' amor no m' esjau.</span></p><p><br /></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dieus, que nasques en Betlehen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tu los capdela e 'ls acor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que per lo nostre salvamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Prezes en cros mort e dolor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vers dieus, vers hom, vai m' accoren,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Trinus unus n' aor e 'n lau.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non er mais drutz, ni drutz no s fenh</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los pitars, ni joys non l' esjau.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre d' Auvergne.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXIII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Chantarai d' aquetz trobadors</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que chantan de manhtas colors;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El sordeyor cuida dir gen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas a chantar lor er alhors;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' entremetre n' aug cent pastors</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Q' us no sap que i s monta o i s dissen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' aisso m' er mal Peire Rogiers,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que n' er encolpatz premiers,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar chanta d' amor a presen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E covengra 'l mielhs un sautiers</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En la gleisa, o us candeliers</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Portar ab gran candela arden.</span></p><p><br /></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El segonz Guirautz de Bornelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que sembla drap sec al solelh</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab son magre chantar dolen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' es chans de vielha portaselh;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si s mirava en espelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No s prezaria un aguilen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El tertz Bernatz del Ventadorn</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' es menres d' En Bornelh un dorn;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas en son paire ac bon sirven</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per trair' ab arc manal d' alborn;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sa maire calfava 'l forn,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et amassava l' issermen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El quartz de Briva 'l Lemozis,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Us joglaretz pus prezentis</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que sia tro en Benaven;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E semblaria us pelegris</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Malautes, quan chanta 'l mesquis,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' a pauc pietatz no m' en pren.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En Guillems de Ribas lo quins</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' es malvatz defors e dedins,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dis totz sos vers raucamen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' ieu non pres ren sos retins, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' atrestan s' en faria us chins;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dels huelhs sembla vout d' argen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El seizes N Elias Gausmars</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' es cavayers e s fai joglars;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fai o mal qui lo y cossen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni 'l dona vestirs belhs ni cars,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' aitan valria 'ls agues ars</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' en joglaritz, s' en son ja cen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E Peire Bermon se baysset,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus qu' el coms de Toloza 'l det,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' anc no soanet d' avinen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que fon cortes qui 'l raubet,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fe o mal, quar no 'l talhet</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aquo que hom porta penden.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' ochen es Bernatz de Sayssac </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' anc negun bon mestier non ac </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas d' anar menutz dons queren; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que despueys no 'l prezei un brac </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus a 'N Bertran de Cardalhac </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Queri un mantelh suzolen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El noves es En Raymbautz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que s fai per son trobar trop bautz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas ieu lo torni a nien,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que non es alegres ni cautz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ieu pres trop mais los pipautz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que van las almornas queren.</span></p><p><br /></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En Ebles de Sancha 'l dezes</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A cuy anc d' amor non venc bes,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sitot se canta de Coyden;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vilanetz es e fals pages,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E ditz hom que per dos poges</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sai si logua e lai si ven.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E l' onzes Guossalbo Rozitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que s fai de son chan trop formitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tan qu' en cavallairia s fen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et anc no fon tan ben guarnitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que per elh fos dos colps feritz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si doncs no 'l trobet en fugen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El dozes us petitz Lombartz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que clama sos vezins coartz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas elh es d' aquelh eys parven;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per q' us sonetz fai gualiartz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab motz amaribotz bastartz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E luy apellon Cossezen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Peire d' Alvernhe a tal votz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que chanta cum granolh' en potz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E lauza s trop a tota gen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pero maiestres es de totz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab q' un pauc esclarzis sos motz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' a penas nulhs hom los enten.</span></p><p><br /></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo vers fo faitz als enflabotz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A Poivert tot jogan, rizen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre d' Auvergne.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXIV.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus mos coratge s' esclarzis</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per selh joy dont ieu suy jauzens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vey qu' amors part e chauzis,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' ieu n' esper estrenamens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ben dey tot mon chant esmerar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' om re no mi puesca falsar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que per pauc es hom desmentitz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Selh en cui sest' amors cauzis</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Joves, cortes e sapiens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E selh cui refuda delis</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E met a totz destruzemens;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar qui fin' amor vol blasmar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Elha 'l fai si en folh muzar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que per art cuida esser peritz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">So son fals jutges raubador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fals molheratz e jurador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Homicidi e lauzengier,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lengu' a loguat, creba mostier,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et aissellas putas ardens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui son d' autrui maritz cossens; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cyst auran guazanh ifernau.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Homicidi e traidor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Simoniaix, encantador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Luxurios e renovier</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que vivon d' enoios mestier,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E cill que fan faitilhamens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E las faitileiras pudens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Seran el fuec arden engau.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ebriaicx et escogossatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fals preveires e fals abatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Falsas reclusas, fals reclus</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lai penaran, dis Marcabrus,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tuit li fals y an luec pres,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car fin' amors o a promes,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lai er dols dels dezesperatz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ay! fin' amors, fons de bontatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar tot lo mon enlumenatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Merce ti clam, lai no m' acus</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Em defendas, qu' ieu lai non us,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' en totz luecx me tenh per ton pres,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per ton lairon en totas res;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per tu esper estre guidatz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mon cor per aquest vers destrenh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar mi plus qu' els autres reprenh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que qui autrui vol encolpar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dregs es que si sacha guardar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que no sia dels crims techitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De que lieys encolpa e ditz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueis poira segur castiar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pero si er asatz cauzitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sel que ben sap dire e 'l ditz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que pot si se vol remembrar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Marcabrus.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXV.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Auiatz de chan com enans se meillura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E Marcabrus, segon s' entensa pura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sap la razo e 'l vers lassar e faire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si que autr' om no l' en pot un mot traire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pero sospir, quar mouta gens abura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De malvestat, c' ades creis e peiura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' aquist baro an comensat estraire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E passat per un pertuis de taraire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Li sordeior an del dar l' aventura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E li meillor badon ves la penchura;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La retraissos fai trist e sospiraire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' a rebuzos fant li ric lur affaire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No i a conort en joven mas trop surra,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni contra mort ressort ni cobertura;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ist acrupit l' an gitat de son aire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E de cami per colpa de la maire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui per aver per vergonh' e mezura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E giet honor e valor a non cura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Segon faisson es del semblan confraire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A l' erisson et al goz et al laire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Proeza franh e avoleza mura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E no vol joi cuillir dins sa clauzura;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dreitz ni razo no i vei mais tener guaire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quan per aver es un gartz emperaire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Coms de Peiteus, vostre pretz s' asegura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et a 'N Anfos de sai, si gaire ill dura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lai Avignon e Proensa e Belcaire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De meils per sieu no fes Tolzan son paire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S' aquest N' Anfos far contenensa pura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni envas mi fai semblan de frachura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sai vas Leo en sai un de bon aire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Franc de sazo, cortes e larc donaire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De malvestat los gart sanct' escriptura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que no lur fassa c' a floquet ni peintura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sel qu' es e fo regom, recx e salvaire;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La sospeiso del rei 'n Anfos m' esclaire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Marcabrus.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXVI.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Belh m' es quan vey pels vergiers e pels pratz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tendas e traps, e vey cavals armatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vey talar ortz e vinhas e blatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vey gienhs traire, e murs enderrocatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et aug trompas e grans colps dels nafratz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E mal lur grat meto 'ls en las postatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aital guerra m' agrada mais que patz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non tals treguas ont hom si' enganatz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tot aisso dic per l' Enfant d' Arago;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E deu aver nom Enfant per razo,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar leu s' ave qu' enfans fa fallizo,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et elh falhi quant aucis son baro</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Raymon Guillem, qu' anc treguas no 'l tenc pro,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni en sa cort jutjamens datz no 'l fo;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que totz selhs a cuy elh treguas do</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Devon duptar aquelh enfant fello.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Treguas trencar escien esta lag</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E quant a fe no s' emenda 'l forfag;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que l' enfant a fag un sol assag,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ab un mal sag qu' als Catalas a fag,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dizon tug qu' om de selhs treguas gag,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qu' el son cors y fo mes en fol plag;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' a filh de rey esta mal atrazag,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quant ampara nulh offici de sag.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En aissi par qu' el sag no fon certas,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar n' a lauzor d' aul gent e de vilas</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E gran blasme de totz los sobiras;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si d' est sag no s clamon Catalas,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Hom los tenra totz per flacx e per vas,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E plus suffrens que negus hermitas;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E meta hi quascus per si sas mas,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ostenra pus que rabia de cas.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al vescomte de Cardona despley</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mon sirventes, ans que alhors desrey,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que mai vol pretz que laire pres mercey,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar en valor se banha, don ieu crey</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que pro a pretz, qui s vuelha so plaidey,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tot vescomte qui n' a egal d' un rey.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A gran poestat esta mal, fe que us dey, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que trenc treguas ni que tan lag desrey,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar de guerra no s pot honrar lo rey,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Trencan treguas, o vol tornar so crey.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Bernard de Rovenac.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXVII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No m laissarai per paor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' un sirventes non labor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En servizi dels fals clergatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E quant sera laboratz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Conoisseran li plusor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' engan e la fellonia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que mov de falsa clerzia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que lai on an mais forsa ni poder</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fan plus de mal e plus de desplazer.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aquist fals prezicador</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">An mes lo segl' en error,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' il fan los mortals peccatz:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pois cill cui an prezicatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fan so que ven far a lor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tuit segon orba via;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Doncs si l' uns orbs l' autre guia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non van amdui en la fossa cazer?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si fan, so dis dieus, qu' ie 'n sai ben lo ver.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vers es que notre pastor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Son tornat lop raubador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' il rauban deves totz latz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E mostran semblan de patz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E confortan ab doussor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los oveillas noit e dia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pois quant las an en bailia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ill las fan morir e dechazer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ist fals pastor, don eu m' en desesper.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pois fan autre desonor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al segle, et a dieu maior;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que s' uns d' els ab femna jatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lendeman tot orrejatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tenra 'l cors notre seignor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es mortals eretgia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que nuls preire no deuria</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab sa putan orrejar aquel ser</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que lendeman deia 'l cors dieu tener.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si vos en faitz clamor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Seran vos encusador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E seretz n' escumeniatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni, s' aver non lor donatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab els non auretz amor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni amistat ni paria.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vergena, sancta Maria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Domna, si us platz, laissatz me 'l jorn vezer </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' els puosca pauc doptar e mens temer!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vai sirventes, ten ta via,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E di m' a falsa clerzia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' aicel es mortz qui s met en son poder; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' a Tolosa en sab hom ben lo ver.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Guillaume Figueiras.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXVIII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sirventes vuelh far</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En est son que m' agensa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No 'l vuelh plus tarzar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni far longu' atendensa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sai, ses duptar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' en aurai malvolensa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car fauc sirventes</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels fals d' enjans ples,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De Roma que es</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Caps de la dechasensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On dechai totz bes.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No m meravilh ges,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, si la gens erra,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el segl' avetz mes</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En trebalh et en guerra,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car pretz e merces</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mor per vos e sosterra:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma enganairitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' etz de totz mals guitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sims e razitz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo bon reys d' Anglaterra</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fon per vos trahitz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma trichairitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cobeitatz vos engana,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' a vostras berbitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tondetz trop la lana;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas sayns Esperitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que receup carn humana</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Entenda mos precx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E franha tos becx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, e no m' en precx, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar yest falsa e trefana </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vas nos e vas Grecx.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Rom', als homes pecx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Rozetz la carn e l' ossa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E guidatz los secx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab vos ins en la fossa;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Trop passatz los decx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De dieu, quar es tan grossa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vostra cobeitatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar vos perdonatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per deniers peccatz; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De trop mala trasdossa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, vos cargatz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, be sapchatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que vostr' avols barata</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vostra foldatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fetz perdre Damiata.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Malamen renhatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, dieus vos abata</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En dechazemen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar tan falsamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Renhatz per argen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, de mal' escata</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Es ab fals coven.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, veramen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sabem senes duptansa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ab gualiamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De falsa perdonansa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Liuretz a turmen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo barnatge de Fransa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La gent de Paris;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l bon rey Loys</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per vos fon aucis,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ab falsa prezicansa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">'L gitetz del pays.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Rom', als Sarrazis </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Faitz petit de dampnatge,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas Grecx e Latis </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Geratz a carnalatge: </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ins el foc d' abis,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, avetz vostr' estatge</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'n perdicio;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas ja dieus no m do,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, del perdo</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni del pellegrinatge</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que fetz d' Avinho.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, ses razo</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Avetz manta gent morta,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E ges no m sap bo</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar tenetz via torta,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' a salvatio,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, serratz la porta;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' a mal govern</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' estiu e d' ivern</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui sec vostr' estern,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el diables l' enporta</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ins el foc d' ifern.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, ben dessern</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los mals qu' om ne pot dire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar faitz per esquern</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels crestias martire;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas en qual cazern</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Trobatz qu' om dey' aucire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, 'ls crestias?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vers dieus e vers pas</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vers cotidias</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Me don so qu' ieu dezire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vezer dels Romas.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, vers es plas</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que trop etz angoissoza</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels prezicx trefas</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que faitz sobre Toloza;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lag rozetz las mas</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A ley de cer rabioza</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Als paucs et als grans:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas si 'l coms prezans</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Viu encar dos ans,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fransa n' er doloirosa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels vostres enjans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, tant es grans </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La vostra forfaitura, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que dieus e sos sans </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En gitatz a non cura, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant etz mal renhans, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma falsa e tafura;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' en vos s' escon </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E s baissa es cofon </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' enguan d' aquest mon, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant faitz gran desmezura </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al comte Ramon!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, dieus l' aon, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l don poder e forsa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al comte que ton</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los Frances e 'ls escorsa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'ls pen e 'n fai pon,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quant ab luy fan comorsa;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et a mi plai fort,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, dieus recort</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Li vostre gran tort,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si 'l plai, qu' el coms n' estorsa </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De vos e de mort.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, be m conort,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' abans que trigue guaire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Venretz a mal port,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si l' adreitz emperaire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Endressa sa sort,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fai so que deu faire:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, ieu dic ver,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que vostre poder</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Veyretz dechazer,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dieus, del mon salvaire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lais m' o tost vezer!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, per aver </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Faitz manta fellonia, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E mant desplazer, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E manta vilania;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tan voletz aver</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del mon la senhoria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que res non temetz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dieu ni sos devetz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ans vei que fairetz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mais qu' ieu dir non poiria</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De mal per un detz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, tan tenetz </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Estreg la vostra grapa </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que so que podetz </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tener, greu vos escapa; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si 'n breu non perdetz </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Poder, a mala trapa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Es lo mon cazutz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E mortz e vencutz. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, la vostra papa </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fai aitals vertutz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, selh qu' es lutz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del mon e vera vida</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vera salutz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vos don mal' escarida,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar tans mals saubutz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Faitz, don tot lo mons crida.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma desleyals,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Razitz de totz mals,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Els focs yfernals</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ardretz, senes falida,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si non pessatz d' als.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, als cardenals</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vos pot hom ben rependre</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per los criminals</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Peccatz que fan entendre; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E non pensan d' als</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas cum puoscan revendre</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dieu e sos amicx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E no y val casticx.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, grans fasticx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Es d' auzir e d' entendre</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los vostres prezicx.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, ieu suy enicx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar vostre poders monta</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E quar grans destricx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Totz ab vos nos afronta</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar vos etz abricx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E capdelhs de gran anta</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E de dezonor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vostre pastor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Son fals e trachor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, e qui 'ls acointa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fai trop gran folhor.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, mal labor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fa 'l papa, quar tensona</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab l' emperador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni 'l dreg de la corona</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Li met en error,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' a sos guerriers perdona,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et aitals perdos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui non siec razos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, non es bos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ans qui 'l ver en razona</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Es trop vergonhos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, 'l glorios</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que sufri mort e pena</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En la crotz per nos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vos don la mala estrenha;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar totas sazos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Portatz la borsa plena,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, d' avol for;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar tot vostre cor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Avetz en tezor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don cobeitatz vos mena</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El foc que non mor.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, del mal cor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que portatz en la gola</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nais lo sucx don mor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo mons e s' estragola</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab dossor del cor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' el savis tremola,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar conois e ve</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo mortal vere,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E de lai on ve,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, del cor vos cola</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don li pietz son ple.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, ben ancse</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A hom auzit retraire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el cap sem vos te,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' el faitz soven raire;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que cug e cre</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ops vos auria traire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, del cervel;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar de mal capel</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Etz vos e Cystelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' a Bezers fezetz faire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mout estranh mazelh.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Rom', ab fals sembelh </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tendetz vostra tezura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E man mal morselh</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Manjatz, qui que l' endura;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car' avetz d' anhelh</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab simpla guardadura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dedins lop rabat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Serpent coronat</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De vibra engenrat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' el diable us apella</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Com al sieu privat.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Guillaume Figueiras.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXIX.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Greu m' es a durar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar aug tal descrezensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dir ni semenar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E no m platz ni m' agensa;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' om non deu amar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui fai desmantenensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A so don totz bes</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ven e nais et es</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Salvamens e fes;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' ieu farai parvensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En semblan que m pes.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No us meravilhes</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Negus, si eu muov guerra</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab fals mal apres</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' a son poder soterra</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Totz bos faitz cortes,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'ls encauss' e 'ls enserra:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Trop se fenh arditz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar de Roma ditz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mal, qu' es caps e guitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De totz selhs qu' en terra</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">An bos esperitz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En Roma es complitz </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Totz bes, e qui 'ls li pana</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sos sens l' es falhitz; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar si meteys enguana, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' elh n' er sebellitz, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don perdra sa ufana: </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dieus auia mos precx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que selhs qu' an mals becx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Joves e senecx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Contra la ley romana,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Caion dels bavecx.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, selhs per pecx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tenc totz e per gent grossa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per orbs e per secx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que lur carns e lur ossa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cargon d' avols decx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don caion en la fossa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On lur es sermatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pudens focx malvatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don mais desliatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No seran del trasdossa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' an de lurs peccatz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, ges no m platz </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' avols hom vos combata;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels bos avetz patz, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Q' usquecx ab vos s' aflata: </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels fols lurs foldatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fes perdre Damiata;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas li vostre sen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fan sels ses conten</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Caytiu e dolen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que contra vos deslata,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni regna greumen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, veramen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sai e cre ses duptansa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' a ver salvamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aduretz tota Fransa;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Oc, e l' autra gen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que us vol far ajudansa.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas so que Merlis</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Prophetizan dis</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del bon rey Loys</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que morira en pansa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ara s' esclarzis.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Piegz de Sarrazis</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E de pus fals coratge,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Heretiers mesquis</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Son qui vol lur estatge;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ins el foc d' abis,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vay en loc de salvatge,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En dampnatio, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar selhs d' Avinho </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Baysses, don m' es bo, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, lo mal pezatge, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don grans merces fo.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, per razo</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Avetz manta destorta</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dressad' a bando;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et uberta la porta</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De salvatio</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don era la claus torta,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que ab bon govern</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Bayssatz folh esquern;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui sec vostr' estern,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' angel Michel lo 'n porta,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l garda d' ifern.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' estiu e l' yvern</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Deu hom ses contradire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, lo cazern</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Legir, si que no s vire;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E quan ve l' esquern</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum Iehus pres martire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Albir se lo cas</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si 's bos crestias;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S' adoncx non a cossire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Totz es fols e vas.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, los trefas</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sa leys sospechoza</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Als fols gigz vilas,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que fos de Tolosa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On d' enjans certas</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non es doncx vergonhoza,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni ans de dos ans;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas si 'l coms prezans</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cove qu' els engans</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lays e la fe duptoza,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E restaur' els dans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, lo reys grans</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' es senhers de dreytura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Als falses Tolzans</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don gran mal' aventura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar tot a sos mans</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fan tan gran desmezura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Q' usquecx lo rescon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E torbon est mon:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'lh comte Raymon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S' ab elhs plus s' asegura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No 'l tenray per bon.</span></p><p><br /></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, be s cofon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E val li pauc sa forsa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui contra vos gron,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni bast castelh ni forsa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar en tan aut mon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No s met ni no s' amorsa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que dieus non recort</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Son erguelh e 'l tort</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don pert tota s' escorsa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E pren dobla mort.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, be m conort,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el coms ni l' emperaire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueys que son destort</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De vos, no valon gayre;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar lur folh deport</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E lur malvat veiaire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los fatz totz cazer,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A vostre plazer,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Q' us no s pot tener;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sitot s' es guerreiayre,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non li val poder.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, ieu esper </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que vostra senhoria</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E Fransa, per ver, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cuy no platz mala via, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fassa dechazer </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' erguelh e l' eretgia, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fals heretges quetz </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que non temon vetz, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni cre als secretz; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tan son ples de feunia </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E de mals pessetz!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, be sabetz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que fort greu lur escapa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui au lor decretz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aissi tendon lur trapa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab falces trudetz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab que quascus s' arrapa;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Totz son sortz e mutz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el lur tolh salutz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don quecx es perdutz, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ilh n' an capel o capa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E remanon nutz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Clauzis e sauputz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Naysson, senes falhida,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Crematz o perdutz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que lur malvada vida</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' anc negus vertutz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No fe, ni ges auzida,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non avem sivals,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si fos leyals</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lur vida mortals,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dieus crey l' agra eyssauzida;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas non es cabals.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui vol esser sals</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ades deu la crotz penre</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per heretiers fals</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dechazer e mespenre;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el celestials</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Hi venc son bras estendre,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tot per sos amicx;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E pus tals destricx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pres, ben es enicx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Selh que no 'l vol entendre </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni creyr' als chasticx.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, si pus gicx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Renhar selhs que us fan anta</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al Sant Esperitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quant hom lor o aconta,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tan son fols mendicx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Q' us ab ver no s' afronta,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No y auras honor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, li trachor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Son tan ples d' error</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' on plus pot quascus monta</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quecx jorn sa follor.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, folh labor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fa qui ab vos tensona;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De l' emperador</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dic, s' ab vos no s' adona,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' en gran deshonor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ne venra sa corona,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sera razos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas pero ab vos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Leu troba perdos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui gen sos tortz razona,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni n' es angoissos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, 'l glorios</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que a la Magdalena</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Perdonet, don nos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Esperan bona estrena;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo fols rabios</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tans ditz fals semena,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fassa d' aital for</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Elh e son thezor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E son malvat cor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum heretiers mor.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Germonde, dame de Montpellier.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXX.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ieu ai ja vista manhta rey</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don anc no fis semblan que vis,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ai ab tal joguat e ris</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don anc guaire no m' azautey;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ai servit a manht hom pro</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don anc no cobrey guazardo;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et a manh nesci, ab fol parlar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ai ja vist trop ben son pro far.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ai ja vist per avol drut</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A domna 'l marit dezamar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et a manh nesci acaptar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Plus qu' a un franc aperceubut,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E per domnas ai ja vist ieu</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A manht hom despendre lo sieu;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ai ne vist amat ses dar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E mal volgut ab molt donar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ieu ai vist donas demandar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab plazers et ab honramens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueys venia us desconoyssens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Abrivatz de nesci parlar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' en avia la mielher part.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Esguardatz si son de mal art!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Manthas n' i a qu' els plus savays</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Acuelhon mielhs en totz lurs plays.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ieu ai vist en domnas ponhar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' ensenhatz e de ben apres,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l nescis avinen nemes</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el plus savis ab gen preyar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ai vist nozer chauzimens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A trops valer ab trichamens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que val mais, a mos entens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En luec foudatz que sobriers sens.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A domn' ai vist hom encolpar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De so que no meria mal,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E que so laissavon de tal</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On se pogron a dreg clamar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ai ja tal ren esguardat</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On n' er en ren mon cor virat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que m' an fait mos rics volers</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Manthas vetz dons e desplazers.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Guillaume Adhémar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXI.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui se membra del segle qu' es passatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Com hom lo vi de totz bos faitz plazen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni com hom ve malvais e recrezen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aquel d' aras, ni com er restauratz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non er per cel qui venra plus malvatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Totz hom viura ab gran dolor membran</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cals es ni fo ni er d' aissi enan.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas non es dreitz c' om valens ni prezatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Se recreza per aital membramen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ans taing s' esfortz tot jorn plus vivamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' om sufra 'l fais de pretz qu' es mesprezatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car cel n' a mais que plus fort n' es cargatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E car es dreitz s' esforso ill prezan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De ben, on plus l' avol s' en van laisan.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En plus greu point non pot nuillz esser natz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Com cel que pert dieu e 'l segl' eissamen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tot aital son li trist malvatz manen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' an mes a mort domnei, joi e solatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tan los destreing non fes e cobeitatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' onor e pretz en meton en soan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dieu e 'l mon en geten a lor dan.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ai! com pot tan esser desvergoignatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nuls hom gentils que an' enbastarden</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Son lignatge per aur ni per argen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que l' avers vai leumens e la rictatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l vida es breus, e la mortz ven viatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per c' om degra leialmen viure aman,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Deu retener del mon grat gen regnan.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels maiors mov tota la malvestatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E pois apres de gra en gra deissen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tro als menors, per que torn en nien</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fins jois e pretz, e qui vol pretz ni 'l platz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pot l' aver leu, car tan n' es granz mercatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que per cinc solz n' a hom la peza e 'l pan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si 'l tenon vil li ric malvatz truan.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Na Gradiva, qui que estei malvatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per vos n' azir malvestat et enjan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et am valor e joi e pretz e chan.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al rei tramet mon sirventes viatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cel d' Aragon, qu' el fais lo plus pesan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sosten de pretz, per qu' el ten entre man.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Sordel.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo segle m' es camjatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tan fort, don suy iratz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' a penas sai que m dia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu suelh esser uzatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De chans e de solatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E de cavalairia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mesclat ab cortezia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E so per qu' om valia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Era ma voluntatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et en ditz et en fatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et en tot quan podia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E las domnas vezia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Selhas cuy valor tria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab lur plazens beutatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don era conortatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De gran joy qu' en avia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E trac en garentia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Amor que mi movia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del tot m' era donatz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A so que valor platz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l segles m' o sufria.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aras tem que blasmatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En fos e condampnatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S' ieu res d' aisso fazia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del tot mi suy viratz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Totz enicx e forsatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A so que no m plai mia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que me coven de platz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pensar e d' avocatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per far libelhs tot dia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E pueys esgart la via</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si nulh corrieu veiria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ilh venon daus totz latz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Polsos et escuyssatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que la cortz los m' envia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si dizon folhia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Blasmar non l' auzaria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueys me dizon: Puiatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En cort e demandatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La pena s' escieuria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' om no us perdonaria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si 'l jorn en vos falia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Veus a que suy tornatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Senhors, ar esgardatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si sui be a la lhia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu am trop mais lo glatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No fas las flors dels pratz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que no sai on me sia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Senhors, a dieu siatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar hom que viu iratz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Val meyns que si moria;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' al rey Castellan platz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' es sobre totz honratz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu tengua lai ma via,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' en elh m' er restauratz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Joys e chans e solatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' alhors no m revenria.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Bertrand d' Alamanon.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXIII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per lo mon fan l' us dels autres rancura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Li clerc dels laicx, e 'l laic d' elhs eissamen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E li poble s planhon de desmezura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De lors senhors, e 'l senhors d' elhs soen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aissi es ples lo mons de mal talen:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas er venon sai deves Orien</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Li Tartari, si dieus non o defen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' els faran totz estar d' una mensura.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per manh forfag e per mantha laidura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' an fag e fan clerc e laic malamen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Venra, si ven esta dezaventura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A crestias, s' a dieu merce non pren,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que fass' al papa metr' atempramen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En so don an li clerc e 'l laic conten;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar si 'lh los fai ben d' un acordamen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non lor pot pueys nozer nulh' aventura.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A! per que vol clercx belha vestidura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni per que vol viure tan ricamen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni per que vol belha cavalgadura?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el sap que dieus volc viure paubramen:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni per que vol tan l' autrui ni enten?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el sap que tot quan met ni quan despen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Part son manjar e son vestir vilmen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tolh als paubres, si non men l' Escriptura.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Els grans senhors per que no y s prendon cura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que no fasson tort, ni forson la gen?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu non tenc ges per menor forfaitura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' om fors' els sieus cum quan l' autrui dreg pren;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ans es mager, quar falhis doblamen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar so de se ni d' autrui non defen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A son poder los sieus, adrechamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Falh en dreg lor tan qu' en pert sa drechura.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas totz pobles a de bon sen frachura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' a son senhor fassa en re falhimen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar totz hom deu amar d' amistat pura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Son bon senhor e servir leyalmen:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A senhor tanh qu' am los sieus bonamen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que lialtatz lor ne fai mandamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que l' us ame l' autre tan coralmen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que no s puesca entr' els metre falsura.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Reys Castellas, l' emperis vos aten;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas sai dizon, senher, qu' atendemen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fai de Breto, per que s mov grans rancura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que d' aut rey tanh, quant un gran fag enpren,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el tragu' a cap o 'n segua s' aventura.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Guillaume de Montagnagout.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXIV.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del tot vey remaner valor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' om no s n' entremet sai ni lay,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni non penson de nulh ben say,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni an lur cor mas en l' aor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E meron mal clercx e prezicador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar devedon so qu' a els no s cove,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que hom per pretz non do ni fassa be;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et hom que pretz ni do met en soan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ges de bon loc no 'l mov al mieu semblan.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar dieus vol pretz e vol lauzor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dieus fo vers hom, qu' ieu o say;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et hom que vas dieu res desfay,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dieus l' a fait aitan d' onor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' al sieu semblan l' a fait ric e maior,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E pres de si mais de neguna re;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Doncx ben es folhs totz homs que car no s te,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E que fassa en aquest segle tan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que sai e lai n' aya grat on que s n' an.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ar se son faitz enqueredor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E jutjon aissi com lur play;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pero l' enquerre no m desplay,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ans me plai que casson error,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qu' ab belhs digz plazentiers ses yror</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Torno 'ls erratz desviatz en la fe,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qui s penet que truep bona merce;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et en aissi menon dreg lo gazan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tort ni dreg no y perdan so que y an.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Enquers dizon mais de folhor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' aurfres a dompnas non s' eschay,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pero si dompna piegz no fay</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni 'n leva erguelh ni ricor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per gen tener no pert dieu ni s' amor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni ja nulhs homs, si 'lh estiers be s capte,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per gen tener ab dieu no s dezave;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ne ylh per draps negres ni per floc blan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No conquerran ja dieu, s' al re no y fan.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tug laisson per nostre senhor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nostre clercx, lo segle savay,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E no pessan mas quan de lay</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aissi 'ls guart dieus de dezonor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum elhs non an ni erguelh ni ricor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni cobeytatz no 'ls enguana ni 'ls te,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni volon re de so belh que hom ve;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Res no volon, pero ab tot s' en van;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueys prezon pauc qui que s' i aia dan.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sirventes, vay al pros comte dese</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De Toloza, membre 'l que fag li an,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E guart se d' elhs d' esta hora enan.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Guillaume de Montagnagout.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXV.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Un sirventes fas en luec de jurar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E chantarai, per mal e per feunia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De malvestat que vey sobremontar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E decazer valor e cortezia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu vey als fals los fis amonestar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et als lairos los lials prezicar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'ls desviatz mostron als justz la via.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Enguanatz es en son nesci cuiar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Folhs qui cuia que enjans e bauzia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fassa son don decazer e mermar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Enans los sors e 'ls creys e 'ls multiplia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Meravilh me cum totz no van raubar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus malvestat ama hom e ten car,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E lialtat ten hom a fantaumia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Glotz emperier no vol vezer son par,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E li clerc an aquelha glotonia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' en tot lo mon no volrion trobar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Home mas els que tengues senhoria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' els feyron leys per terras guazanhar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum poguesson creysser e non mermar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ades fai pron un petit de baylia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab totas mas vey clergues assajar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que totz lo mons er lurs, cuy que mal sia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar els l' auran ab tolre o ab dar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">O ab perdon, o ab ypocrizia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">O ab asout, o ab beur', o ab manjar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">O ab prezicx, o ab peiras lansar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">O els ab dieu, o els ab diablia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En Gostia, diguatz m' a 'N Azemar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si defendre si vol de la clercia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Miels qu' en lur fag si guart en lur parlar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">O si que non en bada s' armaria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' els trazon so don hom no s pot guardar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que quant autres fan enguanas farguar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et elhs enguans per maior maystria.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non aus dire so que elhs auzon far,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas anc rascas non amet penchenar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni elhs home qui lur dan lur castia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre Cardinal.</span></p><p><br /></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXVI.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Falsedatz e desmezura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">An batalha empreza</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab vertat et ab dreytura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vens la falseza;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E deslialtatz si jura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Contra lialeza;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et avaretatz s' atura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Encontra largueza:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Feunia vens amor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E malvestatz honor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E peccatz cassa sanctor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E baratz simpleza.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si es hom que dieu descreza,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sos afars enansa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab que non aia grineza</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas d' emplir sa pansa:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A cui platz dreitz e tortz peza</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Soven a grevansa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qui s' enten en sancteza</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tray greu malanansa;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et an l' enguanador</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De lur afar honor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas li mal entendedor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Jutjon per semblansa.</span></p><p><br /></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aras es vengut de Fransa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que hom non somona</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas selhs que an aondansa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De vin e d' anona,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qu' om non aia coindansa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab paupra persona,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et aia mais de bobansa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aquelh que meyns dona,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qu' om fassa maior</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' un gran trafeguador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qu' om leve lo trachor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l just dezapona.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Coms Raymon, ducx de Narbona,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Marques de Proensa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vostra valors es tan bona</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tot lo mon gensa;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar de la mar de Bayona</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Entro a Valensa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Agra gent falsa e fellona</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lai ab viltenensa;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas vos tenetz vil lor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que Frances bevedor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Plus que perditz ad austor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No vos fan temensa.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ben volon obediensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Selhs de la clercia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E volon ben la crezensa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sol l' obra no y sia:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Greu lur veyretz far falhensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas la nueg e 'l dia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E no porton malvolensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni fan symonia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E son larc donador</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E just amassador;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas li autres n' an lauzor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ilh la folhia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No sai dire l' error</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del segle fals traytor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que fai de blasme lauzor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E de sen folhia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dieu prec per sa doussor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que ns gar d' enfernal dolor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E ilh verge Maria.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre Cardinal.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXVII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ricx hom que greu ditz vertat e leu men,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E greu vol patz e leu mov ochaizo,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dona greu e leu vol qu' om li do,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E greu fai be e leu destrui la gen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E greu es pros e leu es mals als bos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E greu es francx e leu es orgulhos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E greu es larcx e leu tol e greu ren,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Deu cazer leu d' aut luec en bas estatge.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De tals en sai que pisson a prezen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et al beure rescondo s dins maizo;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et al manjar no queron companho,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et al talhar queron en mais de cen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et a l' ostal son caitiu e renos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et a tort far son ric e poderos;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et al donar son de caitiu prezen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et al tolre fortz e de gran coratge.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Malditz es hom qui 'l ben laissa e 'l mal pren;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'ls ricx an pres enguan e tracio,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et an laissat condug e messio;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et an pres dan e gran destruzimen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et an laissat lays e vers e chansos;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et an pres plaitz, e novas e tensos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et an laissat amor e pretz valen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et an pres mal voler e far outratge.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aissi cum son maior an meyns de sen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab mais de tort et ab meyns de razo,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab mais de dan tener, ab meyns de pro,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab mais d' orguelh, ab meyns de cauzimen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab mais de tolre et ab meyns de bels dos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab mais de mals, ab meyns de bels respos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab mais d' enueg, ab meyns d' ensenhamen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab mais d' enguan, ab meyns de bon coratge.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ara diguatz, senhors, al vostre sen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De dos barons qual a maior razo,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quan l' un dels dos pot dar e tolre no,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' autre pot tolr' e dar no pot nien:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ar diran tug que dars val per un dos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E veyretz los tolre totas sazos;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A que far doncx van emblan ni tolen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus lo donars a dos tans d' avantatge?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mos chantars es enueg als enoios</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et als plazens plazers; cui platz razos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tug li dig son enoios e plazen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">So qu' als us platz als autres es salvatge.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre Cardinal.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXVIII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Li clerc si fan pastor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E son aucizedor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E semblan de sanctor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quan los vey revestir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E pren m' a sovenir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">d' En Alengri q' un dia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Volc ad un parc venir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas, pels cas que temia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pelh de moton vestic,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab que los escarnic;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueys manjet e trahic</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Selhas que l' abellic.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Rey et emperador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Duc, comte e comtor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E cavallier ab lor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Solon lo mon regir;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aras vey possezir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A clercx la senhoria</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab tolre et ab trazir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ab ypocrizia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab forsa et ab prezic,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tenon s' a fastic</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui tot non lor o gic, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et er fag quan que tric.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aissi cum son maior,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Son ab mens de valor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ab mais de follor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ab mens de ver dir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ab mais de mentir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ab mens de clercia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ab mais de falhir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ab mens de paria;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels fals clergues o dic,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ancmais tant enemic</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ieu a dieu non auzic</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De sai lo temps antic.</span></p><p><br /></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quan son al refector,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No m' o tenc ad honor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' a la taula aussor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vey los cussos assir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E primiers s' eschausir;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Auiatz gran vilania,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar hi auzon venir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et hom non los en tria;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pero anc non lai vic</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Paupre guarso mendic</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sezer latz qui son ric;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' aisso los vos esdic.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ja non aion paor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Alcays ni Almassor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que abbas ni prior</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los anon assalhir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni lurs terras sazir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que afans lur seria;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas sai son en cossir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del mon quossi lur sia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni cum En Frederic</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Gitesson de l' abric;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pero tal l' aramic</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' anc fort no s' en jauzic.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Clergues, qui vos chauzic</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ses fellon cor enic</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En son comde falhic,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' anc peior gent no vic.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre Cardinal.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXIX.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per folhs tenc Polles e Lombartz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E Longobartz et Alamans,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si volon Frances ni Picartz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A senhors ni a drogomans;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar murtriers a tort</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tenon a deport;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ieu non laus rey</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que non guarde ley.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et aura 'l ops bos estandartz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E que fieira mielhs que Rotlans,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E que sapcha mais que Raynartz, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et aia mais que Corbarans;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tema meyns mort</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el coms de Monfort,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui vol qu' a barrey</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo mons li sopley. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas sabetz quals sera sa partz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De las guerras e dels mazans?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los critz, las paors e 'ls reguartz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que aura fagz, e 'l dol e 'l dans</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Seran sieu per sort.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' aitan lo conort,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ab aital charrey</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Venra del torney.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ben petit val tos giens ni t' artz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si pertz l' arma per tos efans;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per l' autruy carbonada t' artz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E l' autruy repaus t' es afans;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueys vas a tal port</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On cre que quecx port</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' enguan e 'l trafey</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'ls tortz faitz que fey.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Anc Carles Martel ni Girartz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni Marsilis ni Aigolans</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni 'l rey Gormons ni Yzombartz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non aucizeron homes tans</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que n' aion estort</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo valen d' un ort;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni non lur envey</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Thezaur ni arney.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non cug qu' a la mort</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Negus plus enport</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aver ni arney,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas los faitz que fey.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre Cardinal.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XL.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tos temps azir falsetat et enjan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ab vertat et ab dreg mi capdelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si per so vauc atras o avan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No m' en rancur, ans m' es tot bon e belh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' els uns dechai lialtatz mantas vetz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'ls autres sors enjans e mala fes;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas si tant es qu' om per falsetat mon,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' aquel montar dissen pueys en preon.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Li ric home an pietat tan gran</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De paubra gen, com ac Caym d' Abelh;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que mais volon tolre que lop no fan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E mais mentir que tozas de bordelh:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si 'ls crebavatz en dos locx o en tres,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No us cugessetz que vertatz n' issis ges</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas messongas, don an al cor tal fon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que sobrevertz cum aigua de toron.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mans baros vey, en mans luecx, que y estan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Plus falsamen que veyres en anelh;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qui per fis los ten falh atrestan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum si un lop vendia per anhel;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar els no son ni de ley ni de pes;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ans foron fag a ley de fals poges, PUGESA</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On par la cros e la flors en redon,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E no y trob om argent quan lo refon.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Daus Orient entro 'l solelh colguan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fas a la gent un covinent novelh;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al lial hom donarai un bezan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si 'l deslials mi dona un clavelh;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et un marc d' aur donarai al cortes</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si 'l deschauzitz mi dona un tornes;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al vertadier darai d' aur un gran mon,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si m don' un huou quecx messongier que y son.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tota la ley qu' el pus de las gens an</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Escriuri' eu en un petit de pelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En la meitat del polguar de mon guan;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'ls pros homes paysseria d' un tortelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar ja pels pros no fora cars conres; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas si fos hom que los malvatz pagues, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cridar pogra, e non gardessetz on: </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Venetz manjar li pro home del mon.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sel que no val ni ten pro per semblan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pros ni valen non tanh que hom l' apel</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni vertadier, quan met dreg en soan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quan dreitura ni vertat non l' es bel;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car qui fai mal ni tort, razos non es</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' en cueilla grat ni lauzor ni pretz ges;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E se ditz ben un reprochier pel mon:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sel q' una ves escorja autra non ton.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A totas gens dic e mon sirventes</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que si vertatz e dreitura e merces</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non governon home en aquest mon,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni sai ni lai no cre valors l' aon.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Faidit, vai t' en chantar lo sirventes</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Drech al Tornel a 'N Guigo, qui que pes,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car de valor non a par en est mon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas mon senher En Ebles de Clarmon.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre Cardinal.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLI.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tals cuia be</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aver filh de s' espoza,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que no y a re</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Plus que selh de Toloza;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar s' esdeve</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que la molher coitoza</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Acuelh ab se</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Alcun baratador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don ilh rete,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Plus vilh d' un' autra toza,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Un filh de que</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fai heres al senhor:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per so ai fe</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que malvestatz si noza</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En tal qu' ieu cre</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que fon filhs de prior.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant es viratz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo mons en desmezura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que falsetatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Es en luec de drechura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E cobeitatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Creys ades e melhura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E malvestatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Es en luec de valor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E pietatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A d' hoste sofrachura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E caritatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fai del segle clamor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es lauzatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui de dieu non a cura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E pauc prezatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui vol aver s' amor.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui des en sai</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Entro en la Turquia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E daus en lai</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tro que part Normandia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ad un savai</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Baron tot o daria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non cug ni sai</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que visques ses rancor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que greu si fai</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que fort gran manentia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Son don apai</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De conquerre maior;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mal li eschai</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aitan grans baronia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus non l' estrai</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del nom de raubador.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mais val assatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Un ribaut ab pauprieyra,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que viu en patz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sofre sa nescieyra,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Q' us coms malvatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tot jorn fai sobrieira</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' avols peccatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que non tem dezonor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' al ribaut platz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La via dreitureira,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l coms es las</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De dieu e de sanctor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E quar lo bas</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Hom a valor entiera</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l coms non pas,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pretz ieu mais lo melhor.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E que faran</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Li baron de mal aire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tot jorn fan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo mal e 'l be non guaire?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quossi poiran</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los tortz qu' an faitz desfaire?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que lur enfan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Seran plus tolledor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E non daran</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En l' arma de lor paire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo pretz d' un guan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni negus en la lor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E li enguan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' auran fag l' enguanaire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Retornaran</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sobre l' enguanador.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non ai talan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' aver aital repaire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' eras en chan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E totz temps mais en plor.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre Cardinal.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus ma boca parla sens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E mos chantars es faitis,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vuelh ab belhs motz ben assis</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dressar los entendemens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels malvais mal entendens, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que cuion que valha mais </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Hom messongiers que verais; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l sen tenon a folhia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l dreit tornon en biais.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ves yfern fay son eslais,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l govern ten ves abis,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Selh que vertatz aborris</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni ab dreitura s' irais;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar tals bast murs e palais</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del dreit de las autras gens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el segles deconoyssens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ditz que mot fa bona via,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar es savis e creyssens.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tot atressi com l' argens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El foc arden torna fis,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S' afina e s' adoussis</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo bons paupres paciens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En las trebalhas cozens;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l malvatz manens savais,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On plus gent si viest e s pais,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Conquier de sa manentia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dolor e pena e pantais.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas d' aisso no 'l pren esglais,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar gallinas e perdis</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo conorton e 'l bos vis,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l ben qu' en la terra nais,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dont el es jauzens e gais;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueys ditz a dieu en ligens:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ieu suy paupres e dolens.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si dieus li respondia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Poiria 'l dire: Tu mens.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Semblans es als aguilens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Croys hom que gent si guarnis,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que defora resplandis</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dins val meyns que niens;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es mager fenhemens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que si us escaravais</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si fenhia papaguais,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quan se fenh que pros hom sia </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Us malvatz manens savais.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tals si fenh pros e valens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar sol gent si viest e s pais,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que es malvatz e savais;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas si los autres payssia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per aquo valria mais.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre Cardinal.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLIII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui ve gran maleza faire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De mal dir no se deu traire;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' ieu vuelh dir e retraire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que ricx hom dezeretaire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Es piegers que autre laire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fai diablia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Peior que negun raubaire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tart se castia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ricx hom, quan va per carreira,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El mena per companheira</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Malvestat, que vai primeira</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E mejana e derreira;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E gran cobeitat enteira</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Li fai companhia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tort porta la senheira,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et erguelh la guia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ricx hom mals quan vay en plassa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que cuiatz vos que lai fassa?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quant autr' om ri e solassa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A l' un mov plag, l' autre cassa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' un maldi, l' autre menassa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E l' autre afolhia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E no y fai joy ni abrassa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si com far deuria.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ricx hom, quan fai sas calendas</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sas cortz e sas bevendas,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De toutas e de rezendas</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fai sos dos e sas esmendas,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sos lums e sas oferendas,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E de raubaria;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et en guerras met sas rendas</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et en plaideria.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ricx hom mals, quan vol far festa, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Auiatz quossi fai sa questa:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant bat la gent et entesta</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tro que denier non lur resta,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que no y qual venir tempesta</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni fam ni moria;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueys fai cara mout honesta,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui no 'l conoyssia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Un pauc ai dig de la gesta</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que dire volia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas tan gran massa n' y resta</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que fort pauc embria.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre Cardinal.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLIV.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tartarassa ni voutor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No sent plus leu carn puden</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Com clerc e prezicador</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Senton ont es lo manen:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mantenen son siei privat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E quan malautia 'l bat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fan li far donatio</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tal que 'l paren no y an pro.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Frances e clerc an lauzor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De mal, quar ben lur en pren;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E renovier e trachor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">An tot lo segl' eyssamen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ab mentir et ab barat</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">An si tot lo mon torbat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que no y a religio</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que no sapcha sa lesso.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Saps qu' esdeven la ricor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De selhs que l' an malamen?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Venra un fort raubador</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que non lur laissara ren,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">So es la mortz, qu' els abat;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ab quatr' aunas de filat</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los tramet en tal maizo</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ont atrobon de mal pro.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Hom, per que fas tal follor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que passes lo mandamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De dieu, que es ton senhor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E t' a format de nien?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La trueia ten el mercat</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Selh que ab dieu se combat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el n' aura tal guizardo</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Com ac Judas lo fello.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dieus verais, plens de doussor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Senher, sias nos guiren;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Guardatz d' enfernal dolor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Peccadors e de turmen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E solvetz los del peccat</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En que son pres e liat;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E faitz lur verai perdo</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab vera confessio.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre Cardinal.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLV.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tot atressi com fortuna de ven</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que torba 'l mar e fa 'ls peyssos gandir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Es torbada en est segle la gen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per un fort ven que dels cors fan salhir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fals messongiers, deslial e trahire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab que s cuion eyssaussar e formir;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et en aissi fan veritat delir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'n pert son dreg hom bos qui 'l ver vol dire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A! greu sera est segl' en l' estamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que a estat, segon que auzem dir;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que hom era crezutz ses sagramen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab sol la fe, si la volgues plevir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E veritatz era sens escondire;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ar es tornatz lo segl' en tal azir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que quecx pessa de son par a trazir;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' ieu apelh aquest segle trazire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui auzes dir quals son li falhimen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que fan en cort selhs qui degron regir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et an jurat de tenir lialmen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dreg a quascun? primiers los vey fallir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fan semblan aqui mezeis de rire;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'ls clamatiers, quan ven al departir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab penhoras, ab dar et ab servir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Perdon lo sen, quant auzo 'l jutge dire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Entr' els clergues non truep departimen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tut son d' un sen, d' un cor e d' un albire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E siervon dieu aitan honestamen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nulh' autra ren non lur pot abellir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni es nulhs hom que mal en puesca dire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas selh que y es, si doncx no vol mentir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el cavalguar e 'l manjar e 'l dormir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l juec d' amor tenon a gran martire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No y truep cosselh mas qu' estem lialmen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E que pensem e Ihesum Crist servir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar el nasquet pel nostre salvamen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E volc en crotz per nos la mort sofrir;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aital senhor, qui 'n poiri' autr' eslire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el fes de se nau per nos reculhir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Als grans perils don no podem gandir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ses cofessar, e so qu' aurem fag dire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre Cardinal.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLVI.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tan son valen nostre vezi,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tan cortes e tan huma,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que si las peiras eran pa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E que las aiguas fosson vi,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E li pueg bacon e pouzi,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No serion larc, tals n' i a.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tals n' i a, mas non dirai qui,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que foron porc en Guavauda,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et en Vianes foron ca,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et en Velaic foron masti,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Seguon l' afaitamen cani;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas, quar non an coa, rema.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En jurar de femna no m fi,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni son sagramen no vuelh ja;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar si 'l metiatz en la ma</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per ver dir un marabeti,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E per mentir un barbari,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo barbari guazanhara.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tals a lo semblant effanti</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el sens es de Trebellia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l lengua de logicia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l voluntatz d' En Alengri:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tals a belh cors e saura cri</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que dins a felh cor e vila.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dig vuelh aver de Sarrazi</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fe e ley de crestia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E subtileza de paia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ardimen de Tartari;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qui es guarnitz en aissi</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Val be messongier Castella.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar fai tort e messongas di</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Atressi com de tals n' i a.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre Cardinal.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLVII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Razos es qu' ieu m' esbaudey,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sia jauzens e guays</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El temps que fuelha e flor nays,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et un sirventes despley,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar lialtatz a vencut</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Falsedat; e non a guaire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que ieu ai auzit retraire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Q' uns fortz trachers a perdut</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Son poder e sa vertut.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dieus fai e fara e fey,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si com es dous e verays,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dreitz als pros et als savays,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E merce segon lur ley:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar a la pagua van tut</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' enguanat e l' enguanaire, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si com Abels e son fraire; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que 'l traytor seran destrut </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E li trahit ben vengut.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dieu prec que trachors barrey</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E los degol e 'ls abays</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aissi com fos los Alguays,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar son de peior trafey:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas aisso es ben sauput,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pieger es tracher que laire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Atressi com hom pot faire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De covers morgue tondut,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fai hom de trachor pendut.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De lops e de fedas vey</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que de las fedas son mays;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E per un austor que nays </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Son mil perditz, fe que us dey: </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ad aquo es conogut</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que hom murtrier ni raubaire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No platz tant a dieu lo paire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni tan non ama son frut</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Com fai del pobol menut.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Assatz pot aver arney</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E cavals ferrans e bays,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tors e murs e palays,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ricx hom, sol que dieu reney:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Doncx ben a lo sen perdut</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Totz hom a cuy es veiaire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que, tollen l' autrui repaire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cuge venir a salut,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni 'l don dieus quar a tolgut.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar dieus ten son arc tendut</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E trai aqui on vol traire;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fai lo colp que deu faire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A quec, si com a mergut,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Segon vizi e vertut.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre Cardinal.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLVIII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Un sirventes novel vuelh comensar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que retrairai al jorn del jutjamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A selh que m fetz e m formet de nien;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si 'l me cuia de ren ochaizonar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si 'l me vol metre en la diablia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ieu li dirai: Senher, merce no sia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el mal segle trebaliey totz mos ans,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E guardatz me, si us plai, dels turmentans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tota sa cortz farai meravilhar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quant auziran lo mieu plaideyamen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu dic qu' el fai ves los sieus fallimen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si 'l los cuia delir ni enfernar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar qui pert so que guazanhar poiria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per bon dreg a de viutat carestia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el deu esser dous e multiplicans</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De retener sas armas trespassans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ja sa porta non si degra vedar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sans Peires pren hi gran aunimen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar n' es portiers, mas que y intres rizen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quascun' arma que lai volgues intrar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar nulha cortz non er ja ben complia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que l' uns en plor e que l' autres en ria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sitot s' es sobeirans reys poyssans,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si no ns obre, sera li 'n faitz demans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los diables degra dezeretar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et agra en mais d' armas pus soven,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l dezeret plagra a tota gen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et el mezeis pogra s' o perdonar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tot per mon grat; totz los destruiria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus tug sabem qu' absolver s' en poiria;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Bel senher dieus, siatz desheretans</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels enemicx enoios e pezans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ieu no mi vuelh de vos dezesperar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ans ai en vos mon bon esperamen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que devetz m' arma e mon cors salvar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E que m valhatz a mon trespassamen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E far vos ai una bella partia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que m tornetz lai don muec lo premier dia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">O que m siatz de mos tortz perdonans;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu no 'ls feira, si no fos natz enans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S' ieu ai sai mal, et en yfern ardia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Segon ma fe, tortz e peccatz seria;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu vos puesc be esser recastinans,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que per un ben ai de mal mil aitans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per merce us prec, dona sancta Maria</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ab vostre filh nos siatz bona guia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si que prendatz los paires e 'ls enfans,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'ls metatz lay on esta sanhs Joans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre Cardinal.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLIX.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Una cieutat fo, no sai quals,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On cazet una plueia tals</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tug l' ome de la cieutat</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que toquet foron dessenat.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tug dessenero, mas sol us;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aquel escapet e non plus,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que era dins una maizo</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On dormia, quant aco fo:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aquel levet, quant ac dormit</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fon se de ploure gequit,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E venc foras entre las gens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On tug feiron dessenamens.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' us fo vestis, e l' autre nus,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' autr' escupi vas lo cel sus;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' uns trais peira, l' autre astelas,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' autre esquisset sas gonelas,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' uns feri e l' autre enpeis,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E l' autre cuget esser reis</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tenc se ricamens pels flancx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E l' autre sautet per los bancx;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' us menasset, l' autre maldis,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' autre ploret e l' autre ris,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' autre parlet e no sap que,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' autre fes metoas de se.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et aquel qu' avia son sen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Meravilhet se molt fortmen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vi ben que dessenat son;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E gard' aval e gard' amon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si negun savi n' i veira; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E negun savi non i a:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Grans meravelhas ac de lor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas molt l' an els de luy maior,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el vezon estar saviamen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cuion qu' aia perdut lo sen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car so que ill fan no ill vezon faire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A quascun de lor es veiaire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que ill son savi e ben senat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas lui tenon per dessenat;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui 'l fer en gauta, qui en col;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El no pot mudar no s degol.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' uns l' enpenh, l' autre lo bota,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El cuia eissir de la rota;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' uns l' esquinta, l' autre l' atrai,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El pren colps e leva e chai.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cazen, levan, a grans ganbautz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S' en fug a sa maizo de sautz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fangos e batut e mieg mortz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ac gaug quan lor fon estortz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aquesta faula es al mon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Semblan et a tug silh que i son;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aquest segles es la cieutatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que es totz ples de dessenatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el maior sen c' om pot aver</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si es amar dieu e temer,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E gardar sos comandamens:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas ar es perdutz aquel sens;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La plueia sai es cazeguda;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Una cobeitatz es venguda,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Uns orgoills et una maleza</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tota la gen a perpreza;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si dieu n' a alcun onrat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' autr' el tenon per dessenat</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E menon lo de tom en vil,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car non es del sen que son il,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el sen de dieu lor par folia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E l' amicx de dieu, on que sia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Conois que dessenat son tut,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car lo sen de dieu an perdut;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'lh tenon lui per dessenat</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car lo sen del mon a laissat.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre Cardinal.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus Peyre d' Alvernhe a chantat </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels trobadors qu' en son passat, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Chantarai a mon escien</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' aquels que pueissas an trobat;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E no m' aion ges cor irat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S' ieu lor malvatz fatz lur repren.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo premiers es de Sanh Desdier</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Guillems que chanta voluntier,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et a chantat mot avinen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas, quar son desirier non quier,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non pot aver nulh bon mestier,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es d' avol aculhimen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo segons de Sanh Antoni</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vescoms qu' anc d' amor non jauzi,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni no fes bon comensamen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que la primeyra 'l a tray;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et anc pueis re non li queri,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Siei huelh nueg e jorn ploran s' en.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E lo ters es de Carcasses</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Miravals que fai motz cortes,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dona son castel soven;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E no y estai l' an ges un mes,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ancmais kalendas no y pres;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que no i ha dan qu' il se pren.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo quartz Peirols, us alvernhatz, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' a trent' ans us vestirs portatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es pus secs de lenh' arden,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es sos chantars peiuratz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' anc, pus si fon enbaguassatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A Clarmon, no fes chan valen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l cinques es Gaucelms Fayditz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que es de drut tornatz maritz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De lieys que sol anar seguen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non auzim pueis voutas ni critz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni anc sos chans no fon auzitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas d' Uzercha entro qu' Agen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l seizes Guilems Azemars,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' anc no fo pus malvatz joglars;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et a pres manh vielh vestimen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fai de tal loc sos chantars</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don non es a sos trenta pars;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vey l' ades paubr' e sufren.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab Arnaut Daniel son set,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' a sa vida ben non cantet</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas uns fols motz qu' om non enten;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus la lebre ab lo buou casset,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E contra suberna nadet,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No valc sos chans un aguillen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En Tremoleta 'l catalas</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui fai sos sos leuetz e plas,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sos cantars es de nien,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E peinh sos peills cum s' er' auras;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ben a trent' ans que for' albas,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si no fos lo negrezimen. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l noves N Arnautz de Maruelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ades lo vey d' avol escuelh;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si dons non a chauzimen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fay o mal, quar no l' acuelh;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ades claman merce siei huelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On plus canta l' aigua 'n dissen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Salh de Scola es lo dezes</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que de joglar s' es faitz borges</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A Brajairac o compr' e ven;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E quant a vendut son arnes,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El s' en va pueis en Narbones</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab un fals cantars per prezen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' onzes es Guiraudetz lo Ros</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que sol vieure d' autrui chansos;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Es enoios a tota gen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas quar cuiava esser pros, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si se partic dels filhs N Anfos </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que l' avian fag de nien.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E lo dotzes es en Folquetz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De Marcelha, us mercadairetz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et a fag un fol sagramen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quan juret que chanso no fetz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Perjur nos an say dig pro vetz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que s perjuret son essien.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E lo trezes es mos vezis</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Guillems lo marques mos cozis,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E non vuelh dire mon talen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car ab los seus chantars frairis</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S' es totz peiuratz lo mesquis,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es viells ab barba et ab gren.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Peire Vidals es dels derriers</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que non a sos membres entiers;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et agra l' obs lenga d' argen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al vilan qu' er uns pelliciers;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que anc, pus si fetz cavaliers,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non ac pueys membransa ni sen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Guilhems de Ribas lo quinzes</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' es de totz fatz menutz apres,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E canta voluntiers non jen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E percassa s fort, s' il valgues,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car nulh tems no 'l vim bel arnes,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ans vieu ses grat e paubramen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab lo sezesme n' i aura pro</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo fals Monge de Montaudo</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ab totz tensona e conten;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et a laissat dieu per baco,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E quar anc fetz vers ni canso, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Degra l' om tost levar al ven.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo vers fe 'l monges, e dis lo</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A Caussada primeiramen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E trames lo part Lobeo</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A 'N Bernat son cors per prezen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Le Moine de Montaudon.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LI.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' autre jorn m' en pugiey al cel,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' aniey parlar ab sanh Miquel</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don fui mandatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et auzi un clam que m fon bel:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Eras l' auiatz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sanh Jolias venc denan dieu,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dis: Dieus, a vos mi clam ieu</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Com hom forsatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dezeretatz de tot son fieu,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E malmenatz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar qui ben voli' alberguar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De mati m solia preguar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu 'l fos privatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Eras no y puesc cosselh donar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab los malvatz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' aissi m' an tolt tot mon poder, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' om no m pregua mati ni ser; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Neys los colgatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Laissan mati dejus mover;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ben suy antatz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De Tolza ni de Carcasses</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No m plang ta fort ni d' Albiges,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Com d' autres fatz:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En Cataluenh' ai totz mos ces,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E y suy amatz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En Peiragorc e 'n Lemozi,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas lo coms e 'l reys los auci,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sui ben amatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et a 'n de tals en Caerci</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don sui paguatz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De lai Roergu', en Gavauda,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No m clam ni m lau qu' aissi s' esta;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pero assatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Y a d' aquelhs q' usquecx mi fa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas voluntatz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En Alvernhe ses aculhir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Podetz alberguar e venir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Descovidatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' il non o sabon fort gent dir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas ben lur platz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En Proensa et els baros</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ai ben enquera mas razos;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non sui clamatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels Proensals ni dels Guascos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni trop lauzatz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Le Moine de Montaudon.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De sirventes aurai gran ren perdutz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E perdrai en enquera un o dos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Els rics malvatz on pretz es remasutz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' a lor non platz donars ni messios,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni lor platz res que taingna a cortezia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas be lor platz quant ajoston l' argen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per so n' a mais cel que lo met plus gen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' onors val mais que avols manentia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ja non serai desmentitz ni vencutz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' anc hom escars non fo aventuros;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si n' i a un qu' en sia cregutz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Doncs n' a el faig alcun fag vergoignos:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' avers non vol solatz ni leugaria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni vol trobar home larc ni meten,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ans lo vol tal qu' estia aunidamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tal qu' endur so que manjar deuria.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que val tesaurs qu' ades es rescondutz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni cal pro tenc a nuill home qu' anc fos?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aitan n' ai eu, sol non sia mogutz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Com an aquil que lo tenon rescos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' a mi non costa un denier si s perdia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E ill an tot l' esmai e 'l pessamen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E quan perdon l' aver perdon lo sen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et a mi an pro donat de que ria.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per valens faitz es hom miells mantengutz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et acuillitz et honratz per los bos;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E n' es hom miells desiratz e volgutz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'n pot menar plus honratz compaignos:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que malvestatz ab pretz no s' aparia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni s' acordon per lo mieu escien;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que pretz vol dar e metre largamen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E malvestatz estreing e serra e lia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lai a 'N Guillem Augier, on pretz s' es clutz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tramet mon chant, car el es cabalos;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'ls enemics ten sobratz e vencutz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et als amics es francs et amoros,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Larcs et adregs e senes vilania;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tot quant a dona e met e despen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E non o fai ges ab semblan dolen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' en val mais, ja tan pauc non metria.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Bertrand du Pujet.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LIII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab gran dreg son maint gran seignor del mon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sempre de bos servidors sofraichos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ab gran dreg prendon maintas sazos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Danz e destrics, quan se pogran gandir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ab gran dreg faillon a conquerer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Terras e gent, quan n' an cor e voler,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car an mes tot so per qu' om vai pueian</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En honrament et en pretz, en soan.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E car il tan senz tota valor son</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non dur' ab els servire fiz ni bos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car s' esdeve, sia tortz o razos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que cascuns vol l' us aprendr' e seguir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De son seignor per miels ab lui caber:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Doncs si fezesson aissi lur dever</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Li croi seignor com il s' en van loingnan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Grieu aurion servidor mal obran.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sol per so si dechai e s cofon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo segl' e s pert, car il son nuaillos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E nonchalen de totz faitz cabalos;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E m meravil com pot esdevenir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' il no voillan proeza mantener,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car s' ab proeza pueion en poder</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et en ricor, don tan gran talent an,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' eu m' en vau trop fort meraveillan.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car totz seingner, on mais a cor volon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' aver mais e d' esser mais poderos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De valer deu esser mais voluntos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E de tot so que fassa 'ls pros grazir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E maiorment de dar, car fai tener</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per pro maint hom a pauc d' autre saber,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E de tot' autra valor sol que n' an,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el don si gart qu' o met en luec prezan.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E s' om prezatz, que don pren, no i respon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Gent, quant obs es l' onors e 'l pretz e 'l pros</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' en ven, celui per cui faig es lo dos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Restaura tot; car chascus que l' au dir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si s preza ren ni sab en re valer,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A tan bon cor vas lui com degr' aver</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cel que n' a pres lo don, per qu' a afan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No s deu nuls hom tener dar si onran.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Als seingnors cug aver faig gran plazer </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En aquest chant, al pros per mantener </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lur bel capteing, et als autres montran, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S' il volon far lur pron, so qu' a far an.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Boniface Calvo.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LIV.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per tot so c' om sol valer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et esser lauzatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Deval et es encolpatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car es proeza folia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E leialtatz non sabers</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E gaieza leujaria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' aissi es camjatz valers</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En avoles' e il en lui, qu' om te</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo croi per pro, e qu' el pros non val re.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sitot * eu saber</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De far malvestatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per q' eu seria prezatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et en poder puiaria;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Conoissenza e devers</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mi capdellon tota via</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De guiza, que mos volers</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No m sofre ges que m plaia fais, per que</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mi prezon cil qu' el mal tenon per be.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Anz voill ab aital voler</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Meinz poder assatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que dels crois mal enseingnatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ples de tota vilania</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mi plai en re lurs plazers</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni lur mendiga paria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car mi par lur chapteners</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant laitz e tant aunitz, que per ma fe, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qan sovinenza n' ai, m' enueg de me.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sai qu' eu faria parer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab mos ditz serratz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que m lau com outracuidatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non a totz, que s' o fazia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De messoini' auri' el vers</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Semblanz', e tant se valria;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas sitot no m faill lezers,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ges de chantar no m membra ni m sove,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas sol per cels qu' entendemenz soste.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Domna, tan mi fai plazer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Bels faitz e honratz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo senz e la granz beutatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La valors e 'l cortezia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De vos que res fors poders</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No m sofraing a far que sia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Perdutz l' auzirs e 'l vezers</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l senz dels avols, per cui s' esdeve</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' om lau celui c' avinen no s capte.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Boniface Calvo.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LV.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui ha talen de donar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tal don que sia lauzatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Entr' els savis, deu pensar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tres chauzas, ben o sapchatz:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cals es el eis taing que s pes,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E cals cel qu' el don deu penre,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E cals los dos; qu' estiers res</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No 'l pot de blasme defendre.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' om don tan gran non deu dar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' en sia trop fort grevatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni tant pauc qu' a soanar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo taingna cellui qui er datz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni dons avinens non es</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' om lo 'n poiria rependre,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">O chauzir qu' el non saubes</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">So que s taing a far entendre.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E quant hom per si honrar </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Da 'l sieu e n' es desonratz, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No s pot maiorment desfar; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' avers e l' honors prezatz </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Val mais que nuls autre bes; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Doncs qui 'ls pert non pot contendre </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que d' autra guiza pogues</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tan bassa valor descendre.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que requer' e pregar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo rei castellan mi platz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el deia mos chanz membrar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E non crei' uns sieus privatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car il an tal us apres</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tal art, so il vol aprendre,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que quecs, per pauc qu' el n' agues,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Son pretz volri' escoiscendre.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tan mi fai ma dompn' amar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Amors, qu' en sui fol jugatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que can deuria poingnar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El rei de servir, li fatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Plazers; e no m' en tueil ges,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car sai qu' il m' en degra rendre</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Bon guierdon, s' il plagues</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Adreg sa merce despendre.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Boniface Calvo.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LVI.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mon sirventes tramet al cominal</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De tota gen, e si 'l volon auzir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni l' entendo ni 'l sabo devezir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quascus hi pot triar lo ben del mal;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que cobeytatz a tant sazit en brieu</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo mon que no y cort dreg ni tem hom dieu,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni no y trob om merce ni chauzimen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni vergonha ab lo pus de la gen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Clergue volon trastot l' an per engual</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab cobeitat gent caussar e vestir;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l ric prelat volo s tant enantir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que ses razo alargan lor deptal</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si tenetz de lor un honrat fieu</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Volran l' aver; e no 'l cobraretz lieu,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si no lor datz una summa d' argen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E no lor faitz plus estreg covinen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Rey e comte, baylo e senescal</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Volo 'ls castels e las terras sazir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A lur gran tort las paubras gens delir;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E li baro son tornat atretal;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E ditz quascus: Ieu penrai d' aquo mieu; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ab tot son plus paubres que romieu; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E no tenon vertat ni sagramen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E nos autres em tug d' aquelh eys sen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si monge nier vol dieus que sian sal</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per pro manjar ni per femnas tenir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni monge blanc per boulas a mentir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni per erguelh Temple ni Espital,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni canonge per prestar a renieu,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ben tenc per folh sanh Peir' e sanh Andrieu </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que sofriro per dieu aital turmen, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S' aquest s' en van aissi a salvamen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si capelan per pro beure a Noal,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni legistas per tort a mantenir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ostalier per son oste trahir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E loguadier per falsar lor jornal,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E raubador e metje e corrieu,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Rauban la gen, se salvo, non cre ieu</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que menudet no vivon folhamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E selhs qu' estan cofes e peneden.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Revendedor, obrier e menestral</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Iran a dieu, si lor o vol sofrir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab car vendre et ab pliven mentir;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E camjador et home de portal,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E renovier yssamen com Juzieu,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E noyriguier panan so qu' om lor plieu,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E laurador terras sensals tenen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Festas obran e mezinas crezen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A l' autra gen darai cosselh leyal,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sitot no 'l say a mos ops retenir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que quecx pesses de be far e de dir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que non aurem negus plus de cabal,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni 'n portarem escrit el nostre brieu</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ad aysselh jorn que rendrem comt' a dieu,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al derrier jorn' que tenra parlamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ayselh senhor que ns formet de nien.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De totz los reys ten hom per pus cabal</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo rey 'N Anfos, tan fay bos faitz grazir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dels comtes selh de Rodes chauzir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fai sa valor e son pretz natural,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dels prelatz selh de Memde, qu' el trieu</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sec drechamen e despen gent lo sieu,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dels baros son fraire, tan valen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Son tug siey fag e siey captenemen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui mon chantar me repren no m' es grieu, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si maynt fan be sitot pauc m' en fatz ieu; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab que las gens renheson leyalmen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueys poirion dir: De folh apren hom sen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Raimond de Castelnau.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LVII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cristias vey perilhar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per colpa dels regidors,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar entr' elhs no cap amors</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni patz ni dreitz, qu' ab tortz far</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Son d' autruy dreg enveyos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E creys lurs iniquitatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Creyssen lurs possessios.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En aisso truep voluntos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo pus de las poestatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ja non dirai dels prelatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ilh devon governar nos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mostran via per salvar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si s fan don lur tanh lauzors,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dieus fassa 'ls drech guidar!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per sas obras deu mostrar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Selh que repren las follors,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si que 'l n' eschaya honors;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ayssi deu hom essenhar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar non es maiestres bos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per sol dictar apelatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si 'ls faitz no fay cabalos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aisso lais, qu' autra razos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">M' o tolh don suy apessatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' els reys truep desacordatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que d' un voler non sai dos;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant vol quascus contrastar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab l' autre, don es paors</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que dieus tot o desampar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Un temps vol dieus yssausar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Crestias, e 'l fon sabors,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar el pus era valors;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E pessavan d' elh honrar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Contra Sarrazis fellos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et avian entr' elhs patz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et amor totas sazos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas er es contrarios</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' us a l' autre, que duptatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No y es enjans ni baratz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni cuberta tracios;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' us cuia l' autr' enjanar:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas pus greu m' es dels maiors,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el mals pot a mais montar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quan l' us ve l' autre baissar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Se deurian far socors,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar qui val a valedors;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas estiers los vey obrar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que del creysser son gilos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E del mermar fan solatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' om val als pus poderos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Bos reys castellas, N Anfos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab dreg faits tot quant fassatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et auretz pro companhos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El devers sia gardatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vostres, e 'l pretz per vos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Giraud Riquier.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LVIII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui m disses, non a dos ans,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el laus me fos desgrazitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del rey 'N Anfos, de pretz guitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mot me fora greus afans;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' er es tant vil tengut sai</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E blasmatz, que sol parlar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non aus de luy ad honor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don ai al cor tal dolor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ab pauc chant no 'n desampar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A moutz homes l' aug blasmar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que li foran valedor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si guerra l' agues sabor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant com a cor de donar:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas ieu las! suy en esmai,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Com me sol lauzar mos chans,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per elh que m' er abelhitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant qu' ieu serai sebelhitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ans que dreg alhors los lans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mala veyra sos efans,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si 'l pus de la gent ver ditz, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que vius n' er despostaditz; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dieus don me mort enans, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar ja gran joy non aurai </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tro per ver auia comtar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que 'l sieu enemic maior</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aian ab luy tal amor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que d' elhs no 'l calha gardar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab dreg a volgut renhar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ab pretz et ab valor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Creyssen de terr' ab lauzor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo reys N Anfos que dieus gar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et aras deu mielhs e mai</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Voler dreg e patz dos tans,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sol que non si' escarnitz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que de dieu si' aizitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sos pretz no s desenans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mos ditz sera pro bastans</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sol que per luy si' auzitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu parti totz esferzitz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si m' enten, non l' er dans;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pero aitan li dirai</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que reys deu amicx amar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas de l' als dir ai temor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'lh chauzisca son melhor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per son dreg dever a far.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Jamais no m' esforsarai</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' el rey castellan lauzar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni d' autre, si en error</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ven son pretz, qu' a deshonor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Me pogues ab dan tornar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No suy astrucx de senhor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que m vuelha de cor amar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Giraud Riquier.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LIX.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fortz guerra fai tot lo mon guerreiar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E destruir, per que tot er destrutz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ab totz esfortz vey las gens esforsar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De dechazer us austres dechazutz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De drechura, q' us non es drechuriers,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ans es ab tort qui pot pus torturiers,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant que temors de dieu no y fai temensa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qui conoys mescre sa conoyssensa.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' el mons es estranhatz de mondar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar hom no cre autre ni es crezutz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni es amatz per ren ni pot amar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni ben voler, ans es totz ben volgutz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' om dona dreg, dat per dieu, per deniers;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E per aver avera 'ls messongiers</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que dieus fa ses pro far penedensa </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Als crestias crestatz de paciensa.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Q' us ab son par no s pot apariar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ses decebre, don quecx es deceubutz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E gualiatz, tan vol quecx gualiar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Creyssen lo sieu, don mals es tant cregutz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' om no vol far ben, e fa voluntiers</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mal, per que patz nos fug, qu' el vers paziers</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Par que nos falh per la nostra falhensa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E no nos val quar nos no 'l faym valensa.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas qui fes totz los bes que pogra far,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E que s tengues dels mals on es tengutz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et oblides so que deu oblidar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E decores de cor so qu' es salutz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E volgues dreg quar dreitz es dreitz semdiers,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' aissi viven viu hom e non estiers,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et obezis so qu' es d' obediensa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De belh saber agra belha sabensa.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vers paires dieus, don no ns podem pairar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vera via, vertatz e vera lutz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vers salvamens per que ns devem salvar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vera bontatz don totz bes es vengutz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Amaires vers als amadors entiers,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Defendemens defendens d' aversiers,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Faitz nos obrar tals obras ab crezensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' entr' els gueritz trobem ab vos guirensa.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Amples <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2021/01/lo-cami-traduit-per-ramon-guimera.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">camis</a> ab trops de <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2021/01/lo-cami-traduit-per-ramon-guimera.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">caminiers</a>,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Leus per saber e per tener leugiers,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Es selh de mort, e mortals ab temensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Selh de vida, per qu' a paucx vius agensa.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si be m falhic no crey que y fes falhensa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mos Belhs Deportz, deport truep e guirensa.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Giraud Riquier.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LX.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vertatz es atras tirada</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E messonja enantida</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E lialtatz encaussada</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E falsetatz aculhida,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' om ten per dreg son voler </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et obra de son poder</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don tortz es tan poderos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que dreitz es a non chaler</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vengutz, que no y val sermos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sancta fes es sermonada</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mot, e pauc l' obra seguida;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant es plazens e privada</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Selha de mondana vida,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' om, per complir son plazer,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Desconoys dreg e dever,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E d' aver es tant curos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Hom, e pro non pot aver,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que no sap que s' es razos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E crey qu' a dieu non agrada</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar amors non es aizida,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni merces non es trobada;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que patz nos es falhida,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' om non la vol enquerer;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don deu lo mons dechazer,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar dieus totz savis, totz bos, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No vol en loc remaner</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On baratz renh e tensos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas si patz fos essercada</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant com es guerr' afortida,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Erguelhs non agra cassada</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Merce qu' al mon fort oblida,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' amors no y pot caber</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni sens no y pot res valer,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' erguelhs e baratz ginhos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tolhon auzir e vezer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ad home totas sazos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ihesus Cristz nos a mostrada</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Via qu' es del ver gaug guida,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas tant es pauc ademprada,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que petit es polida,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar mot es greus per tener</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' om manjar be ni jazer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No y pot, ans viu sofrachos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del mon que deu fort temer,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar tot l' es contrarios.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo mons no dona lezer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De be, e fai mal plazer;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qui pus l' es amoros</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mens a de ben far poder,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant es lo mals saboros!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sanctz paires dieus glorios,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Senher, datz nos tal saber</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el mon azirem per vos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Giraud Riquier.</span></p>Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1217969734972724911.post-72812261804294287312023-10-18T15:07:00.003+02:002023-10-18T21:26:51.712+02:00Sirventes historiques. I. En aquest guai sonet leugier (+ Index)<p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sirventes historiques.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">I.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En aquest guai sonet leugier</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Me vuelh en cantan esbaudir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar hom que no s dona alegrier</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No sai que puesc esdevenir;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' ieu me vuelh ab joy tenir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ab <a href="https://tresorfelibrige.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">los pros de Proensa</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui renhan ab conoissensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ab belha captenensa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si qu' om no 'ls en pot escarnir.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De conquerre fin pretz entier</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Agra ieu talen e dezir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si no m' en falhisson denier</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E rendas, don pogues complir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los fagz qu' ieu volgra mantenir;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas pus a dieu non agensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu puesca far gran valensa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Gardar me dei de falhensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al meins, e d' aiso qu' ai servir.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar pretz no demanda ni quier</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab sels qui volen obezir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas tant quant al poder s' afier,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E que hom se guart de falhir;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' aisel que trop vol tenir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A molt petit de sciensa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar l' avers non a valensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas quar hom en trai guirensa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E quar hom s' en pot far grazir.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A l' emperador dreiturier</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://historia.nationalgeographic.com.es/a/federico-ii-hohenstaufen-emperador-que-desafio-papa_15842" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Frederic</a> vuelh mandar e dir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que, si mielhs no mante l' <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/search?q=imperi" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">empier</a>,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Milan lo cuida conquerir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab grans faitz, e fai s' en auzir;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don vos jur per ma crezensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que pauc pretz sa conoissensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E son sen e sa sabensa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S' en breu no l' en sap far pentir.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dona sai ab cors plazentier,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don negus hom no pot mal dir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E no tem gap de lauzengier,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sap los melhors retenir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab honrar et ab aculhir;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tan gen fenis e comensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">So solatz e sa parvensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' en re non hi fai falhensa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et a car nom per encarzir.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Na Johana d' Est agensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A totz los pros, ses falhensa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' ie m vuelh ab los pros tenir.</span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=Ventadour" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Bernard de Ventadour</a>.<br /><br />//<br /><br />Index:<br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ii-un-sirventes-on-motz-non-falh.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">II, Un sirventes on motz non falh</a></span></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/iii-ges-de-far-sirventes-no-m-tartz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">III, Ges de far sirventes no m tartz,</a></span></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/iv-pus-ventedorn-e-comborn-e-segur.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">IV, Pus Ventedorn e Comborn e Segur</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/v-un-sirventes-fatz-dels-malvatz-barons.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">V, Un sirventes fatz dels malvatz barons,</a></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/sirventes-no-qual-far-longor-ganda.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">VI, D' un sirventes no m qual far longor ganda,</a></span></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/lo-coms-mandat-mogut-per-en-ramon-uc-esparro.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VII, Lo coms m' a mandat e mogut,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/viii-rassa-mes-se-son-primier.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VIII, Rassa, mes se son primier</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ix-ges-no-mi-desconort-s-ieu-ai-perdut.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">IX, Ges no mi desconort S' ieu ai perdut,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ieu-chan-reys-preguat.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">X, Ieu chan, qu' el Reys m' en a preguat</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xi-gent-fai-nostre-reis-liouranda.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XI, Gent fai nostre reis liouranda,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xii-pus-lo-gens-terminis-floritz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XII, Pus lo gens terminis floritz</span></a></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xiii-greu-m-es-deisendre-carcol.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XIII, Greu m' es deisendre carcol,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xiv-quan-vey-pels-vergiers-desplegar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XIV, Quan vey pels vergiers desplegar</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xv-pus-li-baron-son-irat-e-lor-peza.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XV, Pus li baron son irat e lor peza</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xvi-al-dous-nou-termini-blanc.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XVI, Al dous nou termini blanc</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xvii-s-ieu-fos-aissi-senhers-e-poderos.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XVII, S' ieu fos aissi senhers e poderos</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/miez-sirventes-vueilh-far-dels-reis-amdos.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XVIII, Miez sirventes vueilh far dels reis amdos,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xix-non-estarai-mon-chantar-non-esparja.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XIX, Non estarai mon chantar non esparja,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xx-quan-la-novella-flors-par-el-verjan.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XX, Quan la novella flors par el verjan</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxi-un-sirventes-farai-novelh-plazen.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXI, Un sirventes farai novelh, plazen</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxii-ja-nuls-hom-pres-non-dira-sa-razon.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXII, Ja nuls hom pres non dira sa razon</a></span></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxiii-del-rei-d-arragon-consir.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXIII, Del rei d' Arragon consir,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/quor-qu-om-trobes-florentis-orgulhos.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXIV, Quor qu' om trobes Florentis orgulhos,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxv-sendatz-vermelhs-endis-e-ros.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXV, Sendatz vermelhs, endis e ros,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxvi-bel-m-es-cant-aug-lo-resso.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXVI, Bel m' es cant aug lo resso</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ab-greu-cossire-fau-sirventes-cozen.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXVII, Ab greu cossire Fau sirventes cozen; Bernard Sicart de Marjevols.</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/foilla-ni-flors-ni-chautz-temps-ni-freidura.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXVIII, Foilla ni flors ni chautz temps ni freidura</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/en-aquell-temps-reys-mori-anfos.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXIX, En aquell temps qu' el reys mori 'N Anfos</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/un-sirventes-faire-es-mos-pessamenz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXX, D' un sirventes faire Es mos pessamenz (Pierre de la Caravane)</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxxi-quant-vei-lo-temps-renovellar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXI, Quant vei lo temps renovellar, (Bertrand de Born, le fils)</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxxii-ja-de-far-un-nou-sirventes.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXII, Ja de far un nou sirventes</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxxiii-ja-no-vuelh-do-ni-esmenda.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXIII, Ja no vuelh do ni esmenda (Bernard de Rovenac)</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/sirventes-grans-volontatz-preza.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXIV, D' un sirventes m' es grans volontatz preza, (Bernard de Rovenac)</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxxv-doas-coblas-farai-en-aqest-son.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXV, Doas coblas farai en aqest son</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxxvi-seigneiras-e-cavals-armatz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXVI, Seigneiras e cavals armatz</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ja-non-creirai-en-gui-de-cavaillon.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXVII, Ja non creirai d' En Gui de Cavaillon</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/blog-post_18.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXVIII, Estiers mon grat mi fan dir villanatge</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxxix-belh-m-es-quan-d-armas-aug-refrim.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXIX, Belh m' es quan d' armas aug refrim (Guillaume de Montagnagout)</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xl-guerra-e-trebalhs-e-brega-m-platz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XL, Guerra e trebalhs e brega m platz, (Boniface de Castellane)</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xli-gerra-mi-play-quan-la-vey-comensar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLI, Gerra mi play quan la vey comensar,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xlii-peire-salvagg-en-greu-pessar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLII, Peire salvagg', en greu pessar</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xliii-de-l-arcivesque-mi-sap-bon.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLIII, De l' arcivesque mi sap bon</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ja-de-chantar-nulh-temps-no-serai-mutz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLIV Ja de chantar nulh temps no serai mutz</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xlv-un-sirventes-farai-ses-alegratge.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLV, Un sirventes farai ses alegratge,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xlvi-en-luec-de-verjanz-floritz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLVI, En luec de verjanz floritz</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ges-no-m-es-greu-s-eu-non-sui-ren-prezatz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLVII, Ges no m' es greu s' eu non sui ren prezatz</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xlviii-mout-que-sovinenza.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLVIII, Mout a que sovinenza</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xlix-entre-dos-reis-vei-mogut-et-enpres.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLIX, Entre dos reis vei mogut et enpres</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/l-mout-fort-me-sui-d-un-chan-meravillatz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L, Mout fort me sui d' un chan meravillatz</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/li-on-hom-plus-aut-es-pueiatz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LI, On hom plus aut es pueiatz,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/lii-comte-karle-ie-us-vuelh-far-entenden.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LII, Comte Karle, ie us vuelh far entenden</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/liii-al-bon-rey-qu-es-reys-de-pretz-car.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LIII, Al bon rey qu' es reys de pretz car,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/liv-nostre-reys-qu-es-d-onor-ses-par.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LIV, Nostre reys qu' es d' onor ses par (Bernard d' Auriac)</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/francx-reys-frances-per-cuy-son-angevi.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LV, Francx reys frances, per cuy son Angevi,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/lvi-ancmais-per-aital-razo.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LVI, Ancmais per aital razo</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/tant-onratz-verays-ressos-plazens.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LVII, Tant m' es l' onratz, verays ressos plazens,</span></a></p>Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1217969734972724911.post-22406254956176636172023-10-17T20:31:00.004+02:002023-10-17T20:31:59.548+02:00Pièces sur les croisades. I. Pus de chantar m' es pres talens, (+ Index)<p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pièces sur les croisades.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">I.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus de chantar m' es pres talens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Farai un vers don sui dolens;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non serai mais obediens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/tome-troisieme-pieces-amoureuses-comte-poitiers.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Peytau</a> ni de <a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/2018/05/lemosin.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Lemozi</a>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2018/04/abc-espana-aragon-chapurriau-lengua-mana.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ieu m' en anarai en eyssilh</a>;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Laissarai en guerra mon filh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En gran <a href="https://beceite.blogspot.com/2017/02/puje-lo-dorondon-puje-la-broma-puje-la.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">paor</a> et en perilh;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E faran li mal siey vezi.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus lo partirs m' es aitan grieus</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del seignoratge de <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/tome-troisieme-pieces-amoureuses-comte-poitiers.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Peytieus</a>,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En garda de Falco d' Angieus</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lais ma terra e son cozi.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si Falco d' <a href="https://recherchesfrance.blogspot.com/2023/07/6-27-pretensions-seconde-famille-anjou-royaume-naples-ruineux-voyages.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Angieus</a> no 'lh secor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l reys de cui ieu tenc m' onor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mal li faran tug li pluzor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el veyran <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/09/tomas-bosque-la-codonera-teruel-arago.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">jovenet meschi</a>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si molt non es <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=Saputo" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">savis e pros</a>,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quant ieu serai partit de vos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tost l' auran abayssat en jos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fello Guasco et <a href="https://recherchesfrance.blogspot.com/2023/07/6-27-pretensions-seconde-famille-anjou-royaume-naples-ruineux-voyages.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Angevi</a>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De proeza e de valor fui,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mais ara <a href="http://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/11/manuel-riu-fillat-insulte-amics-del-chapurriau-ignacio-sorolla-vidal-lo-apoye.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">nos partem abdui</a>;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ieu vauc m' en lay a selui</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On merce clamon <a href="https://beceite.blogspot.com/2017/04/carlos-fontanet-pelegri-le-hace-otro.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">pelegri</a>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aissi lais tot quant amar suelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cavalairia et orguelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vauc m' en lay, ses tot destuelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On li peccador penran fi.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Merce quier a mon companho,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S' and li fi tort, que lo m perdo,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ieu prec ne Jeshu del tro</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et en <b><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/09/choix-poesies-originales-troubadours-introduction.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">romans</a></b> et en <u>lati</u>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mout ai estat cuendes e gais,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas nostre seingner no 'l vol mais;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ar non posc plus soffrir lo fais,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant soi apropchatz de la fi.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Totz mos amicx prec a la mort</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' il vengan tuit al meu conort,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ancse amey joi e <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=deport" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">deport</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Luenh de me et en mon aizi.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aissi guerpisc joy et deport</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E var e gris e sembeli.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/tome-troisieme-pieces-amoureuses-comte-poitiers.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Comte de Poitiers</a>.<br /><br />//<br /><br />Index.<br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ii-senhors-per-los-nostres-peccatz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">II, senhors per los nostres peccatz</a></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/iii-en-honor-del-paire-en-cui-es.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">III, En honor del Paire en cui es</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/iv-er-nos-sia-capdelhs-e-guerentia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">IV, Er nos sia capdelhs e guerentia</a></span></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/v-so-qu-hom-plus-vol-e-don-es-plus-cochos.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">V, So qu' hom plus vol e don es plus cochos,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ara-sai-eu-pretz-quals-plus-gran.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VI. Ara sai eu de pretz quals l' a plus gran</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/era-nos-sia-guitz-lo-vers-dieus-iheus-critz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VII, Era nos sia guitz Lo vers dieus Iheus Critz,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/viii-nostre-senher-somonis-el-mezeis.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VIII, Nostre senher somonis el mezeis</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/pus-flum-jordan-ai-vist-monimen.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">IX, Pus flum Jordan ai vist e 'l monimen,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/x-ara-parra-qual-seran-enveios.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">X, Ara parra qual seran enveios</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xi-per-pauc-de-chantar-no-me-lays.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XI, Per pauc de chantar no me lays,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xii-si-m-laissava-de-chantar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XII, Si m laissava de chantar</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xiii-hueimais-no-y-conosc-razo.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XIII, Hueimais no y conosc razo</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xiv-aras-pot-hom-conoisser-e-proar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XIV, Aras pot hom conoisser e proar</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xv-lo-senher-que-formet-lo-tro.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XV, Lo senher que formet lo tro</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xvi-baros-ihesus-qu-en-crotz-fon-mes.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XVI, Baros Ihesus qu' en crotz fon mes</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xvii-bel-m-es-quan-la-roza-floris.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XVII, Bel m' es, quan la roza floris</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/quan-lo-dous-temps-ven-e-vay-la-freydors.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XVIII, Quan lo dous temps ven, e vay la freydors,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xix-totz-hom-qui-ben-comensa-e-ben-fenis.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XIX, Totz hom qui ben comensa e ben fenis</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xx-tornatz-es-en-pauc-de-valor.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XX, Tornatz es en pauc de valor</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxi-emperaire-per-mi-mezeis.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXI, Emperaire, per mi mezeis,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ira-dolor-dins-mon-cor-asseza.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXII, Ira e dolor s' es dins mon cor asseza,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/el-temps-quan-vey-cazer-fuelhas-flors.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXIII, El temps quan vey cazer fuelhas e flors,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxiv-qui-vol-aver-complida-amistansa.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXIV, Qui vol aver complida amistansa</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ab-grans-trebalhs-marrimens.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXV, Ab grans trebalhs et ab grans marrimens</span></a></p><p><br /></p>Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.com86000 Poitiers, Francia46.580224000000008 0.34037518.269990163821163 -34.815875 74.890457836178854 35.496625tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1217969734972724911.post-33494284215995597332023-10-13T23:10:00.003+02:002023-10-17T20:32:25.226+02:00Complaintes Historiques. I. Quascus plor e' planh son dampnatge,<p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Complaintes Historiques.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">I.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quascus plor e' <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=planh" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">planh</a> son <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/gaucelm-faidit.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">dampnatge</a>,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sa <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/rambaud-de-vaqueiras-raimbaut.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">malanansa</a> e sa dolor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas ieu las! n' ai en mon <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=coratge" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">coratge</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tan gran ira e tan gran <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=tristor" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">tristor</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que ja, mos jorns, planh ni <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=plorat" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">plorat</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non aurai lo valen <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=prezat" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">prezat</a>,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo pros Vescomte, que <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=mortz" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">mortz</a> es,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/guillaume-de-beziers.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Bezers</a>, l' ardit e 'l <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=cortes" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">cortes</a>,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo gai e 'l mielh adreg e 'l <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=bon" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">bon</a>,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l melhor cavallier del <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=mon" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">mon</a>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mort l' an, et anc tan gran otratge</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No vi hom, ni tan gran error</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mais far, ni tan gran estranhatge</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De dieu et a nostre senhor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum an fag <a href="http://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/11/manuel-riu-fillat-insulte-amics-del-chapurriau-ignacio-sorolla-vidal-lo-apoye.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">li can renegat</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del fals <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/07/associacio-catalanista-matarranya-ascuma-calaceite-teruel.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">linhatge de Pilat</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que l' an mort; e pus dieus mort pres</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per nos a salvar, semblans es</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De lui, qu' es passatz al sieu pon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per los sieus estorser laon.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mil cavallier de gran linhatge</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E mil dompnas de gran valor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Iran per la sua mort a ratge,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mil borzes e mil servidor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que totz foran gent heretat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si 'lh visques, e ric et honrat:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ar es mortz, ai dieus! quals dans es!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Guardatz quals etz ni quo us es pres,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni selhs qui l' an mort qui ni don,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' eras no ns acuelh ni ns respon.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A senhor tan fort deu salvatge</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Esser, al gran et al menor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quan del sieu honrat senhoratge</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nos membrara e de l' honor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que ns fetz et de la fezautat</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vas selhs qu' eron a mort jutjat:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ar es mortz, ai dieus! quals dans es!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=caitieu" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Caitieu</a>, cum em tug a mal mes!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vas qual part tenrem, ni ves on</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Penrem port, tot lo cor m' en fon!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ric cavallier, ric de <a href="https://llengua-valenciana.blogspot.com/2021/06/capitol-xcviii-gloriosa-magdalena-lancant-arreus-plora-cor-peccats.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">linatge</a>,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ric per erguelh, ric per valor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ric per sen, ric per vassallatge,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ric per dar e bon servidor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ric d' erguelh, ric d' umilitat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ric de sen e ric de foldat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Belhs e bos, complitz de totz bes,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Anc no fo <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/12/carlos-rallo-badet-calaseit-disenado-coches.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">nulhs hom</a> que us valgues;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Perdut avem en vos la fon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don tug veniam jauzion.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Selh dieu prec que fetz <a href="https://regnemallorca.blogspot.com/2021/09/cien-nombres-dios-cent-noms-deu-1-19.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">trinitat</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De se mezeis en deitat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el cel, on lo maior gaugz es,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Meta l' arma, e non li pes,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et a totz selhs qui pregatz son</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De son ben soccor' et aon.</span></p><p><span style="white-space: pre;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Guillaume, moine de Beziers.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.persee.fr/doc/ccmed_0007-9731_1968_num_11_44_1461" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://www.persee.fr/doc/ccmed_0007-9731_1968_num_11_44_1461</a><br /><br /><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Viscounts_of_B%C3%A9ziers" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Viscounts_of_B%C3%A9ziers<br /></a><br /><br />Index:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/mon-chan-fenisc-dol-maltraire.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">II, mon chan fenisc ab dol et ab maltraire</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/iii-si-cum-sel-qu-es-tan-grevatz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">III, Si cum sel qu es tan grevatz</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/iv-fortz-chauza-es-que-tot-lo-maior-dan.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">IV, Fortz chauza es, que tot lo maior dan</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/v-cascus-hom-deu-conoisser-et-entendre.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">V, Cascus hom deu conoisser et entendre</a><br /></span><br /></span></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/vi-ailas-per-que-viu-lonjamen-ni-dura.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VI, Ailas! per que viu lonjamen ni dura</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/vii-era-par-ben-que-valors-se-desfai.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VII, Era par ben que valors se desfai,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/viii-anc-non-cugey-que-m-pogues-oblidar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VIII, Anc non cugey que m pogues oblidar</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/belh-senher-dieus-quo.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">IX, Belh senher dieus, quo pot esser sufritz</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/planher-vuelh-en-blacatz-en-aquest-leugier-so.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">X, Planher vuelh En Blacatz en aquest leugier so,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/molt-mes-greu-d-en-sordel-quar-l-es-falhitz-sos-sens.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XI, Molt mes greu d' En Sordel, quar l' es falhitz sos sens,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/pus-partit-an-lo-cort-en-sordel-bertrans.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XII, Pus partit an lo cor En Sordel e 'N Bertrans</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xiii-ab-marrimen-et-ab-mala-sabensa.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XIII, Ab marrimen et ab mala sabensa</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xiv-razos-non-es-que-hom-deya-chantar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XIV, Razos non es que hom deya chantar</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xv-ples-de-tristor-marritz-e-doloiros.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XV, Ples de tristor, marritz e doloiros</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xvi-aissi-quo-l-malanans.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XVI, Aissi quo 'l malanans,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xvii-planhen-ploran-ab-desplazer.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XVII, Planhen, ploran ab desplazer</span></a></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pièces sur les croisades.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">I.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus de chantar m' es pres talens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Farai un vers don sui dolens;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non serai mais obediens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/tome-troisieme-pieces-amoureuses-comte-poitiers.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Peytau</a> ni de Lemozi.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2018/04/abc-espana-aragon-chapurriau-lengua-mana.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ieu m' en anarai en eyssilh</a>;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Laissarai en guerra mon filh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En gran <a href="https://beceite.blogspot.com/2017/02/puje-lo-dorondon-puje-la-broma-puje-la.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">paor</a> et en perilh;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E faran li mal siey vezi.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus lo partirs m' es aitan grieus</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del seignoratge de <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/tome-troisieme-pieces-amoureuses-comte-poitiers.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Peytieus</a>,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En garda de Falco d' Angieus</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lais ma terra e son cozi.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si Falco d' <a href="https://recherchesfrance.blogspot.com/2023/07/6-27-pretensions-seconde-famille-anjou-royaume-naples-ruineux-voyages.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Angieus</a> no 'lh secor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l reys de cui ieu tenc m' onor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mal li faran tug li pluzor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el veyran <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/09/tomas-bosque-la-codonera-teruel-arago.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">jovenet meschi</a>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si molt non es <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=Saputo" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">savis e pros</a>,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quant ieu serai partit de vos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tost l' auran abayssat en jos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fello Guasco et <a href="https://recherchesfrance.blogspot.com/2023/07/6-27-pretensions-seconde-famille-anjou-royaume-naples-ruineux-voyages.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Angevi</a>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De proeza e de valor fui,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mais ara <a href="http://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/11/manuel-riu-fillat-insulte-amics-del-chapurriau-ignacio-sorolla-vidal-lo-apoye.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">nos partem abdui</a>;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ieu vauc m' en lay a selui</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On merce clamon <a href="https://beceite.blogspot.com/2017/04/carlos-fontanet-pelegri-le-hace-otro.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">pelegri</a>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aissi lais tot quant amar suelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cavalairia et orguelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vauc m' en lay, ses tot destuelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On li peccador penran fi.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Merce quier a mon companho,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S' and li fi tort, que lo m perdo,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ieu prec ne Jeshu del tro</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et en <b><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/09/choix-poesies-originales-troubadours-introduction.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">romans</a></b> et en <u>lati</u>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mout ai estat cuendes e gais,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas nostre seingner no 'l vol mais;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ar non posc plus soffrir lo fais,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant soi apropchatz de la fi.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Totz mos amicx prec a la mort</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' il vengan tuit al meu conort,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ancse amey joi e <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=deport" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">deport</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Luenh de me et en mon aizi.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aissi guerpisc joy et deport</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E var e gris e sembeli.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/tome-troisieme-pieces-amoureuses-comte-poitiers.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Comte de Poitiers</a>.<br /><br />//<br /><br />Index.<br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ii-senhors-per-los-nostres-peccatz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">II, senhors per los nostres peccatz</a></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/iii-en-honor-del-paire-en-cui-es.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">III, En honor del Paire en cui es</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/iv-er-nos-sia-capdelhs-e-guerentia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">IV, Er nos sia capdelhs e guerentia</a></span></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/v-so-qu-hom-plus-vol-e-don-es-plus-cochos.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">V, So qu' hom plus vol e don es plus cochos,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ara-sai-eu-pretz-quals-plus-gran.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VI. Ara sai eu de pretz quals l' a plus gran</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/era-nos-sia-guitz-lo-vers-dieus-iheus-critz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VII, Era nos sia guitz Lo vers dieus Iheus Critz,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/viii-nostre-senher-somonis-el-mezeis.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VIII, Nostre senher somonis el mezeis</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/pus-flum-jordan-ai-vist-monimen.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">IX, Pus flum Jordan ai vist e 'l monimen,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/x-ara-parra-qual-seran-enveios.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">X, Ara parra qual seran enveios</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xi-per-pauc-de-chantar-no-me-lays.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XI, Per pauc de chantar no me lays,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xii-si-m-laissava-de-chantar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XII, Si m laissava de chantar</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xiii-hueimais-no-y-conosc-razo.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XIII, Hueimais no y conosc razo</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xiv-aras-pot-hom-conoisser-e-proar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XIV, Aras pot hom conoisser e proar</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xv-lo-senher-que-formet-lo-tro.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XV, Lo senher que formet lo tro</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xvi-baros-ihesus-qu-en-crotz-fon-mes.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XVI, Baros Ihesus qu' en crotz fon mes</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xvii-bel-m-es-quan-la-roza-floris.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XVII, Bel m' es, quan la roza floris</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/quan-lo-dous-temps-ven-e-vay-la-freydors.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XVIII, Quan lo dous temps ven, e vay la freydors,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xix-totz-hom-qui-ben-comensa-e-ben-fenis.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XIX, Totz hom qui ben comensa e ben fenis</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xx-tornatz-es-en-pauc-de-valor.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XX, Tornatz es en pauc de valor</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxi-emperaire-per-mi-mezeis.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXI, Emperaire, per mi mezeis,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ira-dolor-dins-mon-cor-asseza.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXII, Ira e dolor s' es dins mon cor asseza,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/el-temps-quan-vey-cazer-fuelhas-flors.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXIII, El temps quan vey cazer fuelhas e flors,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxiv-qui-vol-aver-complida-amistansa.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXIV, Qui vol aver complida amistansa</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ab-grans-trebalhs-marrimens.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXV, Ab grans trebalhs et ab grans marrimens</span></a></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2023/10/pieces-sur-les-croisades-1-pus-de-chantar-m-es-pres-talens.html" rel="nofollow"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Croisades</span></a></p>Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1217969734972724911.post-45518416700346843482023-09-30T00:20:00.002+02:002023-09-30T13:57:31.140+02:00Actes, titres, de l' an 960 - 1168, NO 'L LI TOLRA NI NO 'L LI DEVEDARA NI NO L' EN DECEBRA, <p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Actes, titres, de l' an 960 ou environ, tirés d' un manuscrit de Colbert, fol., no 165, intitulé: “Recueil de divers Titres et Mémoires, concernant les affaires des comtes de <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/07/coronacion-pedro-ii-roma-papa-inocencio-iii.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Carcassonne</a> et vicomtes de <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/07/capitulo-lviii-alvaro-de-cabrera-xv.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Beziers</a>, des comtes de <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2021/09/senyer-en-garau-de-berbera-donzell.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Foix</a> et vicomtes de Castelbon, des vicomtes de Bearn, de </span><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/07/garcia-aznarez-asesino-centulo-bigorra-sallent-gallego.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Bigorre</a>, de Marsan et de Gavardan, des comtes de Rodez et d' Armagnac, des seigneurs d' Albret, des rois de <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/02/xx-perg-1339-jaime-i-1-agosto-1253.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Navarre</a>; et celles des divers particuliers qui ont possédé des terres dans les pays appartenants aux seigneurs susnommés, ou qui ont eu des alliances avec eux.”</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" lang="es-ES" style="break-before: page; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>“Tome Ier, depuis l' an 960 jusqu' en l' année 1117.”<br /><br />DE ista hora in antea non DECEBRA Ermengaus filius Eldiarda Froterio episcopo filio Girberga NE Raimundo filio Bernardo vicecomite de castello de Cornone... NO 'L LI TOLRA NI NO 'L LI DEVEDARA NI NO L' EN DECEBRA... nec societatem non AURA, si per castellum recuperare NON O FA, et si recuperare potuerit in potestate Froterio et Raimundo LO TORNARA, per ipsas horas quæ Froterius et Raimundus L' EN COMONRA.<br />DE ista hora in antea ego Geraldus qui fui filius Beliariz non DECEBRA Froterium episcopum nec Bernardum fratrem suum vicecomitem qui fuerunt filii Girberga de illos castellos de Geccago, nec de illo castello quod vocant de illo Ponte et de illo castello Sancti Amancii quod vocant castello novo sive illo castello de Cabrespina, NO 'LS VOS TOLRAI NI NO 'LS VOS VEDARAI... in vestra potestate LO TORNAREI... SI O TENRAI E SI O ATENDRAI A TI Froterio et A TI Bernardo... quod tu Froterius et Bernardus TOLRE VOLGUESSES unde de istos castellos suprascriptos E CH' ON COMPROBAT QU' EN FOSSEZ victi PER BATAILIA aut abstracti QUE NO US N' AUSES COMBATRE.<br />DE ista hora in antea non DEZEBRA Guiraldus filius Girondæ nec Petrus nec Poncius filius Avanæ Froterium episcopum nec Bernardum filios Girberganæ de <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/01/la-rosada-del-mati-viernes-de-hermandad.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">illis castellis</a> DE BERENCS nec de illum de Causago...<br />NO 'LS LOR DEVEDARAN NI NO 'LS TOLRAN NI NO 'LS EN DECEBRAN... et si est homo qui illos castellos aut femina LOR tollat AB illos societatem non AURAN et adjutor sine inganno LOR EN SERAN... FORS quantum illi LOR EN ABSOLVERAN... LOR TORNARAN sine lucro... et qualem comprobatos vencutos PER BATALIA, aut extractos QUE COMBATRE NON AUSENT.<br /><br />HIC est brevis sacramentalis quod fecit Raimundus Berengarius filius Garsendis ad Raimundo vicecomite filio Rengardis.<br />De ista hora in antea ego Raimundus filius Garsendis non DECEBRAI Raimundum vicecomitem filium Rengardis de sua vita nec de sua membra quæ ad corpus suum tenet, NO L' AUCIRAI NI NO 'L PRENDRAI... et tuas civitates... NON LAS TE TOLRAI NI T' EN TOLRAI... SI O TENRAI ET O ATENDRAI ego Raimundus filius Garsendis A TI Raimundo filio Rengardis.</span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" lang="es-ES" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">DE ista hora in antea non DECEBRA Raymundus filius Garsendis Hermengarda vicecomitissa filia Rangars DE SA vita... NI LA PRENDRA, NI L' AUCIRA... Neque suos honores NON TOLRA... Nec societatem ego... NON AURAI et si tu Hermengards filia Rangars M' EN COMONS, per illas horas quæ M' EN COMONRAS... EN adjutorio T' EN SEREI.<br /><br />DE ista hora in antea ego <b>Raimundus comes <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/03/clvii-arch-dip-diet-1460-diciembre.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Barchinonæ</a></b> filius Mahaldis fæminæ non DECEBREI te Bernardum vicecomitem de Biterri... SI O TENREI E O ATENDREI.<br /><br />DE ista hora in antea ego Petrus filius Ava Froterio filio Girberga et te Raimundo filio Rengardis non VOS DECEBREI NE VOS NO 'LS TOLREI NE NO 'LS VOS DEVEDAREI LO CASTEL DE BERENGS NE 'L CASTEL DE CAUSAC NE 'L CASTEL de <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/12/clii-20.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Monteacuto</a>... LAS FORTEZAS... societatem non AUREI nec non TENREI FORS QUANT per illos castellos recuperare... illos TORNAREI.<br /><br />DE ista hora in antea non DECEBRA Froterius episcopus filius Ermendructæ Isarno filio Rangardæ de sua vita NI de sua membra... per quæ o PERDA NI NON ENGENIERA...<br />NO LI TOLRA NO LI DEVEDARA... NO I METRA PER SO QUE<br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/01/la-rosada-del-mati-viernes-de-hermandad.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">castellanus</a> EN SIA... A NEUNA fæmina partem NON Y DONERA NI NO N' I VENDRA NI NO N' I ESCAMBIARA... finem non PRENDRA NI societatem cum illis NON AURA... NO LA LI TOLRA NI NO L' EN DECEBRA... SI O TENRA ET SI O ATENDRA... si comprobare non potuerit ipse Froterius ipso Isarno quod habeat ingeniatum quod ipse Froterius PERDA OU sua vita OU sua membra... o ipse Isarnus habeat ingeniatum quod ipse Froterius perdat O <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/01/la-rosada-del-mati-viernes-de-hermandad.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">illo castello</a> de Lautrico aut<a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/search?q=Uncastillo" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"> unum de suos castellos</a>... O ipse Isarnus NO LI DEFUG... SI O TENRA ET SI O ATENDRA... FORS DE<br />CO DE QUE ipse Isarnus L' EN ABSOLVRA... ipsas parabolas quæ ipse Isarnus DIZIRA ad ipso Froterio aut per suum missum LI MANDARA ET LAS LI DEVEDARA per nomine de sacramento QUE NO LAS digat ipse Froterius NO LAS DISCOBRIRA.<br /><br />DE ista hora in antea ego Petrus Raimundi filius Guila non DECEBREI TE Hermengard filiam Rengard NI te Bernardum Atonis filium Hermengard de ipso castro quod vocant <u>Fuxum</u> neque de ipsis fortezis... NO 'L VOS TOLREI, NI VOS EN TOLREI, NO 'L VOS DEVEDAREI... adjutor VOS EN SEREI... societatem cum illis NON AUREI NI NON TENREI... per quantas vices VOS M' EN COMONREZ... LO TORNAREI... SI VOS O TENREI ET O ATENDREI.<br /><br />DE ista hora in antea ego Bertrandus filius qui fui Ponciae fidelis ero tibi Hermengardis filiæ Rangardis... de ipsos castros de Reddaz... in potestate illos TORNAREI... neque treugam non PRENDREI NI NON AUREI... et adjutor T' EN SEREI AB TE... in tua potestate LO TORNAREI... SI T' O TENREI TOT, ET T' O ATENDREI.<br /><br />DE ista hora in antea ego Udalgeir filius Ermenssen NON DECEBREI TE Ermengarz filiam quæ fuisti Rangarz DEL CASTEL quem vocant MIRAPEIS... NI 'L TE TOLREI NI T' EN TOLREI NI 'L TE VEDAREI NI T' EN VEDAREI... adjutor T' EN SEREI... AB TI ET SENES TI ET AB illos neque AB illas qui illum tibi TOLRION NI T' EN TOLRIAN finem nec societatem NON AUREI NI NON TENREI... in tua potestate LO TORNAREI... per quantas vices TU M' EN COMONRAS.<br /><br />DE ista hora in antea ego Rogerius filius qui fui Belissen NON DECEBREI TE Ermengart filia quæ fuisti Rangarz DEL CASTEL, quem vocant MIRAPEIS... NO 'L TE TOLREI NI T' EN TOLREI NI EL TE VEDAREI NI T' EN VEDAREI... homines vel fæminæ QUI 'L te tollant NI T' EN tollant, adjutor T' EN SEREI... et AB illos vel AB illas qui illum tibi TOLRIAN NI T' EN TOLRIAN finem nec societatem NON AUREI NI NON TENREI... T' O TENREI E T' O ATENDREI TOT A TE.<br /><br />DE ista hora in antea non DECEBREI Rogerius filius Belesen Hermengarz filia Rangars neque Bernard filium Hermengarz de ipso castello de MIRAPEIS... NO 'L VOS TOLREI neque VOS EN TOLREI, NO 'L VOS VEDAREI neque VOS EN VEDAREI et per quantas veces (latín vices) M' EN COMMONRAZ... potestatem T' EN DONAREI, et si est homo aut fæmina, homines vel femine QUI 'L TE TOLON NI T' EN TOLON adjutor T' EN SEREI... in tua potestate LO TORNAREI.<br />DE ista hora in antea ego Raimundus filius qui fui Rangarz non DECEBREI te Hermengarz filia que fuisti Rangarz de ipso castello quem vocant MIRAPEIS... NO 'L TE TOLREI NI T' EN TOLREI, NI 'L TE VEDAREI NI T' EN VEDAREI... et si fuerit homo vel femina... qui illum tibi tollant NI T' EN tollant, adjutor T' EN SSEREI... et AB illos vel AB illas qui illum tibi TOLRIAN NI T' EN TOLRIAN finem nec societatem NON AUREI NI NON TENREI... T' O TENREI ET T' O ATENDREI TOT.<br /><br />DE ista hora in antea NO DECEBRA Rogerius filius Rangard Rogerium Comitem filium Garsendæ comitissa de ista civitate quæ vocant Carcassona... NO LA 'L TOLRA Rogerius NE NUL NE TOLRA NE NO LA 'L DEVEDARA NE NUL EN DEVEDARA... et si homo est... aut homines aut fæminas, QUI LA LI TOLRA aut LA LI DEVEDARA societatem NE AB illo NE AB illa NO TENRA NE NO AURA QUI LA 'L TOLRA O LA 'L DEVEDARA... Carcassona LI TOLRAN O LA ʼL DEVEDARAN... NO L' ENGENARA... NE NUS S' EN RECREIRA NE RECREDENT NON SERA FORS QUANT... L' EN ABSOLVERA...<br /><br />DE ista hora in antea... ego Rodgarius filius Rangardæ NO LAS TE TOLRE NE NO T' EN DEVEDRE NE NO T' EN DECEBRE NE NO LAS TE VEDARE... neque homines NE omo PER LUI... neque de alias dreituras que ACABDARA... NO L' EN TOLRA, NE NO LAS LI DEVEDARA NE NO L' EN DECEBRA NE MALAMENT NE omo per ipse NO 'L NE MENARA... NON O FARAI... adjutor T' EN SERE... et de l' adjutorio NO T' ENGANARE NE MALAMENT NO T' EN MENARE... Ego Rodgarius filius Rangardæ a Rodgario filio Garsendæ medietatem de ipsas justicias NO T' EN TOLRE NE NO LA T DEVEDARE E SI LA N' AI, LA medietatem T' EN DARE... et si omo est aut fæmina... QUI LAS TE TOD OU LAS TE TOLA ajutor T' EN SERE et de l' adjutor NO T' ENGANARE... TU CUMUNIRAS OU CUMUNIR ME FARAS... in tuo DAM non mittat nec GUERRA AB illos non faciat, et exceptum omines meos QUE A DREIT AURE OU A MERCE cum a tibi TROBAR POIREI...<br />De ista ora in antea non decebra Rodgarius filius Rangardæ Rodgarium filium Garsendæ... NE NO 'L PENRA NE NO L' ASALIRA, NE NO L' AUCIRA nec ego... non O FARAI... SINO FORS QUANT TU M' EN SOLVERAS.<br /><br />DE ista hora in antea NON DECEBREM ego Roger NI EU Ugo filii... de ipso castello de Carcassona... NO 'L VOS TOLREM NI US EN TOLREM NO 'L US VEDAREM NI US EN VEDAREM... adjutores VOS EN SEREM AB VOS ET SENES VOS... societatem AB illos neque AB illas non AUREM... in vestra potestatem LO TORNAREM sine lucro DE AVER sive de honore quem non ENQUERREM ET PER QUANTAS VEZ NOS EN COMONIREZ... VOS EN DAREM... QUI LAS VOS TOLRA aut VOS EN TOLRA adjutores VOS EN SEREM.<br /><br />DE ista hora in antea non DECEBREI ego Guillermus filius Adalaiz te Hermengard filiam Rangard NI te Bernardum filium Hermengard de ipso <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/01/la-rosada-del-mati-viernes-de-hermandad.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">castello</a> de Carcassona... NO 'L VOS TOLREI NI US EN TOLREI, NO 'L VOS VEDAREI NI US EN VEDAREI... FIN aut societatem AB illos neque AB illas non AUREI... in vestra potestate LO TORNAREI sine lucro DE AVER sive de honore quæ non VOS ENQUERREI et per quantas VEZ M' EN COMENREZ... potestatem VOS EN DAREI.<br /><br />DE ista hora in antea non DECEBRA ARNALZ filius Belesen Ermengard filia Rangars neque Bernard Ermengarz filium de ipsum <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/01/la-rosada-del-mati-viernes-de-hermandad.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">castellum</a> de MIRAPEIS... NO 'L VOS TOLREI NI VO' N TOLREI NI 'L VOS VEDAREI NI US EN VEDAREI PER QUANTAS VEZ M' EN COMMONRAS... POSTAD T' EN DAREI et si est homo... QU' EL TE TOLA NI T' EN TOLA adjutor T' EN SEREI... in vostra potestate LO TORNAREI... ET SI VOS O TENDREI ET VOS O ATENDREI TOT SENES ENGAN.<br /><br />DE ista hora in antea ego Petrus filius de Rixendis non DECEBREI TE Hermengard filiam Rangard... de <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/01/la-rosada-del-mati-viernes-de-hermandad.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">ipso castello</a> de Carcassona quod vocant Narbones NO 'L TE TOLREI NI T' EN TOLREI... et si HOM ERA O fæmina QUI 'L TE TOLGUES O T' EN TOLGUES adjutor T' EN SEREI... ET DEL COMONIMENT NO M' EN VEDAREI... SI T' O TENREI ET T' O ATENDREI TOT FORS QUANT TU M' EN ABSOLVERAS TEU SCIENT.</span></p><p align="LEFT" lang="es-ES" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"></span></p><p align="LEFT" lang="es-ES" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Actes, titres, de 985 A 1080.<br />Acte de 985. (1: Preuves de l' Histoire de Languedoc, t. II, col. 139. Cette pièce se trouve avec quelques légères variantes dans le même volume, n° 165 des MSS. de Colbert.)<br /><br />DE ista hora in antea NON DECEBRA Froterius episcopus filius Ermendructæ Isarno filio Rangardæ de sua vita NI de sua membra quæ in suum corpus portat, per quæ O PERDA NI NON ENGANERA sua persona... illo <u><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2021/04/31-de-mayo.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">castlare</a></u> NE ipsa forcia quæ ibi est, NE alia quæ ibi erit NO LI TOLRA, NON LI DEVEDARA per quæ ille O PERDA... NE ipse Froterius in illo castello de Lautrico <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/01/la-rosada-del-mati-viernes-de-hermandad.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">castellano</a> NO I METRA PER SO QUE <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/01/la-rosada-del-mati-viernes-de-hermandad.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">castellanus</a> EN SIA... qui <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/01/la-rosada-del-mati-viernes-de-hermandad.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">castellani</a> EN SIAN episcopi ipse Froterius illos NON EN GETRA... partem NON Y DONARA, NI NO N' I VENDRA NI NO N' I BISCAMBIARA... ipse Froterius AB illa femina NI AB illo homine finem NON PRENDRA; NI societatem cum illis non AURA NE de adjutorio de ipso Isarno ipse Froterius NON SE GETRA sine consilio de ipso Isarno... illa convenientia de Caunant quæ habet factam AB ipso Isarno, NO LA LI TOLRA NI NO L' EN DECEBRA NI ille NI ullus homo... SI O TENDRA ET SI O ATENDRA... quod ipse Froterius PERDA O sua vita O sua membra... illum alodem de Avalione O ipse Isarnus NO LO DIFUG... SI O TENRA ET SI O ATENDRA... FORS de eo de quo ipse Isarnus L' EN ABSOLVERA... ipsas parabolas quæ ipse Isarnus DEZIRA ad ipso Froterio, aut per suum missum LI MANDARA ET LAS LI DEVEDARA per nomine de sacramento QUE NO LAS digat, ipse Froterius NO LAS DISCOBRIRA. (1: Preuves de l' Histoire de Languedoc, t. II, col. 139. Cette pièce se trouve avec quelques légères variantes dans le même volume 165, MSS. de Colbert.)<br /><br />Charte De 987.<br /><br />DONO ego Poncius comes Albiæ... cartam DE BLAT quod debet mihi... et sunt illas terras A LAS FABRIGAS... et in aro de Luiscellas DE MEG ARIPIN de <u><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/04/repartimiento-de-valencia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">vinea</a></u> LO CART. (2: Preuves de l' Histoire de Languedoc, t. II, col. 140.) (N. E. vinea : <a href="https://sensals.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">viña</a>; <a href="https://masdetorubio.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">vinya</a>)<br /><br />Acte vers 989.<br /><br />DE ista hora in antea Sicardus vicecomes filius Avierna Froterio episcopo filio Hermendructæ non DECEBRA... NI NON ENGANERA... NO L' EN TOLRA NI NO L' EN DEVEDARA per quæ ille Froterius LO PERDA... castellano NO I METRA per quæ castellanus EN SIA... quod castellani<br />EN SIAN... illos NON GETRA... partem NO L' EN DONARA NI NO L' EN VENDRA NI NON ESCAMBIARA... finem NON PRENDRA nec societatem NON TENRA... partem NON AURA, NE de adjutorio de ipso Froterio ipse Sicardus NON SE GETRA... illa garda de sua terra quod cum ipso Froterio convenientiam habet, ipse Sicardus ad ipso Froterio NI NON LA LI TOLRA NI NO L' E DECEBRA... SI O TENRA ET O ATENDRA... FORS D' AQUO DE QUE IPSE Froterius ABSOLVERA... illas parabolas quæ ipse Froterius ad ipso Sicardo DESIRA per suum nuncium, LO MANDARA ET LAS LI DEVEDARA per nomine DE SACRAMENT quod non LAS dicat, ipse Sicardus NE LAS DISCOBRIRA. (1: Preuves de l' Histoire de Languedoc, t. II, col. 143.)<br /><br />Testament de Roger, premier comte de Carcassonne vers 1002.<br /><br />ET ipsa vigaria de Savartense, post obitum Adalais, remaneant ad Bernardo filio meo, si ille NON LO FORSA, ET SI O FORSA et emendare O voluerit. (2: Preuves de l' Histoire de Languedoc, t. II, col. 160.)<br /><br />Actes vers 1015.<br /><br />Eco Petrus filius Imperia non decipiam te Bernardum filium comitem Ermengardis de ipso castello D' ANIORT, neque de ipso CASTELPOR...<br />NO 'L VOS TOLREI NI VOS EN TOLREI, NO 'L VOS VEDAREI NI VOS EN VEDAREI; et si fuerit homo vel fæmina, homines vel fæminæ qui vobis tollant aut EN tollant... societatem AB illis vel AB illas NON AUREI usque illos recuperatos habeas, et per quantas vices TU M' EN COMMONRAS... in tua potestate LOS TORNAREI... sic vobis O TENREI ET O ATENDREI...<br /><br />Ego Bernardus filius Guillelmæ et ego Udalgerius... non decipiemus te Bernardum comitem filium Ermengardis de ipso castello D' ANIORT, neque de ipso de Castellopor... NO 'L VOS TOLREM, NO 'L VOS VEDAREM (1: Preuves de l' Histoire de Languedoc, t. II, col. 170.).<br /><br />Hommages rendus a Berenguer, vicomte de Narbonne, vers 1020.<br /><br />EGO Guillelmus... NON DEZEBREI Berengarium vicecomitem... neque uxorem ejus Garsindem... de ipso castello qui dicitur D' URBAN... neque de ipso castello quem vocant Sancti Martini... NE NO 'LS LOR TOLREI, NE TOLRE, NO 'LS LOR FAREI NE LORS (2) LORS VEDAREI, NE VEDAR NO 'LS LOR FAREI, NE NO 'LS EN ENGANAREI..., societatem NON AUREI NE NON TENREI... NO 'LS ENGANAREI NE COMONIR NO M' EN VEDAREI...<br />in potestate LOS TORNAREI. (3)<br />EGO Petrus filius... NON DEZEBREI Berengarium... similiter O TENREI ad filium ejus... similiter LI O TENREI ET LI O ATENDREI sine suo inganno. (4)<br />(2) Ce LORS est sans doute une faute du copiste ou de l' imprimeur; il y avait <a href="https://twitter.com/marianorajoy" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">probablablement</a> (probablement) NOLS dans l' original.<br />(3 et 4) Preuves de l' Hist. de Languedoc, t. II, col. 173 et 174.</span></p><p align="LEFT" lang="es-ES" style="line-height: 27px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br />Acte de 1023.<br />Serment d' Ermessende, comtesse de Barcelonne.<br /><br />EGO <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/12/xv-donatio-turris-quam-gerundellam.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ermessendis</a> comitissa... ex inde NO T' EN FORCARE.<br />Quod si ego exinde tibi forasfecero, infra ipsos primos quadraginta dies que TU M' EN CONVENRAS PER NOM DE SACRAMENT, SI T' O DRECARE, O T' O EMENDARE. ET SI... NO LA T DRECAVA O NO LA T' EMENDAVA, incurram, etc. (1: Appendix Marcæ Hispanicæ, col. 1037.)<br />(N. E. forasfecero : foras + facere : <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2021/08/24-de-octubre.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">foragitar</a>; dreçaré, dreçava, forçaré; emendaré : <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/01/la-rosada-del-mati-viernes-de-hermandad.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">castellano</a> enmendaré. <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/09/monuments-langue-romane-depuis-842-jusqu.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Sacrament</a>, <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2021/01/27-de-abril.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">sagrament</a>, <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/09/monuments-langue-romane-depuis-842-jusqu.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">serment</a>, <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2021/01/27-de-abril.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">homenatge</a>, <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2023/03/codicillum-secundum-johannis-aragonia-patriarchae-alexandrini-jacobi-ii-aragon-regis-filii-1333.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">homenaje</a>.)<br /><br />Acte vers 1025.<br /><br />GUILLELMS COMS FILS D' ALADAIZ ET RAMON ET AIARIGS FILS GARSEN NON TOLRAN LO CASTEL DE DORNIAN ATONI FIL Gauciane et Froterio FIL Girbergane, NE NO 'L LOR DEVEDARAN NE NO 'LS EN DECEBRAN... ACHELA FORTEZA... et si ullus homo et fœmina erit qui LOR TOLA, NE 'L LO DEVED, GUILLELMS FILS ALADAIZ et Raymundus et AIARIGS filii GARSEN, AB ELS SOCIETAT NON AURAN, A LOR PARD D' AQUELS QUI O FARAN, NI AL DAN Atonis FIL Gaucianæ et Froterii FIL Gerbergane; et si illi LAS EN LOS EN COMMUNISSEN, in ADJUTORI LOR EN SERAN GUILLEMS COMS ET RAMUND ET AIALRIGS, TRO QUE RECOBRAT L' AURAN; ET SI GUILLEMS ET RAYMUND ET AIARIGS RECOBRAR LO <u>PODUN</u>, EN LOR <u>PODESTAT</u> LO TORNARAN SENES ENGAN... et sine LUGRE. AISI O TENRA GUILLEMS COMS ET RAMUND ET AIARIGS, FORS QUANT illos SOLVERAN... si comprobatum NO 'L VEDIA QUE TOLT LOS SUGETS ET QU' AL COMPROBAD, O PER BATALA VENEND, O QUI COMBATRE NO N' AUS. (2: Preuves de l' Histoire de Languedoc, t. II, col. 179.)<br /><br />Actes vers 1029.<br /><br />ISTAM <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/12/xliv-perg-172-23-febrero-1144.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">convenientiam</a> suprascriptam Pontius abbas et monachi illius ATENDRAN si cum episcopo Fredolone TROBAR O PODUN sine dolo.<br />(1: Preuves de l' Histoire de Languedoc, t. II, col. 185. )<br /><br />Actes vers 1034.<br /><br />IPSA medietate de ipso BOSC de Bolbona, excepto ipso pasquerio de Sancto Antonino, et ipsa terra de Agarnages qui ES de Bolbona EN LA VES ERES, SIA 'L COMTIUS D' AQUEL QUI TENRA CARCASSONA... et ad ipsum qui AURA CARCASSONA per ista divisione SIA LO CONTIUS SENS DEVATS... QUALS QUE O AGA per ista divisione... DE Bolbona EN CA ET DEL BANCHETS EN LA... et de Martinala ENTRO ad ARRESTAD, ET ENTRO A LA GENESTA... ET ENTRO A sancta Maria EN Tramas aquas (*), DE Bolbona EN CAS VES Aregia. Hoc quod superius scriptum est SIA D' AQUEL QUI AURA FOX... et ipsa alia medietate de ipso BOSC DE Bolbona, SIA D' AQUEL QUI TENRA FOX... de ipso Bancal qui ES ENTRE LURAGET CASAL marca ENTRO ad Arezia, SIA D' AQUEL QUI TENRA FOX... QUALS QUE O AGE per ista divisione... et de SAVARDU TRO A JUSTARED DE ROIGA EN LA, et DE JUSTARED TRO EN BOLBESTRES SIA D' AQUEL LO COMAUS RODGERS LO COMS IAG SIA D' AQUEL QUI TENRA FOX... et ad ipsum qui AURA FOX per ista divisione NON SIA LO COMTIUS SEN DEVATS. (2: Preuves de l' Histoire de Languedoc, t. II, col. 189.)<br />(*: entre ambas aguas)<br /><br />EGO <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=Roger" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Rotgerius</a> suprascriptus A TE Petrone suprascripto NO LO TOLREI, NE NO T' EN TOLREI NE NON T' EN DECEBREI... de ista hora NO VEDARA Rotgarius... NO LO TOLREI, NE NO T' EN TOLREI, NE NO T' EN DECEBREI... ET SI O TENDREI ET SI O ATTENDREI,... FOR QUAN TU Petrus suprascriptus ME ABSOLVERAS... SENES FORSA. De ista hora in antea FIDEL SEREI. (1: Preuves de l' Histoire de Languedoc, t. II, col. 191.)<br />EGO RODGER suprascriptus filius GARSEN A TE Petrone episcopo filio ADALEZ suprascripto NON TOLRE NE T' EN TOLRE NE T' EN ENGANARE... et si homo est vel fœmina... TOLA aut DEVET... amicitiam NON AURE, NON TENRE, NON PRENDRE AB illo nec AB illa, nec AB illos nec AB illas QUE O FARAN... adjutor ero... A TE Petrone... unde tu... COMONRAS per nomen de sacramento que T' EN ADJUD... NON DEVEDARE... NON T' EN ENGANARE. (2: Preuves de l' Histoire de Languedoc, t. II, col. 192.)<br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" lang="es-ES" style="line-height: 27px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Actes vers 1035.<br /><br />DE ista hora in antea non DEZEBRA Guiraldus... nec Petrus... de illis castellis de BERENCS nec de illum de Causago... NO 'LS LOR DEVEDARAN NI NO 'LS TOLRAN NI NO 'LS EN DECEBRAN... et si est homo qui illos castellos aut fœmina LOR tollat, AB illos societatem non AURAN, et adjutor sine inganno LOR EN SERAN INTRO recuperatum videant... FORS quantum illi LOR EN ABSOLVERAN LOR gradiente animo... LOR TORNARAN... aut extractos QUE COMBATRE NON AUSENT.<br /><br />DE ista hora in antea non DECEBRA Isarnus... NON TI TOLRA... et si recuperare potuero ipsum castellum, in potestate Froterio episcopo LO TORNAREI per illas SAZOS QU' EL ME COMMORA PER SE O PER suo misso... SI O TENREI ET SI O ATENDREI.<br />DE ista hora in antea ego Gerardus... NO 'LS VOS TOLREI NI NO 'LS VOS VEDAREI, etc.<br />DE ista hora in antea NON DECEBRA Poncius nec Ato... NO 'L TI TOLRAN. (1: Preuves de l' Histoire de Languedoc, t. II, col. 193 et 194.)<br /><br />Actes vers 1036.<br /><br />DE ista hora in antea NON DECEBRA Willermus... ne NON O FARA NI NON ENGANARA... nec Willermus suprascriptus, nec homo, nec femina AP suo ingenio vel suo consilio, nec apud forisfactum, nec sine forisfacto. NON DECEBRA NI NON TOLRA, NE NON DEVEDARA... nec AP forisfactum nec sine forisfacto. NON DECEBRA NI NON TOLRA... N'EL CASTEL quem vocant Charos N'EL CASTEL quem vocant ROCHA BRUNA, N' EL CASTEL quem vocant PEDENAZ... Ego <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2023/03/willermus-raymundi-dapifer-monte-catheno-moncada-1152-vallis-laureae.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Willermus</a> suprascriptus AB ipsos homines nec AB ipsas fœminas finem nec societatem NON AUREI NE NON TENREI... sicut in isto <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/02/xxii-perg-1416-jaime-i-9-mayo-1225.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">pergameno</a> est scriptum et clericus legere O POD. SI O TENRAI E ATENDRAI... FORS QUANT TU... M' EN ABSOLVERAS, etc. (2: Preuves de l' Histoire de Languedoc, t. II, col. 198.)<br /><br />DE ista hora in antea ego Guillelmus... NI LI O TOLREI NE L' EN TOLREI, NE L' EN DECEBREI... ego Guillelmus vindictam NON PRENDREI usque<br />L' EN COMONISCA PER NOM de sacramento... emendam RECEBREI aut PERDONAREI, et in antea istum sacramentum TENREI... vindictam NON PRENDREI... adjutor T' EN SEREI... ipsum commonimentum NON VEDAREI, et de ipsum adjutorium NO T' EN ENGANNAREI me sciente, et ipsum adjutorium TE FAREI... SI O TENREI ET O ATENDREI... quantum TU... M' EN ABSOLVERAS. (1: Preuves de l' Histoire de Languedoc, t. II, col. 199.)<br /><br />Acte vers 1040.<br /><br />Hommage a <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raimbaud_de_Reillanne" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Rajambaud, Archevêque d' Arles</a>.</span></p><p align="LEFT" lang="es-ES" style="line-height: 27px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2021/11/bernat-fenollar-johan-scriva-cobles-passio-jesu.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">AUS TU</a> RAIMBAL filius ASTRABURE, ego non VOS TOLRAI LO CASTEL D' ALBARON, LO BASTIMENT QUE factus est... per nomen DE CASTEL. Ego nec homo... per meum CONSENTIMENT... si talem forfactum non facias DE TOLRE CIVITAT aut CASTEL QUE US DIR NON POGUES aut EMENDAR DE SON AVER NON VOLGUES, etc. (2: <a href="https://data.bnf.fr/fr/documents-by-rdt/12525262/te/page1" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Millin, Essai sur la langue et la littérature provençale</a>, p. 7.)<br /></span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" lang="es-ES" style="break-before: page; line-height: 27px; margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Acte vers 1040.<br /><br /><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/12/viii-perg-41-11-enero-1134.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">DE ista hora in antea</a> NON DECEBRA Poncius comes Bernardum vicecomitem... NO 'L LI TOLRA Poncius comes ET NON LI DEVEDARA...<br />si homo est aut fœmina quæ a Bernardo vicecomite LO TOLLA A LLI, DEVEDO L' EN ET DECEPIA... societatem non TENRA... LO REDRA sine inganno...<br />SI O TENRA ET SI O ATENDRA... SI COMPROBAT NO 'L VEDRA... QU' AL COMPROBAT QUE COMBATRE NON O AUSA, VENENT PER BATALA.<br />(1: Preuves de l' Histoire de Languedoc, t. II, col. 205. )<br /><br />Acte vers 1053.</span></p><p align="LEFT" lang="es-ES" style="line-height: 27px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Promesse a Guiffred, Archevêque de Narbonne.<br /><br />DE ista hora in antea NON TOLRA NE DEZEBRA Guillelmus... alios quos cum consilio Guillelmi præscripti ACAPTARA... contra ipsos homines aut hominem, feminas vel <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=Silvia+Dilla" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">feminam</a> qui LI TOLRA præscriptum <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/10/tomo-xi-viaje-urgel-continuacion-indice.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">archiepiscopatum</a> O L' EN TOLRA, DE QUE Guifredus præscriptus EN COMONIRA... SI NON O FORSFA et si... O FORSFA, Guillelmus præscriptus vindicta NE PRENRA ENTRO LO COMONESCA PER NOM DE sacramento... QUE LI O EMEN. Et si Guifredus præscriptus EMMENAR LI O VOL ET LI O EMENDA... LA EMENDA RECEBRA O LA PERDONARA, et in antea ipsum sacramentum TENRA, ne infra ipsos duos primos menses vindicta NE PRENRA NE L' EN COMONRA, SI PER DRETT COMMONIMENT NON FA. SI COM in <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=Tamarite" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">isto</a> PERGAMEN ES SCRIT ET OM LEGIR I O POD, SI O TENRA ET O ATENRA... FORS QUANT... L' EN ABSOLVERA.<br />(2: Preuves de l' Histoire de Languedoc, t. II, col. 223.)<br /><br />Acte vers 1059.<br /><br />Promesse a la comtesse de Carcassonne.<br /><br />DE ista hora in antea NON DECEBRA Raymundus... <a href="https://amicsdelchapurriau.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">amicitiam</a> NON AURAI, NI TENRAI, NI PRENDRAI... ego Raymundus suprascriptus SABER T' O FARAI, SI O SAI, SENES TON ENGAN, antea QUE DAMS T' EN VENGA. NON TOLRA... NO LAS TE TOLRAI, NI T' EN TOLRAI, NE MALAMENT NO T' EN MENARAI, NI NON T' EN DECEBRAI... NO LAS TI TOLREI, NI T' EN TOLREI... NI NON T' EN DECEBRAI, NI MAL NO T' EN MENAREI... et adjutor TE SEREI... Non T' ENGANAREI... istud sacramentum TENRAI... LAS REDDREI... NE LI O TOLRAI, NI L' EN TOLRAI, NI LO LI O VEDARAI, NI HOM NI FEMNA, HOMES NI FEMNAS... SI O TENREI ET O ATTENDREI... FORS quantum TU M' EN ABSOLVERAS. (1: Preuves de l' Histoire de Languedoc, t. II, col. 231.)<br /><br />Acte de 1059.<br /><br />Serment prêté par Berenguer à Guillaume, <a href="https://jaime-i-conquistador.blogspot.com" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">seigneur de Montpellier</a>.<br /><br />DE AQUESTA HORA ADENANT NON TOLRA <a href="https://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/TOULOUSE%20NOBILITY.htm" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Berengarius LO FIL DE GUIDINEL</a> LO CASTEL DEL POJET QUE FO D' EN GOLEN A GUILLEM LO FIL DE BELIARDE, NI LI DEVEDRA NE L' EN DECEBRA D' AQUELLA FORZA QUE ES, NI ADENANT SERA GARNI EL NI HOM NI FEMNA AB LOU SON ART, NI AB SON GANNI, NI AB SON CONSEL; ET SI HOMS ES QUE O<br />FARA NI FEMNA, BERENGARS LO FIL GUIDINEL AB AQUELS SOCIETAT NO AURA, FORS QUANT PEL CASTEL A RECOBRAR, FORS QUANT GUILLEN LO FIL DE BELIARD L' EN SOLLICITERA ET SI RECOBRAR LO POT EN LA SUA POTESTAT DE GUILLEN LO TORNARA SANS DECEPTION ET SANS LOGRE D' AVER.<br />Facta est hæc carta, <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_Ier_(roi_des_Francs)" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">regnante Henrico</a> et <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippe_Ier_(roi_des_Francs)" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">ejus filio Philippo</a>.<br />(1: <a href="https://www.persee.fr/doc/ran_0557-7705_1969_num_2_1_899" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Gariel, Abrégé des antiquités de Montpellier</a>, 1665,p. 84. - D' Aigrefeuille, Histoire de Montpellier, 1737, p. 6. - Preuves de l' Histoire de Languedoc, t. II, col. 230.)<br />(N. E. En minúscula, excepto los nombres propios o de lugar:<br />De aquesta hora adenant non tolra <a href="https://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/TOULOUSE%20NOBILITY.htm" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Berengarius lo fil de Guidinel</a> lo castel del Pojet que fo d' en Golen a Guillem lo fil de Beliarde, ni li devedra ne l' en decebra d' aquella forza que es, ni adenant sera garni el ni hom ni femna ab lou son art, ni ab son ganni, ni ab son <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2023/04/xii-franquezas-de-mallorca.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">consel</a>; et si homs es que o fara ni femna, Berengars lo fil Guidinel ab aquels societat no aura, fors quant pel castel a recobrar, fors quant Guillen lo fil de Beliard l' en sollicitera et si recobrar lo pot en la sua <a href="https://lo-decameron.blogspot.com/2020/08/jornada-sexta-novela-septima.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">potestat</a> de Guillen lo tornara sans deception et sans logre d' aver.)<br /><br />Acte de 1060.<br /><br />Hommage à Raimond, comte de Barcelonne.<br /><br />JURO ego Poncius... ad vos Raimundum comitem... sine ENGAN... faciam sine vestro ENGAN... et si <a href="http://www.fundacionmedinaceli.org/casaducal/fichaindividuo.aspx?id=1070" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Artallus</a> comes <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/12/clxvi-reg-1-18-junio-1164.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Palearensis</a> senior meus non attenderit... illas convenientias quas habet CONVENGUDAS... ego attendam... sine vestro ENGAN... sic O TENREI ET O ATENDREI... sine vestro ENGAN. (2: Appendix Marcæ Hispanicæ, col. 1122.)<br /></span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" lang="es-ES" style="break-before: page; line-height: 27px; margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Actes vers 1062.<br /><br />Hommages à Frotaire, évêque de NIMES, et à Raimond, vicomte d' Albi et de Nimes.<br /><br />DE ista hora in antea NON DECEBRA ERMENGAUS... A Froterio episcopo filio Girberga NE Raimundo filio Bernardo... NON LI TOLRA NI NO 'L LI DEVEDARA NI NO L' EN DECEBRA... AB illo nec AB illos finem nec societatem NON AURA, si per castellum recuperare NON FA... LO TORNARA... LO COMONRA...<br />DE ista hora in antea Ugo... NO 'L TOLRA... NO 'L LOR TOLRA, etc.<br />DE ista hora in antea ego Petrus... NON VOS DECEBREI NE VOS NO 'LS TOLREI NE NO 'LS VOS DEVEDAREI LO CASTEL DE BERENGS, N' EL<br />CASTEL DE CAUSAC N' EL CASTEL de <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/02/l-perg-2205-jaime-i-3-octubre-1274.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Monteacuto</a> (N. E: <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/02/l-perg-2205-jaime-i-3-octubre-1274.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Montagut</a>), LAS FORTEZAS, etc.<br />DE ista hora in antea ego Ato Ermengaud... LO CASTEL DE CURVALA, LA FORTEZA... A TI Froterio ET A TI Raymundo NO 'L VOS TOLRAI NI VOS EN TOLRAI NI 'L VOS DEVEDARAI.<br />Hæc est notitia etc. TOTAS FORTEZAS quæ ibi modo sunt... PER FE, SENEZ ENGAN ET D' AQUEST SACRAMENT SO AUCTORICI ET FERMADOR BERNARD RIGALZ DE CADALONE, ADEMARS ITASSALZ ET PONS DE PENIRA ET AT LO VESCOMS ET GUILLEMS DE CATIAGE ET MATFREZ DE MONTELS. (1: Preuves de l' Histoire de Languedoc, t. II, col. 243.)<br />(N. E. En minúscula excepto nombres propios y lugares:<br />De ista hora in antea non decebra Ermengaus... a Froterio episcopo filio Girberga ne Raimundo filio Bernardo... non li tolra ni no 'l li devedara ni no l' en decebra... ab illo nec ab illos finem nec societatem non aura, si per castellum recuperare non fa... lo tornara... lo comonra... de ista hora in antea Ugo... no 'l tolra... no 'l lor tolra, etc. de ista hora in antea ego Petrus... non vos decebrei ne vos no 'ls tolrei ne no 'ls vos devedarei lo castel de Berengs, n' el castel de Causac n' el castel de Monteacuto las fortezas, etc. de ista hora in antea ego Ato Ermengaud... lo castel de Curvala, la <a href="https://regnemallorca.blogspot.com/2021/10/obras-criticas-litertarias.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">forteza</a>... a ti Froterio et a ti Raymundo no 'l vos tolrai ni vos en tolrai ni 'l vos devedarai. hæc est notitia etc. totas fortezas quæ ibi modo sunt... per fe, senez engan et d' aquest sacrament so auctorici et fermador Bernard Rigalz de Cadalone, Ademars Itassalz et Pons de Penira et At lo vescoms et Guillems de Catiage et <a href="https://lo-decameron.blogspot.com/2018/09/segona-jornada-novela-sexta.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Matfrez</a> de Montels.)<br /><br />Actes vers 1063.<br /><br />Accord entre Roger III, comte de Carcassonne, et <a href="https://www.geni.com/people/Roger-I-comte-de-Foix/6000000000896256138" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Roger I comte de Foix</a>.<br /><br />DE ista hora in antea NON DECEBRA Rogerius... NO LA 'L TOLRA... NO LA 'L TOLRA NE NUL NE TOLRA, NE NO LA 'L DEVEDERA, NE NULA' N DEVEDERA... et si homo est aut femina qui LA LI TOLRA aut LA LI DEVEDERA... societatem... NE AB illos NE AB illas NE TENRA NE NO AURA... LI TOLRAN O LA 'L DEVEDARAN... No L' ENGANARA... NE NO<br />S' EN RECREIRA, NE RECREDENT NON SERA, FORS QUANT... L' EN ABSOLVERA.<br />DE ista hora in antea NO LA 'L TOLRA <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=Roger" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Rotgarius</a>... NO LI TOLRA... NO 'L LI TOLRA NE NO 'L LI DEVEDARA... NO LAS TE TOLRE, NE NO T' EN DEVEDRE NE NO T' EN DECEBRE, NE NO LAS TE VEDARE... homo PER LUI... ACABDARA... NO L' EN TOLRA NE NO LAS LI DEVEDARA NE NO<br />L' EN DECEBRA, NE MALAMENT, NE omo per ipse NO 'L NE MENARA... NO O FARAI... et si omo est... QUI LAS LI TOLRA O L' EN TOLRA, A TI Rodgario... adjutor T' EN SERE... NO T' ENGANARE NE MALAMENT NO T' EN MENARE... et de ipsas justicias... NO T' EN <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2021/10/glosario-t.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">TOLRE</a> NE NO LAS DEVEDARE, ET SI LA N' AI LA medietatem T' EN DARE... et si omo est... QUI LAS TE VED OU LAS TE TOLLA, adjutor T' EN SERE... NO T' ENGANARE.<br />DE ista hora in antea ego Rodgarius... adjutor SERE... de totos homines et de totas fæminas de quæ TU CUMUNIRAS, OU CUMUNIR ME FARAS... in tuo DAM... exceptum omnes meos QUE A DREIT AURE OU A MERCE CUM a tibi TROBAR POIREI.<br />DE ista hora in antea non DECEBRA Rodgarius... NE NO 'L PENRA NE NO L' ASALIRA NE NO L' AUCIRA... NON O FARAI... nulla <a href="https://amicsdelchapurriau.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">amicitia</a> NON AURE, NE NON TENRE, NE NON PENRE... SI O TENRA ET O ATENRA... SINO FORS QUANT TU M' EN SOLVERAS. (1: Preuves de l' Histoire de Languedoc, t. II, col. 245.)<br /><br />Acte de 1064.<br />Serment d' Ermengaud, comte d' Urgel, à <a href="https://dbe.rah.es/biografias/10921/ramon-berenguer-i" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Raimond, comte de Barcelonne</a>. (N. E. <a href="https://dbe.rah.es/biografias/10921/ramon-berenguer-i" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ramón Berenguer I, el viejo</a>)<br /><br />JURO ego Ermengaudus... sine ENGAN... NON DEZEBRE Raimundum... NON DEZEBRE Raimundum jam dictum NE LI O TOLRE NE NO L' EN TOLRE... ipsam emendam REZEBRE aut PERDONARE... istum sacramentum illi TENRE ET ATENDRE... sic O TENRE ET O ATENDRE... sine suo ENGAN. (1: Appendix Marcæ Hispanicæ, col. 1128.)<br /><br />Acte de <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/05/dramatica-rendicion-barbastro-1064.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">1064</a>.<br />Serment d' <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/07/indice-tomo-primero-historia-condes.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ermengaud, comte d' Urgel</a>, à Raimond, comte de <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/07/vagueria-de-serdanya.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Cerdagne</a>.<br /><br />DE <u>hista</u> hora in antea ego Ermengaudus comes... NO DEZEBREI Raymundum comitem... NO LO TOLRE NE NO L' EN TOLRE, N' EL DEZEBRE, N' EL ENGANARE... et adjutor LI SERE contra cunctos homines aut feminas sine suo ENGAN unde Raymundus... M' EN COMONRA... et de ipso adjutorio NO L' ENGANARE, NE COMONIR NO M' EN VEDARE. Et si homo est... qui ei tollat... adjutor en SERE... unde Raymundus... M' EN COMONRA... et adjutor LI O SERE A TENER ET AD AVER... sine suo ENGAN et de ipso adjutorio NO L' ENGANARE NE COMONIR NO M' EN VEDARE... istum sacramentum LI TENRE donec commonitum eum habeam... ipsa emenda RECEBRE O LA PERDONARE... SI O TENRE ET O ATENDRE... sine ENGAN exceptum quantum Raymundus... M' EN ABSOLVERA. (2: Appendix Marcæ Hispanicæ, col. 1130.)<br /><br />Acte vers 1066.<br /><br />Accord entre Raimond de Saint-Gilles et Guifred, archevêque de Narbonne.<br /><br />EGO Raimundus... adjutor T' EN SEREI ET AB LUI ET SENES LUI... adjutorium... LI TENREI ET LI FAREI.<br />DE ista hora in antea ego Raimundus... NON DECEBREI Guifredum archiepiscopum... NI T' O TOLREI NE T' EN TOLREI... adjutor T' EN SEREI... per quantas vices M' EN COMMONRAS... ET DEL COMMONIMENT NON DEVEDERAI et illum aut illos qui per te ME COMONRA aut COMONRAR M' EN VOLRA, per me neque per meum consilium REGUARD NON AURA... SI O TENDREI ET O ATENDREI... FORS quantum TU M' EN SOLVERAS. (1: Preuves de l' Histoire de Languedoc, t. II, col. 251.)<br /><br />Acte de 1066.<br />Accord entre l' archevêque et le vicomte de Narbonne.<br /><br />DE ista hora in antea... non DEZEBREI Guifredum... NO LI O TOLREI NE L' EN TOLREI NE LI O VEDAREI... NO LI O TOLREI NE L' EN TOLREI, NE L' EN DEZEBREI... SI O ATENDREI.<br />DE ista hora in antea ego Petrus... non DEZEBREI Guifredum suprascriptum NE NO TOLREI, N' EL TOLREI NE LI O VEDAREI, NE MAL NO 'L NE LA MENAREI... SI O TENREI ET O TENDREI. (2: Preuves de l' Histoire de Languedoc, t. II, col. 252.)<br /><br />Acte de 1067.<br />Donation de la comtesse de Carcassone a son gendre Guillaume, comte de Cerdagne.<br /><br />HÆC est convenientia quæ facta est inter Rengardis comitissa et Guillermum... in potestate de Guillermo jam dicto LOS METRE ET PODEROS L' EN FARE sine suo ENGAN, ET AFFIDAR LOS SI FARE... et de ipsos castellos EN PODEROSA NO SO, adjutor EN SERE ad <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/12/union-condado-barcelona-reino-aragon.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Guillermum</a>... et si ad prædicta Rengardis VENIA EN TALENT QUE SE STEGESS PER SO CHABALL AD UNA PART QUE TENGESS Rengardis prædicta LA MEDIETAD DE LAS DOMINICATURAS... in jam dicta omnia ENCOMBRE NO LI META per ullum ingenium, NE LI FACA ad damnum... et similiter convenit Guillermus... ut... in jam dicta omnia ENCOMBRE NO LI META NE LI FACA per ullum ingenium ad damnum... Rengardis, et de ipsas honores supradictas NO LES DO NE LES DONEN ENCOMBRE Guillermus... et si homo est... ego Rengardis præscripta GUARENTS T' EN SERE per directam fidem sine tuo ENGAN. (1: Appendix Marcæ Hispanicæ, col. 1135. - Preuves de l' Histoire de Languedoc, t. II, col. 260.)<br /><br />Acte vers 1068.<br />Serment fait par Raimond Berenguer de Narbonne à Raimond Bernard vicomte d' Albi et de Nimes et a son épouse.<br /><br />HIC est brevis sacramentalis quod fecit Raymundus Berengarius... NON DECEBRAI <a href="https://ramonguimeralorente.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Raymundum</a> vicecomitem... NO L' AUCIRAI NI NO 'L PRENDRAI... NON LAS TE TOLREI, NI T' EN TOLREI... SI O TENDRAI ET O ATENDRAI.<br />DE ista hora in antea non DECEBRA Raymundus filius Garsendis... NI LO PRENDRA NI L' AUCIRA... neque suos honores NON TOLRA... et si homo est aut fæmina qui hoc faciat, cum illo... societatem... NON AURAI et si tu Hermengards... ME COMONS... in adjutorio T' EN SERAI... (1: Preuves de l' Histoire de Languedoc, t. II, col. 266.)<br /><br />Charte de 1075, en faveur de Raymond, <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vaticannews.va%2Ffr%2Feglise%2Fnews%2F2023-09%2Fzimbabwe-mgr-tapiwa-mupa-nomme-eveque-de-masvingo.html&psig=AOvVaw2889tkWQA1imrgAX9Rqk77&ust=1696156046764000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CBIQjhxqFwoTCLjMteiP0oEDFQAAAAAdAAAAABAE" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">évêque de</a> Nice.<br /><br />EGO Fredulus et ego Rodulfus, etc. EU NON TI DECEBRAI de tua vita... NI NON TI DECEBRAI DEL CASTEL DE DRAP, DEL BASTIMENT QUE FAIT I ES, NI in antea factus hic erit PER NOM de castello, NI homo NI femina per meum consilium... A TI RAYMUN... et si homo erit o femina qui A TI RAYMUN LO TOLC O AD AQUEIS <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/search?q=episcopo" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">episcopis</a> qui episcopi SERAN DE NISSA, EU AB AQUEL NI AB AQUELLA NI AB AQUELS NI AB AQUELLAS finem N' AURAI NI PLAC O finem valeat SI PER LO CASTEL A RECOBRAR NO O AVIA EL AUN LO RECOBRARIA in ipsa <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/12/lxii-perg-1-fol-16-27-enero-1150.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">convenientia</a>, VOS EN ESTARIA ET PER quantas vices TU RAYMUN LO MI QUERAS O M' EN SOMMOURAS PER NOM DE sacramento PER TI O per tuo misso o per tuos missos TI illi episcopi qui venturi sunt post te DE NISSA ego VOS RENDRAI sicurato infra octo dies. (2: Papon, Histoire de Provence, t. II, p. 459. Il ajoute, dans la note où cette charte est rapportée: “J' ai trouvé plusieurs chartes de l' an 1040, ou environ, conçues dans les mêmes termes ou à-peu-près.”)</span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" lang="es-ES" style="line-height: 27px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Actes vers 1075.<br />Serment de Guillaume, comte de Toulouse, envers Raymond, comte de Barcelonne.<br />EGO jamdictus Guillelmus NO LA T TOLRE, NE T' EN TOLRE, NE T' EN DECEBRE, NE T' EN ENGANNARE... adjutor EN SERE... sine tuo ENGAN contra cunctos homines... DE QUI TU M' EN COMONRAS... ET COMMONIR NO M' EN DESNEDARE nec de ipso adjutorio NO T' ENGANNARE... SI O TENRE ET O ATENDRE... nisi quantum TU ME ABSOLVERAS. (1: <a href="https://books.google.de/books?id=m4MRrCu-rxEC&pg=PA51&lpg=PA51&dq=%22Appendix+Marc%C3%A6+Hispanic%C3%A6%22&source=bl&ots=A0V5KIQekw&sig=ACfU3U3Nw5TrhrZI_KGV-XHPxTvVCc99uQ&hl=es&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjTjp_0ndKBAxWVG-wKHTPzD7wQ6AF6BAgLEAM" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Appendix Marcæ Hispanicæ</a>, col. 1167.)<br /><br />Actes vers 1076.<br />Hommages rendus a la vicomtesse de Beziers et de Nimes, et a son fils.<br /><br />DE ista hora in antea ego Gaucelinus... NO LAS TOLRAI, NI L' EN TOLRAI, NI LAS DEVEDARA NI L' EN DECEBRA... et si homo est aut fæmina... QUI LA tollant, NI L' EN tollant adjutor L' EN SERA.<br />De ista hora ENANT, Bernardus et Petrus... LO CASTEL DE ROCHACEDERA, LA FORCIA quæ ibi est... NO 'L LI TOLRAN NI NO L' EN TOLRAN... NE NO 'L LI DEVEDARAN.<br />AUS TU <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/12/cxxii-apen-9-febrero-1161.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ermengardis</a>?... Ego Ugo... LO castellum de Caxanicis LAS fortidias quæ modo ibi sunt... non eas tibi tollam.<br />AUS TU Bernardus Ato FIL Ermengardis? Ego Ugo... <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/01/la-rosada-del-mati-viernes-de-hermandad.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">LO castellum</a>... LAS fortidias QUE modo ibi sunt, etc.. (2: Preuves de l' Histoire de Languedoc, t. II, col. 291.)<br /><br />Actes vers 1077.<br />Promesse de <a href="https://epistolae.ctl.columbia.edu/letter/25510.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Raymond de Saint-Gilles</a> a Guifred, <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guifred_de_Cerdagne_(archev%C3%AAque_de_Narbonne)" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">archevêque de Narbonne</a>.<br /><br />DE ista hora in antea... NON DEZEBRAI... adjutor L' EN SEREI ET AB LUI et sine LUI... adjutorium vel adjutorios LI TENREI E LI FAREI... SI O TENREI ET O ATENDREI. (1: Preuves de l' Histoire de Languedoc, t. II, col. 298.)<br /><br />Acte vers 1078.<br />Serment de Pierre de Narbonne à l' archevêque Guifred.<br /><br />DE ista hora in antea... non DEZEBREI Guifredum... NE LI O TOLREI NE L' EN TOLREI... NI AB FORFAIT NI SANS FORFAIT... si <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2022/11/apendice-de-viris-illustribus-catalanis.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Guifredus</a>... NO FORSFA... sacramentum LI TENREI. (2: Preuves de l' Histoire de Languedoc, t. II, col. 299.)<br /><br />Titre DE 1080.<br />For d' Oleron. (3: <a href="https://bvpb.mcu.es/es/consulta/registro.do?id=423525" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">De Marca, Hist. de Béarn</a>, p. 545 et 385. Les variantes qui se trouvent entre quelques mots de ce texte et de celui de M. de Marca, ont été prises dans une copie que j' ai de la pièce originale.)<br /><br />JO CENTOLH, PER LA GRACIA DE DIU, VESCOMS DE BEARN ET COMS DE BEGORRE, VULH QUE AQUESTA CIUTAT QUE ERE DESPOPLADE, PER COSSELH ET ADJUTORI DE MOOS BAROOS DE Bearn, A MA HONOR ET PROFIEYT ET DE TOTS MOOS SUCCESSORS FOSSE POBLADE. A LA QUAL<br />POBLACION VIENCO HOMIS DE DIVERSES PARTIDES ET APERATS LOR ENSEMS PLAGO A MI QUE JO DEPARTIS TOT PLENERAMENTS AB LOR LAS LEIS ET LOS DRETS ET LORS FORS D' EQUESTA CIUTAT.<br />U SSO STABLI ET DONA SAUBETAT AD AQUESTA CIUTAT EN TAU CONVENT QUE NULH STRANI NO Y FASSE NULH EMBADIMENT AD AUGUN HOM DENS LOS TERMIS DE LA SAUBETAT, etc... (1)<br /><br />(1) Aux divers actes qui offrent, soit en entier, soit par fragments, plusieurs monuments précieux de la langue romane jusqu' en 1080, je joins ici, comme servant d' explication ou de commentaire, quelques titres d' une date postérieure, parce que rédigés entièrement en cette langue, ils expliquent les passages latins analogues qu' il a été nécessaire d' insérer pour faciliter l' intelligence des mots romans épars dans ces différents passages latins.<br />(N. E. En minúsculas:<br />Jo <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/07/garcia-aznarez-asesino-centulo-bigorra-sallent-gallego.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Centolh</a>, - <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/07/garcia-aznarez-asesino-centulo-bigorra-sallent-gallego.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Céntulo de Bigorra</a> - per la gracia de diu, vescoms de <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/02/xxxii-reg-8-fol-67-15-marzo-1260-cervaria-cervera.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Bearn</a> et <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/07/garcia-aznarez-asesino-centulo-bigorra-sallent-gallego.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">coms de Begorre</a>, vulh que aquesta ciutat que ere despoplade, per cosselh et adjutori de <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/04/leyendas-historia-paralela-aragon-medieval.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">moos baroos de Bearn</a>, a ma honor et <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/01/pedro-ceremonioso-v-1529-pars-1-fol-16.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">profieyt</a> et de tots moos successors fosse poblade. A la qual poblacion vienco homis de diverses partides et aperats lor ensems plago a mi que jo departis tot pleneraments ab lor las leis et los drets et lors <b>fors</b> d' equesta ciutat.<br />U sso stabli et dona saubetat ad aquesta ciutat en tau convent que nulh strani no y fasse nulh embadiment ad augun hom dens los <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/03/xxiii-reg-2-fol-4345-30-oct-1181-batea-algars.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">termis</a> de la saubetat, etc...<br /><br />Titre de 1088.<br />For de Morlac.<br /><br />Nul hom d' esta <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/07/vagueria-de-serdanya.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">biele</a> no sie <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=tingut" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">thiencut</a> de anar en ost en <b><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/search?q=Espanya" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Espanha</a></b> per man de senhor, ni deu esser destret, sino que y bolosse anar de grat.<br />(1: De Marca, Histoire de Béarn, p. 339.)<br /><br />Acte vers 1090.<br />Donation faite a l' <a href="https://www.academia.edu/40493765/Recueil_des_actes_de_labbaye_de_Moissac_680_1175" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">église de Biule</a>.<br /><br />Carta de remembrament que NA Guillelma la viscomtessa deg lo dreg e 'l tort que avia, e 'l deime de Pug Cavaler dec a diu e a san Salvador et als abitadors de la gleisa de Biule e ma de Guillem lo capela. Testimoni Esteve de Vilars, EN Ug de Cantamerle et Hug del Broll. Per aquest do li deu far om so aniversari a leis et a 'N Ugo de Larroca so marit de la festa Crispini et Crispiniani. (2: <a href="https://archivesetmanuscrits.bnf.fr/resultatRechercheSimple.html?TEXTE_LIBRE_INPUT=Languedoc&FACET_TROUVE_DANS_SELECTED=COTE_INPUT&COTE_INPUT=Languedoc" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Preuves de l' Histoire de Languedoc</a>, t. II, col. 285.)<br /><br />Acte vers 1122.<br />Hommage rendu par Bernard, comte de Melgor, à Guillaume de Montpellier.<br /><br />EU Bernard coms de Melgor, fils de Marie, jur a te Guillelm de <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/search?q=Montpellier" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Montpesler</a> fil d' Ermessens ta vida et ta membra, et que d' aquesta hora enant, eu <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/03/artur-quintana-arturo-quintana.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">non t' enganarei</a> de ta honor, ni de ton aver, meu escient; et si nescies o fazia, (...)<br /><br />Titres de 1080.<br />For du Bearn.<br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"></span></p><p align="LEFT" lang="es-ES" style="line-height: 27px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">QUANT LO SENHOR ENTRARA EN POSSESSION DE LA SENHORIE DE BEARN, QUE JURI AUS BARONS ET A TOTE LA CORT DE BEARN QUE ED LOS SERA FIDEU SENHOR, ET QUE JUDJARA AB LOR DREITURERAMENT, ET QUE NO LOS FARA PREJUDICI; ET APRES, EDS DEBON JURAR A LUI QUE LO SERAN FIDEUS ET QUE LO TIARON SENHOR PER JUTJAMENT DE LA CORT. (1: De Marca, Histoire de Béarn, p. 545.)<br /><br />(N. E. En minúsculas: Quant lo senhor entrara en possession de la senhorie de Bearn, que juri aus barons et a tote la cort de Bearn que ed los sera fideu senhor, et que judjara ab lor dreiturerament, et que no los fara prejudici; et apres, eds debon jurar a lui que lo seran fideus et que lo tiaron senhor per<span> </span><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2021/09/el-desconsuelo-desconort-bilingue.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">jutjament</a><span> </span>de la cort.)<br /><br />Quant lo senhor entrara en possession de la senhorie de Bearn, que juri aus barons et a tote la cort de Bearn que ed los sera<span> </span><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2021/10/glosario-f.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">fideu</a><span> </span>senhor, et<br /><br />Acte de 1137.<br />Hommage rendu à Roger, Comte de Foix.<br /><br />Ego Berengers fils d' Aldiard, et eu Bertrand fils d' Aldiard, et eu Raimond fils de Condet, et eu Bertrand fils de Condet, juram a tu Roger fil d' Estephania comte de Foix le castel que<span> </span><i>vocant</i><span> </span>Perela, et las forcas qui ara i son et adenant i seran, etc., salva la fedeltat del comte de Tholose per achest sants. (2: Preuves de l' Histoire de Languedoc, t. II, col. 450.)<br /><br />Actes DE 1139. (3: Manuscrits de Colbert, n° 165 déja cité. - Preuves de l' Histoire de Languedoc, t. II, col. 485.)<br /><br />Hommage fait par Pierre Guillems à Roger du château de Penna.<br /><br /><i>Ego Petrus Guillelmus filius</i><span> </span>de Guitberga, lo castel de Penna las fortezias que ara i son ni adenant<span> </span><b>y</b><span> </span>seran a tu Roger<span> </span><i>filio</i><span> </span>de Cedilia no las te tolrei, ni t' en tolrei, ni las te vedarei, ni t' en vedarei; et si era om ni femna que las te tolges ni t' en tolges, amor ni societat ab lui non auria, fors qual tu se per lo castel rocobrar no avia; quant cobrat l' auria, en ta postat lo tornaria, aisi vers ajutoris t' en serei, sans logre de ton aver; aisi t' o tenrei et t' o atendrei senes to engan.<span> </span><i>per hæc sancta,</i><span> </span>etc.<br /><br />Hommage fait par Raimond et Olivier à Roger du château de Penna.<br /><br /><i>Ego Raimundus Amelius et ego Oliverius filii Beatricis</i><span> </span><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/03/clv-secret-10-alfon-iv-fol-10-25-enero-1453.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">juram</a><span> </span>lo castel de Penna et las forcias que ara i so ni adenant y seran a Roger de Beders lo fil de Cedilia que nos lo 'l reddam per tots los seus<span> </span><i>homo</i><span> </span>ni omes per<br />lui o per so message, o per sos messages, no no lo' l tolrem ni l' en tolrem ni l' en vedarem; et se era om ni femna ni<span> </span><i>fœminas</i><span> </span>ni ome qui 'l li tolges, ni l' en tolges, nos ver adjutori l' en serem, senes loguer de son aver et de sa honor; ab achel fi ni societat non auran mas qual el tal auria, se per lo castel cobrar no o aviam, et quant cobrat l' auram tornat l' am e so poder, per fe et senes engan, e d' aquest sagrament so auctorici et fermador, etc.<br /><br />Hommage fait par Amels à Roger du château de Penna.<br /><br />Eu Amels de Penna fils de<span> </span><a href="https://beceite.blogspot.com/2017/02/senders-ports-tortosa-beseit.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Berenguerra</a><span> </span><i>fœmina</i>, a tu Roger de Beders fil de Cedilia<span> </span><i>fœmina</i>, juri lo castel de Penna las forzas que ara i son et adenant i seran no 'l te vedarei, no 'l te tolrei ni t' en tolrei, ni si era om ni femna ni<span> </span><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/01/lleidata-catala.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">femnas</a><span> </span>ni<span> </span><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/03/num-51-legajo-cartas-reales-num-84-25-marzo-1344.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">omes</a><span> </span>qu' el te vedes ni 'l te tolges ni t' en tolges, eu ab achel amor ni societat non auria, se per lo castel cobrar no avia, et quant cobrat lo avia e ton poder lo tornaria senes logre de ton aver et de ta honor, quant tu me commonrias per tu o per to message o per tos messages et aquest sacrament tenrei aissi quo en aquesta carta es escrivit: auctorici Matfre de Montels e Raimon de<span> </span><a href="https://www.yumpu.com/fr/document/view/18300965/cartulaire-des-templiers-de-vaour-tarn-publie-par-ch-portal-et-" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Malafalqueira</a><span> </span>e Ponc (*)<span> </span><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2018/12/javier-giralt-latorre.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Guiral</a><span> </span>(**) e Guillem<span> </span><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/03/natxo-sorolla-ignacio-sorolla.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">de Penna</a><span> </span>lo Calve e Ponc d' Ero et Artmant lo vescomte de Brunequel.<br />(*: N. E. Ponç, Ponce, Poncio; ** : com<span> </span><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2018/12/javier-giralt-latorre.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Javier Giralt Latorre</a>,<span> </span><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/03/natxo-sorolla-ignacio-sorolla.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">aragonés catalanista de debò</a>.)<br /><br />Acte de 1152.<br />Hommage de Sichar à Raymond Trencavel.<br /><br />Aus (1) tu<span> </span><a href="https://ramonguimeralorente.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Raimuns</a><span> </span>Trencavel vescoms de Beders fils de Cezilia<span> </span><a href="https://recherchesfrance.blogspot.com/2023/07/6-33-gouvernement-provinces-femmes-magnanimite-ancienne.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">vescomtesse</a>, et tu Rogers fils de Raimuns Trencavel et de Saura comtesse? Eu Sichars de Laurac fils d' Ava, d' aquesta hora en avant lo castel de Montlauder... no 'l vos tolrei, etc.. (2: Preuves de l' Histoire de Languedoc, t. II, col. 542.)<br />(1) Cette formule interrogatoire, dont on a vu précédemment un exemple, p. 66, avait été aussi employée en latin: un acte de 1090, rapporté par D' Aigrefeuille, Histoire de la ville de Montpellier, liv. I, p. 6, porte: Audi tu Gotofrede<span> </span><a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/06/tomo-3-apendice-10-bula-union-iglesias.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">episcope</a>, etc.<br /><br />Acte de 1158.<br />Hommage fait par Sichard à Raymond Trencavel et a son fils du château de Pomiradu. (Pomirada)<br /><br /><i>Anno millesimo centesimo quinquagesimo octavo incarnati verbi divini,</i><br /><i>quartâ feriâ, decimo septimo kalendas Augusti, Ludovico rege regnante.</i><span> </span>Aus tu Raymon Trencavel vescoms de Beders fils de Cecilia vescomtessa et tu Rogers fils de<span> </span><a href="https://ramonguimeralorente.blogspot.com" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Raymon</a><span> </span>Trencavel et de Saura<span> </span><i>comitissa</i>? Eu Sicard de Laurag fils de Ava, d' aquesta hora enant lo castel de la Pomirada ni las forsas que ara i<span> </span><i>sunt</i><span> </span>ni adenant y seran, no 'l vos tolrei ni vos ne tolrei ni las vos vedarei ni las vos devedarei et per quantas<span> </span><u>vegadas</u><span> </span>vos per<span> </span><i><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/01/rondaya-de-rondayas-en-mallorqui.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">vosmetipsos</a></i>, o per vostre message, o per vostres messages las me demanderez, eu las vos reddrei et reddre las vos farei, senes lo vostre engan; et si era hom ni femna qui las vos tolgues, o vos en tolguez, ni homes ni femnas qui las vos tolguessan, ni vos en tolguessun, ab achel ni ab aqueles amor ni<span> </span><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/07/associacio-catalanista-matarranya-ascuma-calaceite-teruel.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">societat</a><span> </span>non auria, tro eu las vos reddes et en vostre poder, senes engan et senes logre de vostre aver et de vostre honor las tornes. Aisi cum es desobre escript, o tenrai et o atendrei senes engan.<span> </span><i>Per hæc sancta evangelia</i>, etc. (1: Manuscrits de Colbert, n° 165 déja cité. - Preuves de l' Hist. de Languedoc, t. II, col. 570.)<br />Acte vers 1160.<br />Donation faite par la comtesse de Biule et ses enfants.<br /><br /><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/06/lxxxiv-reg-1893-fol-54-4-nov-1387.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Conoguda</a><span> </span>causa sia que Na<span> </span><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/search?q=Petronila" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Peironela</a><span> </span>la viscomtessa dec lo decime de tota sa terra et de tota sa honor que avia en la parrochia de la gleisa de Biule ab amor et ab voluntat de tots sos homes, do autrejec N Arnaus Bernars sos fils et sa filla Na Braida a deu et a la gleisa de Biule et a la maiso de Moissac; per aquest do lo om receuta et la maiso de Moissac per morga et donat autrejat sa part... que sera faits ni dits et a la maiso<br />de Moissac, e l' abas Roberti d' Albaroca l' an receup En Guillems lo morgues, etc. D' aquest do fo testimonis N Uc de Broll, EN<span> </span><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/03/cxliii-reg-2234-fol-71-1-mayo-1398.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Arnauts</a><span> </span>Gauters, EN Bernarts de Monbo, EN Audiars de l' Averna, etc. Et dels autres gran massa, per sa voluntat volc mais dar la terra que NA Grossa tenia de leis aquesta terra del Poh et de la Golbertia et la terra de Baireira, e 'l feus que tenia e Lavinariera ni Bernats sos fraire de leis. (2: Preuves de l' Histoire de Languedoc, t. II, col. 285.)<br /><br />Acte de 1168.<br />Aquesta carta es del estar que a Bernitz Elisiars de Salve et<span> </span><i>sui infantes.</i><span> </span><i>Anno ab incarnatione dom.<span> </span></i>M. C. LXVIII s' esdevenc qu' EN Elisiars de Salve et sos fraire En Rostang, Aimerun,<span> </span><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/07/capitulo-xxxiv-reyes-godos-nacion-amalarico-san-justo-obispo-urgel.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Alarig</a>, Jacme, li<span> </span><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/05/de-exequiis-sepultura-et-infirmitate.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">vescontessa</a><span> </span>de Nemse NA<span> </span><a href="https://www.wilhelma.de/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Villelma</a><span> </span>venc ab ela a parlament, e dis lur que ela avia auzit dir que il voliun vendre tot quant avion a Berniz, e vedet lur que non<span> </span><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2018/03/luis-rajadell.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">vendesson</a><span> </span>ad altre se a son fil<span> </span><u>oc</u><span> </span>que de lo teniun et ela<span> </span><u>daria</u><span> </span>lur en aitant com altre e mais. Rostainz de Salve et Ilisiartz sos fraire conogron que del vescomte teniun tot quant aviun a Berniz, e disserun que ja no o volriun ad altre ni o vendriun. Apres la viscontessa dis lur que l' estars da Berniz lur l' avia obs et il trameserun a la vescontessa las claus del lur estar de Berniz per Peirun de la Torre. (1: Preuves de l' Histoire de Languedoc, t. II, col. 607.)</span></p>Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1217969734972724911.post-59966861473930068882023-09-26T22:35:00.001+02:002023-09-26T22:35:23.334+02:00A los muyt reverendes egregios nobles et honorables senyores el parlament general del principado de Cathalunya<p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/11/coleccion-documentos-corona-aragon-tomo-iii-parte-5.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Núm. 339. Tom. 20. Fol. 1664.</a></span></p><div lang="es-ES" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br />A los <b>muyt</b> <u>reverendes</u> egregios nobles el (et) honorables senyores el <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/11/coleccion-documentos-corona-aragon-tomo-iii-parte-5.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><b>parlament</b> general del <b>principado de Cathalunya</b></a>. - <b>Muyt</b> reverendes egregios nobles et honorables senyores: Como por razon de la utilidad publica de <b>aquesti</b> <u>regno</u> el <b>parlament</b> presente hayamos <b>prorogado</b> a la <b>ciudat</b> de <b><a href="https://universidad-zaragoza.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Çaragoça</a></b>: por <b>aquesto</b> a las vuestras reverencias noblezas et honorables <b>saviesas</b> las cosas <b>anteditas</b> notificamos: las <b>quales</b> <u>nostre</u> <b>Senyor</b> <u>quera</u> de bien en <u>millor</u> prosperar. <b>Scripta</b> en <b><a href="https://www.amazon.es/Alca%C3%B1iz-Descripci%C3%B3n-hist%C3%B3rica-art%C3%ADstica-circunstanciada/dp/1793807116" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Alcanyiç</a></b> a XXVI dias de <b>março</b> del <b>anyo</b> mil <i>quatrecientos</i> <b>dotze</b>. - El <b>parlament</b> general del <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/11/coleccion-documentos-corona-aragon-tomo-iii-parte-5.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><b>regno</b> de <b>Aragon</b></a> <u>apparallado</u> a vuestra honor.</span></div><div><span face=""verdana" , sans-serif" style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br />//<br /><br />Texto escrito por el parlamento general del reino de Aragón en 1412, 26 de marzo, pre <a href="https://www.amazon.es/Alca%C3%B1iz-Descripci%C3%B3n-hist%C3%B3rica-art%C3%ADstica-circunstanciada/dp/1793807116" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Compromiso de Caspe</a>.<br />Así era la <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/11/aragonensi-lingua.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">lengua aragonesa</a> escrita a principios del siglo XV.</span></div>Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1217969734972724911.post-69540157571448055552023-09-22T21:53:00.007+02:002023-11-04T17:28:42.723+01:00Recherches sur l' origine et la formation de la langue romane.<p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Recherches sur l' origine et la formation de la</span><span> </span><b>langue romane</b><span>.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="break-before: page; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Éléments de la grammaire de cette langue, avant l' an 1000.<br /><br />Dès que les Romains se crurent appelés à la conquête du monde, ils sentirent l' avantage et la nécessité d' attacher à la métropole les nations soumises ou vaincues: parmi les moyens que la sagesse du sénat eut l' art d' employer, l' un des plus prompts et des plus efficaces fut d' établir, avec ces différentes nations, les rapports sociaux, les liens politiques d' une communauté de langage; et toutes les fois que la victoire permettait au peuple-roi d' imposer le joug de sa domination (1), il imposait aussi celui de son idiôme.<br />(1) At enim opera data est ut imperiosa civitas non solùm jugum, verùm etiam linguam suam domitis gentibus, per pacem societatis, imponeret. <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_ciudad_de_Dios" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">S. August. de Civit. Dei</a>, lib. 19, cap. 7.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les magistrats romains affectèrent de n' admettre que cet idiôme dans leurs communications avec les cités de la Grèce et de l' Asie; plus ils faisaient vanité de connaître et d' estimer les chefs-d'œuvre de la littérature grecque, plus ils exigeaient impérieusement que le descendant de <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miltiade_le_Jeune" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Miltiade</a> ou d' <a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristide" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Aristide</a>, empruntant la voix d' un interprète, rendît hommage à la langue des maîtres du monde (1: Magistratus verò prisci quantoperè suam populique romani majestatem retinentes se gesserint, hinc cognosci potest, quòd, inter cætera obtinendæ gravitatis indicia, illud quoque magnâ cum perseverantiâ custodiebant, ne Græcis unquam nisi latinè responsa darent. Quin etiam ipsâ linguæ volubilitate, quâ plurimum valet, excussâ, per interpretem loqui cogebant; non in urbe tantùm nostrâ, sed etiam in <a href="https://brauliofoz.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Græciâ</a> et Asiâ; quò scilicet latinæ vocis honos per omnes gentes venerabilior diffunderetur. Val. Max. lib. 2, cap. 2.)</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Une loi expresse enjoignait aux Préteurs de ne promulguer qu' en latin leurs décrets et leurs édits (2: Decreta a prætoribus latinè interponi debent. L. Decreta D. lib. 42, tit. I De re judicata.).</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On lit dans Strabon (3: Edit. Oxon., liv. 3, p. 202) que, sous la domination romaine, les Espagnols de la Bétique s' assujettirent tellement aux mœurs étrangères, qu' ils oublièrent l' idiôme natal.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Le même auteur (4) nous apprend que, dès le siècle d' Auguste, une grande partie des Gaulois avait adopté la langue et les usages des Romains.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(4) Ib. lib. 4, p. 258."Les <b><a href="https://www.cosmovisions.com/ChronoVolces.htm" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Volcae</a></b>, dit-il, s' étendent jusqu' aux bords du <a href="https://www.france.fr/de/provence/artikel/die-rhone" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Rhône</a>: les <b><a href="https://www.persee.fr/doc/rea_0035-2004_1910_num_12_3_1636" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Salyes</a></b> et les <b><a href="https://boowiki.info/art/ligure-3/cavari.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Cavari</a></b> occupent la rive opposée. Mais le nom de ces derniers a tellement prévalu sur les noms des autres peuples, qu'on nomme Cavari tous les barbares leurs voisins, qui ont même cessé d' être barbares: car ils ont adopté pour la plupart la langue et la façon de vivre des Romains."</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cette remarque de Strabon suffirait pour prouver que les autres Gaulois, qu' il ne regarde pas comme barbares, usaient de la langue latine. C'est principalement la différence d' idiome qui faisait donner aux peuples étrangers la dénomination de barbares.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Telle était la force de l' opinion publique, qu' un empereur, hazardant devant le sénat le <a href="https://www.larousse.fr/dictionnaires/francais/monopole/52393" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">mot de Monopole</a>, emprunté du grec (1), crut nécessaire de s' excuser. Et cet empereur, c'était Tibère.<br />(1: <a href="https://brauliofoz.blogspot.com/2021/04/cronologia-necesaria-para-la-perfecta.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Sermone græco</a>, quamquam aliàs promptus et facilis, non tamen usquequaque usus est: abstinuitque maximè in senatu; adeò quidem ut Monopolium nominaturus, priùs veniam postularit quod sibi verbo peregrino utendum esset: atque etiam in quodam decreto patrum, cum *gr una recitaretur, commutandam censuit vocem, et pro <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=peregrina" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">peregrinâ</a> nostratem requirendam, si non reperiretur, vel pluribus et per ambitum verborum rem enuntiandam. Sueton. in Tib. Cap. 71.)</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dans une autre circonstance, il fit effacer d' un décret du sénat le mot d' Embleme, et il prescrivit d' employer une périphrase, plutôt que d' admettre cette expression étrangère.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Par l' ordre de l' <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claude_(empereur_romain)" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">empereur Claude</a>, un gouverneur de la province de Grèce, personnage très distingué, fut privé de son emploi, et même du droit de citoyen. Quel était son tort? il ignorait la langue latine.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyciens" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Lyciens</a>, coupables de rébellion, avaient député à Rome un de leurs compatriotes, honoré du titre de citoyen romain. Ce même prince, interrogeant l' envoyé, et reconnaissant qu' il n' entendait pas le latin, le dépouilla du droit de cité, alléguant que, pour être digne de participer aux priviléges des Romains, il était indispensable de comprendre et de parler leur langue (1: (1) Dio Cass. lib. 60, edit. Reimar. p. 955).</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A l' époque où <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plutarque" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Plutarque</a> composait ses ouvrages, il regardait cette langue comme universelle (2: Plat. Moral. quest. X, edit. <a href="https://ia800708.us.archive.org/view_archive.php?archive=/22/items/crossref-pre-1909-scholarly-works/10.1515%252Fagph.1900.13.1.119.zip&file=10.1515%252Fagph.1903.16.2.189.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Wyttembach</a>, t. V, p. 112.)</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Adoptée par la province d' Afrique, elle avait entièrement prévalu sur l' <b><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_p%C3%BAnico" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">idiôme carthaginois</a></b>, autrefois seul idiôme des pays où l' illustre <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agust%C3%ADn_de_Hipona" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">évêque d' Hippone</a> exerçait son pieux ministère (3: Verba latina didici sine ullo metu atque cruciatu, inter etiam blandimenta nutricum et joca arridentium et lætitias alludentium. Confess. lib. I, cap. 14. Quæ linguæ... quarum nostra latina est. De Trinit. lib. 15, c. 10.)<br />Aussi, dans l' un de ses sermons, il s' explique en ces termes:</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"On connaît le proverbe <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_p%C3%BAnico" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><b>punique</b> </a>que je rapporterai en latin, parce que chacun de vous n' entend pas le punique. Ce vieux proverbe dit:<br />Si la peste demande un denier, donne-lui en deux, et qu' elle s' éloigne (4: Proverbium notum est <b><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_p%C3%BAnico" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">punicum</a></b>, quod quidem latinè vobis dicam, quia <b><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_p%C3%BAnico" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">punicè</a></b> non omnes nostis; punicum enim proverbium est antiquum: <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=catalanistes" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Nummum quærit pestilentia, duos illi da</a>, <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=cascala" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">et ducat se</a>.” Sermo 168 de Verb. Apostol.)</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' usage de n' admettre que la langue latine comme idiôme national était tellement établi et observé, que, même après la translation du siége de l' empire, Arcadius et Honorius furent obligés de rendre une loi expresse, pour permettre aux magistrats de rédiger leurs jugements en grec ou en latin (5: L. Judices c. de sentent. et interloc.)</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les peuples subordonnés à l' autorité de Rome n' avaient parlé d' abord la langue latine que par nécessité; ils l' étudièrent bientôt par intérêt et par ambition.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Se soumettre à l' idiôme, aux usages, à la discipline civile et militaire des vainqueurs, c'était pour les cités, pour les contrées entières, un moyen de mériter l' émancipation politique, ou d' obtenir d' utiles distinctions et des avantages honorables.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' action de ce systême conquérant, qui associait des nations vaincues et opprimées au langage, aux mœurs, et quelquefois aux priviléges des enfants de la métropole, devenait un véritable bienfait.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Avouons, à la gloire de Rome, que la civilisation de quelques-uns des peuples qui avaient été contraints de fléchir sous le joug de la victoire, fut le noble dédommagement de leur humiliation; et c'est peut-être la seule fois que de longues et grandes conquêtes ont offert une compensation des injustices et des malheurs qui les produisent.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En prescrivant à ces peuples l' usage d' une langue qu' illustraient des ouvrages où le bon goût et la saine philosophie se trouvent réunis au mérite d' un beau style, Rome ne leur communiquait pas seulement l' art d' écrire; elle leur communiquait une faveur plus précieuse: l' art de penser. Oui, la science qui instruisit le vaincu à parler la langue des Romains, lui apprit aussi à sentir, à juger, à penser comme eux.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C'est sur-tout à la langue latine que l' on peut appliquer la belle pensée du poëte Rutilius Numatianus, qui disait en célébrant Rome:</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fecisti patriam diversis gentibus unam (1)...</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Urbem fecisti quod prius orbis erat.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Itiner. lib. I.<br />(1: Pline le naturaliste avait exprimé la même pensée:</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sparsa congregaret imperia, ritusque molliret, et tot populorum discordes ferasque linguas, sermonis commercio contraheret ad colloquia, et humanitatem homini daret, breviterque una cunctarum gentium, in toto orbe, patria fieret. Lib. 3, cap. 5.)</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La carrière du barreau et celle des lettres étaient ouvertes à tous ceux qui savaient le latin; l' une et l' autre carrière conduisait aux premiers emplois et aux plus grands honneurs.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Bientôt l' Espagne, la Gaule transalpine et la Gaule cisalpine, fournirent au sénat, au gouvernement, aux armées, à la littérature, des personnages illustres, dont les talents contribuèrent à soutenir la gloire et la renommée de la patrie adoptive.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Malgré les ravages des hommes et du temps, nous possédons les ouvrages précieux d' un grand nombre d' écrivains nés dans ces contrées qui, avant d' être soumises aux Romains, n' avaient que des idiômes dont il ne nous est parvenu aucun monument; c'est à la langue des vainqueurs que ces écrivains furent redevables de leurs succès, et peut-être même de leurs talents.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Parmi les auteurs qui, depuis les conquêtes de Rome, occupèrent un rang distingué dans la littérature latine, l' Espagne s' honore d' avoir produit les deux Sénèque, Lucain, Pomponius Mela, Columelle, Martial, Silius Italicus, Hygin, etc. Et nous-mêmes avons quelque plaisir à nous rappeler que Cornelius Gallus, Trogue-Pompée, Pétrone, Lactance, Ausone, etc., naquirent dans les Gaules.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cependant la plupart des institutions qui avaient préparé et favorisé l' envahissement du monde par les Romains, n' existaient plus. Celles qui existaient encore avaient perdu leur active influence. Faut-il s' en étonner? Elles n' étaient plus en rapport avec le gouvernement et avec les mœurs.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cette sagesse profonde et circonspecte, qui jadis était à-la-fois le secret et la force de l' État, cette constance habile, cette politique invariable, qui, pendant plusieurs siècles, dirigèrent un sénat dont les membres se renouvelaient, et dont l' esprit restait toujours le même, pouvaient-elles se retrouver dans des princes chargés, à eux seuls, d' une grande puissance, et incapables d' en supporter le fardeau? Princes souvent malheureux, et quelquefois méprisables, ils étaient réduits à se choisir des associés, et même à les accepter. Ces monarques précaires affaiblissaient l' autorité en la partageant; et, presque toujours, ce partage ne faisait que mêler les calamités de la guerre civile aux malheurs de la guerre étrangère.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' ailleurs, le génie qui élève les empires par les hardiesses de l' ambition et par les infortunes de ses victimes, est si différent de celui qui maintient les états par la sagesse du gouvernement, et par la prospérité des citoyens!</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cet empire romain, constamment agrandi en attaquant les peuples et en les rejetant au loin, était enfin réduit à se défendre contre le reflux de ces mêmes peuples, qui de toutes parts envahissaient et franchissaient impunément ses frontières trop vastes, trop éloignées, trop dégarnies.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La translation du siége de l' empire dans une ville de Thrace ne livra-t-elle pas l' Occident aux invasions des hordes conquérantes, lorsqu' elle dépeupla Rome de nombreux citoyens qui, par leurs talents, leur rang, et leur ambition, eussent conservé plus entier le sentiment ou du moins le noble souvenir de la grandeur romaine?</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les habitants qui furent laissés dans les murs de l' antique cité, déshéritée alors de ses titres de capitale du monde et de ville éternelle, ne conservèrent pas longtemps cet esprit public, cet orgueil national, qui par fois tiennent lieu de vertu politique dans les pays où cette vertu n' est pas inspirée par de sages et heureuses institutions.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les nombreux débordements des nations, qui, tour-à-tour et de différents côtés, inondèrent, ravagèrent plusieurs contrées de l' Europe, menaçaient la langue latine d' être ensevelie sous les débris de l' empire romain.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mais, depuis moins d' un siècle, une révolution extraordinaire qui eut bientôt la plus grande influence sur les destinées des peuples et des rois, une révolution qui donna une direction nouvelle aux lettres, aux sciences et aux arts, préparait à la langue latine les moyens de maintenir sa durée et d' accroître son autorité.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Le même empereur qui conçut avec tant d' audace, et exécuta avec tant de promptitude le projet de changer le siége de l' empire, Constantin, arborant la croix, l' avait élevée avec lui sur le trône du monde.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Peu-à-peu le christianisme s' affermit; enfin il domina: et Rome, qui avait perdu l' avantage d' être la métropole de l' empire, parvint, par l' accroissement de sa puissance spirituelle, à l' avantage non moins précieux de rester la métropole de la religion.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tandis que la langue grecque se dégradait à la cour des empereurs d' Orient, la langue latine, idiôme de la cour des papes, s' associant aux illustres succès de l' église catholique, devint l' interprète des décrets du ciel, et une seconde fois elle eut le droit de s' appeler universelle.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ici se présente un phénomène historique, qui peut-être pas été assez remarqué.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A cette époque où la civilisation de tant de pays divers était sans cesse attaquée et presque détruite par les invasions des nations étrangères, la providence vint au secours des vaincus et sur-tout des vainqueurs; un nouveau genre de sociabilité remplaça le bienfait de la politique romaine: la religion chrétienne maintint ou rétablit la civilisation sur des principes invariables, sacrés, et indépendants de la politique de l' homme.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ce mouvement général des esprits, qui, à diverses époques, forme et entretient entre les peuples une communication irrésistible de pensées et de sentiments, cette impulsion morale, qui, au XIIe siècle, produisit les croisades; au XIIIe, favorisa dans une grande partie de l' Europe</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">l' établissement du droit municipal; au XVIe, propagea les sectes religieuses; et qui, au siècle dernier (N. E. XVIII), a suscité et répandu l' esprit philosophique; ce desir d' améliorations, cet enthousiasme d' opinions et d' espérances, favorisaient, depuis quelque temps, les progrès de la religion chrétienne.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quel bonheur pour les peuples, lorsque des conquérants effrénés s' humilièrent devant les pontifes d' une religion qui leur révélait un maître, à eux qui semblaient nés pour n' en connaître aucun, et un maître d' autant plus craint et vénéré, qu' il était toujours présent et toujours invisible!</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Puissants médiateurs entre les peuples et les rois, souvent les évêques méritèrent le droit d' exercer leur auguste et honorable mission, et de dire impunément aux vainqueurs des nations, comme saint Remi à Clovis: Abaisse, fier Sicambre, abaisse ton col docile sous le joug religieux (1: Mitis depone colla, Sicamber; adora quod incendisti, incende quod adorasti. Greg. Tur. lib. II (où 11), c. 31).</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les maximes d' indulgence, de générosité, de bienveillance, que proclame et qu' exige l' évangile, inspirèrent quelquefois aux dominateurs des peuples, aux puissants, aux riches du siècle, une juste modération, et même des égards pour des hommes qui, dans l' ordre de la religion, redevenaient leurs égaux.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Les lois du christianisme protégeaient hautement la liberté civile; souvent les seigneurs laïques et les simples </span></span></span><span style="font-family: verdana;">citoyens affranchirent leurs esclaves, dans le seul dessein de satisfaire aux devoirs de la charité chrétienne.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les formules Angevines contiennent le modèle de l' acte de liberté, qui commence par ces mots:</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Par respect pour la divinité, et afin d' obtenir le salut éternel de mon ame, je te déclare libre.” (1: Noveris te pro divinitatis intuitu et animæ meæ remedium vel æterna retributione ad jucum servitudinis tibi absolvemus.)</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dans toutes les autres formules qui nous restent, ce sont encore des sentiments religieux qui motivent ces actes de libéralité.<br />(2: Recogitans pro Dei intuitu et pro animæ meæ redemptione. Formul. Bignon. I.<br />Præmium in futuro dominum sibi tribuere confidet. Formul. Lindenbrog. 91, 92, 94, 96.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pro remissione peccatorum meorum. Ib. 93.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ut aliquantulum de peccatis nostris minuere mereamur. Ib. 95. )</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Un titre ancien offre ces expressions remarquables:</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Puisque le fils de Dieu est venu nous affranchir de l' esclavage du péché, nous devons nous-mêmes affranchir les hommes de la servitude. Il nous a dit: délivrez, et vous serez délivrés; et à ses apôtres: vous êtes tous frères. Or, si nous le sommes, devons-nous retenir nos frères sous le joug de la servitude (3).”</span></span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(3: In nomine Dei patris omnipotentis ejusque filii unigeniti qui ad hoc incarnari voluit, ut eos qui sub peccati jugo detinebantur, in libertatem filiorum adoptaret. Quatenus et ipse nobis nostra peccata relaxare dignetur, sub nostræ jugo servitutis homines depressos relaxare decernimus. Ipse etenim dixit: dimittite et dimittetur vobis; et apostolis: omnes enim fratres estis. Ergo si fratres sumus, nullum ex fratribus, quasi ex debito., ad servitium cogere debemus, et iterum ipsa veritas testatur: Ne vocemini magistri... unde... hos servos et ancillas... ab omni jugo servitutis... absolvimus.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Archives de Conques. Mém. pour servir à l' hist. du Rouergue, par Bosc, t. 3, p. 183.)</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' Occident avait été envahi par différentes nations (1); mais, à travers le choc des opinions, des mœurs, des intérêts, et des vœux opposés, l' autorité de la religion assujettissait les chefs et les citoyens à l' usage de la langue latine.<br />(1: Vers 412, les Visigoths, partis des environs de Ravenne, traversant et occupant l' Italie et le midi des Gaules, parviennent et s' établissent jusque dans le nord de l' Espagne.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Avant 420, les Bourguignons, entrés par l' est dans les Gaules, s' emparent du pays auquel leur nom est resté, et s' étendent jusques à Lyon et à Vienne; et dix ans après, les Francs arrivent au nord des Gaules, sous la conduite de Clodion.)<br />Heureux lien de communication entre les nouveaux et les anciens habitants rapprochés par la civilisation religieuse, cette langue devint celle des gouvernements, parce qu' elle était l' idiôme de la cour papale, de la théologie, du culte, et des cloîtres.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mais, dans ces circonstances difficiles, qui établissaient entre les vainqueurs et les vaincus des relations indispensables, les uns et les autres avaient-ils le moyen de connaître et d' observer les règles compliquées du langage qui leur devenait commun? Non, sans doute.<br />Il n' était plus ce temps où des écoles publiques, ouvertes et entretenues à grands frais dans les principales villes de l' Occident, transmettant le goût et la pureté des langues et des littératures grecques et latines, répandaient l' instruction et l' émulation dans toutes les classes de la société.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Le mélange de ces peuples qui renonçaient à leur idiôme grossier, et adoptaient l' idiôme des vaincus, par la nécessité d' entretenir les rapports religieux, civils et domestiques, ne pouvait qu' être funeste à la langue latine. La décadence fut rapide.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Du moins si les personnages puissants, qui exerçaient la suprématie spirituelle et temporelle, avaient consacré leurs moyens de persuasion et d' autorité à maintenir la pureté sévère du langage! Mais souvent ces personnages même donnèrent les exemples de la négligence et de la violation des règles.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">J' en pourrais rapporter des preuves nombreuses; je me borne à l' époque du pontificat d' un pape justement célèbre, que l' église a mis au rang des saints, et à qui l' histoire <a href="https://www.meisterdrucke.de/kunstdrucke/Italian-School/958549/Portr%C3%A4t-des-Papstes-Gregoire-Ier-le-Grand-%28Gregor-der-Gro%C3%9Fe-oder-Gregorio-Magno-oder-Gregorius-Magnus%29-%28590-604%29.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">a conservé le nom de Grand</a>.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%A9goire_Ier" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Grégoire I<sup>er</sup></a> occupait la chaire de saint Pierre à la fin du VIe siècle; ce pontife affectait un suprême mépris pour la grammaire latine; voici comment il s' en explique dans une de ses lettres (1):</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(1) Epistolæ tenor enunciat: non metacismi collisionem fugio, non barbarismi confusionem devito; hiatus motusque etiam et præpositionum casus servare contemno, quia indignum vehementer existimo ut verba cœlestis oraculi restringam sub regulis Donati; neque enim hæc ab ullis interpretibus in scripturæ sanctæ auctoritate servata sunt. S. Gregorii papæ vita, auctore Johanne Diacono, lib. 4, præf. ad lib. moral. deut. 16.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://www.meisterdrucke.de/kunstdrucke/Italian-School/958549/Portr%C3%A4t-des-Papstes-Gregoire-Ier-le-Grand-%28Gregor-der-Gro%C3%9Fe-oder-Gregorio-Magno-oder-Gregorius-Magnus%29-%28590-604%29.html" rel="nofollow" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" target="_blank"><img alt="Grégoire Ier occupait la chaire de saint Pierre à la fin du VIe siècle" border="0" data-original-height="1024" data-original-width="826" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJesOyYaOuFHBvN-QWZl57WFKrsfgoeEda2ahJ1lf81OcJkAmKoDWrkZ4DY5z-TfGYqyKhkS92P5OFH3_eqONB22AxN0mDtbDXT8PTqCB9FcOYOH91OdpG2Hi0uKipRuFSliWFQyBBS_um-yplrhDb9gYJZ4JZtkhOuy-nIPdS1QzC21U03bwiS0pPlVgO/w516-h640/Gregoire_Ier_le_Grand.jpg" title="Grégoire Ier occupait la chaire de saint Pierre à la fin du VIe siècle" width="516" /></a></span></div><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span><p></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Je n' évite point les barbarismes; je dédaigne d' observer le régime des prépositions, etc., parce que je regarde comme une chose indigne, de soumettre les paroles de l' oracle céleste aux règles de Donat (1); et jamais aucun interprète de l' écriture sainte ne les a respectées."<br />(1: A la mort du pape Clément IX, on désignait le cardinal Bona pour son successeur; ce qui donna lieu de dire, papa bona sarebbe solecismo.<br />Le père Daugières, jésuite, réfuta cette plaisanterie par les vers suivants:</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Grammaticæ leges plerumque ecclesia spernit;</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fortè erit ut liceat dicere papa Bona;</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vana solœcismi ne te conturbet imago:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Esset papa bonus, si Bona papa foret.)</span></span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cet illustre pontife apprenant que <a href="http://cdn2_3.reseaudescommunes.fr/cities/1763/documents/hrddlmoeiy8mhem.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Didier, évêque de Vienne</a>, donnait des leçons de l' art connu alors sous le nom de grammaire, lui en fit de vifs reproches: (2: Hoc pervenit ad nos, quod sine verecundiâ memorare non possumus, fraternitatem tuam grammaticam quibusdam exponere. Quam rem ita molestè suscepimus, ac sumus vehementius aspernati, ut ea quæ prius dicta fuerant in gemitum et tristitiam verteremus. Quia in uno se ore cum Jovis laudibus Christi laudes non capiunt; et quam grave nefandumque sit canere quod nec laïco religioso conveniat... Quanto execrabile est hoc de sacerdote ipse considera... Nec vos nugis et sæcularibus enarrari... Litteris studere constiterit...<br />Ep. 54, lib. 11 S. Gregorii registri epistolarum.)</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Nous ne pouvons, écrivait-il, rappeler sans honte que votre fraternité explique la grammaire à quelques personnes; c'est ce que nous avons appris avec chagrin, et fortement blâme... Nous en avons gémi. Non, la même bouche ne peut exprimer les louanges de Jupiter et celles du Christ. Considérez combien, pour un prêtre, il est horrible et criminel d' expliquer en public des livres dont un laïque pieux ne devrait pas se permettre la lecture. Ne vous appliquez donc plus aux passe-temps et aux lettres du siècle.”</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Le dédain pour la littérature latine, qu' exaltait encore la haine pour le paganisme, porta Grégoire-le-Grand à faire brûler tous les exemplaires de Tite-Live qu' il put découvrir. Saint Antonin raconte cette action comme honorable à la mémoire du pontife romain (1: De Gregorio magno dicit prædictus dominus Johannes dominus cardinalis quod omnes libros quos potuit habere Titi Livii comburi fecit, quare ibi multa narrantur de superstitionibus idolorum.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S. Antonin. Summ. p. 4, tit. 2, cap. 4, §. 3.)</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ce zèle, trop ardent sans doute, l' entraîna dans une erreur que j' appellerai celle de son siècle; mais quel nom donner au vœu du professeur de Louvain, Jean Hessels, qui s' écrie à ce sujet: "Heureux, si Dieu envoyait beaucoup de Grégoires!" (2: O utinam multos Gregorios mitteret Dominus! Verè etenim magnus Gregorius omnes libros quos potuit habere Titi Livii comburi jussit, quia plurima in eis continentur de superstitionibus idolorum. Antiqua quoque gentilium ædificia, quæcunque potuit, subvertit, ne essent reliquiæ et memoria idolorum, sicut etiam dominus Israelitis sæpiùs mandavit.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Joan. Hessels. Brevis et catholica decal. exposit., p. 68.)</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dirai-je que sous le pontificat de Zacharie, il se trouva tel prêtre qui ne savait pas assez de latin pour exprimer convenablement la formule essentielle au sacrement du baptême? Ce pape eut à prononcer sur la validité de ce sacrement conféré en ces termes:</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sub_conditione" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ego te <u>baptiso</u></a> in nomine <a href="https://beceite.blogspot.com/2017/09/curioso-incidente-iglesia-san-bartolome.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><u>patria</u> et <u>filia</u></a> et spiritûs sancti."</span></span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Saint Boniface, évêque de Mayence, avait ordonné de baptiser de nouveau; le pape décida que le baptême était valable, si les paroles sacramentelles avaient été mal prononcées (1), par ignorance de la langue, et non par esprit d' <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/05/x-10-cartas-marques-mondejar-serafin-tomas-miguel.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">hérésie</a>.<br />(1: Retulerunt quippe quod fuerit in eâdem provinciâ sacerdos qui linguam latinam penitus ignorabat, et dum baptisaret, nesciens latini eloquii, infringens linguam, diceret: Baptiso te in nomine <u>patria</u> et <u>filia</u> et spiritus sancti; ac per hoc tua reverenda fraternitas consideravit rebaptisare.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Epist. 134 Zachar. rever. et sanct. frat. Bonifacio coepisc.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Toutefois la décadence de l' idiôme latin eût été moins prompte et moins générale, si, dans les divers pays de la chrétienté, les princes, les grands, et les officiers civils avaient imité et répandu le style de la cour de Rome et de la plupart des chefs ecclésiastiques.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pendant ces siècles d' ignorance et de barbarie, les décrets des conciles, les bulles et les lettres des papes, les écrits de quelques évêques, sont remarquables, si non par l' élégance, du moins par la correction. Mais quelle différence dans les chartes ou diplômes des rois, des comtes, des seigneurs, et dans les actes des magistrats laïques, etc. etc.!</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dès le sixième siècle, la langue latine était tombée dans un état de corruption peut-être irréparable. On en jugera par les détails suivants:</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Indépendamment de la difficulté que présentent des mots barbares qu'on avait été obligé de latiniser, il s' était établi une transmutation des voyelles, presque toujours employées, les unes à la place des autres (1).<br />E au lieu d' I.<br />I au lieu d' E.<br />O au lieu d' U.<br />U au lieu d' O.<br /><br />(1:<br />E pour I. I pour E. O pour U. U pour O.<br />Basileca Plinius Volomus Negutiante<br />Pagenam Ricto tramite Locrari Nuscetur<br />Facultatebus Possedire Aliquantolum Auturetate<br />Civetatis Quatinus Pecoliari Respunsis<br />Magnetudo Rigni nostri Noncopante Nus<br />Domebus Debirint Postolator Victuriae<br />Nomene Vinüs Miracola Spunsarum<br />Marteris Climenciae Volontatem Tempure<br />Oppedum Mercide Jobemus Denuscetur.<br />Charte de Clotaire II.<br />Charte de <a href="https://www.welt.de/geschichte/kopf-des-tages/article236325001/Frankenkoenig-Dagobert-I-Er-kannte-nicht-alle-Namen-seiner-Konkubinen.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Dagobert I</a>, de <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlothar_II" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Clotaire II</a>.<br />Charte de Dagobert I, de <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clovis_II" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Clovis II</a>.<br />Charte de Clovis II, de Clotaire II.<br />De pareilles fautes se rencontrent dans le petit nombre de monuments privés que l' Italie possède de ces temps anciens. Je me borne aux preuves que fournissent l' ouvrage de <a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scipione_Maffei" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Maffei</a>, intitulé: <a href="https://datos.bne.es/persona/XX1011850.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">historia diplomatica</a>, et celui de Marini, intitulé: papiri diplomatici.<br />Intrensicus Vindite Inordinatom Territuriis<br />Habeta Habis Eront Fedejussure<br />Vindetores Valinte Nomeratos Cumparatore<br />Possedetur Mercidis Jogale Neguciature</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les pièces d' où ces exemples ont été tirés portent la date du VIe siècle.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si l' Espagne avait aussi conservé des monuments particuliers de cette époque, (N. E. <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2022/02/francisco-perez-bayer.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">algún papelico quemaron los franceses en las guerras</a>) nous y trouverions de semblables transmutations de voyelles.<br />J' en citerai pour preuve le style d' <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alvare_de_Cordoue_(mozarabe)" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Alvar, évêque de Cordoue</a>, qui écrivait vers 850.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espa%C3%B1a_sagrada" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Flórez, España Sagrada</a>, t. 11 (où 2), p. 56, relève dans cet auteur:<br />Intellege. Respondis Infola Rustra.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Baselica. Fulgit Fateator</span></span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En ouvrant au hasard les recueils qui contiennent les diplômes, chartes, et écrits de cette époque, nous sommes étonnés de ces changements continuels, qui altéraient et corrompaient la langue latine d' autant plus rapidement, qu' ils n' étaient soumis à aucune règle d' analogie, ni même à aucun principe de convention.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ce qui augmentait encore la difficulté de comprendre et de parler cette langue, c'était la violation presque continuelle des différentes règles de la grammaire.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les prépositions étaient employées très souvent avec un régime arbitraire. (1: J' ai choisi dans le premier volume du recueil diplomata chart. ad res francicas spectantia, contenant les pièces de l' époque de la première race de nos rois, les exemples qui n' ont point d' indication.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ceux qui sont marqués Ital. ont été pris dans l' Istor. Dipl. et dans les Papiri Dipl. précédemment cités.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ceux qui sont marqués Esp. ont été pris dans l' España Sagrada et dans les Memorias de la real academia de la historia.<br />A me... autores et pro autores. Ital.<br />A titulum dotalem et tutellariom alienas. Ital.<br />A vos. Esp.<br /><br />Ab hodiernum die.<br />Ab aerem alienum alienas esse. Ital.<br />Ab originem... ab eumdem emptorem. Ital.<br />Ab eumdem Salomonem. Esp.<br /><br />Absque praejudicium.<br />Absque repetitionem.<br />Absque ullo dolo aut vim, circumventionem.<br /><br />Ad legetema aetati pervenire.<br />Ad die presente.<br />Ad fisco <span>nostro.</span><br /><br />Ad nos faciendi tutorem. Ital.<br />Ad instauratione. Ital.<br />Ad ipso rio. Esp.<br />Ad sancta Maria. Esp.<br />Ad isto presente igne. Esp.<br /><br />Adversus inlustris Deo sacrata<br />Agantrude filia.<br />apostolico viro.<br />Adversus sancta praedicta ecclesia.<br /><br />Ante bonis hominibus.<br />Ante venerabile vir.<br />Ante balneo et orto. Ital.<br />Ante sancto Stephano. Esp.<br /><br />Apud ipso Chrotchario.<br /><br />Circa animus meus.<br />Circa ipsa basilica... vel nostro palatio.<br />Contra parentis meus.<br />Contra hoc voluntate meam.<br />Contra cujuslibet hominum.<br />Contra justicia. Ital.<br />Contra tribus. Esp.<br />Contra Hoste barbaro. Esp.<br />Contra ipso Pseudo-propheta. Esp.<br /><br />Cum omnes res ad se pertinentes.<br />Cum sequentes tantus.<br />Cum easdem. Ital.<br />Cum censum. Ital.<br />Cum pectus inscium. Esp.<br />Cum judices suos. Esp.<br /><br />De ipsos teloneos vel navigeos portaticos.<br />De quam praefatam portionem.<br />De quas … dictas sex uncias. Ital.<br />De quod... Esp.<br />De ipsam. Esp.<br />De humiles vestros. Esp.<br /><br />Erga nostris partibus.<br /><br />Ex omnia medietatem.<br />Ex fundi. Ital.<br />Ex successionem. Ital.<br />Ex ipsam. Esp.<br />Ex fidelium nostrorum. Esp.<br /><br />Inter varacione et alio rio.<br />Inter ipso Friulso suisque heredebus.<br /><br />In turmentas fui.<br />In dei nomen.<br />In duorum fundorum. Ital.<br />In urbem Toletanam facta constitutio. Esp.<br /><br />Infra istis terminis.<br />Infra pago parisiaco.<br />Infra Confinio. Esp.<br />Infra valle. Esp.<br /><br />Intra comitatu nostro. Esp.<br /><br />Juxta villa <a href="https://pueblosdelmatarrana.blogspot.com/2017/02/fornoles.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Fornolus</a>.<br /><br />Per locis descriptis et designatis.<br />Per mandato suo.<br />Per quolibet contractu. Ital.<br />Per toto orbe. Esp.<br />Per arte. Esp.<br /><br />Post temporibus.<br />Post roboratione testium. Ital.<br />Pro panem.<br />Pro omnis causationis suas.<br />Pro supradictas sex uncias. Ital.<br />Pro solemnem traditionem. Ital.<br />Pro mercedem animae meae. Esp.<br />Pro unionem. Esp.<br />Pro vos sacrificium Deo offerant. Esp.<br /><br />Propter amorem Dei et vita aeterna.<br /><br />Secundum legum ordine. Ital.<br /><br />Sine praemium.<br />Sine ullius inquietudinis.<br />Sine cujuslibet judicis auctoritatem. Ital.<br />Sine rixas Esp. <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/09/fuero-de-alboacem.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">ord. D' Alboacem</a>.<br /><br />Sub duplariae rei. Ital.<br /><br />Usque rio.<br />Usque memorato loco.<br /><br />Versus villa <a href="https://pueblosdelmatarrana.blogspot.com/2017/02/fornoles.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Fornulus</a>.<br />Versus palude.<br /><br />On violait grossièrement la règle qui soumet l' adjectif à prendre le nombre, le genre, et le cas du substantif auquel il se rapporte (1).<br />Quelquefois le sujet n' était pas mis au nominatif (2).<br />(1: Je fais la même observation qu' à la note précédente:</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum domibus et vineis ad se pertinentes.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Seu reliqua facultatem vel villas illas quod nuscuntur pervenisse.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vinea quem colit.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Villas illas quod.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per alio latus.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum omni integritate vel soliditate sua in se aspicientem et pertinentem.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pro benevolentiâ qui erga vos habeo.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pretium... adnumeratus et traditus vidi. Ital.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Casa qui appellatur. Ital.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De res quod. Ital.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">In omnes mansionarios essentibus et introeuntibus. Ital.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De alios testes cujus signacula. Ital.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tu vero exempla illud dirige. Esp.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si potuisset habere talem testimonia qui. Esp.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ad ipso heresiarcham Albini magistro. Esp.<br />Ipsas monachas vel earum abbate debeant possidere.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dum illas ibidem... regulariter vivere videntur.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quod si suprascriptas quatuor uncias inquietati fuerint vel evictæ. Ital. Quas vero sex uncias distractas sunt. Ital.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(2) Les exemples suivants sont encore puisés dans les mêmes ouvrages:</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si aliquas causas adversus istud monasterium ortas fuerint.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per illos mansos unde operas carrarias exeunt.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On n' observait pas plus exactement les régimes des verbes et des noms (1).</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Il en était de même de la règle qui exige l' ablatif, soit comme absolu, soit comme désignant le temps et le lieu (2).</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(1) Les mêmes ouvrages fournissent encore ces exemples.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dono tibi canna argentea valente plus minus solidos XXV.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dono tibi caneo argenteo.<br />Dedit... porcione sua de villa... et alio locello.<br />Acceperunt tertia tabula quod est.<br />Liceat ipso abbate Daumero et successores ejus atque congregatione eorum.<br />Ubi nepte mea instituemus abbatissam.<br />Licentiam nostram habeant faciendum.<br />Signaculo manus nostris noscimur adfirmase.<br />Pro redemptione animas nostras.<br />Signum Bartelmo viro... testis.<br />Rigni domno Clodoveo.<br />Ut praeceptio glorissimo domno Dagoberto... edocet.<br />Valente solido uno. Ital.<br />Me tamen cognoscite ingressus fuisse. Esp.<br />Hanc carta elemosinaria mandavi scribere. Esp.<br />Ego eam teneo ipsa villa. Esp.<br />Viderunt Aylone amita Witiscli ipsa villa settereto tenente et dominante. Esp.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Habeat potestatem hoc peragendum. Esp.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/12/donatio-decimarum-willelmum-comitem-ecclesia-bisuldunensi-adalaisam-mxxvii-1207.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Eleemosina</a> domini nostri <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/08/fredelai-fredoli-fredelaus-comitis-urgellensis-ceritanensis-donatio-ad-domum-saturnini-anno-dcccxv-815.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ludovici</a> et proles ejus. Esp.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Bona intentione monstrant mihi e faciunt <a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/2023/09/raynouard-choix-poesies-originales-troubadours-introduction.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Saracenis</a> bona <a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/2023/09/raynouard-choix-poesies-originales-troubadours-introduction.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">acolhenza</a>.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Esp. Ord. d' <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/09/fuero-de-alboacem.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Alboacem</a>.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(2) Même observation que les précédentes.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Consignamus tibi... omnes res nostras... illas exceptas quas ecclesiæ legavimus et illas quas...</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Unde et ipsas confirmationes relectas et percursas, inventum est...<br />Datum mensis aprilis dies octo, annum secundum regni nostri.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Datum Morlacas, mensis martius dies decem.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Me præsentem subscribsit. Ital.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Spontanea voluntates nullus penitus quogentem aut suadentem... donamus. Ital.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Excepto manicipiis. Ital.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Teste Domnus. Esp.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Regnante... in <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/07/constitutiones-pacis-treguae-ecclesia-ausonensi.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">episcopatu</a> domnus <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/08/notitia-golderici-episcopi-urgellensis-goldencho.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ferriolus</a>. Esp.<br /></span></span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mais qu' est-il nécessaire d' accumuler les preuves de la dégradation du style alors employé par la plupart des personnes qui écrivaient en latin? Les auteurs contemporains l' ont généralement attestée; les auteurs postérieurs l' ont unanimement reconnue.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Grégoire de tours, dans la préface de son ouvrage De la gloire des confesseurs, craint qu'on ne reproche à sa diction ces sortes de fautes, et qu'on ne lui dise: “Trop souvent vous mettez le féminin à la place du masculin, le neutre à la place du féminin, et le masculin à celle du neutre. Intervertissant le régime des prépositions, vous faites gouverner l' accusatif à celles qui gouvernent l' ablatif, ou vous substituez l' ablatif à l' accusatif.” (1: Sæpius pro masculinis foeminea, pro fœminis neutra, et pro neutris masculina commutas; ipsasque præpositiones loco debito plerumque non locas, nam pro ablativis accusativa et rursum pro accusativis ablativa ponis.)</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Avons-nous à prononcer sur la falsification des titres de cette époque reculée! La transmutation des voyelles, la rudesse des locutions, la violation des règles grammaticales, la rouille du style, deviennent autant de présomptions et d' arguments en faveur de la sincérité des actes<br />(1: Diplomatum barbaries eorumdem sinceritatem prodit. Fontanini; Vindic. antiq. diplomat. lib. I, cap. 10.)</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Le célèbre Jérôme Bignon, publiant la première édition des formules de Marculfe, avait, par d' indiscrètes corrections, altéré la barbarie du manuscrit: on a su gré au docte Baluze d' avoir rétabli les fautes du texte original.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Un savant espagnol, s' expliquant sur les écrits d' <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89lipand" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Élipand, archevêque de Tolède</a>, qui vivait dans le VIII° siècle, reconnaît que, depuis long-temps, on faisait un emploi tout-à-fait arbitraire des diverses désinences qu' imposent à chaque cas les règles des déclinaisons latines (2: Optimè scis Elipandi tempore <a href="https://www.reuters.com/article/oesen-curiosidad-papa-latin-idESMAE8AB04K20121112" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">latinam linguam</a> in <a href="https://biblioteca-historica.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><b>vernaculam</b> quâ nunc <b>Hispani</b></a> utimur, in magnâ sui parte, degenerasse; nomina latina casus habentia eos amittebant. <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2022/02/gregorio-mayans-siscar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Greg. Majansius</a> (N. E. <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2022/02/gregorio-mayans-siscar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Gregorio Mayans y Siscar</a>) ad D. Frobenium.)</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dans une telle dégradation du langage, comment pouvait-on désigner et reconnaître les rapports grammaticaux que les noms doivent nécessairement avoir entre eux? Comment distinguer les sujets des régimes, et les régimes directs des régimes indirects?</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cet instinct habile et persévérant qui, lors de la formation des langues, conduisit à tant d' heureux résultats, employa encore son étonnante industrie.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pour exprimer les rapports des noms, on eut d' abord recours à l' emploi des prépositions De et ad.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Au lieu du génitif, qu'on ne savait plus indiquer par la désinence du cas latin, on employait la préposition DE; au lieu du datif, la préposition AD; et, à la faveur de ces signes, on donnait le plus souvent des désinences arbitraires aux noms qu' ils précédaient.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quelles que fussent ces désinences, la préposition DE faisait reconnaître un rapport, une fonction de génitif (1).</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et la préposition AD faisait reconnaître un rapport, une fonction de datif (2).</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(1) Exemples de l' emploi de la préposition DE.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Partem meam DE prato... Medietas DE terra... In concambio DE <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2023/04/gilaberto-centelles-pedro-iv-aragon-jaime-iii-mallorca.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">homene</a>. Episcopos DE <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2023/03/codicillum-secundum-johannis-aragonia-patriarchae-alexandrini-jacobi-ii-aragon-regis-filii-1333.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">regna nostra</a>, tam DE Niuster quam DE <a href="https://recherchesfrance.blogspot.com/2023/05/chapitre-ix-du-progrez-des-bourguignons.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Burgundia</a>... Mercatum DE omnes negociantes... Pagenses DE alias civitates... Cum pagena DE silva DE foreste nostra... Jugera De terra aratoria... Terminus ergo DE nostra donatione... Aliquid de res proprius juris nostri... Quarrada DE melle... Alecus DE suis propinquis. Diplom. etc. <a href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/item/QPUJPDVMORREYRVVARE2TFW545L2GTNG" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">ad res francicas spectantia</a>.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Donationis DE omnia immobilia prædia... De quam portionem reteneo mihi usufructu... Breve DE diversis species... Notitia DE res... De quas sex uncias principales vendetor usufructum retenuit... De donatione memoriam reducere curavi... Tertiam portionem DE successione... Voluntatem DE faciendo Flaviano speciali tutorem... Ital.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Decimas DE omnes adjacentias et territorio suo et fines... Spelunca De ipsa valle... Per beneficio DE seniore meo... Congregatio DE ipso monasterio. Esp.<br /><br />(2) Exemples de l' emploi de la préposition AD:</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">AD clero vel pauperes incommoda generetur... Valentem AD æstimationem solidos C... Præceptio AD viro illustri data... AD parte conjuge suæ... Quidquid AD ipso monasteriolo, tam AD ipso abbate... Quam et AD Deo, fuit aut fuerit additum... Diplom., etc. ad res francicas spectantia.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ei AD quem ea res erit... Præceptorum AD me datorum... AD omnia consensi... qui tenet stationem AD domo... AD libertos meos quam ad alios vel AD pauperes dandum deliberavi. Ital.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">AD domum <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/08/quaedam-monasteria-diruta-adiucdicantur-monasterio-sancti-saturnini-prope-urgellum-civitatem-814-dcccxiv.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">S. Saturnini cænobii</a> dono... Dedit AD ipso nepote... Dedit eam AD beneficio AD <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/10/tomo-xii-12-apendice-de-documentos-i.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Isarno</a>... facere donationem AD fratres et servos Dei. Esp.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' emploi auxiliaire des prépositions DE et AD est très fréquent dans les chartes, diplômes, et autres actes des VIe, VIIe, VIIIe, IXe, et Xe siècles. Il ajoute un nouveau caractère de dégradation à la langue latine, déja méconnaissable par la violation de la plupart des règles grammaticales.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les rédacteurs de ces écrits s' étaient nécessairement préparés à l' exercice de leurs fonctions par une étude plus ou moins approfondie de ces règles; et tel est leur style! Quelle idée nous ferons-nous du langage des personnes illettrées? Ai-je besoin de prouver que ce langage ne pouvait être qu' un jargon barbare et inintelligible? Doutera-t-on que sa barbarie même n' ait forcé ceux qui le parlaient à chercher des moyens moins compliqués, plus faciles, plus clairs, pour exprimer leurs sentiments, et communiquer leurs pensées?</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' évidence morale supplée ici à l' absence des preuves matérielles.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lorsque, par l' effet de toutes ces innovations qui avaient détruit les anciennes règles, la désinence des différents cas fut devenue presque arbitraire, et que le sens attaché aux noms ne dépendit plus de la différence du signe qui les terminait, il n' y eut qu' un pas à faire pour donner à cette licence grammaticale une sorte de régularité.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ces diverses terminaisons n' étant plus indispensables pour l' intelligence du sens, il n' y avait qu' à les supprimer, et c'est ce qui fut exécuté adroitement. On retrancha des substantifs latins toutes leurs désinences caractéristiques, et il ne fut plus nécessaire de connaître, ni d' observer les règles des déclinaisons.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cette opération qui rendait le substantif et l' adjectif indéclinables pour les cas, s' établit et se maintint sur les principes d' une analogie constante et invariable.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="break-before: page; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Formation des substantifs.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Je place au premier rang des substantifs de la nouvelle langue, ceux qui furent formés de l' accusatif latin, en supprimant sa désinence caractéristique.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span><a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/08/restauratio-dotatio-canonicae-s-vincentii-cardonensis-mxix-1019.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Abbat</a> em <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/05/tomo-2-apendice-de-documentos.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Generositat</a> em Obscuritat em<br /><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/12/del-vicecanceller.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Accident</a> em <a href="https://aguelosebeta.blogspot.com/2018/12/bon-dia-saragossa.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Gent</a> em <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/08/carta-liv-monserrate-birolay-madona-sancta-maria.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Occident</a> em<br />Art em Gland em Parent em<br />Benignitat em Habilitat em Pietat em<br />Bov em Habitant em Part em<br />Caritat em Immensitat em Pont em<br />Carn em <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2023/02/codices-manuscritos-biblioteca-sacristia-santo-domingo-barcelona.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Infant</a> em Qualitat em<br />Cohort em Instant em Rapiditat em<br />Deitat em Lact em Salut em<br />Dot em Libertat em Sanctitat em<br />Duc em <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/09/28-de-enero.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Majestat</a> em <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=serp" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Serpent</a> em<br />Elephant em Mont em Sort em<br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2020/02/amor-poesia-juan-carlos-abella.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Aeternitat</a> em Mort em <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/07/documentos-templarios-corona-aragon-bula-inedita-extincion-orden.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Trinitat</a> em<br />Facultat em <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/07/tomo-5-apendice-cronicon-dertusense-lemosino.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Nativitat</a> em <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2018/04/roger.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Torrent</a> em<br />Flor em Nepot em Utilitat em<br />Font em Niv em Veritat em<br />Fraud em Noct em Virtut em<br />(1: Je crois utile d' ajouter à ce tableau les substantifs suivants, formés également d' un cas latin, autre que le nominatif qui est en AS, ENS, ONS: Activitat, Ambiguitat, Assiduitat, <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/03/cxvii-reg-987-fol-152-3-septiembre-1380.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Captivitat</a>, Adolescent, Amenitat, Austeritat, <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/06/tomo-4-apendice-3-bonifacii-ferrer.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Castitat</a>, Adversitat, Antiquitat, Aviditat, Celebritat, Affinitat, Ariditat, Brutalitat, Celeritat, Comandita, Humidifica, Necessitat, Singularitat, Conformitat, Immobilitat, Nuditat, Sobrietat, Continent, Immortalitat, Nullitat, <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/03/natxo-sorolla-ignacio-sorolla.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Societat</a>, Credulitat, Impartialitat, Orient, Solemnitat, Curiositat, Importunitat, Opportunitat, Soliditat, Dent, Impossibilitat, Paternitat, Stabilitat, Dexteritat, Impunitat, Perpetuitat, <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/10/lluis-companys-un-genocida-como.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Sterilitat</a>, Difficultat, <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2018/12/javier-giralt-latorre.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Incapacitat</a>, Perversitat, Stupiditat, Difformitat, Incivilitat, Pluralitat, Suavitat, Dignitat, Incommoditat, Ponent, Subtilitat, Diversitat, Incredibilitat, Popularitat, Surditat, <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/12/fragmentum-disputationis-hieronimi-sancta-fide-cum-judaeis-praesente-petro-de-luna-benedicto-xiii-papa-luna.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Divinitat</a>, Indignitat, Possibilitat, Temeritat, Docilitat, Indocilitat, Posteritat, Timiditat, Enormitat, Infinitat, Prioritat, Tranquillitat, Aequitat, Infirmitat, Probitat, Trident, Extremitat, <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/08/lo-reguer.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ingenuitat</a>, Prodigalitat, Unanimitat, Facilitat, Inhumanitat, Proprietat, Unitat, <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/03/artur-quintana-arturo-quintana.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Falsitat</a>, Iniquitat, Proximitat, Universalitat, Familiaritat, Integritat, Pubertat, <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/08/statutum-villae-cervariae-super-miraculo-frustro-ligni-domini-mdxl.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Universitat</a>, Fecunditat, Inutilitat, Publicitat, Urbanitat, Felicitat, Invisibilitat, Pudicitat, Validitat, Ferocitat, Irregularitat, Quantitat, Vanitat, Fertilitat, Latinitat, Quotitat, Velocitat, Fidelitat, Legalitat, Regularitat, Venalitat, Fragilitat, Liberalitat, Rigiditat, Veracitat, Fraternitat, Loquacitat, Rusticitat, Viduitat, Frugalitat, Majoritat, Sagacitat, Vivacitat, Front, Malignitat, Salubritat, Voluntat, <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/09/13-de-enero.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Generalitat</a>, Maternitat, Sanctitat, Voluptat, Hereditat, <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/09/tomas-bosque-la-codonera-teruel-arago.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Maturitat</a>, Securitat, Voracitat, Hilaritat, Mediocritat, Serenitat, Hospitalitat, Minoritat, Severitat, Hostilitat, Moralitat, <a href="http://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/11/manuel-riu-fillat-insulte-amics-del-chapurriau-ignacio-sorolla-vidal-lo-apoye.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Simplicitat</a>, Humanitat, <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/10/lluis-companys-un-genocida-como.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Mortalitat</a>, Sinceritat, etc. etc.)</span></span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Avec les substantifs empruntés à la langue latine par la suppression de la désinence des accusatifs, il faut comprendre aussi ceux que la nouvelle langue dériva des noms latins terminés en IO (1), dont l' accusatif ION EM, quittant la finale EM, a fourni tant de noms en ION.<br />(1: Et même quelques-uns en O, tels que aquilon em, capon em, centon em, triton em, baron em, carbon em, salmon em, etc. etc.<br />Je ne rapporterai point les substantifs ainsi formés.<br />Depuis Abdication em jusqu' à Vocation em tous ont été soumis à la même règle d' analogie.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Après cette première classe de substantifs, je placerai ceux qui ont été vraisemblablement formés en retranchant la désinence de l' accusatif ou du nominatif, l' une et l' autre suppression offrant le même résultat.<br />Aur um, instrument um, riv us, ban nus, joc us, sac cus, chor us, lup us, tect um, dol us, mur us, us us, exil ium, nas us, vers us, fraen um, odorat us, Zephyr us, gaud ium, paradis us, hom o, quart um, etc. etc. (2: Le tableau suivant pourrait contenir beaucoup plus d' exemples:</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Abus us, an us, brach ium, cerv us, ablativ us, appetit us, camp us, clav is, accent us, apparat us, canal is, col lum, acces sus, april is, can is, coel um, accusativ us, aquaeduct us, candidat us, consulat us, advocat us, arc us, cant us, corn u, adversari us, argent um, capellan us, crin is, agnel lus, argument um, captiv us, damn um, aliment um, asyl um, castel lum, dativ us, amic us, basilic us, cas us, deces sus, annel lus, benefici um, cens us, decret um, delict um, inventari um, pan is, sanctuari um, detriment um, jug um, parricidi um, sang uis, don um, lac us, part us, sarment um, edict um, laq ueus, pas sus, satan us, aedifici um, lard um, patron us, secret um, effect us, legatari us, pel lis, senat us , element um, librari us, pin us, sens us, emissari us, lapidari us, planct us, serv us, emolument um, loc us, plumb um, silenti um, exces sus, lum en, pol us, sol um, fac ies, luminar e, pontificat us, son us, fact um, mal um, porc us, sortilegi um, fam is, malefici um, port us, statut um, ferment um, magistrat us, prat um, styl us, fer rum, mandatari us, praefect us, succes sus, fil um, man us, praejudici um, suc cus, fin is, mantel lum, praesagi um, suffragi um, flum en, mar e, praetext us, supplici um, foc us, marit us, precari um, territori um, franc us, mercenari us, pretori um, testament um, fragment um, metal lum, privilegi um, tom us, fruct us, mod us, proces sus, ton us, frument um, monasteri um, progres sus, tribut um, fum us, monument um, psalm us, triumph us, fund us, mund us, pugilat us, trunc us, fust is, mysteri um, punct um, tumult us, gran um, nard us, quint us, tyran nus, glori a, nav is, quintal e, univers us, gel u, negoti um, ram us, urs us, genitiv us, nerv us, rapt us, val lis, gurg es, nod us, refectori um, vas um, gust us, nom en, refugi um, vent us, habit us, notari us, repertori um, victori a, histori a, object us, ris us, vin um, hospici um, offici um, rudiment um, vis us, indici um, oratori um, sabbat um, viti um, interdict um, ornament um, sacrament um, zel us, intestin um, pact um, salt us.)<br /></span></span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Quand la suppression de la désinence laissait à la fin du mot deux ou plusieurs consonnes, dont la prononciation ne rendait plus le son plein qu' exige l' euphonie, une voyelle finale fut ajoutée à ces consonnes:<br />Ainsi, arbitrum produisit arbitre, (arbitr – um – arbitr – e - arbitre)<br />(1: De même:<br />Candelabre – candelabrum – um + e, lucre, ministre, simulacre, exemple, lustre, quadruple, spectre, libre, monstre, sepulchre, temple.<br />J' aurai occasion de faire remarquer, dans le cours de cet ouvrage, qu' il existe encore aujourd'hui des patois qui n' ajoutent pas cette voyelle finale.)<br /></span></span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quelquefois des noms furent formés par la seule soustraction des voyelles intérieures,</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Corpus, tempus, corps, temps.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' autres changèrent en Y le G final, qui, après la suppression de la désinence, les eût terminés trop durement.<br />Legem, regem, (leg em : y, reg em : y) ley, rey.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Enfin, par une soustraction intérieure combinée avec la suppression de la désinence et son remplacement par la voyelle finale, furent formés les noms tels que Articulus, (-us, articul) article, Oraculum (-um, oracul), oracle, Arborem (-em, arbr + e) arbre, etc. etc.<br />(2: De là:</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Miracul um, obstacul um, receptacul um, saecul um, spectacul um, tabernacul um, avuncul us.<br />Et les féminins en A, tels que<br />Fabula, regula, tabula, ungula, etc. etc.)</span></span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' euphonie fit aussi supprimer les consonnes intérieures qui auraient rendu trop rude la prononciation des noms tels que<br />Fratre m, Matre m, Patre m, (N. E. Frater, Mater, Pater)<br />qui furent remplacés par<br />Frare, Mare, Pare.<br /><br />Une autre classe de substantifs se compose de ceux qui par leur identité avec le <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9clinaisons_en_latin" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">nominatif latin</a>, paraissent avoir été fournis par ce nominatif même.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Presque tous les substantifs en A: rosa, porta, terra.<br />Quelques-uns en AL animal, sal.<br />En AR: Caesar, nectar.<br />En EL: Fel, mel... En OL: sol.<br />Ceux en OR: Amor, furor, vapor.<br />En UL et en UR: Consul, murmur.<br />En US: Jus, hiatus.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cependant la plupart de ces substantifs furent peut-être dérivés de l' accusatif latin, lorsqu' il était le même ou qu' il devenait le même par la suppression de la désinence. Ainsi le singulier Rosa serait venu de l' <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9clinaisons_en_latin" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">accusatif Rosam</a>. Ce qui permettrait de le penser, c'est que le <u><a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/11/xxvi-diversa-kalendaria-de-gestis.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">pluriel Rosas</a></u> n' a pu être emprunté que de l' accusatif Rosas.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cette observation s' applique à tous les noms féminins en A.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Formation des adjectifs.<br />Les mêmes règles dirigèrent leur formation:<br />Assidu us, baptismal is, clar us, delicat us, evident em, fort is, glorios us, human us, infect us, just us, long us, mut us, nud us, obscur us, prompt us, qual is, rustic us, sanct us, tumultuari us, un us, vil is.<br />(2. N. E. No hay nota al pie)<br /><br />(1) En voici un tableau qui pourrait être plus considérable:<br />Abject us, absent em, agil is, amar us, annal is, ardent em, ardu us, arrogant em, bel lus, excellent em, lent us, plen us, bon us, exigu us, liberal is, poenal is, boreal is, extravagant em, litteral is, present em, brev is, facil is, local is, prudent em, caduc us, fals us, long us, pudibund us, capital is, fat uus, lontan us, pur us, captiv us, fecund us, lustral is, quant us, cardinal is, feminin us, major, quotidian us, central is, fertil is, maculin us, rauc us, clement em, fidel is, martial is, recent em, circumspect us, frequent em, minor, ridicul us, civil is, furios us, moral is, rud is, commun is, futur us, municipal is, san us, conjugal is, generos us, mut us, secret us, content us, grand is, mystic us, servil is, contigu us, gratios us, natal is, sinistr um, contrit us, gratuit us, nativ us, suav is, constant em, grav is, negativ us, subit us, correct us, habil is, nov us, subtil is, decent em, heroic us, novel lus, succulent us, desert us, honest us, nubil is, suspect us, dextr um, humil is, nul lus, surd us, diligent em, indulgent em, nuptial is, tal is, direct us, ingrat us, odorant em, tot us, discret us, innocent em, officios us, tranquil lus, disert us, inquiet us, opportun us, triumphal is, distant em, intelligent em, opulent em, util is, divers us, intemperant em, oratori us, urgent em, divin us, inusitat us, ordinari us, van us, docil is, inutil is, oriental is, venal is, doctoral is, judiciari us, par, violent us, dotal is, juridic us, pastoral is, viril is, dur us, lasciv us, pervers us, viv us, eloquent em, latin us, pestilent em, vulgar is, elegant em, larg us, petulant em, eminent em, legal is, plan us.</span></span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Parmi les adjectifs de la nouvelle langue, il faut compter, sans aucune exception, tous les adjectifs verbaux formés des participes présents et passés.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Amant em, Amat um, etc. etc.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Il y eut aussi, dans la formation de quelques adjectifs, des soustractions d' une voyelle intérieure, comme dans les noms terminés en Ibilis.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Divisibil is, Eligibil is, Flexibil is, Terribil is, Horribil is, Visibil is, etc.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Telle fut en général l' origine et la formation des noms substantifs et adjectifs de la langue romane.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">J' en ai exposé la théorie; il me reste à la confirmer par des exemples.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Je les choisis dans les divers monuments de cette langue, depuis le <b>commencement du VIIe siècle</b> jusqu' à l' an 1000.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Exemples de l' emploi des substantifs romans.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Je ne m' arrêterai point sur les différents substantifs romans qui se trouvent dans le serment de 842, tels que Amur, Deo, Deus, Fradre, Om, Plaid, Sagrament, Salvament, etc.; je citerai des exemples qui n' aient pas encore été remarqués.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Rio venant de Rivus, ruisseau, se trouve employé en France dès 631 (1), en Italie dès 776 (2), et en Espagne, aux années 781 (3), 888 (4), et 922 (5).</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Gurg, de gurges, gouffre, est employé dans un titre de l' église d' Urgel /(6), en 832.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Feu, de feudum, fief, se trouve dans un acte de 935 (7).<br />Mas, de mansus, certaine contenance de terre, se rencontre plusieurs fois dans un titre de 935 (8).</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/01/la-rosada-del-mati-viernes-de-hermandad.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Castel</a>, de castellum, château,</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dam, de damnum, dommage,</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dreit, de directum, droit,</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Merce, de merces, salaire,</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Postad, de potestatem, pouvoir, sont dans les titres de l' an 960 (9).</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Jornal, de diurnale, mot de la basse latinité (10), signifiant quelquefois journée de travail, se remarque trois fois dans un monument de 964 (11).</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(1) Per ipso fluvio usque RIO quæ est... Per memorato RIO... Et alio RIO. Diplom. ad res francicas spect. t. I, chart. 73.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(2) A levante RIO qui currit... A tramuntante RIO russo usque silva majore... In loco ubi nuncupatur Rio Porto. Muratori Dissert. 21 et 32. (3) Voyez page 48, note 2.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(4) In valle quæ nuncupant Rio Pullo. In Rio Mexanos; Marc. Hispan.<br />(N. E. Ripoll, )<br />(5) In caput de Rio. España Sagrada, t. 18.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(6) Vadit in Gurg Cabellar. Marca Hispanica.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(7) Usque in finem Tarni ad alode et a feu. Memoires pour l' hist. du Rouergue, par Bosc.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(8) Testament d' Amblard, seigneur du Rouergue. Hist. des évêques de Rodez, Ms. par Bonald.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(9) Ms. de <a href="https://gallica.bnf.fr/blog/29082019/colbert-et-la-bibliotheque" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Colbert</a>.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(10) On le trouve dans les Capitulaires.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(11) Exeminam unam de <a href="https://masdetorubio.blogspot.com" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">vino</a> et <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2018/11/dicsionari-chapurriau-castella-j.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Jornals</a> novem ad ipsas vineas et Jornals duos ad <a href="https://aguelosebeta.blogspot.com/2017/08/la-trilla-4-los-noms.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">messes</a> colligendas. Et Jornals duos ad ipsa era. Marc. Hispan.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cart, de quartum, quart,</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fabriga, de fabrica, fabrique,</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zw729Wi5VVM" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Pont</a>, de <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/09/vita-sancti-ermengaudi-episcopi-urgellensis.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">pontem</a>, pont, se lisent dans un titre de 987, hist. du Languedoc pr. t. 2. Ce même titre offre Alo, Aripin, <a href="https://aguelosebeta.blogspot.com/2017/08/la-trilla-4-los-noms.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Blat</a>, substantifs de la langue romane, que la basse latinité exprimait par les mots d' alodem, aleu, d' agripenus, arpent, et de bladum, bled.<br />Val, de vallis, vallée, vallon (1), se trouve dans un titre de 988.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dans le poëme sur Boece, il n' est presque aucun nom qui ne soit exactement formé selon l' analogie reconnue; je citerai entre autres:<br />Aur, enfant, perjuri, cap, essemple, rei, caritat, <a href="https://revistajovent.cat/es/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">jovent</a>, sang, clau, largetat, valor, decepcio, libre, vertut, domna, mort, vis (2).<br />(1) In ipsa Serra de <a href="http://ctlf.ens-lyon.fr/textes/5202_fra_Raynouard_01_1816_T01.htm" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Val de Bactors</a>. Marc. Hispan.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>(2: Amor, emperador, mort, salvament, auma (o anma), emperi, musa, sapientia, cant, fam, nom, Satan, causa, fog, ome, scala, cel, lei, paluz, sermo, claritat, licentia, part, significatio, cor, luna, passio, terra, creator, <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/06/tomo-4-apendice-3-bonifacii-ferrer.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">luxuria</a>, <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/05/de-exequiis-sepultura-et-infirmitate.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">peccador</a>, torment, Deu, Majestat, pel, veritat, diable, mandament, redemcio, vertut, doctor, mar, sacrament, vita.<br /></span></span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Exemples de l' emploi des adjectifs romans.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On lit dans le serment de 842:</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Christian, commun, Cadhun, nul.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les titres de 960 et 987, déja cités, offrent:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tot, nul, quant, meg.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Et le <a href="https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/details/bsb10091591" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">poëme de Boece</a>:<br />Bel, ferm, menut, clar, gran, par, corporal, grav, sord, dextre, jove, temporal, dreit, long, semestre, fals, mal aptes (1: <a href="https://recherchesfrance.blogspot.com/2023/07/7-14-vers-latins-retournez-reciprocos-recurrentes-retrogrades-capicua.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Malade</a>, de male aptus.), viv (: <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2022/03/apendice-2-biblias-lemosinas-siglos-xiv.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">viu</a>).</span></span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cette opération grammaticale fut si exactement et si généralement soumise aux règles de l' analogie, que, par la seule théorie, on devinerait la forme des noms romans, toutes les fois qu' ils ont été dérivés de noms latins.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les mêmes principes furent appliqués aux substantifs et aux adjectifs, lorsque le nouvel idiôme prit seulement leur racine dans le latin, et à ceux même qu' il emprunta des langues étrangères: les formes et les terminaisons de ces noms n' ont aucun caractère qui les distingue essentiellement du reste des noms romans.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Séduits par la conformité que les désinences en O et en E de l' <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9clinaisons_en_latin" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">ablatif</a> latin offrent avec les désinences de la plupart des noms italiens et espagnols, quelques philologues ont prétendu que l' ablatif latin avait fourni directement les substantifs et les adjectifs de la langue italienne et de la langue espagnole.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mais comment les <a href="https://www.superprof.fr/ressources/latin/latin-tous-niveaux/conjugaison-grammaire-college-declinaison-voix.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">ablatifs Cantu</a>, Fructu, Virtute, Veritate, Febri, Navi, Tempore, Frigore, Viridi, Forti, Celebri, Salubri, etc. auraient-ils produit les noms italiens et espagnols Canto, Fruto et Frutto, Virtu et Virtud, Verita et Verdad, Febbre et Fiebre, Nave et Navío, Tempo et Tiempo, Freddo et Frío, Verde, Forte et Fuerte, Celebre, Salubre, et tant d' autres semblables?</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ces philologues n' avaient considéré que les rapports de l' idiôme de leur pays avec la langue latine. Ignorant que la langue romane intermédiaire avait dit: Cant, Fruct, Virtut, Veritat, Febre, Nav (: nau), Temps, Freg,</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Verd, Fort, Celebre, Salubre, comment auraient-ils reconnu que chacun des idiômes qui continuèrent la langue romane avait ajouté au mot roman la modification et la désinence le plus convenables aux peuples qui devaient le prononcer, et que si les Espagnols ont conservé le mot roman Pan de Panem, les Italiens y ont ajouté la désinence E, qui a produit Pane, tandis que les Français, modifiant avec l' I la prononciation de l' A qui précède la consonne finale, ont fait Pain; et les Portugais, selon leur usage, changeant l' N en M, ont dit Pam, ou terminant le mot en O, et supprimant l' M devenu intérieur, ont dit Pa<span face="Verdana, sans-serif">õ</span> (1)?</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(1) Je pourrais rapporter ici beaucoup d' exemples semblables, mais je n' anticiperai point sur les rapprochements et les comparaisons que j' aurai occasion de faire des différents idiômes qui ont continué la langue romane primitive.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Une observation me semble décisive pour nous convaincre que les noms romans ont été formés du nominatif, et principalement de l' accusatif des Latins. Par ce systême, toutes les difficultés s' expliquent, tandis que les autres cas, tels que le génitif et l' ablatif, n' offrent pas le même avantage.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En effet, d' où seraient venus les relatifs QUE M et QUI, les substantifs REM et RES, DEU M et DEUS, etc.?</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Au reste, la solution de cette question particulière ne change rien au fait certain et démontré, que la suppression des désinences des cas, ou l' emprunt entier des mots latins, a produit presque tous les substantifs et adjectifs de la langue romane primitive.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mais, lorsque les substantifs et les adjectifs eurent été affranchis des terminaisons qui caractérisaient les cas latins, le seul emploi des prépositions DE et AD pouvait-il suppléer à l' absence des signes qui spécifiaient ces cas?</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non, sans doute; cet emploi n' était pas assez fréquent; aussi, quand il n' avait pas lieu, les substantifs ne pouvaient être que difficilement reconnus.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La nécessité suggéra une nouvelle ressource. Des documents nombreux attestent, d' une manière incontestable, que les pronoms ILLE et IPSE étaient employés auxiliairement dans la langue latine corrompue, et désignaient, comme substantifs, les mots au-devant desquels ils étaient placés; en voici des exemples:</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VIe siècle: "Calices argenteos IV... ILLE medianus valet solidos XXX...<br />Et ILLE quartus valet solidos XIII.”<br />An 552. Test. Aredii Diplom. chart. t. I.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Super fluvium Bria, in quo cadit quidam rivulus qui IPSAS determinat terras, et pergit IPSUS finis... Per IPSAM vallem et rivolum vadit."</span></span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">An 528. Dipl. CHILDEBERTI I. Diplom. chart. t. I.<br />(N. E. Ses illes; ipsas terras : sas terras : ses terres)</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VIIe siècle (1): "ILLI Saxones... Persolvant de ILLOS navigios... Ut ILLI negociatores de Longobardia sive Hispania et de Provincia et de alias regiones."</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">An 629. Dipl. Dagoberti I, Dipl. chart. t. I.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>IPSUM monasterium... Vastatum est, et omnes res quas IPSI monachi habebant cum IPSIS chartis deportata." An 663. Dipl. chart. t. I.</span></span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VIIIe siècle (2): "Dono... præter ILLAS vineas, quomodo ILLE rivulus currit... Totum ILLUM clausum.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">An 721. Diplom. chart. t. I.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(1) Les exemples de ce siècle me paraissent les plus décisifs, soit à cause du nombre, soit à cause de l' époque:</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">ILLE judex metuendus... Cum eo ponat judicium per ILLUM judicii tremendum diem... Unde ILLE rex celestis pro nobis retributor existat. An 615. Test. Bertrandi. Dipl. chart. t. I.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si autem dux exercitum ordinaverit et in ILLO fisco aliquid furaverit... ILLE minimus digitus ita solvetur ut pollex... ILLI autem alii articuli si abscissi fuerint... Si quis alteri oculum ruperit et ILLE pupillus intus restitit... Si occisus fuerit episcopus, sicut et ILLUM ducem ita eum solvat... Fugit ille qui occidit et ILLI pares sequuntur... ILLA pecunia post mortem mulieris retro nunquam revertatur, sed ILLE sequens maritus aut filii ejus in sempiternum possideant... Si ille talem equum involaverit quam Alamani Marach dicunt, sic eum solvat sicut et ILLUM æmissarium... Si enim in troppo de jumentis ILLAM ductricem aliquis involaverit. An 630. Capitul. lex Alamanorum.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(2) Judicatum ut ILLA medietate de ipsa porcione... Tam ILLA alia medietate quam et ILLA fidefacta. An 716. Dipl. Chilperici III. Dipl. chart. Placuit nobis ut ILLOS liberos homines comites nostri ad eorum opus servile non opprimant.<br />An 793. Capit. Karol. Mag.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Dicebant ut ILLE teloneus de ILLO mercado ad ILLOS necuciantes..."</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">An 753. Dipl. et chart. t. I.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Quiliano ab integre; Lapedeto IPSA quarta parte; Colonicas Mercuriano IPSA quarta parte."</span></span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">An 782. Hist. du Languedoc, preuves, t. I.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">IXe siècle: "Dicunt etiam quod ILLOS pauperiores constringant et in hostem ire faciunt."</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">An 811. Capit. Karoli Magni.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>In aliquis locis IPSI vicinantes multa mala patiuntur.”<br />An 806. Capit. <a href="https://recherchesfrance.blogspot.com/2023/08/9-4-opinion-erronee.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Karoli Magni</a>.</span></span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Xe siècle. A cette époque, et sur-tout dans les pays méridionaux, l' usage de cette locution devint si fréquent et si général, que la langue latine, déja corrompue par tant d' autres causes, n' offrit plus qu' un jargon grossier et entièrement défiguré (1: Qu'on parcoure les titres et les écrits du temps, et notamment les preuves de l' <a href="https://academiedulanguedoc.fr/historique/histoire-du-languedoc/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Hist. du Languedoc</a>, t. I et II, les appendices de l' <a href="http://www.google.cat/books?id=495ELHuIclEC&pg=RA1-PA2&focus=viewport&vq=jure&dq=editions:ISBN377525305X&lr=&hl=es&output=html_text" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Historia Tullensis</a>, et du Marca Hispanica, les pièces justificatives dans le <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallia_christiana" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Gallia Christiana</a>.)</span></span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quand nous trouvons, dans les titres et les documents de ces diverses époques, l' emploi auxiliaire des pronoms démonstratifs, pour désigner les substantifs qu' ils précèdent, douterions-nous que l' usage, ainsi établi dans la langue latine écrite, ne fût encore plus commun dans la langue latine parlée?</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et n' est-il pas évident que les nombreuses altérations et modifications du pronom ILLE et de ses divers cas, produisirent les articles de la langue romane?</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Des savants français et étrangers ont souvent observé que l' article des langues modernes du midi de l' Europe, dériva du pronom ILLE et de ses cas; mais ces philologues, ne remontant pas plus loin que la langue à laquelle ils appliquaient leurs recherches, n' avaient pas reconnu l' existence d' une langue intermédiaire; ils indiquèrent des rapports et des ressemblances, sans attacher leurs observations et leurs conjectures au systême général de l' origine et de la formation de la romane primitive.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ils avaient négligé de fonder la théorie de leur systême sur la preuve irrécusable de l' introduction des pronoms ILLE et IPSE dans la langue latine corrompue, pour indiquer spécialement, comme substantifs, les mots qu' ils précédaient; circonstance qui explique comment, dans le nouvel idiôme, l' instinct grammatical, par les nombreuses modifications du pronom ILLE et de ses cas, aura produit ces signes divers qui constituent les articles.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Il n' est pas hors de vraisemblance que du pronom IPSE, IPSO, employé aussi fréquemment que le pronom ILLE au-devant des substantifs, la nouvelle langue rejetant la première moitié, dont la prononciation était dure et difficile, adopta la dernière, et produisit le pronom démonstratif SO.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Il y a plus; l' <b>idiôme vulgaire <a href="http://www.proel.org/index.php?pagina=mundo/indoeuro/italico/romance/sardo" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Sarde</a></b>, qui a conservé les autres caractères constitutifs de la langue romane, offre la circonstance remarquable que son article est SO, <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=Bibiloni" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">SA</a>, venant sans doute d' IPSE.<br />(N. E. <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=Bibiloni" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ses illes</a>, Mallorca, <a href="https://es.wiktionary.org/wiki/ipsa" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">ipsa </a>: SA, <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCm3LTxQLUr56HEiYXTVQIXQ" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">sa casa</a>, <a href="https://www.mallorca-experte.net/sa-calobra/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">sa Calobra</a>, <a href="http://www.casapadrina.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">sa padrina</a>, &c.<br />Ipse – SE – ES.)</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La nouvelle langue parvint de cette manière à créer et à employer ces articles, qui, en nous indiquant et le genre et le nombre, suppléent à l' absence des cas; nouveauté aussi hardie qu' heureuse, puisque, jusqu' alors, les langues qui usaient d' articles, n' en avaient pas moins été soumises aux règles des déclinaisons.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Articles de la Langue Romane.<br /></span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Masculin. Féminin.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sing. el, lo la<br />Plur. Els, li, los, il las</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">combinés avec les prépositions DE et AD,</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sing. del, de la</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Plur. dels, des, de las</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sing. al, el, a la<br />Plur. als, a las</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Je crois avoir prouvé comment les altérations et modifications du pronom ILLE, et de ses cas masculins et féminins du singulier et du pluriel, ont produit ces différents articles.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Je ferai seulement deux observations sur l' article EL: La première, que les Latins, dans le langage familier, se servaient d' EL LUM pour ECCE ILLUM (1: En voici des exemples:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nescio qui senex modò venit: ELLUM, confidens, catus.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Terent. Andr. act. V, sc. 2.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">… <span>Parasitum tuum<br />Video occurrentem, ELLUM usque in platea. Plauto, Curc. Act. II, sc. 2.<br />… Aeschinus ubi est? - ELLUM, te expectat domi. Terent. Adelph. Act. II. sc. 3.)<br /></span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La seconde, que le changement de l' I intérieur en E fut fréquemment appliqué par la nouvelle langue aux mots qu' elle empruntait de la langue latine (1: Ainsi IPSE fut modifié en EPS; IN produisit EN, etc.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Des monuments des VIIIe, IXe, et Xe siècles attestent l' existence et l' emploi de ces articles.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">An 793. "In loco LA Ferraria." Muratori, dissert. 32.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">An 810. "Ego Hugo DELLA Roca... Lo mas de Castan... EL desme de Mauron. Arch. de Conq. Mém. pour l' Hist. du Rouergue, par Bosc.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">880. "Inde A LA croe... duos rivulos d' Asperiole... Ad LA Rochere... Infra rivulum DEL Brol et rivum DES Espesses de Murt.”</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Hist. de Lorraine, par Calmet, Pr. t. II, col. 143.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">884. "Fossatum DE LA vite." Muratori, dissert. 32.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">894. "Villam nostram quæ vocatur AL LA Corbaria." Balus. append. Hist. Tullensis.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">An 924. "In loco qui dicitur AL can." Balus. append. Hist. Tullensis.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">927. "Dimitto Sexterias villa... et AL LA Cassania." Baluze, Pr. de l' Hist. de la maison d' Auvergne.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">930. "Sancti Beniti DEL Verni... Sancta Maria DE LA Garda.”<br />Baluze, append. Hist. Tullensis.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">An. 960. “DEL castel... DEL comoniment." Tit. des comtes de Foix, de Bearn, etc. t. I, Ms. de Colbert.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">987. "Sunt illas terras A LAS fabrigas... de meg aripin de vinea Lo cart."</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Hist. du Languedoc, preuves, t. II, col. 141.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>994. "<a href="http://ctlf.ens-lyon.fr/textes/5202_fra_Raynouard_01_1816_T01.htm" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Sancta Maria da LI Pluppi</a>." Muratori, Dissert. 32.<br /></span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ainsi furent formés et introduits dans la langue romane ces articles qui caractérisent les langues de l' Europe latine, c'est-à-dire la langue française, l' espagnole, la portugaise, et l' italienne; articles, dont l' emploi facile, mais uniforme, a délivré ces idiômes modernes de la servitude des déclinaisons latines, sans nuire à la clarté du discours.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Le systême des articles fut-il indiqué par l' exemple qu' offrait la langue grecque, ou par les exemples plus récents et plus présents sans doute que fournissaient la langue gothique et la langue francique, et les autres idiômes du nord, qui ont employé les articles à une époque très ancienne?</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On peut dire de la langue grecque, que l' idiôme roman a si peu de ressemblance avec elle, de ressemblance avec elle, soit pour les articles et les cas, soit pour les autres formes grammaticales, qu' il est très vraisemblable que, dans son origine, il n' emprunta rien de cette langue.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A la vérité, nous rencontrons des hellénismes dans la langue des troubadours; ils y furent introduits sans doute par les habitants du midi de la France, dont la plupart étaient originaires de la Grèce: ces hellénismes enrichirent sans doute l' idiôme nouveau, mais n' influèrent pas sur sa formation.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quant à la langue gothique et à la langue francique, il est vrai que la traduction de l' évangile, faite en <b>langue gothique</b> par <b><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulfilas" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ulphilas</a></b>, dans le IVe siècle, et que des monuments de la <b>langue francique</b>, qui remontent aux VIIe et VIIIe siècles, offrent l' emploi des articles.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mais les articles de la langue romane sont absolument différents; et une dissemblance encore plus décisive, et qui exclut toute idée d' emprunt d' un idiôme à l' autre, c'est que les articles employés par les Grecs, les Goths et les Francs, ne les exemptaient pas de la nécessité de décliner les noms, soit substantifs, soit adjectifs, tandis que l' affranchissement des cas est l' un des caractères spéciaux de la langue romane.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Il est donc permis de croire que l' existence des articles employés par les autres idiômes, n' a eu aucune influence directe et immédiate sur la formation des articles romans.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Toutefois il est très vraisemblable que la langue gothique et la francique ont contribué indirectement et médiatement à la formation des articles romans, parce qu' elles ont été cause de l' introduction des pronoms ILLE et IPSE dans la langue latine corrompue, à l' effet de désigner les substantifs.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les Goths et les Francs avaient dans leur langue l' usage des articles.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quand ils furent mêlés avec les anciens habitants des pays qu' ils avaient conquis, et où ils s' étaient établis, la nécessité d' exprimer en latin les idées que leur esprit concevait d' abord sous les formes de leur langue natale, les força de chercher un signe latin pour reproduire le signe de l' article, qui, dans cette langue, annonçait et désignait le substantif.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Et comme les articles et les pronoms démonstratifs gothiques, franciques, sont les mêmes, ou presque les mêmes (1) ces peuples eurent recours aux pronoms démonstratifs de la langue latine ILLE et IPSE, pour rendre dans cette langue le signe qui, dans leurs idiômes, caractérisait le substantif en le précédant.<br />(1: <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulfilas" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Gothique d' Ulfilas</a>. Francique.<br />Article. Pron. dém. Article. Pron. dém.<br />Nominatif. sa sa der dher<br />Génitif. this this dhesses dhesses<br />Datif et Ablatif. thamma thamma dhemo desemo<br />Accusatif. thana thana then thesen</span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>On remarque un emploi très fréquent de l' ILLE, faisant les fonctions de l' article dans la loi <a href="https://www.geschichtsquellen.de/werk/3309" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">publiée par Dagobert</a>, sous le titre de <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lex_Alamannorum" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Lex Alamanorum</a>, qui paraît n' être que la traduction d' une loi originairement écrite en langue francique, traduction faite sans doute pour les peuplades qui avaient traversé le Rhin. Au contraire la loi qui fut aussi publiée par Dagobert, sous le titre de <a href="https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/details/bsb10490345" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Lex Ripuariorum</a>, c'est-à-dire des habitants du pays situé entre le Bas Rhin et la Basse Meuse, la plupart anciens Romains, n' offre plus le même emploi de l' ILLE devant les substantifs (2: Dans le gothique et le francique, tous les substantifs ne reçoivent pas constamment l' article; ce qui explique pourquoi, dans la langue latine dégénérée, l' ILLE et l' IPSE ne sont pas toujours placés devant les mots, qui, ensuite employés par la langue romane et par les langues qui en furent la continuation, ont presque toujours été précédés de l' article.</span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' opinion que je propose me paraît acquérir une sorte d' évidence par la circonstance remarquable que la langue romane, alors qu' elle a été vulgaire, a produit un semblable effet sur la langue latine, employée encore dans les actes publics. Les rédacteurs substituaient à l' article roman de leur idiôme vulgaire parlé ces pronoms ILLE et IPSE de l' idiôme latin écrit, ainsi que l' avaient fait autrefois les Goths et les Francs; et cela devait arriver, quand ces rédacteurs pensaient en langue romane, et écrivaient en langue latine (1:<br />J' ai antérieurement indiqué les collections où l' on trouve de semblables emplois de l' ILLE et de l' IPSE par l' effet de la réaction de la langue romane.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"IPSUM alodem de sanctas puellas cum <a href="https://www.tripadvisor.es/Attraction_Review-g187463-d15098609-Reviews-Esglesia_de_Sant_Felip_Neri-Palma_de_Mallorca_Majorca_Balearic_Islands.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">IPSA ecclesia</a> dono sancto Stephano... IPSE alodes de Canuas... Ipsa Roca cum IPSA ecclesia... IPSE alodes de Manulfellio monte cum IPSAS vineas remaneat auriolo (Auriolo, <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/12/tomo-13-apendice-de-documentos-21-30.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Oriol</a>) Sancio. IPSE <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/09/iudicialis-publicatio-testamenti-sancti-ermengaudi-episcopo-urgellensis-mxxxv-1035.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">alodes</a> de IPSO Solario... Et ILLA Boscaria remaneat Armardo, etc." An 960, Testament d' Hugues, évêque de Toulouse.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>Dono ad ILLO <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/08/donatio-monasterii-genesii-bellera-bellaria-facta-monasterio-gerrensi-anno-792-o-796.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">cœnobio</a> de Conquas ILLA <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/08/notitia-abbatiae-s-michaelis-monmagastre.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">medietate</a> de ILLO <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/12/xv-donatio-turris-quam-gerundellam.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">alode</a> de Auriniaco et de ILLAS <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">ecclesias</a>... ILLO alode de Canavolas et ILLO alode de Crucio et ILLO alode de Pociolos et ILLO alode de Garriguas et ILLO alode de Vidnago et ILLO alode de Longalassa et ILLOS mansos de Bonaldo, Poncioni abbati remaneat.” Au 961. TESTAMENT de Raimond Ier, comte de Rouergue.)</span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' emploi auxiliaire de l' ILLE et de l' IPSE devant les substantifs se trouve aussi dans les titres et chartes de l' Italie (2) et de l' Espagne (1-a); mais ces pièces ne sont pas d' une date aussi reculée que les diplômes de la France dans lesquels j' ai recueilli les exemples que j' ai cités.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(2) En Italie:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">An 713: "Prope IPSA ecclesia presbiteri... Ad IPSA Sancta Vertute." Muratori, dissert. 5.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">An 736: "IPSA supra dicta scolastica.” Muratori, dissert. 14.<br />An 752: "Donamus in IPSA sancta ecclesia... IPSE prænominatus sanctus</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">locus." Muratori, dissert. 21.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">An 810: "Una ex ipse regitur per Emmulo et ILLA alia per Altipertulo...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">IPSA prænominata Dei <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2023/01/ordinationes-synodo-dominicum-episcopum-ilerdensem-1428.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">ecclesia</a>.” <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lodovico_Antonio_Muratori" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Muratori</a>, dissert. 12.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">An 906: On lit dans les Annotazioni sopra i papiri de Marini, page 262,</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">un testament où l' article IPSE est très fréquemment employé:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>Habeat et IPSUM cellarium de IPSA cerbinara; habeat et IPSA domum de IPSUM geneccum et IPSUM centimullum cum IPSA <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/04/repartimiento-de-valencia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">coquina</a>, etc."</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(1-a) En Espagne:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">An 775 (*: A l' occasion de ce titre de 775, l' auteur observe que c'est le plus ancien titre qu' il ait connu parmi les manuscrits de l' Espagne: "Scripturarum omnium quæ ad nostram pervenere notitiam hæc vetustior."):<br />“Per ILLUM pelagrum nigrum... Per ILLAS casas alvas...<br />Per ILLA lacuna." España Sagrada, t. XVIII.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">An 781: "Per ILLO rio qui vadit inter <a href="https://www.bancsabadell.com/bsnacional/es/particulares/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Sabbadel</a> et villa Luz et inde ad ILLAM Molon, de ILLA strada de Patrunel et inde per ILLA via quæ vadit</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">ad ILLO castro de Poco et per ILLA via quæ vadit ad petra Terta...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et inde per ILLA strata de Guardia et inde per ILLA arclia de Branias et per ILLO rivulo de inter Brana, Trabera et Branas de Oldial et per ILLAS Mestas... et inde ad ILLO rio de Rillola... ad ILLO Poco de Trabe... et per ILLO Molon de inter ambos rivos ad ILLO rio unde prius diximus." Chart. Sylonis regis. Historias de Idacio, p. 130.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">An 844: "De ILLA Cartagera usque ad ILLAM villam, et deinde ad ILLO plano... Et de ILLAS custodias, etc." España Sagrada, t. XXVI.<br /><br />Enfin on trouverait un nouveau motif de conviction dans une autre circonstance également décisive, que je crois ne devoir point omettre.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dans quelques pays du nord, où les articles employés par l' idiôme vulgaire sont les mêmes ou à-peu-près les mêmes que les pronoms démonstratifs, la langue latine usitée pour les actes publics a quelquefois subi, comme dans les pays de l' Europe latine, l' introduction du pronom ILLE, en remplacement de l' article de l' idiôme vulgaire; la même cause produisant ainsi le même effet, en différents temps et en différents lieux (1: Les citations suivantes suffiront:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">“<span>Laureshamense cœnobium extructum hoc anno 770. Insigne dotatum </span></span><span style="font-family: verdana;">est a <a href="https://books.google.de/books?id=Mi1mAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA849&lpg=PA849&dq=%22Cancore+comite%22&source=bl&ots=yRssj9Q17t&sig=ACfU3U0fLdRoMj1HFRXBaB-ifPIrR1u70Q&hl=es&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjAha_M6L6BAxWQq6QKHbAGAFMQ6AF6BAgLEAM" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Cancore comite</a> et Anguila conjuge ejus.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Terram et silvam quæ est in ILLA marcha de Birstat... Et de IPSO rubero ad partem aquilonis sicut IPSA <u>incisio arborum</u> in IPSA die facta fuit: et sic ad ILLAM <u>ligneam crucem</u> quæ est posita juxta ILLAM viam quæ venit de Birstat... usque ad ILLUM monticulum." Eckart, Franc. Orient. t. 1, p. 610.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S. <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burchard_de_Wurtzbourg" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Burchard, évêque de Wirstbourg</a> en Franconie, dans une homélie contre les superstitions populaires, traduisant les expressions du vulgaire, s' exprime ainsi:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>Sed dicunt sibi: ILLUM ariolum vel divinum, ILLUM sortilogum, ILLAM erbariam consulamus." Eckart, Franc. Orient. t. I, p. 844.).</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Le fait est donc évident: c'est à l' introduction du pronom ILLE dans la langue latine corrompue, et aux diverses altérations et modifications des cas de ce pronom, que la nouvelle langue fut redevable et des articles et de la sorte d' articles qui la caractérisent.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' usage des cas procure aux idiômes deux avantages précieux.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Le premier, c'est une clarté inaltérable, puisque les désinences permettent de discerner sur le champ les sujets des régimes, et ces régimes les uns des autres.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Le second, c'est la grâce et le mérite des inversions: quand l' ordre direct n' est pas nécessaire, le déplacement des divers mots de la phrase, loin de nuire à la clarté, ajoute quelquefois à la clarté même, en permettant de les disposer de manière qu' ils présentent une gradation de nuances; alors leur place, habilement assignée, concourt à la perfection et à l' effet de l' image.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pour obtenir ces deux avantages, la nouvelle langue créa une méthode aussi simple qu' ingénieuse, qui produisit le même effet que les déclinaisons latines.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Au singulier, l' S ajouté ou conservé à la fin de la plus part des substantifs, sur-tout des masculins, désigna le sujet; et l' absence de l' S désigna le régime, soit direct, soit indirect.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Au pluriel, l' absence de l' S indiqua le sujet, et sa présence les régimes.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' où vint l' idée d' une telle méthode? De la langue latine même. La seconde déclinaison en US suggéra ce moyen.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Le nominatif en US a l' S au singulier, tandis que les autres cas consacrés à marquer les régimes, sont terminés ou par des voyelles ou par d' autres consonnes; et le nominatif en I au pluriel ne conserve pas l' S, tandis que cette consonne termine la plupart des autres cas affectés aux régimes.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Peut-on assez admirer cette industrie grammaticale, qui n' a existé dans aucune autre langue, industrie qui ensuite permit et facilita aux troubadours la grâce et la multitude des inversions à-la-fois les plus hardies et les plus claires?</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les anciens monuments de la langue romane offrent l' heureux emploi de ce signe caractéristique.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dans le serment de 842, on lit:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">SI Lodhwigs, quand ce nom propre est sujet; et en ensuite Contra <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/07/tomo-vi-viaje-la-iglesia-de-vique.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Lodhuwig</a>, quand il est régime;</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/07/carta-xxxvi-36-estado-iglesia-tortosa-despues-restauracion.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Carlus</a>, sujet; et deux fois Carlo, et une fois <a href="https://recherchesfrance.blogspot.com/search?q=Charlemagne" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Karle</a>, régimes;</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Avec Carlus, sujet, meos sendra; et avec Karlo, régime, meon, son.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">NE JO NE NEULS, comme sujet; NUL PLAID, comme régime.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">DEUS, sujet; et pro DEO AMUR, régime.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' auteur du poëme sur Boece a observé exactement cette règle, soit pour le singulier, soit pour le pluriel:<br />Sing. Tot aquel LIBRES era de fog ardent...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sa ma dextra la domna u LIBRE te (1).</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LIBRES est sujet, et LIBRE est régime.<br />Plur. Molt lo laudaven e AMIC e PARENT... (2).<br />Molt fort blasmava Boecis <a href="https://amicsdelchapurriau.blogspot.com/2020/09/y-es-que-tan-se-val.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">SOS AMIGS</a>.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">AMIG est sujet, et AMIGS régime.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"></span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pronoms Personnels.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fidèle à son systême d' imitation, l' idiôme roman s' appropria les pronoms personnels de la langue latine: il employa les uns sans y faire le moindre changement, et les autres en les soumettant à des modifications ou contractions toujours dirigées par l' analogie:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">JO, JEU, EO, EU, d' EGO, MI de mihi, ME de ME, NOS de NOS.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Si Jo returnar no l' int pois... Ne Jo ne neuls... Si salvarai EO (1)."<br />(1) "Si JE detourner ne l' en puis... Ni MOI ni nul... Oui, sauverai-JE..."</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Serment de 842.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Morz fo Mallios Torquator dunt EU dig (2).<br />(2) Mort fut Mallius Torquator dont JE parle." Poëme sur Boece.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Deus savir et podir ME dunat... Il MI altresi fazet (3)."<br />(3) "Dieu savoir et pouvoir me donne... Il ME ainsi faira." Serment de 842.<br />"Ora pro NOS (4). Nos en comonirez (5)”.<br />(4) "Priez pour NOUS. Litan. Carol. vers 780.<br />(5: “Nous en avertirez.” Actes de 960, MS. de Colbert.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br />TU de TU, TE de TE, TI de tibi, vos de vos.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Tu m' en comonras... Tu m' en absolveras... No T' en tolrai...<br />Ni 'l TE vederai... Ab TI et senes TI... No 'l vos tolrei... Vos en devederei (6: "Tu m' en avertiras... Tu m' en dispenseras... Ne t' en ôterai... Ni le TE défendrai... Avec TOI et sans TOI... Ne le vous ôterai... Vous en empêcherai." Actes de 960, MS. de Colbert.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">IL d' ILLE, EL d' ELLUM, LI, LUI d' ILLI, Lo d' ILLO, IL d' ILLI.<br />(N. E. ille – il; ellum – lum; illi – il; illo – il)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"IL mi altresi fazet...” (7: “IL me pareillement faira.” Serment de 842.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">EL era 'l meler de tota la honor (8: “IL était le meilleur de toute la seigneurie." Poëme sur Boece.)...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>Contra Lodhuwig nun LI iver (9: “Contre Louis ne LUI irai”... Serment de 842.)...<br />Qui la LI tolra, la LI devedara (1: Qui la LUI ôtera, la LUI prohibera..." Actes de 969, MS. de Colbert.)...<br />Ab ipso memorato principe LUI concessa (2: Formul. Marculf. vers 650.)..."</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per LUI aurien trastut redemcio (3: “Par LUI auraient tous redemption...” Poëme Sur Boece.)...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tu lo juva (4: "Que tu l' aides”... Litan. Carol. Vers 780.<br />- N. E. adjuvare : juva : cas. ayudar -)... Returnar L' int pois...”<br />(5: "Ramener l' y puis." Serment de 842.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fez LO lo reis en sa <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/12/dels-homens-del-offici-del-algotzir.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">charcer</a> gitar... (6 : “Fit LE le roi en sa prison jeter.”)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>IL sun tan bel e ta blanc e ta quandi (7: ILS sont si beaux, et si blancs, et si brillants.)<br /></span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">ELLA d' illa, LEI, ELLAS d' illas, LOR d' illorum.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum ELLA s' auca, cel a del cap polsat...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui amor ab LEI pren...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Entr' ELLAS doas (8)...<br />(8: Comme ELLE se hausse, le ciel elle a de la tête frappé...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui amour avec ELLE prend... Entre ELLES deux.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Poëme Sur Boece.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"LOR en seran...” (9: “LEUR en seront..." Actes de 960, MS. de Colbert.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De part Boeci LOR manda tal raczo (10: “De par Boece LEUR mande telle raison." Poëme sur Boece.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">SE de SE, SI de sibi.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sujet: En epsa l' ora SE son d' altra color...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Régime: C' ab damri Deu SE tenia forment...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quascus bos om SI fai lo so degra (11: En même heure ILS sont d' autre couleur...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' avec le Seigneur Dieu se tenait fortement...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Chaque bon homme se fait le sien degré.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Poëme Sur Boece.).</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pronoms Possessifs.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les pronoms possessifs romans furent pareillement dérivés de la langue latine.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les masculins soumis au signe de l' S final qui caractérisait les sujets du singulier, et les régimes du pluriel, aidèrent encore à la facilité des inversions et à la clarté du discours.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On a remarqué, dans les citations du serment de 842, MEOS sujet, et MEON régime au singulier.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Le poëme sur Boece présente:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">SOS, sujet, et SON, régime, au singulier;</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">SI et SOI, sujets, et SOS, régime, au pluriel;</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">NOSTRE et LOR, au pluriel.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et evers Deu era tot SOS afix...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas non es bes que s fi' en SON aver...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Bel sun SI drap, no sai nomnar los fils...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lai fo Boecis e foron i SOI par...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Molt fort blasmava Boecis <a href="https://amicsdelchapurriau.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">sos amigs</a>...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No credet Deu lo NOSTRE creator...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Las mias musas qui an perdut LOR cant (1:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et envers Dieu était tout SON attachement...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mais il n' est pas bien qu' il se fie en SON avoir...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Beaux sont ses vêtements, je ne sais compter les fils...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Là fut Boece et furent y SES pairs...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Très fort blâmait Boece SES amis...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Il ne crut pas Dieu le NOTRE créateur...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les miennes muses qui ont perdu LEUR chant.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Poëme Sur Boece.)<br /></span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les pronoms féminins terminés en A au singulier et en AS au pluriel, restèrent soumis aux règles générales qui gouvernaient les substantifs féminins en A.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dans la grammaire détaillée de la langue romane, les pronoms possessifs offriront des variétés nombreuses, et cependant toujours conformes à l' analogie et aux caractères qui distinguent les sujets et les régimes.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pronoms Démonstratifs.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' article, dans toutes les langues qui l' emploient, est une sorte de pronom démonstratif général.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Elles ont aussi des pronoms démonstratifs particuliers, qui désignent spécialement le nom auquel ils sont attachés. La langue romane, qui avait dérivé de la langue latine son article, en dériva aussi ses pronoms démonstratifs.<br />D' ISTE vint IST, ISTA, changé ensuite en EST, ESTA. Dans le Serment de 842, on trouve d' IST di.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De la combinaison d' ILLE et d' ISTE avec HIC ou ECCE (1), furent formés les démonstratifs romans</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">cil, cist, icil, cel, celui, cest, etc.<br />aquil, icist, aquel, icest, etc.<br />(1) Dans le langage familier, les Latins contractaient quelquefois l' ECCE avec les pronoms ILLE et ISTE:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>Habeo ECCILLAM meam clientem.” Plauto. Mil act. 3, sc. I.<br />“Tegillum ECCILLUD mihi unum arescit." Plauto. Rud. act. 2, sc. 7.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Certè ECCISTAM video." Plauto Curcul. act. 5, sc. 2.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>Salvarai eo CIST meon fradre Carlo”.<br />(2: “Sauverai moi CE mien frère Charles." Serment de 842.)<br /></span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">CEL non es bos que a frebla scala s te...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">CEL no quatra ja per negu torment...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">CELLUI vai be qui tra mal e jovent...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">CIL li faliren qu' el solient ajudar...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas CIL qui poden montar...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">AQUEL qui la non estai fermament...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tot AQUEL libres era de fog ardent...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab AQUEL fog s' en pren so <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/06/venganza-judio-noble-ibieca.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">vengament</a> (1:<br />CELUI-LA n' est bon qui à fragile échelle se tient...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">CELUI-LA ne tombera jamais par aucun tourment...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">CELUI-LA va bien qui supporte le mal en jeunesse...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">CEUX-LA lui faillirent qui le avaient coutume d' aider...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mais CEUX qui peuvent monter...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">CELUI qui là ne se tient fermement...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tout CE livre était de feu ardent...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Avec CE feu elle en prend sa vengeance.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Poëme Sur Boece.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br />Le pronom IPSE fournit d' abord à la langue romane EPS, EPSA, qui ensuite furent modifiés:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">EPS li Satan son en so mandament...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En EPSA l' ora se sun d' altra color (2:<br />MÊMES les démons sont en son commandement...<br />En la MÊME heure ils sont d' autre couleur.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Poëme Sur Boece.)<br /></span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">SEMETIPSE fut également imité:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://llengua-valenciana.blogspot.com/2021/04/vita-christi-isabel-villena-ysabel-billena-monestir-trinitat-valencia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ella SMETESSMA ten las claus de paradis</a>... (Italiano <a href="https://www.mre.gov.py/embapar-italia/index.php/secciones-de-la-embajada/servicios-consulares/certificados/certificato-di-medessima-persona" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">medessima</a>)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ella <a href="https://llengua-valenciana.blogspot.com/2021/05/capitol-xxii-22-embaxador-recita-senyora-signulars-goigs-alegries.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">MEDESMA</a> telset so vestiment (3:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://llengua-valenciana.blogspot.com/2021/05/capitol-xxii-22-embaxador-recita-senyora-signulars-goigs-alegries.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Elle MÊME tient les clefs du paradis</a>...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Elle MÊME tissut son vêtement. Poëme sur Boece.)<br /><br />Une autre espèce de pronoms démonstratifs employés dans un sens imité du neutre fut dérivée d' hoc, d' ipso.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">O d' hoc conserva dans la langue romane son acception latine, qui était appliquée au sens neutre, et que la langue française a exprimée par CELA:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>In O quid il mi altresi fazet.” (1: “En CELA que il me pareillement faira.” Serment de 842.)</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">AQUO, formé de la racine d' aqu<b>ell</b> et de cet O roman, signifia CE:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Fors d' AQUO de que absolvera.” (2: “Hors de CE de quoi il dispensera." An 989, Hist. de Languedoc, Pr. t. 2.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="break-before: page; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pronoms Relatifs.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Avec la même simplicité de moyens, et avec le même succès, la nouvelle langue remplaça les nombreuses variétés qu' offraient les cas latins du QUI relatif.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">QUI roman, pris du nominatif latin, servit à exprimer le QUI sujet, quel que fût le genre ou le nombre du nom auquel il se rapportait.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">QUE dérivé de QUEM, accusatif régime direct, désigna ordinairement ce régime, quel que fût le genre et le nombre du nom auquel il se rapportait.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quand les prépositions s' attachèrent à QUE, il indiqua les régimes indirects; et d' ailleurs, pour ces régimes, la langue romane employa encore CUI, soit en conservant le datif, soit en supprimant la désinence du génitif Cui<u>us</u>.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Du pronom qualificatif QUALIS, elle forma QUAL; et, par l' adjonction de l' article, il devint un pronom relatif auxiliaire.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">QUE fut parfois employé comme sujet, mais qui ne fut jamais employé comme régime direct; quand on le soumit à l' action des prépositions, il indiqua des régimes indirects.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Voici des exemples des différents emplois de ce pronom relatif.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sujet: "Nul plaid nunquam prindrai QUI, etc."<br />Régime: "Si Lodhwigs sagrament QUE son fradre Karlo jurat...”<br />(1: "Nul accord ne prendrai QUI...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>"Si Louis le serment QUE à son frère Charles il jure..." Serment de 842.)<br /></span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sujet: “QUI las li tolra... QUI las vos tolra.” (2: "QUI les lui ôtera... QUI les vous ôtera." Actes de 960, MS. de Colbert.)<br /><br />Régime: "Fors d' aquo de QUE absolvera.” (3: “Hors de ce DONT il dispensera.” An 989, Hist. du Languedoc, pr. t. I.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sujet: Anc non vist u QUI tant en retegues...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Las mias musas QUI an perdut lor cant...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Régime: En CUI merce tuit peccador estant...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Molt val lo bes QUE l' om fai e jovent (4: Oncques ne vit un QUI tant en retint...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les miennes muses QUI ont perdu leur chant...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En DE QUI la miséricorde tous les pécheurs sont...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Beaucoup sert le bien QUE l' homme fait en sa jeunesse.)<br /><br />Sujet: Cel non es bos QUE a frebla scala s te (5: Celui-là n' est bon QUI à fragile échelle se tient.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Poëme Sur Boece.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' adverbe latin UNDE fournit à la langue romane un nouveau moyen d' exprimer le sens indiqué par les génitifs et les ablatifs latins du QUI relatif.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De UNDE (1), par le retranchement de l' E final, produisit DUNT:<br />(1) On trouve, dans la basse latinité, l' emploi d' UNDE dans le sens de CUJUS, A QUO, EX QUO.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Arca illa ubi solarius edificatus est cum orto UNDE agebatur." An 840. Muratori, Dissert. 10.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Morz fo Mallios Torquator DUNT eu dig. (2: Mort fut Mallius Torquator DONT je parle.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Entre autres acceptions, le QUE roman fut aussi employé à exprimer le QUAM, l' UT, et l' EO QUOD des Latins:<br />Qui tant i pessa QUE al no faria ja...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qui nos pais QUE no murem de fam. (3: Qui tant y pense QUE autre chose ne fairait jamais...<br />Et qui nous paît AFIN QUE nous ne mourions de faim. Poëme Sur Boece.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">QUI et QUAL furent aussi employés comme pronoms interrogatifs:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sing. Sujet: E QUALS es l' om qui a ferma scala s te?</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sing. Régime: CAL an li auzil significatio?</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Plur. Sujet: CAL sun li auzil qui sun al T montat? (4:<br />E QUEL est l' homme qui à ferme échelle se tient?</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">QUELLE ont les oiseaux signification?</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">QUELS sont les oiseaux qui sont au T montés?</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Poëme Sur Boece.)<br /></span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Appliquant aux êtres animés les différentes modifications ou contractions de ses cas, ILLE avait formé la troisième classe des pronoms personnels.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Plusieurs des modifications de ces cas, appliquées autrement qu' aux êtres animés, formèrent une autre espèce de pronoms relatifs, toutes les fois qu' elles ne précédaient pas un nom.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">EL, ELS, LO, LOS, LA, LAS, LOR.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Ni EL te vederei... Lo tornarei... No 'LS vos tolrai... NO LA L devedera... NO LAS li devedera (1: “Ni LE te défendrai... LE rendrai... Ne LES vous ôterai... Ne LA lui empêchera... Ne LES lui empêchera.” Actes de 960. MS. de Colbert.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De même les autres pronoms démonstratifs IST, EST, CIST, CEST, ICEL, AQUEL, etc. firent fonction de pronoms relatifs, lorsqu' ils n' étaient pas attachés directement à un nom; parce que, employés de la sorte, ils ne servent plus à démontrer immédiatement l' objet, mais seulement à indiquer la relation qui existe avec cet objet précédemment indiqué.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">O, SO, CO, ZO, AIZO, AQUO.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les pronoms démonstratifs O d' hoc, SO, CO, ZO, d' ipso, dérivés du neutre latin, et employés par la langue romane dans le même sens, devinrent aussi pronoms relatifs, lorsqu' ils furent employés séparément, pour exprimer une relation, un rapport à une idée ou à un nom, auquel ils n' étaient pas immédiatement attachés.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"No o farai... Vos o tendrai..." (2: “Ne LE fairai... A vous LE tiendrai." Actes de 960. Ms. de Colbert.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nos e molz libres o <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2022/11/sententia-contra-na-blanquina-muller-de.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">trobam</a> legen... (3: Nous en plusieurs livres CELA trouvons en lisant...)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Zo signifiga de cel la dreita lei...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per zo no 'l vol Boecis a senor...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Zo sun tuit omne qui de joven sun bo. (1:<br />CELA signifie du ciel la droite loi...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pour CELA ne le voulut Boece à seigneur...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ce sont tous hommes qui dès jeunesse sont bons...)<br /><br />AIZO et AQUO, signifiant CECI, CELA, CE:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per AIZO m fas e chaitiveza star. (2: Pour CECI tu me fais en captivité être. Poëme Sur Boece.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Fors d' AQUO de que absolvera." (3: “Hors de ce dont il dispensera.” An 989. Hist. du Languedoc, pr. t. 2.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' adverbe INDE avait, dans la langue latine, et sur-tout à l' époque de sa décadence, quelquefois remplacé ou suppléé le pronom relatif ILLE.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Au lieu d' ILLIUS, d' ILLORUM, EX ILLO, AB ILLO, EX ILLIS, AB ILLIS, on disait INDE, EX INDE:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Stant calices; minor INDE fabas, olus alter habebat. Ovidio, Fast. 5.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cadus erat vini; INDE implevi Cirneam.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Plauto Amphitr. act. I, sc. I.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(4: Dans la basse latinité, cet emploi de l' INDE fut très fréquent:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>Ut mater nostra ecclesia Viennensis INDE nostra hæres fiat." An 543. Diplom. Chart. t. 1.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>Cepit de ipsis spolia; aliquid EX INDE dilecto filio nostro obtulit."<br />An 795. Hist. du Languedoc, Pr. t. 1.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>Ut quidquid EX INDE facere volueris." An 888. Marc. Hisp. append.<br />Ce qui ne doit laisser aucun doute sur l' acception du mot EN provenant d' INDE, c'est que, dans un titre où le roman est mêlé au latin, on lit à-la-fois:</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Adjutor INDE ero ad supradictum... Adjutor EN sere." An 1064. Marc. Hisp. append.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">INDE produisit d' abord INT, ensuite ENT, de même que la préposition<br />IN produisit EN:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>Retornar l' INT pois" (1: "Détourner le EN puis." Serment de 842.)</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ella 's ta bella, reluz' ENT lo palaz. (2: "Elle est si belle, reluit EN le palais." Poëme sur Boece.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>Per quantas vez m' EN commonras... Postad t' EN darai... Fors quant tu m' EN absolveras. (3: "Par quantes fois tu m' EN avertiras... Pouvoir je t' en donnerai... Hors quand tu m' EN dispenseras." Actes de 960. Ms. de Colbert.)</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant EN retenc que de tot no fo blos;</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tan bo essemple EN laiset entre nos. (4: Tant EN retint que de tout il ne fut dépouillé. Tant bon exemple il EN laissa parmi nous.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Poëme sur Boece.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tibi et sibi avaient fourni à la langue romane TI et SI. De même IBI (5) produisit I, Y, espèce de pronom qui servit à exprimer les rapports du datif, comme EN exprimait ceux du génitif ou de l' ablatif.<br />(5) Dans la basse latinité, IBI signifiait quelquefois ILLI, ILLIS.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>Ipsum monasterium expoliatum, et omnes cartæ, quas de supra dicto loco IBI delegaverunt, ablatæ." An 664. Dipl. Clotaire III.<br />“Trado IBI casale... Tradimus IBI terram... Dono IBI decimas.” An 888. España Sagrada, t. 28.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Non y donara." (6: “N' y donnera." Actes de 985. Hist. du Languedoc, Pr. t. I.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lai fo Boecis e foren I soi par...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui tant I pessa que al no fara ja. (7: La fut Boece, et furent Y ses pairs...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui tant Y pense que autre chose ne faira jamais.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Poëme sur Boece.)<br />(N. E. Este I es HI, y se encuentra también en el castellano antiguo como hy.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pronoms Indéfinis.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les anciens monuments de la langue romane offrent plusieurs des pronoms indéfinis, c'est-à-dire des pronoms qui, se rapportant à des substantifs non exprimés dans le discours, en remplissent eux-mêmes les fonctions.<br />OM d' homo.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>Sicum OM, per dreit, son fradra salvar dist.” (1: Comme on, par droit, son frère sauver doit." Serment de 842.)<br />Il se trouve quelquefois précédé de l' article:<br />L' OM no 'l laiset a salvament anar. (2: L' on ne le laissa à sauvement aller...)<br /></span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">UN d' unus, AL, ALTRE d' alter, NUL de nullus, TOT de totus, RES, etc. etc.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum l' US lo pert, a l' ALTRE ve tener. (3: Comme l' UN le perd, à l' AUTRE il voit tenir...)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui tant i pessa que AL no fara ja. (4: Qui tant y pense que AUTRE CHOSE ne faira jamais. Poëme sur Boece.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Ne io ne NEULS." (5: Ni moi ni NUL.” Serment de 842.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E Teirix col TOT e mal sa razo...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ne potden tan e lor cors cobeetar,</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ella de TOT no vea lor pessar... (6: Et Théodoric accueille TOUT en mal sa raison... Ils ne peuvent tant en leurs cœurs convoiter, qu' elle de TOUT ne voie leur penser... Poëme sur Boece.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quand se regarda pero RES no L rema...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non ai que <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/06/xcv-reg-1898-fol-124-25-oct-1390.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">prenga</a> ne no posg RE donar. (1: Quant il se regarde, pourtant RIEN ne lui reste... Je n' ai que je prenne ni ne puis RIEN donner. Poëme sur Boece.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les pronoms démonstratifs devinrent de simples adjectifs, quand ils furent joints à un nom.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Outre les pronoms déja cités, qualiscumque produisit QUASCUN, quantus QUANT, nec unus NEGUN, usque ad unum CADUN, multus MOLT, talis TAL, etc.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Voici des exemples de ces différents pronoms employés comme adjectifs:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Davan so vis NULZ om no s pot celar. (2: "Devant son regard NUL homme ne se peut celer." Poëme sur Boece.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Ab Ludher NUL plaid nunquam prindrai... In NULLA ajudha. (3: Avec Lothaire NUL traité jamais je prendrai... En NULLE aide." Serment de 842.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' UNA donzela fo lains visitaz...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que NEGUS om no pot deffar neient...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cel no quatra ja per NEGU torment. (4: D' UNE demoiselle il fut là visité...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que AUCUN homme ne peut defaire néant...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Celui là ne tombera jamais par AUCUN tourment. Poëme sur Boece.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Et in CADHUNA cosa.” (5: "Et en CHACUNE chose." Serment de 842.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">QUASCUS bos om si fai lo so degra...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De part Boeci lor manda TAL raczo... (6: CHACUN bon homme se fait le sien degré... De la part de Boece il leur mande TELLE raison.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nos e MOLZ libres o trobam legen...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lai o solien las ALTRAS leis jutjar. (1: Nous en PLUSIEURS livres cela nous trouvons en lisant...<br />Là où ils avaient coutume les AUTRES causes juger. Poëme sur Boece.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Per QUANTAS vez..." (2: “Par TOUTES les fois." Actes de 960, Ms. de Colbert.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La langue romane imprima à quelques-uns de ses pronoms des signes particuliers qui distinguent leur emploi comme sujets ou comme régimes au pluriel. (3: La grammaire présentera à ce sujet les exemples détaillés pour chaque pronom auquel cette règle fut appliquée.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ainsi TOT fit au pluriel masculin TUIT, quand il était sujet, et TOTS, quand il était régime.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sujet Plur. Zo sunt TUIT omne qui de joven sun bo...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Régime Plur. E te m soli' eu a TOZ (: tots) diaz fiar. (4: Ce sont TOUS hommes qui dès jeunesse sont bons.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En toi me avais coutume je à TOUS jours fier. Poëme sur Boece.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="break-before: page; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Formation des Verbes.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pour la formation des infinitifs, la nouvelle langue appliqua encore le systême de suppression des désinences. Les verbes latins actifs terminent presque tous leurs infinitifs en RE.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' E final fut rejeté, et l' R devint la terminaison presque générale des infinitifs de la langue romane, qui furent en AR, ER, et IR.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LAT. Amare, Tenere, Sentire.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">ROM. Amar, Tener, Sentir.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Assez souvent la nouvelle langue changea en RE l' ER dérivé des verbes latins en ERE, quand cet ER se trouvait après certaines consonnes.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ainsi, au lieu de Toler, Deceber, Escriver, et autres semblables, elle dit: Tolre, Decebre, Escrivre.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On a vu précédemment que les participes présents et passés devenaient des adjectifs verbaux; et qu' il avait été produit,</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">AMANT de amant em, AMAT de amat um.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La suppression de la terminaison DO, qui caractérisait l' un des gérondifs latins, produisit d' amando AMAN, qui conserva le sens originaire.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Voici des exemples des divers infinitifs:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">AR: “Son fradra salvar dist... returnar int pois. (1: Son frère SAUVER doit... DÉTOURNER en puis." Serment de 842.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">ER, RE: Ni gens de lui non volg TENER s' onor. (2: “Ni point de lui ne voulut TENIR sa dignité." Poëme sur Boece.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Tolre volgesses... N' auses combatre." (3: "OTER tu voulusses... N' osasses combattre." Actes de 960, MS. de Colbert.)<br />IR: Morir volria e es e gran masant. (4: MOURIR voudrait et il est en grand trouble...)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br />Participes présents et passés, et gérondifs:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">ANT: La pelz li rua; hec lo cap te tremblant...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">AT: Cum ella s' auca, cel a del cap polsat...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">AN: Cum el es velz, vai s' onor descaptan... (5: La peau lui ride, voici que le chef il tient tremblant...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Comme elle se hausse, le ciel elle a du chef frappé.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Comme il est vieux, va sa dignité en diminuant.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Poëme sur Boece.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Indicatif.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Présent. Pour désigner la première personne du présent de l' indicatif actif, la langue latine changeait en O la terminaison de ses infinitifs.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La langue romane rejeta l' O, et cette première personne fut ordinairement formée par la simple suppression de la terminaison AR, ER ou RE, et IR, qui caractérisait le présent de ses infinitifs.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ainsi de plorar - pleurer, de fazer - faire, vinrent plor et faz.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Plor tota dia, faz cosduma d' efant. (1: Je PLEURE tout le jour, je FAIS coutume d' enfant." Poëme sur Boece.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La seconde personne fut conservée du latin: à l' exemple de la langue latine, toutes les secondes personnes des divers temps et des divers modes furent caractérisées par l' S final. Il n' y eut d' autres exceptions que le singulier du prétérit simple de l' indicatif, et le singulier du présent de l' impératif, et ces exceptions existent aussi dans la langue latine.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pour la troisième personne, le T final des verbes latins fut toujours supprimé, et on put employer aussi la forme caractéristique de la première. (2: Quelquefois, à la première ainsi qu' à la troisième personne, l' euphonie permit d' ajouter l' I final, même en supprimant la consonne qui terminait ce temps du verbe.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ainsi l' on dit:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De part Boeci lor MANDA tal raczo... (3: De la part de Boece leur MANDE telle raison...)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ella smetessma TEN las claus de paradis. (1: Elle-même TIENT les clefs du paradis.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La première personne du pluriel fut formée en supprimant la finale US:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Amamus AMAM, Tenemus TENEM, Habemus HAVEM:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nos e molz libres O TROBAM legen...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nos de molz omnes nos o AVEM veut. (2: Nous en plusieurs livres cela TROUVONS en lisant...<br />Nous de plusieurs hommes nous cela AVONS VU.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La seconde le fut par la soustraction de l' I intérieur de la terminaison latine TIS: Amatis, AMATS. Toutes les secondes personnes du pluriel des divers modes et des divers temps subirent cette soustraction.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et la troisième par la suppression du T des Latins, comme d' Amant, Aman, de Tenent, Tenen.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">AN des verbes en AR fut quelquefois modifié en EN ou ON, et EN des verbes en ER le fut aussi quelquefois en ON, selon la prononciation des différents pays.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que zo ESPEREN que faza a lor talen... (3: Qui cela ESPÈRENT que je fasse à leur volonté... Poëme sur Boece.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br />Imparfait. Les verbes dérivés des verbes latins en ARE formèrent leur imparfait par la suppression des désinences, excepté dans les secondes personnes du singulier et du pluriel, l' une n' éprouva aucun changement, et l' autre subit le retranchement de l' I intérieur.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lat. Amabam, amabas, amabat, amabamus, amabatis, amabant.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Par le changement très ordinaire du B en V,</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Rom. - amava, amavas, amava, amavam, amavats, amavan, amaven, amavon.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Voici des exemples de cet imparfait:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Molt fort Blasmava Boecis sos amigs...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De sapiencia l' Apellaven doctor. (1: Très fort BLAMAIT Boece ses amis...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De sagesse l' APELLAIENT docteur.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les verbes en ER, RE, et IR, dérivés des latins en ERE ou IRE, adoptèrent la désinence en IA.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Il est vraisemblable que la quatrième conjugaison latine fournit cette désinence; la suppression ordinaire de la fin, et de EB intérieur produisit ce temps de la langue romane.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lat. audiebam, audiebas, audiebat.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Par le changement fréquent du D en Z, (Z : ts, tz)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Rom. Auzia, auzias, auzia.<br />Lat. Audiebamus, audiebatis, audiebant.<br />Rom. Auziam, auziats, auzian, auzen ou auzon.<br /><br />C' ab damri deu se Tenia forment...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De tot l' emperi 'l Tenien per senor. (2: Qu' avec le seigneur Dieu il se TENAIT fortement...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De tout l' empire le TENAIENT pour seigneur.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Poëme sur Boece.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Prétérit Simple. Ce temps éprouva plus ou moins de modifications selon les différentes conjugaisons des verbes latins, mais ces modifications furent toujours soumises aux règles de l' analogie.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les verbes romans dérivés des verbes latins en ARE, firent ce prétérit en</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">EI, EIS, ET, EM, ETS, ERON ou EREN.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cui tant <b>amet</b> Torquator Mallios...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">NO <b>credet</b> deu lo nostre creator. (1: Que tant AIMA Torquator Mallius... Il ne CRUT Dieu le nôtre créateur.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Plusieurs verbes romans dérivés des verbes latins de la seconde et troisième conjugaison en ERE, et sur-tout des verbes de la quatrième conjugaison en IRE, firent leur prétérit simple en</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">I, IST I, IM, ITS, IREN ou IRON.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No t <b>servi</b> be, no la m <b>volguist</b> laisar...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cil li <b>faliren</b> qu' el solient ajudar. (2: Je ne te SERVIS bien, tu ne la me VOULUS laisser...<br />Ceux-là lui FAILLIRENT qui avaient coutume de l' aider.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Prétérit Composé. Il fut formé par le présent du verbe AVER, mis au-devant du participe passé.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quant be se dreca, lo cel A PERTUSAT...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Zo sun bon omne qui AN REDEMS lor peccat. (3: Quand bien se dresse, le ciel elle A PERCÉ...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ce sont bons hommes qui ONT RACHETÉ leurs péchés.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Poëme sur Boece.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Plus-que-Parfait. D' après l' analogie, on employa l' imparfait du verbe AVER devant le même participe.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Futur simple. A la fin du présent de l' infinitif roman fut placé le présent du verbe AVOIR, ou en entier ou par aphérèse,</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">AMAR AI (1), AS, A, AVEM, AVETS, AN.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sing. 1.re p.: Si salvarai eo... prindrai... (2)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vedarai... aucirai... darai... tolrai... farai... (3)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">2.e Daras (4)... faras... comonras... absolveras... (5)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">3. e Decebra... devedara... tolra... asalira... recreira... (6)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Plural. 1.re Darem... tolrem... enquerrem... vedarem... serem... (7)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">2.e Commonirez... (8)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">3.e Decebran, seran, torneran, tolran, absolveran. (9:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Futur Composé. Il fut formé en plaçant le futur simple du verbe AVER devant le participe passé des verbes.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(2) “Ainsi sauverai-je... Je prendrai..." Serment de 842.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(3) “Empêcherai... Occirai... Donnerai... Oterai... Fairai." Actes de 960, MS. de Colbert.<br />(4) “Tu donneras.” (*: Augustus efficitur Justinianus; qui, nihil moratus, collecto exercitu contra barbaros est profectus, et commissâ pugnâ, fugatisque hostibus, regem se eorum cepisse gavisus est. Quem in solio regni juxtà se sedere fecit, et ut provincias quas Romanis eripuerat, sibi restitueret imperavit. Cui ille, non inquit, dabo. Ad hæc Justinianus respondit DARAS. Pro cujus novitate sermonis civitas eo loci constructa est cui DARAS nomen est. Aimoin, lib. 2, c. 5.)<br />(5) “Tu fairas, tu avertiras, tu dispenseras...”</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(6) "Il trompera, prohibera, ôtera, assaillira, lassera..."</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(7) "Nous donnerons, ôterons, enquerrons, prohiberons, serons...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(8) "Vous avertirez."</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(9) “Ils tromperont, seront, retourneront, ôteront, dispenseront.”<br />Actes de 960, MS. de Colbert.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="break-before: page; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Conditionnel.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Présent. La désinence de l' imparfait du verbe AVER fut ajoutée au présent de l' infinitif des verbes.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">AMAR IA, IAS, IA, IAM, IATS, IAN, ou ION, IEN.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">NO COMPRARI' Om ab mil livras d' argent. (1)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>TOLRIAN ni t' en TOLRIAN." (2)</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Per lui AURIEN trastus redemcio. (3)<br />(1) “N' ACHETERAIT on pas avec mille livres d' argent." Poëme de Boece.<br />(2) "OTERAIENT ni t' en ÔTERAIENT." Actes de 960, MS. de Colbert.<br />(3) "Par lui AURAIENT trèstous redemption.” Poëme sur Boece.</span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">La langue romane forma aussi son conditionnel avec le plus-que-parfait latin, et d' amaveram, amaveras, amaverat, etc. </span><span style="font-family: verdana;">vinrent amera, ameras, amera, etc.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Futur. Le conditionnel présent du verbe AVER, placé devant le participe passé des autres verbes, forma le futur de leur conditionnel.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Impératif.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Soit que la seconde personne de l' impératif des Latins eût été formée en retranchant la terminaison RE du présent de l' infinitif, soit que ce présent eût été formé lui-même par l' adjonction de RE à cette seconde personne, la langue romane, imitant toujours la langue latine, employa assez généralement, pour cette personne de l' impératif, la suppression de l' R final de son infinitif.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quelquefois elle retrancha l' S final de la seconde personne du présent de l' indicatif.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les Latins avaient de plus la terminaison ATO, ETO, ITO, pour désigner la seconde personne de l' impératif, et ils n' employaient que cette désinence pour la troisième personne.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cet exemple dirigea probablement la nouvelle langue, quand elle attribua à cette troisième personne la terminaison de la seconde.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les trois personnes du pluriel subirent les modifications intérieures ou finales qu' exigeait l' analogie.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Subjonctif.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' après les mêmes règles, le subjonctif des verbes en AR offrit AM E, ES, E, EM, ETS, EN ou ON, venant d' amem, ames, amet, amemus, ametis, ament.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">3.e Pers. du Pl. De part Boeci, lor manda tal raczo<br />Que PASSEN mar garnit de contenco.<br />(1: De la part de Boece, il leur mande telle raison<br />Qu' ils PASSENT la mer munis de guerre.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Celui des verbes en ER ou en IR fut de même formé en A et IA, etc. venant d' A m, IA m, etc.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">1.ere Pers. Que zo esperen que FAZA a lor talen...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non ai que PRENGA ne no posg re donar...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">3.e Pers. No potden tan e lor cor cobeetar<br />(2: Que cela ils espèrent que je FASSE à leur volonté...<br />Je n' ai rien que je PRENNE ni ne puis rien donner...<br />Ils ne peuvent tant en leurs cœurs convoiter...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Poëme sur Boece.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ella de tot no VEA lor pessar. (1: Qu' elle de tout ne VOIE leurs pensers." Poëme sur Boece.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La formation de l' imparfait du subjonctif offre une circonstance qui mérite d' être remarquée.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' emploi auxiliaire de l' imparfait de l' indicatif du verbe AVER, placé devant le participe passé, composait le plus-que-parfait de l' indicatif roman.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Le plus-que-parfait latin, modifié à la manière accoutumée, avait servi au conditionnel; d' amaveram était venu AMERA, AMERIA, etc.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De semblables moyens furent mis en usage pour le subjonctif.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Le parfait et le plus-que-parfait ayant été formés par l' emploi auxiliaire du présent et de l' imparfait du subjonctif du verbe AVER, placé devant le participe passé, la nouvelle langue fit son imparfait en modifiant le plus-que-parfait latin dont elle ne se servait pas.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' - AVI du prétérit simple latin avait produit EI; cet EI fut changé en E quand il ne fut plus la finale caractéristique du prétérit simple; cette modification autorisée par la prononciation, avait déja été pratiquée dans les autres personnes du prétérit de l' indicatif.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' imparfait roman fut ainsi modifié du plus-que-parfait latin.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Lat. Amavissem, amavisses, amavisset<br />Rom. Ames, amesses, ames<br />Lat. Amavissemus, amavissetis, amavissent<br />Rom. Amessem, amessets, amessen ou amesson.</span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les verbes en AR et en ER ou RE firent à l' imparfait du subjonctif ES, ESSES, etc., et les verbes en IR firent is, ISSES, etc.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">2.e Pers. “Tolre volguesses.” (1: "Oter tu VOULUSSES." Actes de 960, MS. de Colbert. - N. E. Oter = oster)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">3.e Pers. Hanc no fo om ta grant vertut agues<br />Que sapiencia compenre pogues...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">3.e Pers. Pl. Creessen Deu qui sostenc passio.<br />(2: Oncques ne fut homme, tant grande vertu il EUT<br />Qui la sagesse comprendre PUT...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ils CRUSSENT Dieu qui soutint passion.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">3.e Pers. Hanc no vist omne, ta gran onor AGUES...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sos corps ni s' amna miga per ren GUARIS.<br />(3: Oncques ne vites homme, tant grande dignité il EUT...<br />Que son corps ni son âme mie pour rien GUÉRIT.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Modes et temps du passif.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pour former les passifs, la langue romane combina les divers temps et les divers modes des verbes ESSER et ESTAR avec le participe passé de l' autre verbe.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ce participe, employé comme adjectif verbal, resta soumis aux règles imposées aux autres adjectifs.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qual sun li auzil qui SUN al T MONTAT?...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' una donzella FO lainz VISITAZ. (4: Quels sont les oiseaux qui SONT jusqu'au T MONTÉS?...<br />D' une demoiselle il FUT là dedans VISITÉ. Poëme sur Boece.)<br />(N. E. <a href="https://www.jesuslainz.es/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">lainz</a> : chap. allá dins)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On aura remarqué avec un juste étonnnement que les diverses modifications imposées aux temps et aux modes des verbes latins, furent déterminées par des principes non moins réguliers, non moins constants, quoique plus compliqués en apparence, que les modifications caractéristiques des noms substantifs et adjectifs.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mais peut-on ne pas admirer cette ressource aussi simple qu' ingénieuse, que la langue romane a trouvée et perfectionnée tout-à-coup, cet emploi habile et heureux des deux verbes auxiliaires AVOIR et ÊTRE?</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Avec le premier, elle conjugua la plupart des temps de l' actif.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Avec le second, elle conjugua tous ceux du passif.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br />Verbes auxiliaires AVER, et ESSER ou ESTAR.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">AVER, du latin habere.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ce verbe AVER offre dans la langue romane quelques modifications inusitées.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Je crois nécessaire d' expliquer les plus remarquables. Tandis qu' habemus, habetis ont produit Avem, Avets, on peut s' étonner que habeo, habes, habet, aient été remplacés par AI, AS, A, et habui par AIG, etc., et que la consonne G ait dominé dans plusieurs temps, et notamment dans le participe passé AGUT.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pour expliquer ces anomalies, j' observerai que les Goths avaient deux manières d' exprimer AVOIR; c' étaient les verbes HABAN et AIGAN. (1)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(N. E. En alemán actual, haben: ich habe, du hast, hat, haben, habt, haben; sein: ich bin, bist, ist, sind, seid, sind.)<br />(1) Dans la langue gothique, le substantif Aigins signifie l' Avoir, la propriété:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Saei ni afquithith allamma Aigina seinamma.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui non renunciat omni PROPRIO SUO</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ulfilas. Luc, cap. 14, v. 33.<br />Le verbe AIGAN faisait au participe présent AIGANDS.<br />(2: Thanuh naunthanuh ainana sunu Aigands liubana sis.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tunc adhuc unum filium Habens carum sibi.)<br />Ulfilas. Marc. cap. 12, v. 6.<br />La première personne du présent de l' indicatif était au singulier AIH<br />(3: Jah anthara lamba AIH. Et alias oves Habeo. Ulfilas. Joh. Cap. 10, v. 16.), et au pluriel AIGUM (4: Attan Aigum Abraham. Patrem Habemus Abraham. Ulfilas. Luc, cap. 3, v. 8.). (N. E. Attan se parece mucho al vasco aita, y a abun, aikano – padrenuestro en arameo - abbas, etc.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Il est vraisemblable que ces formes du verbe gothique AIGAN ont introduit dans la langue romane, et le présent de l' indicatif AI, AS, A, et les autres temps où le G domine, tels que le parfait de l' indicatif AIG, etc., l' imparfait du subjonctif AGUES, etc., et le participe passé AGUT.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Exemples de l' emploi ancien du verbe AVER, soit comme verbe actif, soit comme auxiliaire.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Infinitif. Del fiel Deu no volg AVER amig. (5: “Du vrai Dieu il ne voulut AVOIR l' ami." Poëme sur Boece.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Le participe AVENT d' habentem se trouve dans un passage latin d' un titre de 816: “AVENT in longo pertigas quatordice." Muratori, Dissert. 32.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br />Indicatif.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non AI que prenga ne no posg re donar...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab la donzella pois AN molt gran amor...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quant e la carcer AVIA 'l cor dolent...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De tota Roma l' emperi AIG a mandar...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Coms fo de Roma e AC ta gran valor...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">O es eferms o A afan AGUT. (1:<br />Je n' AI que je prenne ni ne puis rien donner...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Avec la demoiselle puis ONT très grande amour...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quant en la prison il AVAIT le cœur triste...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De toute Rome l' empire j' EUS à commander...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Comte fut de Rome, et il EUT tant grande valeur...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Ou il est infirme, ou il a chagrin EU. Poëme sur Boece.)</span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>Non AUREI (2)... Non AURA (3)... Non AURAN (4).</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(2: "Je n' AURAI." Actes de 960, MS. de Colbert.)<br />(3: "Il n' AURA." An 985. Hist. de Languedoc, preuves, t. 2.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(4: “Ils n' AURONT." Actes de 960, MS. de Colbert.)<br /><br />Conditionnel.<br />Per lui AVRIEN trastut redemcio...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Subjonctif. Hanc no fo om ta gran vertut Agues.<br />(5: Par lui ils AURAIENT trèstous redemption.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Oncques ne fut homme tant grande vertu il EUT.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Poëme sur Boece.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">ESSER ou ESTAR, d' ESSE et de STARE.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ce verbe ÊTRE si utile, qui, dans toutes les langues, sert de lien pour attacher aux noms leurs qualités ou leurs modifications, qui, lors même qu' il n' est pas exprimé, n' en est pas moins sous-entendu entre tout substantif et tout adjectif qui se rapportent l' un à l' autre; enfin, ce verbe qui a été nommé le verbe SUBSTANTIF, le verbe PAR EXCELLENCE, parce qu' il pourrait suppléer à l' absence de tous les autres, est lui-même très irrégulier, ou, pour mieux dire, il n' existe que dans certains temps.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sans chercher des exemples dans les langues antérieures à la langue latine, et notamment dans la langue grecque, où le verbe *gr est irrégulier, examinons la langue latine.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' abord, il est remarquable que ESSE n' ait point de participe passé.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si l' on peut regarder SUM, première personne, et ES, seconde personne, comme appartenant originairement au même verbe, et ayant produit ERAM, imparfait, et ERO, futur, il est incontestable que FUI et tous les temps qui se composent de l' adjonction d' ERAM et d' ERO, ont FU pour racine, et qu' ils appartiennent à un verbe de toute autre origine, au verbe latin FUO, emprunté du grec *gr, et servant à désigner l' existence, la naissance, la croissance.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quand la langue romane a conservé de la latine l' auxiliaire ESSE, elle y a ajouté l' R qui marque le présent de tous les infinitifs romans soit comme final, soit comme pénultième; caractère qui existait dans les verbes de la langue latine, hors le verbe ESSE et ses composés, et un petit nombre d' autres verbes irréguliers, et qui est général et invariable dans la langue romane, et dans celles qui en ont été la continuation.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Le verbe latin ESSE ne fournissant point de participe passé à la langue romane, celle-ci eut recours à un autre verbe.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De STARE, infinitif latin, elle forma ESTAR, d' où elle tira le participe passé ESTAT.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La langue romane employa concurremment les deux verbes auxiliaires ESSER et ESTAR.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les divers modes et les divers temps d' ESTAR furent réguliers.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ceux d' ESSER furent pareillement formés d' après l' analogie, à quelques exceptions près. La plus remarquable fut qu' en formant le futur par l' adjonction du présent de l' indicatif au présent de l' infinitif, ce présent ESSER perdit les initiales ES, ce qui produisit SER AI, SER AS, SER A.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Exemples du VERBE ESSER ou ESTAR.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Infinitif. Tu m fezist e gran riqueza STAR...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Indicatif. O ES eferms o a afan agut...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E cum ES velz, donc ESTAI bonament...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nos jove omne quandius que nos ESTAM...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Eps li Satan SON en so mandament...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Eps li omne qui SUN ultra la mar...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En cui merce tuit peccador ESTANT...<br />(1: Tu me fis en grande puissance ÊTRE...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ou il EST infirme ou il a chagrin eu...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et comme il EST vieux, alors il EST bonnement...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nous jeunes hommes si long-temps que nous SOMMES...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mêmes les Satans SONT en son commandement...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mêmes les hommes qui SONT outre la mer...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En de qui merci tous pécheurs SONT... Poëme sur Boece.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Indicatif.<br />El ERA 'l meler de tota la onor...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De sapiencia no FO trop nuallos...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Enfans, en dies FOREN ome fello...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lai FO Boecis e FOREN i soi par. (1:<br />Il ÉTAIT le meilleur de toute la dignité...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De sagesse ne FUT trop négligent...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Enfans, en temps FURENT hommes fellons...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Là FUT Boece, et FURENT y ses pairs. Poëme sur Boece.)</span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>Vos en SEREI... Recredent non SERA... Vos en SEREM... Lor en SERAN." (2: "Je vous en SERAI... Abandonnant ne SERA... Vous en SERONS... Leur en SERONT..." An 960. Ms. de Colbert.)</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Subjonctif.<br />"En SIA, en SIAN...” (3: "En SOIT, en SOIENT..." An 985. Hist. du Languedoc, Pr. t. 2.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ja no es obs fox i SSIA alumnaz...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que el zo pensa vel SIEN amosit. (4)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que en FOSSEZ." (5)<br />(4) Jamais n' est besoin que le feu y SOIT alumé...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que il cela pense que les voiles SOIENT peints.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Poëme sur Boece.<br />(5) "Que vous en FUSSIEZ." Actes de 960, MS. de Colbert.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' emploi continu et obligé de ces deux verbes auxiliaires rendit très faciles les conjugaisons de la langue romane. Ils suffisaient à la formation de presque tous les temps; et, dans ceux mêmes qui semblent conjugués sans leur secours, on peut aisément les discerner encore.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">J' ai précédemment observé que le futur de l' indicatif et le présent du conditionnel avaient été formés par l' adjonction du présent de l' indicatif du verbe AVER, ou de la finale de son imparfait, au présent de l' infinitif des verbes.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cette manière très remarquable de composer ces temps offre une circonstance qui l' est également, et qui constate toujours plus évidemment l' identité de la langue romane et des autres langues de l' Europe latine.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dans toutes ces langues, le futur de l' indicatif est formé comme dans la langue romane, ainsi que le démontre le tableau suivant:<br />(N. E. pongo tildes en el castellano o español)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Français Espagnol Portugais Italien<br />Aimerai amaré amarei amero (1)<br />(1: L' ancien italien disait amaro et sero.)<br />Aimeras amarás amaras amarai<br />Amara amará amara amara<br />Avons hemos havemos habbiemo<br />Avez habéis haveis havete<br />Ont han ano anno</span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>En appliquant le même procédé au verbe ESSER, dont la langue romane et les autres n' ont pris que SER, elles offrent pareillement:<br />Romane Français Espagnol Portugais Italien<br />Serai serai seré serei saro<br />Seras seras serás seras serai<br />Sera sera será sera sera<br />Serem serons seremos seremos seremo<br />Serets serez seréis sereis serete<br />Seran seront serán serano seranno</span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Enfin le verbe HAVER lui-même, dans les cinq langues, compose son futur par ce rapprochement de son infinitif avec le présent de son indicatif:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Romane. Aurai, auras, aura, aurem, aurets, auran.<br />Français. Aurai, auras, aura, aurons, aurez, auront.<br />Espagnol. Habré, habrás, habrá, habremos, habréis, habrán.<br />Portugais. <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sr7p6bdop1c" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Haverei</a>, haveras, havera, haveremos, havereis, haverano.<br />Italien. <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/04/la-crusca-provenzale-di-antonio-bastero.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Avro</a>, <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/04/la-crusca-provenzale-di-antonio-bastero.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">avrai</a>, <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/04/la-crusca-provenzale-di-antonio-bastero.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">avra</a>, <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/04/la-crusca-provenzale-di-antonio-bastero.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">avremo</a>, <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/04/la-crusca-provenzale-di-antonio-bastero.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">avrete</a>, <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/04/la-crusca-provenzale-di-antonio-bastero.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">avranno</a>.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On demandera peut-être si l' exemple de quelque langue plus ancienne ne fournit pas à la langue romane le moyen facile d' abréger et de simplifier les règles des conjugaisons, par cet emploi des verbes auxiliaires ÊTRE et AVOIR.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Je répondrai que les langues du nord de l' Europe, dont il nous est parvenu des monuments plus anciens que ceux que nous possédons de l' idiôme roman, faisaient usage d' auxiliaires, soit pour l' actif, soit pour le passif de leurs verbes ordinaires.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mais plusieurs considérations permettent de douter que l' exemple de ces langues ait influé directement sur l' emploi des auxiliaires AVER et ESSER dans l' idiôme roman.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">1.° ÊTRE et AVOIR n' étaient pas les seuls auxiliaires dont ces langues se servissent; elles avaient aussi Devenir, Pouvoir, Vouloir, Devoir, etc., et quelquefois elles combinaient ensemble deux et même trois de ces auxiliaires; complication de moyens très éloignée de la simplicité de ceux qu' employa la nouvelle langue.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">2.° La manière ingénieuse dont elle combina l' emploi de son verbe AVER, pour agir sur les autres verbes et sur lui-même, offre, dans cet auxiliaire, un caractère particulier, qui distingue essentiellement l' usage qu' elle en fit, de l' usage qu' en faisaient les anciennes langues du nord.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">3.° Enfin nous savons que la langue latine indiquait à la nouvelle langue l' emploi du verbe HABERE comme auxiliaire.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Il est vraisemblable que les exemples de la langue latine suffirent à la nouvelle langue:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Exemples du verbe Habere, employé comme auxiliaire dans la langue latine.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Domitas habere libidines." Cic. de Orat. I, cap. 43.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>Cum destinatum haberet mutare testamentum."</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L. tres tutores. D. de Adm. et per. tut.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>De Cæsare satis hoc tempore dictum habebo." Cic. 5 Philip. 28.<br />“Si habes jam statutum quid tibi agendum putes.” Cic. Fam. 4, ep. 2.<br />Quo pacto me habueris praepositum amori tuo. Ter. Hec. Act. 4, sc. 2, v. 7.<br />“Aut nondum eum satis habes cognitum.” Cic. Fam 13, ep. 17.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">...Quæ nos nostramque adolescentiam habent despicatam.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ter. Eun. act. 2, sc. 3, v. 91.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>Nimium sæpe expertum habemus." Planc. ad Cic. fam. 10, ep. 24.<br />Etc. etc.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' époque de la basse latinité fournit aussi des exemples. (1: Peut-être la plupart de ces locutions étaient-elles en usage, dans la langue latine corrompue, par l' effet de la réaction de la langue romane vulgaire sur la langue latine elle-même.<br />"Te per voluntate parentum tuorum habui desponsatam... Si te desponsatam habuissem." Formul. Marculf. lib. 2, n.° 16.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>Omnes res quas ipsi monachi habebant cum ipsis chartis deportatas." Dipl. Clotaire III.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>Multi se complangunt legem non habere conservatam." An 793. Capit. Pipini.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Ipso theloneo... Et quomodo suprà memorati reges et imperatores in luminaribus ecclesiæ sancti Victoris vel ei servientibus collatum habebant.” Gallia Christiana, Eccl. Massil. t. IV, p. 107.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quant à l' auxiliaire ESSER, il est évident que la nouvelle langue fut redevable de cette forme grammaticale à la langue latine, qui l' employait dans plusieurs des temps de son passif.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si les anciennes langues du nord ont aussi fait usage du verbe ÊTRE pour conjuguer leur passif, je remarque qu' elles ont eu une autre manière d' indiquer des modes et des temps de ce passif, sans le secours d' aucun auxiliaire.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tout permet donc de croire qu' en adoptant les deux verbes AVER et ESSER, pour les employer, comme auxiliaires, à simplifier ses conjugaisons, l' idiôme roman ne fit que s' approprier et rendre plus générales deux formes particulières de la langue latine, qui lui en avait déja fourni tant d' autres.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Du verbe Anar employé auxiliairement.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La langue romane fit usage de ce verbe comme auxiliaire, et elle plaça ou devant le participe indécliné en AN ou en EN, formé par la suppression de la terminaison DO caractéristique de l' un des gérondifs latins, ou devant l' infinitif.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum el es velz, vai s' onors Descaptan...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Trastota dia vai la mort Reclaman...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui tota ora sempre vai Chaden...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La mi' amor tta mal van Deperden. (1:<br />Comme il est vieux, va son honneur EN DIMINUANT...<br />Trèstout le jour il va la mort EN RÉCLAMANT...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui toute heure toujours va EN TOMBANT...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La mienne amour si mal ils vont EN PERDANT.<br />Poëme sur Boece.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Du QUE entre les verbes.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La langue grecque, par son *gr, avait donné l' exemple d' employer un relatif indéclinable, pour transporter l' action d' un verbe à un autre verbe.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La langue latine employa quelquefois, de la même manière, ses QUOD et QUIA.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les Goths avaient Thatei (2), et les Francs Dhazs et That (3).</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(2) Quethun Thatei sa ist bi sunjai praufetus.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dixerunt Quod hic est in veritate propheta.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ulfilas Joh. cap. 6, v. 14.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(3) Dhanne ist nu chichundit Dhazs fona dhemu almahtigin fater dhurah</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tunc est nunc probatum Quod ab illo omnipotente patre<br />ab inam ist al uuordan.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">illo est omne factum.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Frag. de trad. en francique d' Isidore de Séville. Litt. des Francs, p. 109.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Than uuitum liudio harn THAT than is san aftar thiu sumer.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tunc sciunt hominum filii Quod tunc est statim post illa æstas.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Paraph. Franciq. des Évangil. c. 41. Litt. des Francs, p. 181.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br />Le QUE indéclinable de la langue romane servit au même usage:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No cuid QU' e Roma om de so saber fos...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que zo esperen QUE faza a lor talen. (1)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et elle le plaçait après les adjectifs employés neutralement avec le verbe ESSER:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Drez es e bes QUE l' om e Deu s' esper,<br />Mas non es bes QUE s fi' e son aver. (2)<br />Quelquefois même ce QUE fut sous-entendu:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No cuid... aprob altre dols li demor. (3)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et même avec les noms joints au verbe ESSER:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Ja no es obs... fox i ssia alumnaz. (4)<br /></span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(1) Je ne pense QUE en Rome homme de son savoir fut...<br />Qui cela espèrent QUE je fasse à leur volonté.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(2) Droit est et bien que l' homme en Dieu se espère,<br />Mais n' est bien QUE il se fie en son avoir.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(3) Je ne pense qu' auprès autre douleur lui demeure.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(4) Jamais n' est besoin que feu y soit alumé.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Poëme sur Boece.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Prépositions, Adverbes, Conjonctions.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La langue romane leur appliqua des modifications semblables à celles qui avaient été appliquées aux autres parties du discours.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Elle plaça quelquefois AD, A, DE, au-devant des prépositions et des adverbes qu' elle empruntait de la langue latine.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Le même mot devint tour-à-tour préposition, adverbe, ou conjonction, selon qu' il était employé avec un régime, ou d' une manière absolue, ou qu' il était suivi d' un QUE.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Prépositions trouvées dans les fragments antérieurs a l' an 1000.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A venant d' AD, et ayant la même signification:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>T' o atendrai tot A te... Que A dreit aure ov A merce." (1)</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">AB signifiant AVEC:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"AB Ludher nul plaid nunquam prindrai." (2)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"AB ti et senes ti." (3)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ella AB Boeci parlet ta dolzament. (4)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Prope produisit PROB, près, APROB, APRÈS:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">APROB Mallio lo rei emperador. (5)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>Sed ponent illum APRES de Alcaide.” An 734. Ord. d' Alboacem.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">DE signifiant DE, DÈS:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"D' ist di in avant... DE suo part." (6)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>Adjutor t' en sere e DE l' adjutor no t' engenare." (7)</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Zo sun tuit omne qui DE joven sun bo. (8)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(1) "Je te le maintiendrai tout à toi... Que à droit j' aurai ou a merci." Actes de 960, Ms. de Colbert.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(2) "AVEC Lothaire aucun traité ne oncques prendrai." Serment de 842. (3) "AVEC toi et sans toi." Actes de 960, Ms. de Colbert.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(4) Elle AVEC Boece parla tant doucement.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(5) AUPRÈS de Mallius le roi empereur. Poëme sur Boece.<br />(6) “DE ce jour en avant... DE sa part.” Serment de 842.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(7) “Aide je t' en serai et DE l' aide je ne te tromperai." Actes de 960, MS. de Colbert.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(8) Ce sont tous hommes qui Dès jeunesse sont bons.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Poëme sur Boece.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">DAVAN, DEVANT vinrent de DE AB ANTE:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">DAVAN SO vis nulz om no s pot celar...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No s pot rascundre nuls om DEVANT SO vis. (1)<br /><br />IN fournit d' abord sans changement IN, et ensuite EN, et, par la suppression de l' n final, E:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>Et IN adjudha et IN cadhuna cosa." (2)</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ki l mort et vius tot a IN jutjament...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fe vos Boeci cadegut EN afan...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E te m soli' eu a toz dias fiar. (3)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">ENTRE dérivé d' INTER:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ta bo essemple en laiset ENTRE nos. (4)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">PER signifia PAR et POUR:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">PAR: PER lui aurien trastut redemcio...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Anz PER eveia lo mesdren e preiso.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">POUR: PER zo no 'l volg Boecis a senor. (5)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sines, senes, Sens, Ses, vinrent de SINE:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>Ab ti et SENES ti... E vos atendrei tot SENES engan." (6)<br />SES Deu licencia ja no faran torment. (7)</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(1) DEVANT son regard nul homme ne se peut celer...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ne se peut cacher nul homme DEVANT son regard.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Poëme sur Boece.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(2) “Et EN aide et EN chacune chose." Serment de 842.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(3) Qui les morts et les vivants tout a EN jugement...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Voici Boece tombé EN chagrin...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">EN toi me avais-je coutume à tous jours fier.<br />(4) Tant bon exemple en laissa Entre nous.<br />(5) PAR lui auraient trèstous redemption...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mais PAR envie le mirent en prison...<br />Pour cela ne le voulut Boece à seigneur.<br />Poëme sur Boece.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(6) "Avec toi et SANS toi... Et vous maintiendrai tout SANS fraude."<br />Actes de 960, Ms. de Colbert.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(7) "SANS de Dieu la licence jamais ne fairont tourment." Poëme sur Boece.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">SOBRE de SUPER:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">SOBRE la schapla escrit avia un tei grezesc. (1)<br />ULTRA conserva sa latinité sans modification:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ne eps li omne qui sun ULTRA la mar...<br />Qu' el trametia los breus ULTRA la mar. (2)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Versus, Vers, en VERS, VAS:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pur l' una fremna qui VERT la terra pent...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et EVERS Deu era tot sos afix...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et EVERS Deu no torna so talant. (3)<br />Dans un titre de 960, on lit:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>DE VAS meridie, DE VAS oriente”. (4)</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Adverbes.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les adverbes furent soumis à deux formes principales: Par la première, on supprimait les finales des adverbes latins, et quelquefois des lettres et sur-tout des voyelles intérieures:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">APROB de PROPE, en y joignant la préposition a:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No cuid APROB altre dols li demor. (5)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">ALTRESI d' ALTER et de SIC, autre même, pareillement:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>In o quid il mi ALTRESI fazet.” (6)<br /></span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(1) Sur le manteau écrit avait un T grec.<br />(2) Ni même les hommes qui sont OUTRE la mer...<br />Qu' il transmettait les lettres OUTRE de la mer.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(3) Pourtant une frange qui VERS la terre pend...<br />Et ENVERS Dieu était tout son attachement...<br />Et ENVERS Dieu ne tourne sa volonté.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Poëme sur Boece.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(4) "DEVERS midi, DEVERS orient." Gall. Christ. t. I.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(5) "Je ne pense qu' AUPRÈS une autre douleur lui demeure." Poëme sur Boece.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(6) "En cela que il me PAREILLEMENT faira." Serment de 842.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">AVAL, de Vallis (VALlis), vallée, bas:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Alquant s' en tornen AVAL arrenso. (1)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">AVANT d' AB ANTE:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>D' ist di en AVANT." (2)</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Une charte de 632 porte:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>Quidquid ibidem ABANTEA possidemus.” Dipl. Chart. t. I, p. 141.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br />BEN de BENE:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui e la scala ta BEN an lor degras. (3)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">DEREER (: derrer) vint de RETRO en ajoutant la préposition DE:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui lui laudaven dereer euz dias antix. (4)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">DUNC, DONC, de TUNC, par le changement du T en D:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E DUNC apel la mort ta dolzament...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E cum es velz, DONC estai bonament. (5)<br />FORS de Foris:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>Fors quant tu m' en absolveras.” (6)<br />FORT de Fortè:<br />Molt FORT blasmava Boecis sos amigs. (7)</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">I d' IBI fut adverbe de lieu, et devint adverbe pronominal, en y joignant LA et SA d' illa ibi, d' ipsa ibi:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>LAI fo Boecis e foren I soi par. (8) (I : hi : hy)<br /></span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(1) Quelques-uns s' en retournent A BAS en arrière. Poëme sur Boece.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(2) “De ce jour en AVANT." Serment de 842.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(3) Qui en l' échelle tant BIEN ont leurs degrés.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(4) Qui lui louaient DERRIÈRE aux jours antiques.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(5) Et ALORS il appelle la mort si doucement...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et lorsqu' il est vieux, ALORS est bonnement.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Poëme sur Boece.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(6) “HORS quant tu m' en dispenseras.” Actes de 960, MS. de Colbert.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>(7) Beaucoup Fortement blâmait Boece ses amis.<br />(8) La fut Boece et furent Y ses pairs. Poëme sur Boece.<br /></span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LAI O solien las altras leis jutjar,</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LAI veng lo reis sa felnia menar. (1)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quelquefois il perdit l' I final:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aquel qui LA non estai fermament. (2)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Le pronom démonstratif AQUO, changeant son O en I, devint aussi adverbe pronominal, et signifia Ici, Là:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per AQUI monten cent miri auzello. (3)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">INZ d' INTUS, LA INZ d' illa intus:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo mas o intra INZ es gran claritat...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' una donzella fo LA INZ visitaz. (4)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">JA de Jam (: iam), avec la négation, signifia non bientôt, jamais:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cel no quatra JA per negun torment. (5)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">MAL de MALE:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La mi' amor tta MAL van deperden. (6)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">MENZ de MINUS:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quant MENZ s' en guarda, no sap mot quant lo sprent. (7)<br />MOLT de Multùm:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">MOLT val lo bes que l' om fai e jovent. (8)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(1) Là où ils avaient coutume les autres causes juger.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Là vint le roi sa félonie mener.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(2) Celui qui là n' est fermement.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(3) Par ici montent cent mille oisillons.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(4) La demeure où elle entre, AU DEDANS est grande clarté...<br />D' une demoiselle il fut LA DEDANS visité.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(5) Celui-là ne tombera BIENTÔT par aucun tourment.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(6) La mienne amour tant MAL vont en perdant.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(7) Quand MOINS s' en garde, il ne sait mot quand il le surprend.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(8) Beaucoup vaut le bien que l' homme fait en jeunesse.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Poëme sur Boece.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A ORA, à l' heure, à présent:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mal ome foren, A ORA sunt pejor. (1)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">PLUS de PLUS:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ella se fez, anz avia PLUS de mil. (2)<br />POS, POIS, de POST signifia PUIS, APRÈS:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab la donzella POIS an molt gran amor. (3)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">SATZ de SATIS, et, avec la préposition A, ASATZ:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qual ora s vol, petita s fai ASAT. (4)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2021/02/16-de-septiembre-fin-del-tomo-17.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">SEMPRE</a>, par la transposition d' une lettre, vint de <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2023/04/xxxii-ordinationes-pro-choro-ecclesiae.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">SEMPER</a>:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tota ora SEMPRE vai chaden. (5)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">SI de SIC, Ainsi, devint un adverbe d' affirmation, et signifia Assurément, Certainement:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>SI o tenra... SI o tenrai e o atendrai." (6)</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fez sos mes segre, SI 'ls fez metre en preso. (7)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">IL signifia aussi pareillement, de même:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si cum la nibles cobre 'l jorn lo be ma,</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si cobre avers lo cor al <a href="https://llengua-valenciana.blogspot.com/search?q=Christi" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">xristia</a>. (8)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(1) Mauvais hommes furent, A présent ils sont pires.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(2) Elle se fit, mais avait PLUS de mille.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(3) Avec la demoiselle PUIS ils ont très grande amour.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(4) A quelle heure elle veut, petite se fait assez.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(5) Qui à toute heure Toujours va en tombant. Poëme sur Boece.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(6) "Assurément cela il tiendra... Oui, cela je tiendrai, et cela j' exécuterai." Actes de 960, MS. de Colbert.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(7) Il fit ses messagers suivre, Assurément il les fit mettre en prison.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(8) Ainsi comme le brouillard couvre le jour au bon matin,</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">DE MÊME couvre richesse le cœur au <a href="https://llengua-valenciana.blogspot.com/search?q=Christi" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">chrétien</a>. Poëme sur Boece.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' adjonction de la préposition A produisit ASI, AISI,</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">AESI:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No s' es AESI cum anaven dicent. (1)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">SOZ, DESOZ, vinrent de subtus:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">DESOZ avia escript un pei grezesc. (2)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">TAN, TANT de tantùm, signifia Tant, Si, Tellement:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">TA bo essemple en laiset entre nos...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Eu lo chastia TA be ab so sermo. (3)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Il prend quelquefois le QUE après lui:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">TANT en retenc QUE de tot no fo blos. (4)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">NE TAN NE QUAM, locution adverbiale, Nullement, Rien:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quant se reguarda, non a NE TAN NE QUANT. (5)<br />TROP, dérivé peut-être de troppus, mot de la basse latinité, signifiant troupeau, grande quantité, troupe:<br />De sapiencia no fo TROP nuallos. (6)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">U, o, d' ubi, adverbe de lieu, OU:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lai o solien las altras leis jutjar. (7)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Unqua, Nunqua, Anc, furent dérivés de Unquam, Nunquam:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dis que la bresa, mica NONQUA la te... (8)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(1) Non il est AINSI Comme ils allaient disant.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(2) DESSOUS avait écrit un P grec.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(3) TANT bon exemple il en laissa entre nous...<br />Il l' enseigne TANT bien avec son discours.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(4) TANT il en retint que de tout il ne fut dépouillé.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(5) Quand il se regarde, il n' a RIEN.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(6) De sagesse il ne fut pas BEAUCOUP négligent.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(7) Là ou ils avaient coutume les autres causes juger.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(8) Il dit qu' il la prise, mie JAMAIS la tient. Poëme sur Boece.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pero Boeci ANC no venc e pesat...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">HANC no fo om, ta gran vertut agues.<br />(1: Pourtant à Boece ONC ne vint en pensée...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">ONC ne fut homme, tant grande vertu il eût. Poëme sur Boece.)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La seconde manière de former les adverbes fut très ingénieuse.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les Latins employaient, en locution adverbiale, l' ablatif absolu MENTE, qu' ils joignaient à l' adjectif.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cette locution se trouve dans la plupart des bons auteurs.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Bona mente factum, ideoque palam: Mala, ideoque ex insidiis."</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quintilianus, Inst. orat. lib. V, cap. 10.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">...Ut longi tœdia belli</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mente ferant placida.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ovidio Met. 13, v. 214.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tum vero moestam tota miletida mente<br />Defecisse ferunt. Ovidio Met. 9, v. 634.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quale id sit, quod amas, celeri circumspice mente.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ovidio, Remed. amor. 89.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ultro quin etiam devota mente tuentur.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Claud. de Laud. Stil. lib. I, v. 232.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Etc. etc.<br /></span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cette forme grammaticale s' était conservée dans la basse latinité.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>Monasterium puellarum devota mente decrevi fundare... Carmina devota mente canuntur." An 670. Dipl. Chart. Etc. t. I.<br />“Concupiscit iniqua mente.” Greg. Tur. De Mir. S. Jul. c. 20.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La langue romane adoptant cette locution adverbiale, forma la plupart de ses adverbes, en ajoutant à l' adjectif la finale MENT.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Exemples des adverbes romans en MENT.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Ne lo l' en decebra ne MALAMENT." (1)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Le poëme sur Boece offre les adverbes suivants:<br />Bonament, dolzament, epsament, fermament, forment (: fortment), malament, perfeitament (: perfectament).</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C'est un phénomène grammatical très remarquable que la manière dont la langue romane opéra, lorsqu' elle eut plusieurs adverbes en MENT à la suite les uns des autres.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cette finale MENT, au lieu de s' attacher à chaque adjectif, pour lui imprimer le caractère adverbial, ne se place qu' après le dernier, et quelquefois même qu' après le premier.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et cette forme originale existe non-seulement dans la langue romane, mais encore dans toutes celles qui en ont été la continuation; il est même remarquable que, dans une charte de l' an 651, on trouve:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Viva mente et sana et corpore et voluntate liberâ donamus domino."<br />Dipl. Chart. n.° 127, t. I.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br />Langue Romane.<br />“Parlem abdui planamen e suav (: suau)." (2)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Rambaud de Vaqueiras. Non puesc saber.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"E dix li que, de so que elh disia, mentia aulhment e falsa e delialh per la gola." (3)<br /><br />(1) "Ne le lui en trompera ni méchamment." Acte de 960, MS. de Colbert.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(2) “Parlons tous deux franchement et douce...”</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(3) "Et lui dit que, de ce qu' il disait, il mentait vilement et fausse... et déloyale... Par la gorge." Philomena, p. 118.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>Aymo fe o largаment et allegra (1)... Pregar humilment e devota (2)..."<br />(1) "Aymon fit cela généreusement et joyeuse..." Philomena, p. 66.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>(2) "Prier humblement et dévote..." Philomena, p. 132.<br /><br />Langue Française.<br /></span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cil chantent hautement e cler.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fabliau de la Court de Paradis.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Garins apelle lou paien en plorant;</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Il li ait dit souef e bellement.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roman de Guillaume au court nez.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que vos faciez cest jugement</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Bien et adroit et leaument.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fabliau du Bouchier d' Abeville.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span><br />Langue Espagnole.<br /></span><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al rumor que sonava<br />Del agua que passava,<br />Se quexava tan dulce y blandamente.<br />Garcilaso de la Vega, égloga 1.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>Dorotea que vio quan corta y sutilmente estava vestido.”</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D. Quixot. p. I, lib. 4, ch. 35.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br />Langue Portugaise.<br /><br />Alma gentil, que a firme eternidade</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Subiste clara e valerosаmente.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Camoens, Rhythmas, part. I, 229.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Pelejarão tão valente e denodadamente.”</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De Souza. Vida de D. Fr. B. dos Martyres, liv. 2, ch. 11 (ou 2).</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Langue Italienne.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Une lettre de l' académie de La Crusca, adressée à Gilles Ménage, atteste et cette forme grammaticale, et son application à la langue italienne:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Lo cavaliere fece la demanda sua ad Alessandro umile e dolcemente."</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Novelle Antiche, n° 3.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cette forme est remarquable lorsque des traducteurs s' en servent pour rendre plusieurs adjectifs de la langue originale. Ainsi La Casa, dans sa traduction des Offices de Cicéron, rend ce passage:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>Placidè tranquillèque fruerentur” Cic. De Off. Lib. 3.<br />par ces mots:<br />“Tranquilla e pacifica mente godere.”<br /><br />Conjonctions et négations.<br /><br />D' ET latin vinrent ET, E romans.</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cette suppression du T se trouve dans des monuments très anciens.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Alboacem, fils de Mahomet Alhamar, fils de Tarif, régnait à Coimbre en l' an 734: il publia en latin une ordonnance dans laquelle se trouvent plusieurs indices de la langue romane, et, entre autres, l' E pour l' ET.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>Quoniam nos constituit Allah Illalah super gentem Nazarat E fecit me dominatorem Colimb... Monasterium de Montanis qui dicitur Laurbano non PECHE nullo pesante, quoniam bona intentione monstrant mihi loca de suis venatis, E faciunt Sarracenis bona acolhenza."</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Historias de Idacio, p. 88 et 89.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Vos o tendrei E vos o atendrei tot senes engan... Tu m' en comonras E del comoniment no m' en vedarei... E si o tendrai E si o atendrai a ti." (1: "Vous le tiendrai ET vous le maintiendrai tout sans tromperie...<br />Tu m' en avertiras ET de l' avertissement je ne me défendrai... ET assurément je le tiendrai, ET assurément je le maintiendrai à toi." Actes de 960, MS. de Colbert.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E cum sun vell, esdevenen fello</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fan perjuris E grans traicios. (1)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' Aut latin, par la suppression du T final, vint AU, que la nouvelle langue écrivit O, OU:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui la l tolra o la l devedara, li tolran o la l devedaran... Qui las te tod ou las te tola." (2)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' om ve u ome quaitiu e dolent;</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">O es malaptes o altre pres lo ten,</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">O es eferms o a afan agut. (3)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non, Nec, fournirent NON, NUN, NO, NE, NI:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Si jo returnar NON l' int pois, NE jo NE neuls cui eo returnar int pois, in nulla ajudha contra Lodhuwig Nun li iver. (4)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"No' l vos tolrem NI vos en tolrem... No l' en tolra NE NO las li devedara, NE NO l' en decebra... Non aure NE NON tenre.” (5)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br />(1) ET lorsqu' ils sont vieux, ils deviennent fellons</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">ET font parjures ET grandes trahisons.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Poëme sur Boece.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(2) “Qui la lui ôtera ou la lui défendra; lui ôteront ou la lui défendront... Qui te les ôte ou te les veuille ôter." Actes de 960, MS. de Colbert.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(3) L' on voit un homme chétif et dolent;</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ou il est malade ou autre chose pris le tient,</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ou il est infirme ou il a chagrin eu. Poëme sur Boece.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(4) “Si je détourner NE l' en puis, NI moi NI aucun que je détourner en puisse, en nulle aide contre Louis NON lui irai." Serment de 842.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(5) "Non le vous ôterons NI vous en ôterons... Non l' en ôtera NI NE les lui prohibera, NI NE l' en trompera... NON aurai NI NE tiendrai." Actes de 960, MS. de Colbert.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tant i pessa qu' el al No fara ja...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">NON a aver NI amic NI parent. (1)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aux négations ordinaires, la langue romane joignit des négations explétives. Voici celles qui se trouvent dans les pièces de l' époque qui fournit mes exemples.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mica, Miga, Mia, du latin Mica, en français Mie:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' om l' a al ma, MIGA NO l' a al ser...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quant o fait, MICA NO s' en repent. (2)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Gens, Ges du latin Gens, dans le sens de Personne, de Quelqu'un.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">NI GENS de lui NO volg tenir s' onor...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' aur NO sun GES, mas nuallor no sun. (3)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Res, Ren, du latin Res, Rem, signifiant Quelque Chose:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quan se reguarda, pero RES NO l rema. (4)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On verra, dans la suite de cet ouvrage, les autres négations explétives dont la langue romane fit usage.<br />Mais, Mas, Mes, vinrent de Magis latin, en ôtant le G et l' I, ou seulement le G.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dres es e bes que l' om e deu s' esper,</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">MAS no es bes que s fi' e son aver... (5)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /><br />(1) Que tant y pense que lui autre chose NE faira jamais...<br />NON a avoir NI ami NI parent.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(2) L' on l' a au matin, MIE NE l' a au soir...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quand cela il fait, MIE NE s' en repent.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(3) NI NULLEMENT de lui ne voulut tenir sa dignité...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' or NE sont NULLEMENT, mais moins valants ne sont.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(4) Quant il se regarde pourtant RIEN NE lui reste.<br />(5) Droit est et bien que l' homme en Dieu espère,</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">MAIS non est bien qu' il se fie en son avoir. Poëme sur Boece.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">MAS quan es joves et a onor molt grant...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">MAS d' una causa u nom avia gensor. (1)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">ANZ, que le français rendit par AINZ, dans le sens de MAIS, vint d' ANTE, signifiant AU CONTRAIRE:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">ANZ per eveia lo mesdren e preiso. (2)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">QUANT, QUAN furent dérivés de QUANDO:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>E t' o atendrei tot, fors QUANT tu m' en absolveras." (3)</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">QUANT be se dreca, lo cel a pertusat...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">QUAN Ve a l' ora qu' el corps li vai franen. (4)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De CUM latin, CUM, COM fut employé quelquefois sans changement dans le sens de LORSQUE:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Molt val lo bes que l' om fai e jovent,</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">COM el es vels, qui pois lo soste...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E CUM es velz, donc estai bonament. (5)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">CUM, dans la langue romane, eut aussi l' acception de COMME, et il fut vraisemblablement dérivé de QUOMODO.<br />La inz contava del temporal CUM es,</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De sol e luna, cel e terra, mar, CUM es...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No s' es aesi CUM anaven dicent. (6)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(1) MAIS quand il est jeune et a honneur très grand...<br />MAIS, par une raison, un nom il avait plus agréable.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(2) AINZ par envie le mirent en prison. Poëme sur Boece.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(3) "Et je te le acquitterai tout, hors QUAND tu m' en dispenseras."<br />Actes de 960, Ms. de Colbert.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(4) QUAND elle bien se dresse, le ciel elle a percé.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">QUAND il vient à l' heure que le corps lui va en se brisant.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(5) Beaucoup vaut le bien que l' homme fait en jeunesse,<br />(QUAND il est vieux) qui puis le soutient.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et QUAND il est vieux, alors il est bonnement.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(6) Là dedans il contait du temporel comme il est,</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Du soleil et de la lune, du ciel et de la terre, mer, COMME est...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non il est ainsi COMME ils allaient disant. Poëme sur Boece.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br />De SIC QUOMODO ou de SICUT vint SICUM, pour DE MÊME QUE:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>SICUM om per dreit son fradre salvar dist.” (1)</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">SICUM la nibles cobr' el jorn lo be ma. (2)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">TANQUAN de TANTUM QUANTUM, ou de TANQUAM, signifia TANT QUE, etc.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui nos soste TANQUAN per terra annam. (3)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">SI, SE de SI latin:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span>SI jo returnar no l' int pois." (4)</span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que us non o preza SI s trada son parent. (5)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">PERO signifia POUR CELA, POURTANT:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">PERO Boecis trastuz los en desment. (6)</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">PUR TAN QUE fut aussi employé dans le sens de POURVU QUE:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per cui salves m' esper, PUR TAN qu' ell clamam. (7)<br />(1) "AINSI QUE on, par droit, son frère sauver doit." Serment de 842. (2) DE MÊME QUE le brouillard couvre le jour le bon matin...</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(3) Qui nous soutient TANT QUE par terre nous allons.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Poëme sur Boece.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(4) "Si je détourner ne l' en puis." Serment de 842.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(5) Que l' un ne cela prise S' il livre son parent.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(6) POURTANT Boece trèstous les en dément.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(7) Par qui sauvé m' espère POURVU que lui nous appelons.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Poëme sur Boece.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br />Quand je rassemble les principales formes qui déja constituaient la langue romane à l' époque reculée dont j' emprunte mes exemples, je ne dois pas omettre l' usage des élisions écrites; c'est l' un des caractères de la langue romane que de marquer, comme les Grecs, par la suppression des voyelles, les élisions qu' elles subissaient les unes avec les autres.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quand l' élision porte sur la voyelle qui termine le mot, elle s' appelle Apocope.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quand elle porte sur la voyelle qui le commence, elle s' appelle Aphérese.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On trouve l' apocope dans le serment de 842:<br />D' ist di est employé pour DE ist di<br />Retornar L' int est employé pour LO int.<br />Dans les actes de 960:<br />M' en commonras, ME en.<br />T' en sere... ni t' en tolrei, TI en … TE en.<br />Dans le poeme sur Boece:<br />D' aur non sun, DE aur.<br />Vai s' onors, SA onors.<br />Etc. Etc.<br /><br />L' aphérèse se trouve dans les titres de 960:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No 'L vos tolrem, no 'L te vedarei, pour no EL VOS, no EL te.<br />No' LS tolran, no ELS tolran.<br />Dans le poeme sur Boece:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' om no 'l laiset, no EL.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Bella 's la domna; bella ES.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quelquefois la voyelle finale disparaît, sans qu' il y ait élision, le mot suivant commençant par une consonne:<br />Actes de 960. Qui la L devedara, pour LI.<br />Poeme sur Boece Tu M fezist, pour ME<br />Que s fi' e son aver, pour SE, etc, etc.<br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Enfin, par syncope, la langue romane supprima souvent des consonnes finales ou intérieures, sur-tout les N.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Le poème sur Boece en offre beaucoup d' exemples:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E la carcer, pour EN.<br />Anc no vist u, pour UN.<br />Per NEGU torment pour NEGUN.<br />Ta mala fe, pour TAN.<br />EVERS Deu, EFERMS, pour ENVERS, ENFERMS.<br /><br />Je pourrais rassembler encore quelques formes, quelques locutions de la langue romane, éparses dans les monuments qui ont fourni mes observations et les exemples cités. (1) Mais je renvoie ces détails à la grammaire même de la langue.<br />(1) Telles que les signes de comparaison, les verbes employés d' une manière impersonnelle, les doubles négations, etc.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">J' ai indiqué ses principaux caractères, ses formes essentielles. Je suis loin de croire que le nouvel idiôme ait été produit, dégrossi, et régularisé tout-à-coup. En présentant cet ensemble grammatical, j' ai rapproché et réuni, sous un seul point de vue, les résultats progressifs du long usage des peuples.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">J' ose dire que l' esprit philosophique, consulté sur le choix des moyens qui devaient épargner à l' ignorance beaucoup d' études pénibles et fastidieuses, n' eût pas été aussi heureux que l' ignorance elle-même; il est vrai qu' elle avait deux grands maîtres: la Nécessité et le Temps.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La langue romane est peut-être la seule à la formation de laquelle il soit permis de remonter ainsi, pour découvrir et expliquer le secret de son industrieux mécanisme: J' ai mis à cette recherche autant de patience que de franchise; et, dans le cours de mes investigations grammaticales, j' ai eu souvent occasion de reconnaître la vérité de l' axiôme: Non, quia difficilia sunt, non audemus; sed, quia non audemus, difficilia sunt.</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En considérant à quelle époque d' ignorance et de barbarie s' est formé et perfectionné ce nouvel idiôme, d' après des principes indiqués seulement par l' analogie et l' euphonie, on se dira peut-être, comme je me le suis dit: l' homme porte en soi-même les principes d' une logique naturelle, d' un instinct régulateur, que nous admirons quelquefois dans les enfants. Oui, la providence nous a dotés de la faculté indestructible et des moyens ingénieux d' exprimer, de communiquer, d' éterniser par la parole, et par les signes permanents où elle se reproduit, cette pensée qui est l' un de nos plus beaux attributs, et qui nous distingue si éminemment et si avantageusement dans l' ordre de la création.<br /><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fin des recherches sur l' origine et la formation de la langue romane.<br /><br /></span></p>Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1217969734972724911.post-54296956487473714712023-09-21T01:28:00.016+02:002023-11-04T17:28:13.214+01:00Choix des poésies originales des troubadours. Raynouard. Introduction. (+ Index tomes 1-6)<p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">François-Juste-Marie Raynouard</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Choix des poésies originales des <b>troubadours</b>.<br /><br />Par M. Raynouard,<br />membre de l' Institut Royal de France (Acad. Française, et Acad. des inscriptions et belles-lettres), officier de la légion d' honneur.</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Contenant<br />Les Preuves historiques de l' ancienneté de la <b>Langue romane</b>; - Des Recherches sur l' origine et la formation de cette langue; les Éléments de sa grammaire, avant l' an 1000; - La Grammaire de la langue des <b>Troubadours</b>.<br /><br />A Paris,<br />De l' imprimerie de <a href="https://www.unostiposduros.com/grandes-maestros-de-la-tipografia-firmin-didot/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Firmin Didot</a>,<br />imprimeur du Roi, et de l' Institut, Rue Jacob, N° 24.<br />1816.<br /><br />Introduction contenant les <b>preuves historiques</b> de l' ancienneté de la <b>langue romane</b>.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les <b>poésies originales des Troubadours</b>, écrites en <b>langue romane</b>, seraient publiées presque sans utilité, si une grammaire détaillée n' expliquait en même temps les principes et le mécanisme de cet <b>idiôme</b>.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Rassembler les traditions historiques et les preuves matérielles qui attestent l' existence de la langue romane à des époques très reculées, remonter à son origine et à sa formation, offrir les éléments de sa </span></span><span style="font-family: verdana;">grammaire avant l' an 1000, et donner enfin les règles complettes de cette langue perfectionnée et fixée dans les ouvrages des Troubadours, tels sont les travaux préliminaires qui rempliront ce premier volume de la collection intitulée: Choix des poésies originales des Troubadours.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sans doute ce titre ne paraîtra point déplacé à la tête même du premier volume, puisque les différents passages cités dans les exemples de la grammaire offriront déja <b>plus de deux mille vers</b> de ces anciens poëtes.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' existence de la <b>langue romane</b> paraît dater du commencement de la monarchie française (1).</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dès ce temps reculé, les auteurs distinguent la <b>langue romane</b>, et la <b>langue francique</b> ou <b><a href="https://klexikon.zum.de/wiki/Deutsche_Sprache" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">théotisque</a></b>.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Jacques Meyer, dans ses annales de Flandres, parle en ces termes du choix qu'on fit de saint Mommolin pour évêque de Tournay.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"L' an 665, mourut saint Éloi, évêque de Tournai…</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mommolin fut choisi pour lui succéder, parce que c' était un homme d' une très sainte vie, qui savait la <b>langue romane</b> aussi-bien que la <b>théotisque</b><span>.”</span> (2)</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les monuments qui appartiennent à l' histoire de France, nous montrent à l' époque du règne de <a href="https://recherchesfrance.blogspot.com/2023/08/9-4-opinion-erronee.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Charlemagne</a> quelques vestiges de l' <b>idiôme roman</b>.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(1) On a souvent répété la citation suivante, faite par <b><a href="http://ducange.enc.sorbonne.fr/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ducange</a></b> dans la préface de son <b><a href="http://ducange.enc.sorbonne.fr/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Glossaire</a></b>, n° XIII.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Romani etiam qui in Galliis habitabant, ita ut nec reliquiæ ibi inveniuntur, exterminati sunt. Videtur mihi indè <a href="https://recherchesfrance.blogspot.com/2023/07/7-3-anciennete-progrez-nostre.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Francos</a>, qui in Galliis morantur, a <b>Romanis linguam</b> eorum, quâ <b>usque hodie utuntur</b>, accommodasse. Nam alii, qui circà <u><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhein" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Rhenum</a></u> ac in <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Sprache" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Germaniâ</a> remanserunt, <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hEXYJJAxIvU" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><b>Teutonicâ</b> <b>linguâ</b></a> utuntur.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quæ autem lingua eis antè naturalis fuerit ignoratur."</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><b>Luitprand</b>. lib. 4. cap. 21.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mais ce passage <b>ne se trouve point</b> dans les <a href="https://www.persee.fr/doc/bec_0373-6237_1948_num_107_1_460316_t1_0108_0000_000" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">œuvres de Luitprand</a>.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(2)."665. <a href="http://ctlf.ens-lyon.fr/volumes/5202_fra_Raynouard_01_1816.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Obiit D. <u>Eligius</u></a> Tornacensis episcopus… Suffectus est episcopus</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">in locum ejus <u>Momolenus</u>, propterea quod vir esset sanctissimæ vitæ, qui <b>romanam</b> non minus quam <b>Teutonicam</b> calleret <b>linguam</b>."</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span><a href="https://books.google.com/books/about/Commentarii_sive_Annales_rerum_Flandrica.html?id=WklFRAAACAAJ" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Meyer. Annal. Flandr.</a> p. 6.<br /></span></span><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En deux endroits des litanies Carolines, qu'on chantait alors dans les églises, le répons du peuple était en cet <b>idiôme</b>.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quand le clergé chantait: Sancta Maria, etc.,</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">le peuple répondait à chaque fois: Ora pro <b>nos</b>. (lat. <a href="https://elfarodeceuta.es/ora-pro-nobis-germinal-castillo/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ora pro nobis</a>)</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quand le clergé priait pour le pape, pour Charlemagne, ou pour quelque prince de sa famille, etc., le peuple répondait à chaque fois: <b>Tu lo juva</b> (1:<br />Sancta Maria, ora pro nos.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sancte Cherubin, ora pro nos.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sancte Seraphin, ora pro nos.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sancte Petre, ora pro nos.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Adriano summo pontifice, etc. vita:</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Redemptor mundi, tu lo juva.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sancte Petre, tu lo juva.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Karolo excellentissimo et a Deo coronato, etc. vita et victoria:</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Salvator mundi, tu lo juva.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sancte Joannis, tu lo juva.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pipino et Karolo nobilissimis filiis ejus, vita, etc. tu lo juva.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pipino rege <span>Langobardorum</span>, vita, etc. tu lo juva.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Chlodovio rege Aquitanorum, vita, etc. tu lo juva.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Omnibus judicibus et cuncto exercitui Francorum, vita et victoria:</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sancte Remegii, tu lo juva.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Marillon, Analecta vetera, p. 170.)<br /></span></span><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De ces six mots, que présentent les deux répons, <b>LO</b> appartient incontestablement à la <b>langue romane</b>, comme troisième personne du pronom personnel masculin au singulier; et <b>NOS</b> comme première personne indéclinable du même pronom au pluriel.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les deux verbes <b>ora</b> et <b>juva</b>, ainsi que le pronom personnel <b>tu</b>, sont restés dans cette langue sans modification.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Le mot <b>tu</b> est très remarquable: jamais la langue latine ne l' a employé dans des litanies; c' est donc une tournure particulière.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dans le <a href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/43626002" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">serment de 842</a>, cet ancien monument si souvent cité et réimprimé, on voit <b>pro</b> employé dans le même sens primitif de <b>pour</b>, comme une préposition alors en usage dans la <b>langue romane</b>.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Même avant le siècle de Charlemagne, on rencontre, dans les historiens étrangers, quelques indices qui peuvent s' appliquer à cet idiôme.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vers la fin du VIe siècle, Commentiolus, général de l' empereur Maurice, faisait la guerre contre Chagan, roi des Huns. L' armée de Commentiolus étant en marche pendant la nuit, tout-à-coup un mulet renversa sa charge. Le soldat à qui appartenait ce bagage était déja très éloigné; ses compagnons le rappellèrent à cris réitérés: <b>torna, torna, fratre, retorna</b>.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Entendant cet avis de retourner, les troupes de Commentiolus crurent être surprises par l' ennemi, et s' enfuirent en répétant tumultuairement les mêmes cris. Le bruit en parvint jusqu' à l' armée de Chagan, et elle en prit une telle épouvante, qu' aussitôt elle s' abandonna à la fuite la plus précipitée. Ainsi ces deux armées fuyaient en même temps, sans que l' une ni l' autre fut poursuivie. Les historiens qui ont transmis le souvenir de cet événement, et qui ont conservé en <b>lettres grecques</b> les paroles que prononçaient les soldats de Commentiolus, assurent que ces mots, <b>torna, torna, fratre, retorna</b>, étaient de la langue de leur pays (1: Τῇ πατρώᾳ φωνῇ· Τόρνα, τόρνα φράτρε.<br />Theophan. Chronographia, fol. 218.<br />Éπιχωρίῳ τε γλώττῃ… ἄλλος ἄλλῳ, ῥετόρνα.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Theophylact. Hist. lib. 2, c. 15. - Histor. miscel. lib. 17.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si ces légers vestiges de l' idiôme roman, trouvés dans des lieux et dans des temps si éloignés, nous offrent quelque intérêt, combien cet intérêt augmentera-t-il, quand nous pourrons croire que ces guerriers étaient <b>Francs</b>, ou <b>Goths</b> habitant les <u>provinces méridionales</u> de la France?<br />Je présenterai à ce sujet deux conjectures.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La première, c' est que Théophylacte, Hist. lib. 6, cap. 3, parle d' un traité conclu entre les Francs et l' empereur Maurice, pour faire la guerre contre Chagan: "Bessus et Bertus, dit-il, envoyés des <b>Celtibériens</b>, aujourd'hui appelés <b>Francs</b>, sont dans la ville. <b>Théodoric</b>, prince de cette nation, traitait avec l' empereur d' un tribut pour s' unir aux Romains, à l' effet de faire la guerre contre Chagan…” Quoique ce traité soit postérieur d' environ quinze ans, il est sans doute permis d' admettre qu' il existait, entre l' empereur et les Francs, des relations qui avaient précédemment amené des guerriers Francs dans l' armée de l' empereur d' Orient contre Chagan.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La seconde, c' est que ces guerriers pouvaient être des Goths, qui habitaient alors le nord de l' Espagne et le midi de la France.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Le même général Commentiolus, qui commandait l' armée de Maurice contre Chagan, avait fait la guerre aux <a href="https://www.cervantesvirtual.com/obra/histoire-des-revolutions-d-despagne--texto-impreso-depuis-la-destruction-de-lempire-des-goths-jusqua-lentiere--parfaite-reunion-des-royaumes-de-castille--darragon-en-une-seule-monarchie-0/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Goths d' Espagne</a>; il avait repris sur eux <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carthag%C3%A8ne_(Espagne)" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Carthagène</a>, et il y avait résidé quelque temps, ainsi que l' atteste l' inscription suivante trouvée à Carthagène, et rapportée dans l' España Sacra, t. V, p. 75.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quisquis ardua turrium miraris culmina</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vestibulumq. urbis duplici porta firmatum (vestibulumque)</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dextra levaq. binos positos arcos (levaque)</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quibus superum ponitur camera curba convexaq. (convexaque)</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><u>Comitiolus</u> sic hæc fieri jussit <u>patricius</u></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Missus a <u>Mauricio</u> aug. contra hoste barbaro</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Magnus virtute magister mil. <b>Spaniæ</b></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sic semper <b>Spania</b> tali rectore lætetur</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dum poli rotantur dumq. sol circuit orbem. (dumque)</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ann. VIII, aug. ind. VIII. (Anno VIII aug., indictione VIII.)</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Il est donc très vraisemblable que des Goths, vers cette époque, aient servi dans les armées commandées par Commentiolus, lorsqu' il </span></span><span style="font-family: verdana;">faisait la guerre à <a href="https://fid4sa-repository.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/3333/1/Modi_History%20of%20the%20Huns.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Chagan</a>.)</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les mots de ces fragments sont conformes aux règles de la syntaxe romane, et ils s' accordent avec le style du serment de 842, où l' on trouve <b>fradre</b> employé comme <b>fratre</b> dans Théophane, et <b>returnar</b> à l' infinitif, comme <b>retorna</b> à l' impératif dans Théophylacte, quoique <u>ce verbe n' existât point dans la langue latine</u>.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Notre historien Aimoin rapporte (1) un fait bien plus difficile à expliquer.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>"Justinien, dit-il, devient empereur. Aussitôt il rassemble une armée contre les barbares; il part, leur livre bataille, les met en fuite, et il a le plaisir de faire leur roi prisonnier; l' ayant fait asseoir à côté de lui sur un trône, il lui commande de restituer les provinces enlevées à l' empire; le </span></span><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">roi répond: Je ne les donnerai point: NON, </span><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">INQUIT</span><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">, DABO; à quoi Justinien réplique: <a href="https://context.reverso.net/traduccion/frances-espanol/donneras" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Tu les donneras</a>, <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2021/10/glosario-ramon-lull-r.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">DARAS</a>.”</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(1: Ce mot <b>daras</b> est entièrement <b>roman</b>. Voy. page 71.).</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Je n' attache point à ces diverses circonstances, ni aux conjectures qu'on peut en tirer, plus d' importance qu' elles n' en méritent, mais peut-être n' ai-je pas dû les omettre.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Un monument qui appartient plus directement à l' histoire de la langue romane, c' est l' ordonnance qu' <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/09/fuero-de-alboacem.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Alboacem, fils de Mahomet Alhamar, fils de Tarif</a>, publia en <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/09/fuero-de-alboacem.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">734</a>.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ce prince régnait à <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/09/fuero-de-alboacem.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Coimbre</a>; son ordonnance permit aux chrétiens l' exercice de leur culte, à certaines conditions, et fut sur-tout favorable aux moines Bénédictins de <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/09/fuero-de-alboacem.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Lorban</a>; elle fut rédigée en <b>latin</b>, mais il s' y trouve quelques mots qui prouvent l' existence actuelle de la <b>langue romane</b> (2 – N. E. Voire le final de la introduction), tels que <b><a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/09/fuero-de-alboacem.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">E</a></b>, et, conjonction; <b><a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/09/fuero-de-alboacem.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">esparte</a></b>, répand; <b><a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/09/fuero-de-alboacem.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">pecten</a></b>, <b><a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/09/fuero-de-alboacem.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">peiten</a></b>, payent; <b><a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/09/fuero-de-alboacem.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">peche</a></b>, paye; <b><a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/09/fuero-de-alboacem.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">cent</a></b>, cent; <b><a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/09/fuero-de-alboacem.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">apres</a></b>, auprès; <b><a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/09/fuero-de-alboacem.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">acolhenza</a></b>, accueil.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On ne sera donc pas surpris de ce qu' un auteur, qui écrivait vers 950, <b>Luitprand</b>, racontant des faits historiques relatifs à l' an 728, atteste qu' alors la <b>langue romane</b> existait dans une partie de l' <span><b>Espagne</b></span>.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ses expressions sont très remarquables:</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>DCCXXVIII. En ce temps furent en Espagne dix langues, comme sous Auguste et sous Tibère.<br />1° L' <b>ancienne langue Espagnole</b>; 2° la <b><a href="https://books.openedition.org/pupvd/320?lang=es" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">langue Cantabre</a></b>; 3° la <b>langue Grecque</b>; 4° la <b>langue Latine</b>; 5° la <b>langue Arabe</b>; 6° la <b>langue Chaldaïque</b>; 7° la <b>langue Hébraïque</b>; 8° la <b>langue Celtibérienne</b>; 9° la <b><a href="https://llengua-valenciana.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">langue Valencienne</a></b>; 10° la <b><a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/2020/09/och-hoc-oc.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">langue Catalane</a></b><span>”.</span><br />(1: "DCCXXVIII. Eo tempore fuerunt in <b>Hispaniâ</b> decem linguæ, ut sub </span></span><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augusto" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Augusto</a> et <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiberio" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Tiberio</a>. I </span><b>Vêtus Hispana</b><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">; II </span><b><a href="https://www.axl.cefan.ulaval.ca/europe/espagne-cantabrie.htm" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Cantabrica</a></b><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">; III </span><b><a href="https://brauliofoz.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Græca</a></b><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">; IV </span><b><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/06/capitulo-xxi.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Latina</a></b><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">; V </span><b><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_%C3%A1rabe" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Arabica</a></b><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">; VI </span><b><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenguas_arameas" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Kaldæa</a></b><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">; VII </span><b><a href="http://gizra.github.io/CDL-ES/pages/016140EA-7FBC-4959-0C2E-4C0F883530AD/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Hebrea</a></b><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">; VIII </span><b><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_celt%C3%ADbero" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Celtiberica</a></b><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">; IX </span><b><a href="https://llengua-valenciana.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Valentina</a></b><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">; X </span><b><a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/2020/09/och-hoc-oc.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Cathalaunica</a></b><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">; de quibus in <a href="https://tiresiotermestino.blog/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/geografia-de-estrabon-libro-iii.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">III lib. </a></span><b><a href="https://tiresiotermestino.blog/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/geografia-de-estrabon-libro-iii.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Strabo</a></b><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">, ubi docet plures fuisse litterarum formas et </span><b>linguas in Hispanis</b><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">."</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><b>Luitprandi</b> Ticin. Episc. Chronicon, p. 372, éd. de 1640, fol.)</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><u>Ces deux dernières étaient la langue romane même</u>; on aura, dans le cours de cet ouvrage, l' occasion de s' en convaincre<br />(2: Voici à ce sujet quelques autorités:</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dans son histoire de Valence, <a href="https://bivaldi.gva.es/es/consulta/registro.cmd?id=9357" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Gaspard Escolano</a> s' exprime ainsi:</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"La tercera… Lengua maestra de las de España, es la <a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/2019/12/ecrire-occitan-essai-presentation-synthese.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Lemosina</a>, y mas general que todas… Por ser la que se hablava en <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/07/coronacion-pedro-ii-roma-papa-inocencio-iii.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Proenza</a>, y toda la <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guyena" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Guiayna</a>, y la Francia Gotica, y la que agora se habla en el <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2021/02/23-de-junio-capitulos.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">principado de Cataluna</a>, <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/06/antonio-ubieto-arteta.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Reyno de Valencia</a>, islas de <a href="https://regnemallorca.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Mallorca</a>, <a href="https://regnemallorca.blogspot.com/search?q=Menorca" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Minorca</a>, etc."</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Gasp. Escolano. Hist. de Valencia, part. I, lib. I, cap. 14, num. 1.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nicolas Antonio dit de même:</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Ut enim veteres <b>Provincialis linguæ seu Valentinæ</b> poetas."</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nic. Antonio. Bibl. Hisp. vet. præf. t. I, num. 26.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Elucubravit ipse <a href="https://jaime-i-conquistador.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Jacobus I, Aragoniæ rex</a>, <b>vernacula</b> gentis, hoc est</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><b>provinciali</b> ut vocant <b>linguâ</b>, quæ tam in <b><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/01/la-rosada-del-mati-viernes-de-hermandad.html " rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Cataloniæ</a></b>, quam in <b><a href="https://llengua-valenciana.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Valentiæ</a></b>, nec non in <b><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/07/jaime-i-concebido-gracias-treta-estratagema.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Montis-Pesulani</a></b>, <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/07/jaime-i-concebido-gracias-treta-estratagema.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">unde <u>Maria fuit regis mater</u></a>, ditionibus in usu fuit, rerum tempore suo gestarum historiam."</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span><a href="http://www.uco.es/servicios/ucopress/silem/buscador/visualizar-titulo.php?filtro=CAN3001.REP0578.1769.DIEZE" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Nic. Antonio. Bibl. Hisp. vet.</a> t. II, fol. 49, num. 144.)<br /></span></span><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dans quelques titres qui concernent l' histoire d' Italie, on trouve pareillement, aux VIIIe et IXe siècles, des mots qui indiquent l' existence de la langue romane, tels que:</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><b>corre</b>, il court (1); <b>avent</b>, ayant (2); <b>ora</b>, à-présent (3), etc.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A ces preuves matérielles, qui ne laissent aucun doute sur l' existence de la <b>langue romane en Italie</b> pendant les VIIIe et IXe siècles, je joindrai un témoignage bien précis, celui de Gonzon, savant Italien, qui écrivait, vers l' an 960: "C' est à tort que le moine de Saint-Gal a cru que j' ignorais la science de la grammaire, quoique je sois quelquefois arrêté par l' usage de notre <b><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/06/lxxxii-reg-1890-fol-131-20-mar-1387.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">langue vulgaire</a></b>, qui <b>approche</b> du latin (4)."<br />(1) An 730. Murat. diss. 33.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(2) An 816. Murat. diss. 33.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(3) An 730. Cod. diplom. toscano, t. I, p. 366.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(4) "Falso putavit S. Galli monachus me remotum a scientiâ grammaticæ artis, licet aliquando retarder usu <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/12/dels-panicers-majors.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">nostræ</a> <b><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/06/lxxxii-reg-1890-fol-131-20-mar-1387.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">vulgaris linguæ</a></b> quæ <b>latinitati</b> vicina est." Martène, Vet. Script. ampl. Collect. t. I, col. 298.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' usage de cette langue vulgaire ne pouvait être un obstacle, qu' autant qu' elle était parlée journellement.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' épitaphe du pape Grégoire V, décédé à la fin du même siècle, atteste qu' il parlait bien la <b>langue vulgaire</b>:<br />"Bruno, de la race royale des Francs, usant de l' <b>idiôme francique</b>, de l' <b>idiôme vulgaire</b>, et de l' <b>idiôme latin</b>, enseigna les peuples en ces trois langages.” (1:<br />Ante tamen Bruno, Francorum regia proles...<br />Usus <u>francisca</u>, <b>vulgari</b>, et voce latina,</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Instituit populos eloquio triplici.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fontanini, della Eloquenza italiana, p. 15.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><b>Francisca</b> signifie <b>francique, théotisque</b>.)<br /><br />Quant à la France, des preuves positives attestent l' usage général de la langue romane au VIIIe siècle.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Il existe deux vies de saint Adhalard, abbé de Corbie, né vers l' an 750.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' une et l' autre font mention de cet idiôme.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Un disciple d' Adhalard, Paschase Ratbert, qui a écrit la première vie, a dit: "Parlait-il la <b>langue vulgaire</b>? ses paroles coulaient avec douceur; parlait-il la <u>langue barbare</u>, appelée <u>théotisque</u>? il brillait par l' éloquence de la charité”. (2: "Quem si <b>vulgò</b> audisses, dulcifluus emanabat; si vero idem <u>barbarâ</u>, quam <b>teutiscam</b> dicunt, <b>linguâ</b> loqueretur, præeminebat caritatis eloquio." Bolland. Acta Sanct. Januar. t. I, p. 109.)</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Gérard de Corbie, qui a écrit la seconde vie, raconte les mêmes circonstances en termes plus exprès:</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"S' il parlait en <b>langue vulgaire</b>, c' est-à-dire, <b>romane</b>, on eût dit qu' il ne savait que celle-là; s' il parlait en <u>langue theutonique</u>, il brillait encore</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>plus”. (3: "Qui si <b>vulgari</b>, id est, <b>romanâ linguâ</b>, loqueretur, omnium aliarum putaretur inscius; nec mirum, erat denique in omnibus liberaliter educatus; si verò <b>theutonicâ</b>, enitebat perfectius." Bolland. Acta Sanct. Januar. t. I, p. 116.)<br /></span></span><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En 714, un jeune sourd-muet de naissance avait été guéri miraculeusement au tombeau de saint Germain de Paris. D' après l' historien contemporain, ce jeune garçon répéta facilement les mots qu' il entendit prononcer; et non-seulement il apprit en peu de temps à parler parfaitement la langue <b>rustique</b>, mais il fut bientôt en état d' étudier les lettres (1: "Unde factum est ut, tam auditu quam locutione, in brevi non solum ipsam <b>rusticam linguam</b> perfectè loqueretur, sed etiam litteras, in ipsâ ecclesiâ clericus effectus, discere cœpit."<br />Ducange Gloss. præf. n. XIII.).</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ici se place un fait très important, qui sert à prouver que la <b>langue romane</b> était la <b>langue vulgaire</b> de tous les peuples qui obéissaient à Charlemagne dans le midi de l' Europe; et l' on sait que sa domination s' étendait sur tout le midi de la France, sur une partie de l' Espagne, et sur l' Italie presque entière.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sous son règne, un espagnol malade, pour s' être imprudemment baigné dans l' Ebre, visitait les églises de France, d' Italie, et d' Allemagne, implorant sa guérison. Il arriva jusqu' à Fulde dans la Hesse (N. E. Fulda, Hessen), au tombeau de sainte Liobe.<br />(2: "Alter erat de Hispaniâ qui, peccatis exigentibus, pœnæ tali addictus est, ut horribiliter quateretur tremore omnium membrorum. Cujus passionis incommodum, sicut ipse retulit, in <u>Ibero flumine</u> contraxit; in quâ deformitate oculos civium suorum non sustinens, ubicumque ei ire visum est, per diversa sancta locorum vagabatur. Peragrata itaque omni Gallia atque Italia, Germaniam ingressus est… Fuldam venit… Cryptam occidentalem, super quam corpus S. Bonifacii martyris quiescit, ingressus est, ac prostratus in oratione…. Quod cernens vir venerandus Firmadus presbyter et monachus… Interea subito surrexit homo et non tremebat, quia sanatus erat. Interrogatus ergo a presbytero (quoniam linguæ ejus, eo quòd esset italus, notitiam habebat), retulit se per excessum mentis, etc."</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vita S. Liobae. - Mabillon, act. SS. Bened. secul. III, pars II, p. 258.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mabillon observe que cette vie a été écrite par Rodulfe avant que les reliques de sainte Liobe eussent été transportées par Raban Maur au mont Saint-Pierre.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Rodulfe, prêtre et moine du couvent de Fulde, très savant dans toutes les sciences, historien et poëte, mourut le VIII des ides de mars 865, selon l' histoire de Pierre le bibliothécaire, ou 866, selon Duchesne, Hist. Franc. Script.).</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Le malade obtint sa guérison; un prêtre l' interrogea, et l' Espagnol lui répondit.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Comment purent-ils s' entendre?</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' est, dit l' historien contemporain, que le prêtre, à cause qu' il était italien, connaissait la langue de l' Espagnol: "Quoniam linguae ejus, eo quod esset italus, notitiam habebat."</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' histoire nous fournit plusieurs faits qui permettent d' assurer que, sous le règne de Charlemagne, l' <b>idiôme roman</b> avait prévalu comme <b>idiôme vulgaire</b> sur la <u>langue latine</u>, et même que cette langue n' était plus comprise par le plus grand nombre des Français.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En 787, ce prince fut dans la nécessité d' appeler de Rome quelques grammairiens, pour rétablir en France l' enseignement de la langue latine (1: "<a href="https://recherchesfrance.blogspot.com/2023/08/9-4-opinion-erronee.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Carolus</a> iterum a Roma artis <a href="https://recherchesfrance.blogspot.com/2023/08/9-4-opinion-erronee.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">grammaticæ</a> et <a href="https://recherchesfrance.blogspot.com/2023/08/9-4-opinion-erronee.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">computatoriæ</a> magistros secum adduxit in Franciam, et ubique <u><a href="https://recherchesfrance.blogspot.com/2023/08/9-4-opinion-erronee.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">studium litterarum</a></u> expandere jussit. <a href="https://recherchesfrance.blogspot.com/2023/08/9-4-opinion-erronee.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ante ipsum enim domnum regem Carolum</a>, in Galliâ <u><a href="https://recherchesfrance.blogspot.com/2023/08/9-4-opinion-erronee.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">nullum studium</a></u> fuerat liberalium artium." Vit. Karol. Magn. Per Monach. Egolism.)</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Un fait bien décisif, c' est qu' Eginhard, historien de Charlemagne, s' excuse, en quelque sorte, d' écrire sa vie en latin:<br />(2: "En tibi librum præclarissimi et maximi viri memoriam continentem, in quo præter illius facta, non est quod admireris, nisi forte quod <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/03/artur-quintana-arturo-quintana.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">homo <u>barbarus</u></a>, et <u>romana locutione</u> perparum exercitatus, aliquid me decenter aut commodè <u>latinè</u> scribere posse putaverim." Eginh. Vit. Carol.)</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Voici, dit-il, l' ouvrage que je consacre à la mémoire de ce très grand et très illustre prince; vous serez surpris que moi, <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/03/artur-quintana-arturo-quintana.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">homme <u>barbare</u></a>, et peu</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">exercé dans la <b>langue romaine</b>, j' aie espéré écrire en <b>latin</b> avec quelque politesse et quelque facilité."</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si Eginhard, secrétaire et chancelier de Charlemagne, manifeste des craintes sur son style latin, s' il se nomme <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/03/artur-quintana-arturo-quintana.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">barbare</a>, c' est que <b>la langue latine n' étant point parlée vulgairement</b> à la <b>cour</b>, il n' avait pas la</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">certitude que son style fut exempt de fautes; en effet, l' <b>idiôme francique</b> était la <b>langue vulgaire</b> à Aix-la-Chapelle (N. E. Aachen, Aquisgrán), et dans le nord de l' empire, tandis qu' à Paris, et dans le midi de l' empire, la <b>langue vulgaire</b> c' était l' <b>idiôme roman</b>.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Enfin, si la langue latine, qui restait toujours celle de la religion et du gouvernement, n' avait cessé d' être la <b>langue du peuple</b>, l' historien de Louis-le-Débonnaire aurait-il cru faire de ce prince un véritable éloge, en disant qu' il parlait la langue latine, aussi bien que sa <b>langue naturelle</b><span>?</span><b> </b><span>(1: "</span><span><span>Latinam</span></span><span> vero sicut naturalem æqualiter loqui poterat."</span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Theganus, de Gestis Ludov. pii.)</span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Au commencement du IXe siècle, divers conciles furent assemblés en différents lieux de l' empire de Charlemagne, pour rétablir la discipline ecclésiastique; ceux de Tours et de Rheims, tenus en 813, décidèrent que l' instruction religieuse devait être mise à la portée du peuple.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quoiqu'on ait cité souvent l' article XVII des actes du concile de Tours, je crois indispensable de le traduire ici en entier:</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Il a paru à notre Unité que chaque évêque devait avoir des homélies contenant les admonitions nécessaires à l' instruction des fidèles, c' est-à-dire, sur la foi catholique, selon qu' ils en pourront comprendre, sur l' éternelle récompense des bons, et l' éternelle damnation des méchants, sur la résurrection future, et le jugement dernier, enfin sur la nature des œuvres par lesquelles on peut mériter la vie éternelle ou en être exclu. Que chaque évêque <b>traduise</b> publiquement ces <b>homélies</b> en <b>langue rustique romane</b> ou <b>théotisque</b>, de manière que tous puissent comprendre ces prédications."<br />(1: "Visum est unitati nostræ ut quisque episcopus habeat <b>homilias</b> continentes necessarias admonitiones quibus subjecti erudiantur; id est de fide catholicâ, pro ut capere possint, de perpetuâ retributione bonorum, et æternâ damnatione malorum, de resurrectione quoque futurâ, et ultimo judicio, et quibus operibus possit promereri vita beata quibusve excludi; et ut easdem homilias quisque apertè <b>transferre</b> studeat in <b>rusticam romanam linguam aut theotiscam</b>, quo faciliùs cuncti possint intelligere quæ dicuntur." Labbe. Concil. t. VII, col. 1263.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>D' après Borel et Pasquier, on a souvent répété que les actes du concile d' Arles de 751 contiennent un passage semblable; mais c' est une erreur.)<br /></span></span><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' article XV des actes du concile de Rheims porte:</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Les évêques doivent prêcher les sermons et les homélies, selon la langue propre aux auditeurs, afin que tous puissent les comprendre<br />(2: "Ut episcopi sermones et homilias sanctorum patrum, prout omnes</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">intelligere possint, <b>secundum proprietatem linguæ</b>, prædicare studeant." Labbe Concil. t. VII, col. 1256.)</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Charlemagne publia, la même année 813, un capitulaire dont l' article XV prononce:</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Les prêtres doivent prêcher de manière que le <u>simple peuple</u>, <b>vulgaris</b> <b>populus</b>, puisse comprendre, intelligere possit.” (3: De officio prædicatorum: "Ut juxta, quod bene vulgaris populus intelligere possit, assiduè fiat." Capit. Reg. Franc. An 813.)</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Selon les conciles et les capitulaires, l' instruction religieuse se faisant en <b>langue vulgaire</b>, le peuple devint bientôt entièrement étranger à la <u>langue latine</u>; aussi lui en défendit-on l' usage dans les actes religieux</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">qui exigent une profession de foi. L' art. LV des capitulaires recueillis par Hérard, archevêque de Tours, et publiés dans un synode tenu en 858, porte:."Que nulles personnes ne seront admises à tenir un enfant sur les fonts baptismaux, si elles ne savent et ne comprennent, dans <b>leur langue</b>, l' oraison dominicale et le symbole. Il faut, dit cet article, connaître l' obligation qu'on aura contractée envers Dieu.”<br />(1: "Ut nemo a sacro fonte aliquem suscipiat, nisi orationem dominicam et symbolum juxta linguam suam et intellectum teneat; et omnes intelligant pactum quod cum deo fecerunt." Capitul. t. I, col. 1289.).</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Il est hors de doute que, pour toute la partie méridionale de l' empire de Charlemagne, cette langue dans laquelle le peuple devait recevoir l' instruction religieuse, n' était autre que l' <b>idiôme roman</b>, dont <b>Nithard</b> nous a conservé un fragment précieux, en transcrivant les <b>serments</b> prononcés à Strasbourg l' an 842, par Louis-le-Germanique, et par les Français soumis à Charles-le-Chauve.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nithard nous a transmis en latin le discours que les deux princes prononcèrent, l' un en <b>langue romane</b>, l' autre en <b>langue théotisque</b>.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Le concile de Mayence, (Mainz, Maguntia) tenu en 847, porte à l' art. II</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">les dispositions semblables à l' art. XVII du concile de Tours de 813, et se sert des mêmes expressions (2: Seulement un mot a été omis, sans doute par l' inadvertance du copiste. Labbe. Concil. t. VIII, col. 42.).</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' <b>idiôme roman du serment de 842</b> paraît encore très grossier; il ne présente pas l' emploi de l' article.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mais il est très vraisemblable que, dans le midi de la France, le langage était déja épuré. Le poëme d' Abbon sur le siège de Paris par les Normands, en 885 et 886, félicite l' Aquitaine, c' est-à-dire, les <b>pays</b> de l' <u>autre côté de la Loire</u>, sur la pureté et la finesse de <u>la langue qu'on y parle</u>.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Calliditate venis acieque, Aquitania, linguæ.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Abbo poem. lib. II, v. 471.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Le traité de Coblentz (Koblenz, Coblenza), fait en 860 entre Louis-le-Germanique et Charles-le-Chauve, fut également publié en <b>langue théotisque ou francique</b>, et en <b>langue romane</b>.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les Capitulaires en offrent la <u>traduction latine</u>.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A la fin du traité on lit:<br />(1: "Hæc eadem domnus Karolus <b>romana linguâ</b> adnunciavit et eâ maximâ parte <b>linguâ Theodiscâ</b> recapitulavit.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Post hæc, domnus (Hludouuicus) Hludouvicus ad domnum Karolum fratrem suum <b>linguâ romana</b> dixit:</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“<span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Nunc si vobis placet, vestrum verbum habere volo de illis hominibus qui</span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">ad meam fidem venerunt."</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et domnus Karolus, excelsâ voce, <b>linguâ romana</b> dixit:</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Illis hominibus qui, etc."</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et domnus Hlotarius <b>linguâ theodiscâ</b> eis suprà adnunciatis capitulis se</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">convenire dixit, et se observaturum illa promisit.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et tunc domnus Karolus iterum <b>linguâ romana</b> de pace convenit, et ut cum dei gratiâ sani et salvi irent, et ut eos sanos reviderent oravit, et adnuntiationibus finem imposuit." Cap. Reg. Franc. t. II, col. 144.)</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Charles proclama ce traité en <b>langue romane</b>, et en récapitula la plus grande partie en <b>langue théotisque</b>.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Après quoi Louis dit à son frère Charles en <b>langue romane</b>: Maintenant, si cela vous plaît, je voudrais avoir votre parole au sujet de ceux qui</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">avaient pris les armes pour moi.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et Charles, d' une voix beaucoup plus élevée, proclama en <b>langue romane</b> l' amnistie demandée.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et Lothaire donna en <b>langue théotisque</b> son adhésion au traité, et Charles proclama encore la paix en <b>langue romane</b>."</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ces monuments du IXe siècle peuvent-ils permettre de former le moindre doute sur le fait incontestable que la <b>langue romane</b> était alors dans la France la <b>langue vulgaire</b> du peuple et de l' armée?</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Le texte même de Nithard le déclare expressément, lorsqu' il dit au sujet des serments de 842:</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Or le serment que chaque peuple de l' un et l' autre roi jura en <b>sa propre langue</b>, est ainsi en <b>langue romane</b>.”<br />(1: "Sacramentum autem quod utrorumque populus quique <u><span>propriâ linguâ</span></u><b> </b>testatus est, <b>romana linguâ</b> sic se habet.")</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A ces preuves historiques, qui ne laissent aucun doute sur l' <u>existence ancienne de la langue romane</u>, on peut ajouter des preuves matérielles:</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Soit en recherchant les traces les plus reculées de l' emploi de l' <b>article</b> qui a été l' un des caractères innovateurs de cet <b>idiôme</b>; et le tableau que je présenterai à ce sujet démontrera l' emploi de l' article aux dates de 793, 810, 880, 886, 894, 924, 927, 930, 960, 994 (1: Voyez ci-après ce tableau, p. 43 et 44.);</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Soit en reconnaissant les noms propres qui, dans les ouvrages latins écrits à une époque ancienne, sont désignés par une dénomination purement <b>romane;</b> (2: Il est peu de nos chartes anciennes qui n' offrent quelques <b>noms de lieu</b> (N. E. toponimia) en <b>langue vulgaire</b>; une circonstance ajoute encore à la preuve qui résulte de l' évidence des noms appartenant à la <b>langue romane</b>, c' est que l' on trouve aussi un grand nombre de noms qui appartiennent à la <b>langue francique ou théotisque</b>.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Voici quelques exemples pour la <b>langue romane</b>:</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Charte de 713. "Locum de <b>Osne</b>."</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Titre de 790. "Raymundus <b>Raphinel</b>…. Locum qui apellatur <b>Lumbe</b>…</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Super rivum <span><b>Save</b></span>…. Fiscum qui <b>Piscarias</b> dicitur…. Monasterio quod <b>Cesarion</b> dicitur." Gallia Christiana, Instr. Eccl. Lombariensis.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Titre de 806. "Villare quem dicunt <b>Stagnole</b>…. Villare quem vocant <b>Agre</b>…. In villa <b>Ulmes</b><span>.</span>" Hist. de Languedoc. Pr. t. I, col. 33.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Titre de 819. “Parrochiam de <b>Archavel</b>… <b>Orgollel</b>… <b>Encap</b>… <b>De</b> <b>Tost</b>…</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><b>Palerols</b>… <b>De</b> <b>Noves</b>… <b>Banieres</b>… <b>Arches</b>… <b>Cortalb</b>… <b>Meranges</b>… <b>Balcebre</b>… <b>Macianers</b>… <b>Figols</b>… <b>Merles</b>… <b>Baien</b>… <b>Asnet</b>. Etc. etc."</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Append. March. Hisp.)<br /></span></span><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Soit enfin en cherchant dans les écrits de la <b>basse latinité</b>, les traces de la réaction de la langue vulgaire sur la langue latine.<br />(3: An 782. "A tunc nos missi…. A tunc ipsi missi et judices…" Hist. de Languedoc. Pr. t. I, col. 25.<br />An 852. "Ad tunc nos…. Ad tunc ipse Ramnus asserens dixit…. Unde</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ramnus ad tunc hora præceptum imperiale et judicium ad relegendum ostendit… Ad tunc nos supradicti interrogavimus…. Ad tunc ipse Odilo se recognobit…."</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Hist. de Languedoc. Pr. t. I, col. 99.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">An 833. "Ad contra responderunt." Muratori, diss. 70.)</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br />Je crois avoir prouvé d' une manière incontestable, et par les faits historiques et par les preuves matérielles, l' existence et l' ancienneté de la langue romane.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les monuments qu' offrent différents siècles et divers pays, démontrent avec la même évidence que l' <b>idiôme primitif</b> s' est <u>conservé et perfectionné</u> dans les écrits des <b>troubadours</b>, et dans le <b>langage des peuples</b> qui habitèrent le <b>midi de la France</b>.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ce fait très certain avait été reconnu et attesté par de nombreux écrivains:</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fauchet, dans son Recueil de l' origine de la Langue et Poésie Françoise, Ryme et <b>Romans</b>, liv. I, ch. 4, s' exprime en ces termes:</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Or ne peut-on dire que la <b>langue de ces serments</b>, laquelle Nithard appelle <b>romaine</b>, soit vraiment <u>romaine</u>, j' entends <u>latine</u>, mais plutost pareille à celle dont usent à-présent les <b>Provençaux</b>, <b>Cathalans</b>, ou ceux du <b>Languedoc</b>… Il faut donc nécessairement conclure que ceste <b>langue Romaine</b>, entendue par les soldats du roi Charles-le-Chauve, estoit ceste <b>rustique romaine</b>, en laquelle Charles-le-Grand vouloit que les <b>omélies</b> preschées aux églises, fussent translatées, afin d' estre entendues par les <u>simples gens</u>, comme leur <b>langue maternelle</b>, aux prosnes et sermons….".</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Il reste à savoir pourquoi ceste <b>langue romaine rustique</b> a été <u>chassée outre Loire</u>…".</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cette dernière séparation de Hue Capet fut cause, et, à mon advis, apporta un plus grand changement; voire, si j' ose le dire, doubla la</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><b>langue romande</b>."</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cazeneuve, dans un fragment qu' il a écrit sur cette matière, a dit:</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Ces deux langues <b>teudisque</b> et <b>romaine</b> furent usitées dans les états de nos rois, jusqu' à ce que, par le partage fait entre les enfants de Louis-le-Débonnaire, le pays qui est maintenant sujet à la couronne de France échut à Charles-le-Chauve, et ce que nos rois avoient conquis en Allemagne échut à Louis son frère, avec le titre de roi de Germanie; car dès lors commença la division des deux langues, la <b>romaine</b> demeurant dans les <b>états de Charles-le-Chauve</b>, et la <b>teudisque</b> dans ceux de <b>Louis-le-Germanique</b>.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cependant cette <b>langue romaine</b> souffrit en peu de temps un notable changement; car, comme les langues suivent d' ordinaire les fortunes des états, et perdent la pureté dans leur décadence, après que l' Allemagne fut éclipsée de la couronne de France, la <b>cour de nos rois</b>, qui se tenoit à Aix-la-Chapelle, se tint à Paris, et d' autant que cette ville se trouva assise près de l' extrémité du royaume qui tient à l' Allemagne, et par conséquent éloigné de la <b>Gaule Narbonoise</b>, où étoit l' usage de la <b>langue romaine</b>, il arriva qu' insensiblement, à la <u>cour de nos rois</u> et aux provinces qui en étoient voisines, il se forma une <u>troisième langue</u> qui retint bien le nom de <b>romaine</b>, mais qui se rendit avec le temps tout-à-fait différente de l' <u>ancienne langue romaine</u>, laquelle pourtant demeura en sa pureté dans les provinces qui sont en-deçà de la Loire; et d' autant que les peuples de delà la Loire disoient <b>oui</b>, (ancienne oïl) et ceux de deçà <b>oc</b>, la France fut divisée en <b>pays de langue d' oui</b> ou <b>Françoise</b>, et de <b><a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/search?q=Hoc" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">langue d' oc</a> ou provençale</b>, dont le nom est demeuré à la <b>province</b> auparavant appelée <b>Septimanie.</b></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Or que cette <b><a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/search?q=Hoc" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">langue d' oc ou provençale</a></b> soit <u>la même que l' ancienne langue romaine</u>, il se peut clairement justifier par les <b>serments</b> qui sont dans <b>Nitard</b>… Puis donc qu' il est hors de doute que notre <b>langue d' <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2021/02/14-de-junio-resposta-de-hoc-o-de-no.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">oc</a> ou provençale</b> est cette même <b>langue romaine</b>, que les anciens François parloient devant la troisième race de nos rois, c' est-à-dire, <u>auparavant le Xe siècle</u>, ne pouvons-nous pas aussi, sans faire les vains, et nous donner une gloire imaginaire, assurer que <u>c' est de notre langue qu' a pris son origine</u> celle que nous appelons maintenant <b>françoise</b>?… Ce lui est toujours de l' honneur d' estre comme <b>le cep d' où s' est provignée</b> cette belle <b>langue françoise</b>…</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mais quand j' aurai fait voir de plus que c' est d' elle que les langues Italienne et Espagnole ont pris leur naissance, j' ose bien assurer… qu'on n' en fera pas moins d' estime qu'on fait d' ordinaire des sources des grands fleuves, quelque petites qu' elles soient."</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Huet, dans son ouvrage de l' Origine des Romans, a consacré la même opinion:</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Le <b>langage romain</b> fut appelé la <b>langue provençale</b>, non-seulement parce qu' il reçut <u>moins d' altération</u> dans la <b>Provence</b> que dans les autres cantons de la France, mais encore parce que les <b>Provençaux</b> s' en servoient ordinairement dans leurs compositions, etc. Les <b>troubadours</b>, les <u>chanterres</u>, les <u>conteurs</u>, et les <u>jongleurs</u> de Provence, et enfin tous ceux qui exerçoient ce qu'on y appeloit la <b>science gaie</b>, (N. E. gay saber) commencèrent, dès le temps de <b>Hue Capet</b>, à <b>romaniser</b> tout de bon, débitant leurs <b>romans</b> et leurs <u>fabliaux</u> composés en <b>langage romain</b>: car alors les <b>Provençaux</b> avoient plus d' usage des lettres et de la poésie que tout le reste des <a href="https://recherchesfrance.blogspot.com/2023/07/8-1-origine-vulgaire-francois-roman-orthographe-parler.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">François</a>…</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Le <b>roman</b> estant donc plus universellement entendu, les <u>conteurs</u> de Provence s' en servirent pour écrire leurs <u>contes</u> qui de là furent appelés </span></span><b>romans</b><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">." (chap. <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/09/tomas-bosque-la-codonera-teruel-arago.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">eres un romansé</a>)</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Je ne dois pas omettre le sentiment de l' abbé Lebœuf, qui était si versé dans cette matière; ses recherches sur les plus anciennes traductions en</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><b><a href="https://recherchesfrance.blogspot.com/2023/07/8-1-origine-vulgaire-francois-roman-orthographe-parler.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">idiôme français</a></b> offrent le passage suivant:</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Je me contente d' avancer, comme une chose très vraisemblable, que, dans la plupart des provinces des Gaules, on <u>parloit</u> <b><a href="https://textos-dante-alighieri.blogspot.com/2020/08/de-vulgari-eloquentia-liber-secundus.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">vulgairement</a></b> une <b>langue</b> <u>peu différente</u> de celle des <b>Provençaux</b>, des <b><a href="https://tresorfelibrige.blogspot.com/2021/12/abalourdimen-abelimen.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Périgourdins</a></b>, des <b><a href="https://tresorfelibrige.blogspot.com/2021/12/lou-tresor-dou-felibrige.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Limousins</a></b>. Je pense que cela dura jusqu' à ce que le commerce de ces provinces avec les peuples du nord et de l' Allemagne, et sur-tout celui des habitants de l' Armorique avec les Anglois, vers le XIe siècle, eussent apporté dans la <b>Romaine rustique</b>, une <u>dureté qui n' y étoit pas auparavant.”</u> (1: Mém. de l' Acad. des Inscr. Et Belles-Lettres, t. XVII, p. 718.)</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les savants auteurs de l' <b>histoire de Languedoc</b> ont plusieurs fois donné à ce sujet des explications aussi curieuses qu' incontestables.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"La <b>langue latine</b> commençoit cependant à <b>se corrompre</b>, et dégénéra enfin de manière qu' elle forma ce qu'on appella dans la suite la <b>langue</b></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><b>romaine</b>, qui est à-peu-près la même qu'on parle aujourd'hui dans les <b>provinces méridionales</b> du royaume, et qui, <b>dès le milieu du IXe siècle</b>, se trouvoit déja toute formée, ainsi que nous le verrons ailleurs... (2: Hist. générale du Languedoc, t. I p. 327.)</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Du mélange de cette langue avec celle des barbares, et du commerce de ces derniers avec les Romains ou Gaulois d' origine, qui ne firent ensuite qu' un seul peuple, il se forma enfin une nouvelle langue qu'on appela <b>romaine</b>, et qui est à-peu-près la même qu'on parle encore aujourd'hui dans le pays.” (1: Hist. générale du Languedoc, t. I, p. 379.)</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Au sujet du <b>serment de 842</b>, ils disent:</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"On peut remarquer dans ces deux actes que la langue qu'on appelle <b>romaine</b> est presque la même que celle que parlent encore aujourd'hui les peuples de <b>Provence</b>, de <b><a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/search?q=Hoc" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Languedoc</a></b>, et de <b>Gascogne</b>, et qu' elle a beaucoup moins de rapport avec la <b>françoise</b>.” (2: Hist. générale du Languedoc, t. I, p. 532.)</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les auteurs de l' Histoire Littéraire de la France s' expriment sur le même sujet en termes non moins affirmatifs:<br />(3: Hist. Lit. de la France, t. IX, p. 172.)</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>"Dans la suite on distingua de la <u><a href="https://recherchesfrance.blogspot.com/2023/07/7-3-anciennete-progrez-nostre.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">poésie françoise</a></u>, proprement dite, la <b><a href="https://tresorfelibrige.blogspot.com/2021/12/abime-abouli.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">poésie provençale</a></b>: celle-ci différoit de l' autre, en ce que le génie de la langue demeura presque <b>pur roman</b>, au lieu que la <u>françoise</u>, quoique <u>pur roman dans son origine</u>, comme l' autre, fut adoucie peu-à-peu, tant par de nouvelles inflexions et terminaisons qu' elle reçut, que par les autres endroits qui la rapprochèrent successivement du génie françois… C' étoit la langue qu' employoient ordinairement les poëtes d' <span>en-deçà la</span><b> Loire</b>; ceux d' au-delà versifioient au contraire en <b><a href="https://tresorfelibrige.blogspot.com/2021/12/a-abalourdi.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">langue provençale</a></b>:” (1: "Quant au nom de <b>provençale</b>, qu'on donna à la langue dont on se servoit dans les <b>provinces méridionales</b> de la France, après que les peuples des <u>pays septentrionaux</u> eurent adopté un <u>idiôme différent</u>, il est certain qu' elle ne fut pas ainsi nommée, parce qu' elle fut d' abord particulière aux peuples de la Provence proprement dite, mais à cause qu' elle comprenoit alors, sous le nom de <b>Provençaux</b>, tous les peuples de la <u>partie méridionale</u> de la France. Les divers auteurs qui ont écrit, à la fin du XIe siècle, l' histoire de la première croisade, nous en fournissent les preuves: On nomme <b>provençaux</b>, dit un de ces historiens, les peuples de <b><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/search?q=Bourgogne" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Bourgogne</a></b>, d' <b><a href="https://tresorfelibrige.blogspot.com/2021/12/a-abalourdi.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Auvergne</a></b>, de <b><a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/2018/05/lo-canhas-deus-baskervilles-gascon-occitan.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Gascogne</a></b>, de <b>Gothie</b>, et de <b><a href="https://tresorfelibrige.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Provence</a></b>. Les autres s' appeloient <b>François</b>, mais les ennemis donnoient le nom de <b><a href="https://recherchesfrance.blogspot.com/2023/06/4-7-droits-juree-bourgeoisie-roy.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Francs</a></b> <u>aux uns et aux autres</u>. Les <b><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/02/cvi-reg-1351-fol-7-12-febrero-1372.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Aquitains</a></b> étoient aussi compris sous le nom de <b><a href="https://tresorfelibrige.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Provençaux</a></b>."<br /><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histoire_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale_de_Languedoc" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Hist. gén. du Languedoc</a>, t. II, p. 246.)<br /></span></span><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">J' avais prouvé l' existence et l' ancienneté de la langue romane; je crois que les autorités que je rapporte pour démontrer son identité avec la langue des <b>troubadours ou poetes <a href="https://tresorfelibrige.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">provençaux</a></b>, ne laissent aucun doute sur ce point.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mais quel était le mécanisme, quelles étaient les formes essentielles de cette langue?</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' est ce que j' ai à examiner et à démontrer.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' abord j' exposerai les détails relatifs à son origine, et j' en expliquerai la formation; ce qui me permettra de présenter les éléments de sa grammaire avant l' an 1000.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Et ensuite je donnerai une grammaire détaillée de la même langue, devenue celle des troubadours; et j' autoriserai toutes les règles, soit générales, soit particulières, par les citations qui seront presque toujours prises dans les écrits de ces illustres poëtes.<br /><br />_______<br /></span></span><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(2) Escritura del <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/09/fuero-de-alboacem.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Rey moro de Coimbra</a>, era 772. (an. 734).</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"<a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/09/fuero-de-alboacem.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><b>Alboacem</b> Iben Mahumet Alhamar, Iben Tarif</a>, bellator fortis, vincitor</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><b>Hispaniarum</b>, dominator <b>Cantabriæ</b> Gothorum, et magnæ litis Roderici. Quoniam nos constituit Allah, <u>Illalah</u> super gentem Nazarat, <b>E</b> fecit me dominatorem <a href="https://www.instagram.com/ucoimbra/?hl=es" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Colimb</a>, et omni terræ inter Goadaluam, et Mondecum, et Goadatha per ubi <b>esparte</b> meum mandum. Ego ordinavi, quod Christiani de meas terras <b>pecten</b> dupliciter quam Mauri, et de ecclesiis per singulas XXV. pesantes de bono argento, et per <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/12/acta-electionis-consecrationis-suniarii-abbatis-amerensis-concilio-gerundae-mxvii-1017.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">monasteria</a> <b>peiten</b> L. pesantes et vispesantes <b>pecten cent</b> santes: et Christiani habeant in Colimb suum comitem, et in Goadatha <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/08/sacramentum-fidelitatem-ermengaudi-i-comitis-urgelli-ad-sallanum-episcopum-urgellensis-anno-m-1000-aut-circiter.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">alium comitem</a> de sua gente, qui manteneat eos in bono juzgo, secundum solent homines Christiani, et isti component rixas inter illos, et non matabunt hominem sine jussu de Alcaide; seu Aluacile Sarraceno. Sed ponent illum <b>apres</b> de Alcaide, et mostrabunt suos juzgos, et ille dicebit: bene est; et matabunt culpatum.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">In <a href="https://pueblosdelmatarrana.blogspot.com/search?q=Fuentespalda" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">populationibus parvis</a> ponent suos judices, qui regant eos benè, et sine rixas. Si autem contingat homo Christianus quod matet, vel injuriet hominem Maurum, Alvacir seu Alcaide faciat de illo secundum juzgo de Mauris; si Christianus esforciaverit Sarracenam virginem, sit Maurus et recipiat illam, sin matent eum; si fuerit de marito, matent eum; si Christianus fuerit ad Mesquidam vel dixerit male de Allah, vel Mahamet, fiant Maurus, sin matent eum. Bispi de Christianis non maledicant reges Maurorum, sin moriantur. Presbyteri non faciat suas missas, nisi portis cerratis, sin pieten (<b>peiten</b>) X pesantes argenti: monasteria quæ sunt in meo mando habeant sua bona in pace, et <b>pechen</b> prædictos L. <a href="https://glosario-etimologico.blogspot.com/search?q=bizancio" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">pesantes</a>. Monasterium de Montanis, qui dicitur Laurbano, non <b>peche</b> nullo pesante, quoniam bona intentione monstrant mihi loca de suis <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/09/fuero-de-alboacem.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">venatis</a>, <b>e</b> faciunt Sarracenis bona <b><a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/09/fuero-de-alboacem.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">acolhenza</a></b>, et nunquam invenit falsum, neque malum animum in illis, qui morant ibi, et totas suas hæreditates possideant cum pace, et bona quiete, sine rixa et sine vexatione, neque forcia de Mauris, et veniant, et vadant ad Colimbriam cum libertate per diem, et per noctem, quando meliùs velint aut nolint, emant et vendant sine <b><a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/09/fuero-de-alboacem.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">pecho</a></b>, tali pacto quòd non vadant foras de nostras terras sine nostro <u>aparazmo</u>, et benè velle; et quia sic volumus, et ut omnes sciant, facio cartam salvo conducto, et do Christianis ut habeant illam pro suo juzgo, et <span>mostrent</span>, cum Mauri requisiverint ab illis. Et si quis de Sarracenis non sibi observaverit nostrum juzgo in quo fecerit damnum, componant pro suo avere, vel pro sua vita, et sit juzgo de illo, sicut de Christiano usque ad sanguinem et vitam. Fuit facta carta de juzgo, æra de Christianis <b><a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/09/fuero-de-alboacem.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">DCC, LXXII</a>,</b> secundum verò annos Arabum CXXXXVII. Luna XIII. Dulhija <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/09/fuero-de-alboacem.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Alboacem</a>, iben Mahomet Alhamar, iben Tarif rogatu Christianorum firmavi pro more .O. et dederunt pro robore duos æquos optimos, et ego confirmavi totum."</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://bibliotecadigital.jcyl.es/es/consulta/registro.do?id=18893" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Historias de Idacio</a>, etc. fol. 88 et 89.<br />(N. E. Apéndice de <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/09/fuero-de-alboacem.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Carlos Romey</a>, Historia de España etc., traducida por <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/09/fuero-de-alboacem.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">A. Bergnes de las Casas</a>:<br /><br />Texto Original.<br /><br /><a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/09/fuero-de-alboacem.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Alboacem Iben Mahumet Alhamar Iben Tarif</a>, bellator fortis, vincitor Hispaniarum, dominator CABALLARIAE Gothorum, et magnæ litis Roderici. Quoniam nos constituit Alla-Illelah super gentem Nazarat, et fecit me dominatorem Colimb, et omni terræ inter Goadaluam, et Mondecum, et Goadatha, per ubi ESPARTE meum mandum. Ego ordinavi, quod christiani de meas terras PECTEN dupliciter quam Mauri, et de ecclesiis per singulas XXV pesantes de bono argento, et per monasteria PEITEN L pesantes et vispesantes PECTEN CENT santes: et christiani habeant in Colimb suum <u>comiten</u>, (<a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/08/sacramentum-fidelitatem-ermengaudi-i-comitis-urgelli-ad-sallanum-episcopum-urgellensis-anno-m-1000-aut-circiter.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">comitem</a>) et in Goadatha alium comitem de suâ (suam) gente, qui manteneat eos in bono <b>juzgo</b>, secundum solent homines christiani, et isti component <b><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/12/lxi-perg-224-30-noviembre-1149.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">rixas</a></b> inter illos, et non <u>matabunt</u> hominem sine jussu de <u>alcaide</u>, seu <u>aluacile</u> <b>sarraceno.</b> Sed ponent illum APRES de alcaide, et mostrabunt suos <b>juzgos</b>, et ille dicebit: bene est, et matabunt culpatum. In populationibus parvis ponent suos judices, qui regant eos benè, et sine RIXAS. Si autem contingat homo christianus quod <b>matet</b>, vel injuriet hominem <b>Maurum</b>, <u>aluacir</u> seu alcaide faciat de illo secundum <b>juzgo</b> de <b>Mauris</b>; si christianus <u>esforciaverit</u> sarracenam virginem, sit <b>Maurus</b> et recepiat illam, sin <u>matent</u> eum; si fuerit de <u>marito</u> matent eum; si christianus fuerit ad <u><a href="https://www.mallorca-experte.net/cala-mesquida/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">mesquidam</a></u> vel dixerit male de Allah, vel <u>Mahamet</u>, fiant Maurus, sin matent eum. <b>Bispi</b> (episcopo: bisbe: vespe: obispo) de christianis non maledicant <b>reges</b> <b>Maurorum</b>, sin moriantur. <u>Presbyteri</u> non faciat suas missas, nisi <u>portis</u> <u>cerratis</u>, sin PIETEN X pesantes argenti: monasteria quæ sunt in meo mando habeant sua bona in pace, et PECHEN prædictos L pesantes. Monasterium de Montanis, qui dicitur <u>Laurbano</u> non PECHE nullo pesante, quoniam bona intentione <u>mostrant</u> mihi loca de suis venatis, <b>E</b> faciunt Sarracenis bona ACOLHENZA, et nunquam invenit falsum, neque malum animum in illis, qui morant ibi, et totas suas hæreditates possideant cum pace, et bona quiete, sine rixe et sine vexatione, neque FORCIA de Mauris, et veniant et vadant ad <b><a href="https://www.uc.pt/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Colimbriam</a></b> cum libertate per diem, et per noctem, quando melius velint aut nolint, emant et vendant sine PECHO, tali pacto quod non vadant foras de nostras terras sine nostro <u>aparazmo</u>, et benè velle; et quia sic volumus, et ut omnes sciant, facio kartam salvo conducto, et do christianis ut habeant illam pro suo juzgo, et <span>mostrent</span> cum Mauri requisiverint ab illis. Et si quis de Sarracenis non sibi observaverit nostrum juzgo in quo fecerit damnum, componant pro suo avere, vel pro sua vita, et sit juzgo de illo sicut de christiano usque ad sanguinem et vitam. Fuit facta karta de juzgo æra de christianis DCCLXXII, secundum vero annos Arabum CXXXXVII, Luna XIII, Dulbija. Alboacem iben Mahomet Alhamar iben Tarif rogatu christianorum firmavi pro more .O. (puntos elevados) et dederunt pro robore duos equos optimos, et ego confirmavi totum.<br />Extracto de la Monarchia Lusitana de Brito, II part., fol., 288 et seq.<br /><br /><a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/09/fuero-de-alboacem.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Fuero de Alboacem</a>.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br />“Un autor arábigo, dice un autor moderno, conservó uno de aquellos convenios (entre vencedores y vencidos), y es el que un oficial árabe, llamado <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/09/fuero-de-alboacem.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Alboacem Ibn Mohamed Alhamar</a>, hizo con la ciudad de Coimbra.”<br />Pero no lo hay semejante, ni en los historiadores nacionales de la conquista, ni en colección diplomática arábiga. Con efecto, no es autor arábigo el conservador del ordenamiento de Coimbra, pues estuvo antes archivado en la abadía de Lorbao, en Portugal, y se publicó al pronto en la Monarchia Lusitana, Lisboa 1609, en 4.°, part. II, p. 288- 289: después con erratas por Sandoval, Historia de los cinco obispos, Pamplona 1615, p. 88 y siguientes. En fin, Mr. Reynouard la sacó de nuevo a luz, por Sandoval, en sus Selectas de poesías originales de los Trobadores, París 1816, t. I, pág. 11. Es monumento de entidad filológica, aunque no histórica, y que bajo este título merece tener aquí su lugar, si bien todo está manifestando que no es con mucho tan antiguo como la fecha equivocada que trae lo dio a entender a Mr. Reynouard (véase cuanto se dijo sobre este punto).<br /><br /><a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/09/fuero-de-alboacem.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Traducción del fuero de Alboacem</a>.<br /><br />"<a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/09/fuero-de-alboacem.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Alboacem Ibn Mohamet Alhamar Ibn Tarif</a>, guerrero poderoso, vencedor de las Españas, arrollador de la caballería goda y de la gran liga de Rodrigo. Habiéndome puesto al frente de la nación <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/09/fuero-de-alboacem.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">nazarat</a>, y habiéndome constituido gobernador de Colimb y de todo el territorio entre <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/09/fuero-de-alboacem.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Goadalva</a>, <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/09/fuero-de-alboacem.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Mondeco</a> y <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/09/fuero-de-alboacem.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Goadatha</a>, que abarca mi mando, he dispuesto lo siguiente:<br />pagarán los Cristianos de mis tierras tributo doble que los Moros. Pagarán las iglesias veinte y cinco piezas de plata fina por la que fuere más ordinaria, cincuenta por cada monasterio, y ciento por la catedral. Tendrán los Cristianos en Colimb un conde de su nación, y otro en Goadatha, quienes los gobernarán con arreglo a las leyes y costumbres cristianas, y sentenciarán las desavenencias que sobrevinieren entre ellos: mas a ninguno darán muerte sin disposición del alcaide o del alvacir sarraceno, ante el cual traerán al reo, manifestando sus leyes; dirá el alcaide me conformo, y matarán al culpado.<br />En las poblaciones cortas tendrán los Cristianos sus jueces que los gobiernen debidamente y sin contiendas. Si acaeciere que un Cristiano mate o insulte a un Moro, obrarán el alvacir o el alcaide según las leyes de los Moros. Si algún Cristiano atropellare a una doncella sarracena, tendrá que hacerse moro y desposarse con ella, y si no, se le matará; si es casada, se matará al reo.<br />Si un Cristiano entra en una mezquita, y si dice mal sea de Alá, o sea de Mahoma, tendrá que hacerse moro, ú debe morir. Los obispos de los Cristianos nunca han de zaherir a los reyes moros, y en tal caso, han de fenecer. Los clérigos no dirán misa sino a puertas cerradas, y de lo contrario, pagarán diez piezas de plata. Los monasterios comprendidos en mi jurisdicción disfrutarán en paz sus haciendas, pagando las cincuenta piezas sobredichas. El monasterio de la serranía, llamado Laurbao, nada pagará, por cuanto los monjes me suelen mostrar gustosos sus cazaderos, acogen a los Sarracenos, y nunca he cogido en fraude ni en maldad a los domiciliados en aquel convento; y así seguirán conservando sus fincas sin padecer tropelía ni violencia de parte de los Moros. Serán árbitros de ir y venir a Colimb de día y de noche según les plazca; y tendrán también el desahogo de vender y comprar sin pecha alguna, con tal que no salgan de nuestro territorio sin nuestra anuencia. Y por cuanto es esta nuestra voluntad, para que todos se enteren, otorgo el presente salvoconducto a los Cristianos para que lo tengan por una de sus leyes, y lo manifiesten cuantas veces lo requieran los Moros; y en caso de haber algún Sarraceno que se desentienda de cumplirlo, se le juzgará hasta costarle sangre y vida como a cualquier Cristiano. Este fuero de justicia se hizo en la era de los Cristianos, el año 772, y según los años de los Árabes, el 13 de la luna de djulhedja de 147. <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2023/09/fuero-de-alboacem.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Yo Alboacem iben Mahomet Alhamar iben Tarif</a>, a instancia de los Cristianos, firmo según costumbre (puntos elevados) .O. habiéndome dado en ratificación dos hermosos caballos, y lo confirmo todo.<br /><br />La diferencia principal entre Brito y Sandoval estriba en que el uno trae al principio dominator <u>caballariæ</u> Gothorum, y el otro dominator <b>Cantabriae</b> Gothorum; pero este último giro está positivamente equivocado, puesto que el mismo Sandoval dice al traducir (p. 89) domador de la caballería de los Godos.<br />Hemos rayado (mayúsculas), a ejemplo de Mr. Reynouard, las voces del texto original que corresponden directamente a la lengua <b>romana</b>, (romance) como e, y, conjunción; esparte, se extiende; pecten, peiten, paguen; peche, pague; cent, ciento; apres, junto, acolhenza, acogida, etc. Hemos añadido caballería, forcia, esforciaverit. - Se advertirá el modo con que el Wad de los Árabes se expresa en aquel latín bárbaro, modo idéntico con el prohijado por los Castellanos, que trasladan la waw arábiga, como ya se ha visto, con las letras gu, que vienen a sonar como la waw, la cual se suele pronunciar en arábigo como una w doble y gutural o aspirada. Así pues Goadalva es el Alva, Goadatha el Águeda, que desaguan, el primero en el Mondego, y el segundo en el Duero, al nordeste y al norte de Coimbra. En cuanto a la fecha del acta, advertiremos, lo que no parece se haya notado por otros, que el año 147 de la hégira medió entre el 9 de marzo de <b>764</b> y el 25 de febrero de <b>765</b>, y no cuadra por consiguiente, como lo expresa el diploma, con el año de <b>772</b>, ni de la era de Jesucristo ni de la de España, que corresponde al de Jesucristo de <b>734</b>. <u>Añádanse tres siglos a esta fecha</u>, y se tendrá <u>tal vez la verdadera</u> del acta, auténtica al parecer en parte, y adulterada y viciada indudablemente en parte; teniendo con efecto poco que extrañar el que un walí árabe haya otorgado en 447 de la hégira (1055) un fuero de resguardo a los moradores de la provincia de Coimbra, en recordando los vaivenes de aquel pueblo, tomado contra los Árabes por Alfonso el Católico, recobrado por Almanzor en 987, yermo luego por siete años, reedificado después por los Ismaelitas, quienes lo habitaron setenta años, hasta que Fernando I, hijo de Sancho el Grande, lo tomó el VIII de las calendas de agosto del año 1064.)<br /><br /></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">INDEX.</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br />Tome 1:</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/09/recherches-origine-formation-langue-romane-grammaire-avant-an-1000.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Recherches</a></span></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="break-before: page; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/09/grammaire-langue-romane-chapitre-1.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Chapitre 1</span></a></p><p align="LEFT" style="break-before: page; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/09/chapitre-2-substantifs-grammaire-langue-romane.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Chapitre 2 - Substantifs</span></a></p><p align="LEFT" style="break-before: page; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/09/adjectifs-chapitre-3-grammaire-langue-romane.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Chapitre 3 - Adjectifs</span></a></p><p align="LEFT" style="break-before: page; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/09/chapitre-iv-pronoms.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Chapitre 4 - Pronoms</span></a></p><p align="LEFT" style="break-before: page; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="break-before: page; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/09/chapitre-v-noms-de-nombres.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Chapitre 5 - noms de nombres</span></a></p><p align="LEFT" style="break-before: page; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/09/chapitre-vi-verbes.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Chapitre 6 - Verbes</span></a></p><p align="LEFT" style="break-before: page; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/09/chapitre-vii-adverbes-prepositions.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Chapitre 7 - Adverbes, Prépositions, Conjonctions</span></a></p><p align="LEFT" style="break-before: page; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/09/chapitre-8-locutions-particulieres-idiotismes-langue-romane.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Chapitre 8 - Idiotismes</span></a></p><p align="LEFT" style="break-before: page; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/09/appendice-manuscrits.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span>Appendice - manuscrits</span></a><br /><br />Tome 2:<br /><br /><a href="https://choixpoesies.blogspot.com/2023/09/tome-2-dissertations-troubadours-cours-amour.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Dissertations troubadours</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/09/tome-2-des-cours-d-amour.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Des cours d</a><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">'</span><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/09/tome-2-des-cours-d-amour.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"> amour</a></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="break-before: page; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/09/monuments-de-la-langue-romane.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Monuments de la langue romane</span></a></p><p align="LEFT" style="break-before: page; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/09/monuments-langue-romane-depuis-842-jusqu.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Monuments langue romane depuis 842</span></a></p><p align="LEFT" style="break-before: page; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/09/actes-titres-960-environ-comtes-carcassonne-vicomtes-beziers-foix-castelbon-bearn-bigorre-marsan-gavardan-rodez-armagnac-albret-rois-navarre.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Actes titres 960</span></a></p><p align="LEFT" style="break-before: page; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/09/la-nobla-leyczon-poesies-des-vaudois.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La nobla leyczon - Poésies des Vaudois</span></a></p><p align="LEFT" style="break-before: page; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/la-barca.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">La Barca</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/lo-novel-sermon.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Lo novel Sermon</a></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="break-before: page; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/lo-novel-confort.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo novel Confort</span></a></p><p align="LEFT" style="break-before: page; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/lo-payre-eternal.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo payre eternal</span></a></p><p align="LEFT" style="break-before: page; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/lo-despreczi-del-mont.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo despreczi del mont</span></a></p><p align="LEFT" style="break-before: page; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/avangeli-evangeli-quatre-semen.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Avangeli quatre semencz</span></a></p><p align="LEFT" style="break-before: page; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/manuscrit-abbaye-saint-martial-limoges-.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Diverses fragments manuscrit Abbaye Saint-Martial Limoges</span></a></p><p align="LEFT" style="break-before: page; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/genres-poesies-troubadours.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Genres poésies</span></a></p><p align="LEFT" style="break-before: page; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="break-before: page; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tome 3:</span></p><p align="LEFT" style="break-before: page; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/tome-troisieme-pieces-amoureuses-comte-poitiers.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Comte de Poitiers</span></a></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/guiraud-le-roux.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Guiraud le Roux</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/rambaud-orange.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Rambaud d' Orange</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/la-comtesse-de-die-dia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Comtesse de Die, Dia</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/pierre-rogiers-peire-rotgiers.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Pierre Rogiers, Peire Rotgiers</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/bernatz-ventadorn-bernard-ventadour.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Bernatz de Ventadorn, Bernard de Ventadour</a></span></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/geoffroi-rudel-jaufre-rudel-de-blaye.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Geoffroi Rudel, Jaufre Rudel de Blaye, Blaia</span></a></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/augier-guilhem-guillem-augier-novella.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Augier - Guilhem - Guillem - Novella - Ogier</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/cabestaing-cabestany-guillaume-guillem-guilhem.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Cabestaing, Cabestany, Guillaume, Guillem, Guilhem</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/alfonse-ii-roi-aragon-alfonso-2-rey-per-mantas-guizas-m-es-datz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Alfonse II Roi Aragon - Alfonso II</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/peire-ramon-tolosa-toloza-pierre-raimond-toulouse.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Peire Ramon Tolosa, Toloza, Pierre Raimond Toulouse</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/guillaume-de-beziers.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Guillaume de Beziers</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/bertrand-de-born.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Bertrand de Born</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/folquet-de-marseille-fulco-foulques.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Folquet de Marseille, Fulco, Foulques</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/albert-marquis-de-malespine-albertet.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Albert, marquis de Malespine, Albertet</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/gavaudan-le-vieux-gavaudas.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Gavaudan le vieux</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://choixpoesies.blogspot.com/2023/10/pons-de-capdueil-capduelh-capduoill.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Pons de Capdueil, Capduelh, Capduoill</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://choixpoesies.blogspot.com/2023/10/arnaud-de-marueil-arnaut-de-mareuil.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Arnaud de Marueil</a>, <a href="https://choixpoesies.blogspot.com/2023/10/arnaud-de-marueil-arnaut-de-mareuil.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Arnaut de Mareuil</a>. <a href="https://choixpoesies.blogspot.com/2023/10/arnaud-de-marueil-arnaut-de-mareuil.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Maruelh</a>, <a href="https://choixpoesies.blogspot.com/2023/10/arnaud-de-marueil-arnaut-de-mareuil.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Marolh</a>, <a href="https://choixpoesies.blogspot.com/2023/10/arnaud-de-marueil-arnaut-de-mareuil.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Marol</a>, <a href="https://choixpoesies.blogspot.com/2023/10/arnaud-de-marueil-arnaut-de-mareuil.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Maroill</a>, <a href="https://choixpoesies.blogspot.com/2023/10/arnaud-de-marueil-arnaut-de-mareuil.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Maruoill</a>, <a href="https://choixpoesies.blogspot.com/2023/10/arnaud-de-marueil-arnaut-de-mareuil.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Meruoill</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/pistoleta.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Pistoleta</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/berenguer-de-palasol-berenguer.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Berenguer de Palasol, Palazol, Palol, Palou, Palafolls</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/pierre-de-barjac-peire-de-barjac.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Pierre de Barjac, Peire de Barjac</a></span></p><p><a href="https://choixpoesies.blogspot.com/2023/10/cadenet.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cadenet</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/sail-de-scola-salh-sail-saill-ecole.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sail, Salh, Saill, Scola, Escola, École, Bergerac</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/rambaud-de-vaqueiras-raimbaut.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Rambaud, Vaqueiras, Raimbaut de Vacqueyras</span></a></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/pons-ponc-garda-guardia-saguardia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Pons, Ponç de la Garda</a>, <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/pons-ponc-garda-guardia-saguardia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Guardia</a>, <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/pons-ponc-garda-guardia-saguardia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Saguardia</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/peyrols-peirols-peirol.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Peyrols, Peirols, Peirol</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/gaucelm-faidit.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Gaucelm Faidit</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/guillaume-de-saint-didier-leidier.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Guillaume de Saint-Didier, Guillem de Sant Leidier</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/guiraud-giraud-guiraut-giraut-girautz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Guiraud, Giraud, Guiraut, Giraut, Girautz de Borneil, Bornelh, Bornelh, Borneill, Bornell, Borneil, Borneyll</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/hugues-uc-nuc-brunet-brunec-brunenc.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Hugues, Uc, Nuc - Brunet, Brunec, Brunenc</a></span></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/pierre-vidal-peire-vidal-vidals.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Peire Vidal, Pierre Vidal</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/pierre-peire-d-alvernha-alverne.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Peire, Pierre; Alvernha, Alverne, Auvergne</span></a></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/uc-hugues-saint-cyr-circ-1213-1257.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Uc, Hugues, Saint Cyr, Circ</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/claire-clara-anduse-anduze-anduza.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Clara, Claire; Anduse, Anduze, Anduza</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/blacas-blacatz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Blacas, Blacatz</a><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/uc-bacalaria.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Uc de La Bacalaria</a>, <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/uc-bacalaria.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Hugues de La Bachelerie, Bachellerie</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/perdigon-perdigo.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Perdigon, Perdigo</a>.<br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/elias-de-barjols.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Elias de Barjols</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/raimond-de-miravals-miraval-miravalh.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Raimond de Miravals, Miraval, Miravalh</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/aubert-audebert-jausbert-josbert-gausbert-monge-puicibot-.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Lo monge de Puicibot, Puycibot</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://choixpoesies.blogspot.com/2023/10/la-dame-casteloze-na-castelloza.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Na Castelloza, La Dame Casteloze</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/marcabrus-marcabruns-marcabrun-marcabrunela.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Marcabrus, Marcabruns, Marcabrun (fill de Marcabrunela)</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/gui-uisel.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Gui d' Uisel</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/aimeri-aimeric-de-sarlat.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Aimeric, Aimeri de Sarlat</a></span></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/giraud-guiraut-de-calanson-calanso.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Giraud, Guiraut de Calanson, Calanso</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/giraud-giraut-guiraut-salignac-salinhac.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Giraud, Giraut, Guiraut, Salignac, Salinhac</span></a></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/raimond-raymond-ramon-ramon-vidal.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Raimond, Raymond, Ramon, Ramon, Vidal.</a> de Besalú</span></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/deudes-daude-prades-pradas.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Deudes, Daude, Prades, Pradas</span></a></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/guillem-magret-guillaume-maigret.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Guillem Magret, Guillaume Maigret</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/aimeri-aimeric-peguilain-peguilhan.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Aimeri, Aimeric, Peguilain, Peguilhan</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/elias-cairels-carirel-cayrel.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Elias Cairels, Cairel, Cayrel</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/pierre-cardinal-peire-cardenal-cardinal.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Pierre Cardinal, Peire Cardenal, Cardinal</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/sordel-sordello-goito-goit.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Sordel, Sordello, Goito, Goit (italiá)</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/le-moine-de-montaudon.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Le moine de Montaudon</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/richard-de-barbezieux.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Richard de Barbezieux</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/blacasset.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Blacasset</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/giraud-riquier-guirautz-riquiers.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Giraud Riquier, Guirautz Riquiers</a> </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tome 4:<br /><br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" lang="es-ES" style="break-before: page; line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Des Tensons, des Complaintes historiques, des pièces sur les Croisades, des Sirventes historiques, des Sirventes divers, et des pièces Morales et Religieuses.<br /><br /></span></span></p><p align="LEFT" lang="es-ES" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">TENSONS.<br /><br />I.<br /><br />Senher <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/rambaud-orange.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Raymbautz</a>, per vezer<br />De vos lo conort e 'l solatz<br />Suy sai vengutz tost e viatz,<br />Mais qu' ieu no suy per vostr' aver;<br />E vuelh saber, quan m' en irai,<br />Cum es de vos ni cossi us vai,<br />Qu' enqueron m' en lai entre nos.<br /><br />Tant ai de sen e de saber,<br />E suy tan savis e membratz,<br />Quant aurai vostres faitz guardatz,<br />Qu' al partir en sabrai lo ver:<br />S' es tals lo guaps cum hom retrai,<br />O si n' es tant, o meinhs o mai,<br />Cum aug dir ni comtar de vos.<br /><br />Gardatz vos que us sapchatz tener<br />En aisso qu' eras comensatz;<br />Quar hom, on plus aut es puiatz,<br />Plus bas <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=caure" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">chai</a>, si s laissa <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=caure" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">chazer</a>:<br />Pueys dizon tug que mal l' estai,<br />Per que fes, pus era non fai,<br />Qu' eras non te condug ni dos.<br /><br />Qu' ab pro manjar et ab jazer<br />Pot hom estar suau malvatz;<br />Mas de grans afans es <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=carregat" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">carguatz</a><br />Selh que bon pretz vol mantener;<br />Cove que s percas sai e lai<br />E <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2023/09/actes-titres-960.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">tolha</a> e do, si cum s' eschai,<br />Quan ve que es luecx ni sazos.<br /><br />D' aisso vuelh que digatz lo ver<br />S' auretz nom drutz o molheratz,<br />O per qual seretz apelatz,<br />O 'ls <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/06/tomo-ii-continuacion-i.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">volretz</a> amdos retener:<br />Veiaire m' es, al sen qu' ieu ai,<br />dic, quar ben o sai,<br />Per so us o dic, quar ben o sai,<br />Qu' a dreg los auretz ambedos.<br /><br />Si voletz el segle parer,<br />Siatz en luec folhs ab los fatz:<br />Et aqui meteys vos sapchatz<br />Ab los savis gen captener;<br />Qu' aissi s cove qu' om los assai,<br />Ab ira 'ls us, l' autres ab jai,<br />Ab mal los mals, ab ben los bos.<br /><br />No us fassatz de sen trop temer,<br />Per qu' om diga: trop es senatz;<br />Qu' en tal luec vos valra foldatz<br />On sens no us poiria valer.<br />Tan quant auretz pel saur ni bai,<br />E 'l cor aissi <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=coindeta" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">coindet</a> e <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=gay" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">gai</a>,<br />Grans sens no us er honors ni pros.<br /><br />Senher Rambautz, ieu m' en irai,<br />Mas vostre respost auzirai,<br />Si us platz, ans que m parta de vos.<br /><br /><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span> <span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span> <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/pierre-rogiers-peire-rotgiers.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Pierre Rogiers</a>.<br /></span></p><p align="LEFT" style="background-color: white; break-before: page; color: #222222; line-height: 19.8px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; color: #222222; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><div class="google-auto-placed" style="background-color: white; clear: both; color: #222222; height: auto; text-align: center; width: 570px;"><ins class="adsbygoogle adsbygoogle-noablate" data-ad-client="ca-pub-7445886997317547" data-ad-format="auto" data-ad-status="unfilled" data-adsbygoogle-status="done" style="background-color: transparent; display: block; height: 0px; margin: 10px auto;"><div aria-label="Advertisement" id="aswift_1_host" style="background-color: transparent; border: none; display: inline-block; height: 0px; margin: 0px; opacity: 0; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; position: relative; visibility: visible; width: 570px;" tabindex="0" title="Advertisement"><span style="font-family: verdana; 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border-width: 0px; height: 0px; left: 0px; position: absolute; top: 0px; width: 570px;" vspace="0" width="570"></iframe></span></div></ins></div><p align="LEFT" lang="es-ES" style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">II.<br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/pierre-rogiers-peire-rotgiers.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Peire Rogiers</a>, a trassaillir<br />M' er per vos los ditz e 'ls covens<br />Qu' ieu ai a mi dons, totz dolens<br />De chantar, que m cugei sofrir;<br />E pus sai etz a mi vengutz,<br />Chantarai, si m n' ai estat mutz,<br />Que non vuelh remaner cofes.<br /><br />Mout vos dei lauzar e grazir,<br />Quar anc vos venc cor ni talens<br />De saber mos captenemens:<br />E vuelh que m sapchatz alques dir;<br />E ja l' avers no m sia escutz,<br />S' ieu suy avols ni recrezutz,<br />Que pel ver non passetz ades.<br /><br />Quar qui per aver vol mentir,<br />Aquelh lauzars es blasmamens,<br />E torn en mals ensenhamens,<br />E s fai als autres escarnir;<br />Qu' en digz non es bos pretz saubutz,<br />Mas als fagz es reconogutz,<br />E pels fagz ven lo dir apres.<br /><br />Per me voletz mon nom auzir,<br />Quals suy o drutz; er clau las dens,<br />Qu' ades pueia mos pessamens<br />On plus de prion m' o cossir.<br />E dic vos ben qu' ieu no sui drutz,<br />Tot per so quar no sui volgutz;<br />Mas ben am, sol mi dons m' ames!<br /><br />Peire Rogiers, cum puesc sufrir<br />Qu' ades am aissi solamens?<br />Meravil me si viu de vens;<br />Tort ai, si m fai mi dons murir,<br />S' ieu muer per lieys, farai vertutz;<br />Per qu' ieu cre que, si fos perdutz,<br />Dreg agra que plus m' azires.<br /><br />Ara 'l ven en cor que m' azir,<br />Mas ja fo, qu' er autres sos sens,<br />Qu' aitals es sos captenemens;<br />Per qu' ieu lo y dei tos temps grazir,<br />Sol pel ben que m n' es escazutz.<br />Ja, no m' en vengues mais salutz,<br />Li dei tos temps estar als pes.<br /><br />Si m volgues sol tan consentir<br />Qu' ieu tos temps fos sos entendens,<br />Ab bels digz n' estera jauzens,<br />E fera m senes fag jauzir;<br />E deuria n' esser cregutz,<br />Qu' ieu non quier tan que m fos crezutz<br />Mas d' un bon respieg don visques.<br /><br />Bon Respieg, d' aut bas son cazutz;<br />E si no m recep sa vertutz,<br />Per cosselh li do que m pendes.<br /><br /><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span> <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/rambaud-orange.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Rambaud d' Orange</a>.</span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br />Index de Tensons:<br /><br /><a href="https://choixpoesies.blogspot.com/2023/10/amicx-bernartz-del-ventadorn.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">III, IV, Amicx Bernartz del Ventadorn</a>.<br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/v-ara-m-digatz-rambautz-si-vos-agrada.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">V, Ara m digatz Rambautz si vos agrada</a>,<br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/vi-gaucelm-faiditz-ieu-vos-deman.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">VI, Gaucelm Faiditz ieu vos deman</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/vii-perdigons-vostre-sen-digatz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">VII, Perdigons, vostre sen digatz</a>,<br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/viii-n-uc-de-la-bachallaria-cosselhatz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">VIII, N Uc de la Bachallaria</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ix-gausselm-no-m-puesc-estener.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">IX, Gausselm no m puesc estener</a>,<br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/x-n-elias-conseill-vos-deman.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">X, N Elias conseill vos deman</a>, <br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xi-peire-vidal-pois-far-m-aven-tenson.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XI, Peire Vidal, pois far m' aven tenson</a>,<br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xii-en-raymbautz-ses-saben.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XII, XII, En Raymbautz, ses saben</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xiii-senher-blacatz-de-domna-pro.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XIII, Senher Blacatz, de domna pro</a>,<br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xiv-gui-d-uiselh-be-m-peza-de-vos.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XIV, Gui Uiselh be m peza de vos</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xv-digatz-bertrans-de-san-felitz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XV, Digatz, Bertrans de San Felitz</a></span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xvi-us-amicx-et-un-amia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XVI, Us amicx et un' amia,</a><br /><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xvii-amicx-n-albertz-tensos-soven.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XVII, Amicx N Albertz, tensos soven</a> <br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xviii-monges-digatz-segon-vostra-sciensa.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XVIII, Monges, digatz, segon vostra sciensa</a><br /><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xix-l-autr-ier-fuy-en-paradis.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XIX, L' autr' ier fuy en paradis,</a><br /><br /></span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xx-autra-vetz-fuy-parlamen.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XX, Autra vetz fuy a parlamen</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"></span></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Complaintes Historiques.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">I.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quascus plor e' <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=planh" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">planh</a> son <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/gaucelm-faidit.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">dampnatge</a>,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sa <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/rambaud-de-vaqueiras-raimbaut.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">malanansa</a> e sa dolor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas ieu las! n' ai en mon <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=coratge" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">coratge</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tan gran ira e tan gran <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=tristor" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">tristor</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que ja, mos jorns, planh ni <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=plorat" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">plorat</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non aurai lo valen <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=prezat" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">prezat</a>,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo pros Vescomte, que <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=mortz" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">mortz</a> es,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/guillaume-de-beziers.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Bezers</a>, l' ardit e 'l <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=cortes" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">cortes</a>,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo gai e 'l mielh adreg e 'l <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=bon" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">bon</a>,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l melhor cavallier del <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=mon" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">mon</a>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mort l' an, et anc tan gran otratge</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No vi hom, ni tan gran error</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mais far, ni tan gran estranhatge</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De dieu et a nostre senhor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum an fag <a href="http://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/11/manuel-riu-fillat-insulte-amics-del-chapurriau-ignacio-sorolla-vidal-lo-apoye.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">li can renegat</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del fals <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/07/associacio-catalanista-matarranya-ascuma-calaceite-teruel.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">linhatge de Pilat</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que l' an mort; e pus dieus mort pres</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per nos a salvar, semblans es</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De lui, qu' es passatz al sieu pon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per los sieus estorser laon.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mil cavallier de gran linhatge</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E mil dompnas de gran valor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Iran per la sua mort a ratge,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mil borzes e mil servidor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que totz foran gent heretat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si 'lh visques, e ric et honrat:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ar es mortz, ai dieus! quals dans es!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Guardatz quals etz ni quo us es pres,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni selhs qui l' an mort qui ni don,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' eras no ns acuelh ni ns respon.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A senhor tan fort deu salvatge</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Esser, al gran et al menor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quan del sieu honrat senhoratge</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nos membrara e de l' honor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que ns fetz et de la fezautat</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vas selhs qu' eron a mort jutjat:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ar es mortz, ai dieus! quals dans es!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=caitieu" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Caitieu</a>, cum em tug a mal mes!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vas qual part tenrem, ni ves on</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Penrem port, tot lo cor m' en fon!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ric cavallier, ric de <a href="https://llengua-valenciana.blogspot.com/2021/06/capitol-xcviii-gloriosa-magdalena-lancant-arreus-plora-cor-peccats.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">linatge</a>,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ric per erguelh, ric per valor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ric per sen, ric per vassallatge,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ric per dar e bon servidor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ric d' erguelh, ric d' umilitat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ric de sen e ric de foldat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Belhs e bos, complitz de totz bes,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Anc no fo <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/12/carlos-rallo-badet-calaseit-disenado-coches.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">nulhs hom</a> que us valgues;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Perdut avem en vos la fon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don tug veniam jauzion.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Selh dieu prec que fetz <a href="https://regnemallorca.blogspot.com/2021/09/cien-nombres-dios-cent-noms-deu-1-19.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">trinitat</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De se mezeis en deitat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el cel, on lo maior gaugz es,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Meta l' arma, e non li pes,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et a totz selhs qui pregatz son</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De son ben soccor' et aon.</span></p><p><span style="white-space: pre;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"> </span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Guillaume, moine de Beziers.<br /><br /><a href="https://www.persee.fr/doc/ccmed_0007-9731_1968_num_11_44_1461" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://www.persee.fr/doc/ccmed_0007-9731_1968_num_11_44_1461</a><br /><br /><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Viscounts_of_B%C3%A9ziers" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Viscounts_of_B%C3%A9ziers<br /></a><br /><br />Index:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/mon-chan-fenisc-dol-maltraire.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">II, mon chan fenisc ab dol et ab maltraire</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/iii-si-cum-sel-qu-es-tan-grevatz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">III, Si cum sel qu es tan grevatz</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/iv-fortz-chauza-es-que-tot-lo-maior-dan.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">IV, Fortz chauza es, que tot lo maior dan</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/v-cascus-hom-deu-conoisser-et-entendre.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">V, Cascus hom deu conoisser et entendre</a><br /></span><br /></span></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/vi-ailas-per-que-viu-lonjamen-ni-dura.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VI, Ailas! per que viu lonjamen ni dura</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/vii-era-par-ben-que-valors-se-desfai.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VII, Era par ben que valors se desfai,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/viii-anc-non-cugey-que-m-pogues-oblidar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VIII, Anc non cugey que m pogues oblidar</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/belh-senher-dieus-quo.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">IX, Belh senher dieus, quo pot esser sufritz</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/planher-vuelh-en-blacatz-en-aquest-leugier-so.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">X, Planher vuelh En Blacatz en aquest leugier so,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/molt-mes-greu-d-en-sordel-quar-l-es-falhitz-sos-sens.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XI, Molt mes greu d' En Sordel, quar l' es falhitz sos sens,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/pus-partit-an-lo-cort-en-sordel-bertrans.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XII, Pus partit an lo cor En Sordel e 'N Bertrans</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xiii-ab-marrimen-et-ab-mala-sabensa.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XIII, Ab marrimen et ab mala sabensa</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xiv-razos-non-es-que-hom-deya-chantar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XIV, Razos non es que hom deya chantar</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xv-ples-de-tristor-marritz-e-doloiros.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XV, Ples de tristor, marritz e doloiros</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xvi-aissi-quo-l-malanans.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XVI, Aissi quo 'l malanans,</span></a></p><p style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"></span></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xvii-planhen-ploran-ab-desplazer.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XVII, Planhen, ploran ab desplazer</span></a></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pièces sur les croisades.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">I.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus de chantar m' es pres talens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Farai un vers don sui dolens;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non serai mais obediens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/tome-troisieme-pieces-amoureuses-comte-poitiers.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Peytau</a> ni de Lemozi.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2018/04/abc-espana-aragon-chapurriau-lengua-mana.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ieu m' en anarai en eyssilh</a>;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Laissarai en guerra mon filh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En gran <a href="https://beceite.blogspot.com/2017/02/puje-lo-dorondon-puje-la-broma-puje-la.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">paor</a> et en perilh;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E faran li mal siey vezi.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus lo partirs m' es aitan grieus</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del seignoratge de <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/tome-troisieme-pieces-amoureuses-comte-poitiers.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Peytieus</a>,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En garda de Falco d' Angieus</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lais ma terra e son cozi.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si Falco d' <a href="https://recherchesfrance.blogspot.com/2023/07/6-27-pretensions-seconde-famille-anjou-royaume-naples-ruineux-voyages.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Angieus</a> no 'lh secor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l reys de cui ieu tenc m' onor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mal li faran tug li pluzor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el veyran <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/09/tomas-bosque-la-codonera-teruel-arago.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">jovenet meschi</a>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si molt non es <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=Saputo" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">savis e pros</a>,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quant ieu serai partit de vos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tost l' auran abayssat en jos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fello Guasco et <a href="https://recherchesfrance.blogspot.com/2023/07/6-27-pretensions-seconde-famille-anjou-royaume-naples-ruineux-voyages.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Angevi</a>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De proeza e de valor fui,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mais ara <a href="http://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/11/manuel-riu-fillat-insulte-amics-del-chapurriau-ignacio-sorolla-vidal-lo-apoye.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">nos partem abdui</a>;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ieu vauc m' en lay a selui</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On merce clamon <a href="https://beceite.blogspot.com/2017/04/carlos-fontanet-pelegri-le-hace-otro.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">pelegri</a>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aissi lais tot quant amar suelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cavalairia et orguelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vauc m' en lay, ses tot destuelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On li peccador penran fi.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Merce quier a mon companho,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S' and li fi tort, que lo m perdo,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ieu prec ne Jeshu del tro</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et en <b><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/09/choix-poesies-originales-troubadours-introduction.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">romans</a></b> et en <u>lati</u>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mout ai estat cuendes e gais,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas nostre seingner no 'l vol mais;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ar non posc plus soffrir lo fais,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant soi apropchatz de la fi.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Totz mos amicx prec a la mort</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' il vengan tuit al meu conort,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ancse amey joi e <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=deport" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">deport</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Luenh de me et en mon aizi.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aissi guerpisc joy et deport</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E var e gris e sembeli.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/tome-troisieme-pieces-amoureuses-comte-poitiers.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Comte de Poitiers</a>.<br /><br />//<br /><br />Index.<br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ii-senhors-per-los-nostres-peccatz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">II, senhors per los nostres peccatz</a></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/iii-en-honor-del-paire-en-cui-es.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">III, En honor del Paire en cui es</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/iv-er-nos-sia-capdelhs-e-guerentia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">IV, Er nos sia capdelhs e guerentia</a></span></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/v-so-qu-hom-plus-vol-e-don-es-plus-cochos.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">V, So qu' hom plus vol e don es plus cochos,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ara-sai-eu-pretz-quals-plus-gran.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VI. Ara sai eu de pretz quals l' a plus gran</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/era-nos-sia-guitz-lo-vers-dieus-iheus-critz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VII, Era nos sia guitz Lo vers dieus Iheus Critz,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/viii-nostre-senher-somonis-el-mezeis.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VIII, Nostre senher somonis el mezeis</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/pus-flum-jordan-ai-vist-monimen.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">IX, Pus flum Jordan ai vist e 'l monimen,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/x-ara-parra-qual-seran-enveios.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">X, Ara parra qual seran enveios</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xi-per-pauc-de-chantar-no-me-lays.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XI, Per pauc de chantar no me lays,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xii-si-m-laissava-de-chantar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XII, Si m laissava de chantar</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xiii-hueimais-no-y-conosc-razo.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XIII, Hueimais no y conosc razo</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xiv-aras-pot-hom-conoisser-e-proar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XIV, Aras pot hom conoisser e proar</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xv-lo-senher-que-formet-lo-tro.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XV, Lo senher que formet lo tro</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xvi-baros-ihesus-qu-en-crotz-fon-mes.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XVI, Baros Ihesus qu' en crotz fon mes</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xvii-bel-m-es-quan-la-roza-floris.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XVII, Bel m' es, quan la roza floris</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/quan-lo-dous-temps-ven-e-vay-la-freydors.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XVIII, Quan lo dous temps ven, e vay la freydors,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xix-totz-hom-qui-ben-comensa-e-ben-fenis.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XIX, Totz hom qui ben comensa e ben fenis</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xx-tornatz-es-en-pauc-de-valor.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XX, Tornatz es en pauc de valor</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxi-emperaire-per-mi-mezeis.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXI, Emperaire, per mi mezeis,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ira-dolor-dins-mon-cor-asseza.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXII, Ira e dolor s' es dins mon cor asseza,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/el-temps-quan-vey-cazer-fuelhas-flors.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXIII, El temps quan vey cazer fuelhas e flors,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxiv-qui-vol-aver-complida-amistansa.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXIV, Qui vol aver complida amistansa</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ab-grans-trebalhs-marrimens.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXV, Ab grans trebalhs et ab grans marrimens</span></a></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sirventes historiques.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">I.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En aquest guai sonet leugier</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Me vuelh en cantan esbaudir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar hom que no s dona alegrier</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No sai que puesc esdevenir;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' ieu me vuelh ab joy tenir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ab <a href="https://tresorfelibrige.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">los pros de Proensa</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui renhan ab conoissensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ab belha captenensa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si qu' om no 'ls en pot escarnir.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De conquerre fin pretz entier</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Agra ieu talen e dezir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si no m' en falhisson denier</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E rendas, don pogues complir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los fagz qu' ieu volgra mantenir;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas pus a dieu non agensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu puesca far gran valensa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Gardar me dei de falhensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al meins, e d' aiso qu' ai servir.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar pretz no demanda ni quier</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab sels qui volen obezir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas tant quant al poder s' afier,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E que hom se guart de falhir;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' aisel que trop vol tenir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A molt petit de sciensa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar l' avers non a valensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas quar hom en trai guirensa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E quar hom s' en pot far grazir.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A l' emperador dreiturier</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://historia.nationalgeographic.com.es/a/federico-ii-hohenstaufen-emperador-que-desafio-papa_15842" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Frederic</a> vuelh mandar e dir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que, si mielhs no mante l' <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/search?q=imperi" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">empier</a>,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Milan lo cuida conquerir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab grans faitz, e fai s' en auzir;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don vos jur per ma crezensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que pauc pretz sa conoissensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E son sen e sa sabensa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S' en breu no l' en sap far pentir.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dona sai ab cors plazentier,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don negus hom no pot mal dir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E no tem gap de lauzengier,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sap los melhors retenir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab honrar et ab aculhir;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tan gen fenis e comensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">So solatz e sa parvensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' en re non hi fai falhensa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et a car nom per encarzir.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Na Johana d' Est agensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A totz los pros, ses falhensa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' ie m vuelh ab los pros tenir.</span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=Ventadour" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Bernard de Ventadour</a>.<br /><br />//<br /><br />Index:<br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ii-un-sirventes-on-motz-non-falh.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">II, Un sirventes on motz non falh</a></span></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/iii-ges-de-far-sirventes-no-m-tartz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">III, Ges de far sirventes no m tartz,</a></span></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/iv-pus-ventedorn-e-comborn-e-segur.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">IV, Pus Ventedorn e Comborn e Segur</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/v-un-sirventes-fatz-dels-malvatz-barons.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">V, Un sirventes fatz dels malvatz barons,</a></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/sirventes-no-qual-far-longor-ganda.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">VI, D' un sirventes no m qual far longor ganda,</a></span></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/lo-coms-mandat-mogut-per-en-ramon-uc-esparro.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VII, Lo coms m' a mandat e mogut,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/viii-rassa-mes-se-son-primier.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VIII, Rassa, mes se son primier</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ix-ges-no-mi-desconort-s-ieu-ai-perdut.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">IX, Ges no mi desconort S' ieu ai perdut,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ieu-chan-reys-preguat.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">X, Ieu chan, qu' el Reys m' en a preguat</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xi-gent-fai-nostre-reis-liouranda.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XI, Gent fai nostre reis liouranda,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xii-pus-lo-gens-terminis-floritz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XII, Pus lo gens terminis floritz</span></a></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xiii-greu-m-es-deisendre-carcol.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XIII, Greu m' es deisendre carcol,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xiv-quan-vey-pels-vergiers-desplegar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XIV, Quan vey pels vergiers desplegar</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xv-pus-li-baron-son-irat-e-lor-peza.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XV, Pus li baron son irat e lor peza</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xvi-al-dous-nou-termini-blanc.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XVI, Al dous nou termini blanc</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xvii-s-ieu-fos-aissi-senhers-e-poderos.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XVII, S' ieu fos aissi senhers e poderos</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/miez-sirventes-vueilh-far-dels-reis-amdos.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XVIII, Miez sirventes vueilh far dels reis amdos,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xix-non-estarai-mon-chantar-non-esparja.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XIX, Non estarai mon chantar non esparja,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xx-quan-la-novella-flors-par-el-verjan.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XX, Quan la novella flors par el verjan</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxi-un-sirventes-farai-novelh-plazen.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXI, Un sirventes farai novelh, plazen</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxii-ja-nuls-hom-pres-non-dira-sa-razon.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXII, Ja nuls hom pres non dira sa razon</a></span></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxiii-del-rei-d-arragon-consir.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXIII, Del rei d' Arragon consir,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/quor-qu-om-trobes-florentis-orgulhos.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXIV, Quor qu' om trobes Florentis orgulhos,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxv-sendatz-vermelhs-endis-e-ros.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXV, Sendatz vermelhs, endis e ros,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxvi-bel-m-es-cant-aug-lo-resso.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXVI, Bel m' es cant aug lo resso</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ab-greu-cossire-fau-sirventes-cozen.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXVII, Ab greu cossire Fau sirventes cozen; Bernard Sicart de Marjevols.</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/foilla-ni-flors-ni-chautz-temps-ni-freidura.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXVIII, Foilla ni flors ni chautz temps ni freidura</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/en-aquell-temps-reys-mori-anfos.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXIX, En aquell temps qu' el reys mori 'N Anfos</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/un-sirventes-faire-es-mos-pessamenz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXX, D' un sirventes faire Es mos pessamenz (Pierre de la Caravane)</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxxi-quant-vei-lo-temps-renovellar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXI, Quant vei lo temps renovellar, (Bertrand de Born, le fils)</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxxii-ja-de-far-un-nou-sirventes.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXII, Ja de far un nou sirventes</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxxiii-ja-no-vuelh-do-ni-esmenda.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXIII, Ja no vuelh do ni esmenda (Bernard de Rovenac)</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/sirventes-grans-volontatz-preza.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXIV, D' un sirventes m' es grans volontatz preza, (Bernard de Rovenac)</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxxv-doas-coblas-farai-en-aqest-son.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXV, Doas coblas farai en aqest son</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxxvi-seigneiras-e-cavals-armatz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXVI, Seigneiras e cavals armatz</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ja-non-creirai-en-gui-de-cavaillon.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXVII, Ja non creirai d' En Gui de Cavaillon</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/blog-post_18.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXVIII, Estiers mon grat mi fan dir villanatge</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxxix-belh-m-es-quan-d-armas-aug-refrim.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXIX, Belh m' es quan d' armas aug refrim (Guillaume de Montagnagout)</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xl-guerra-e-trebalhs-e-brega-m-platz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XL, Guerra e trebalhs e brega m platz, (Boniface de Castellane)</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xli-gerra-mi-play-quan-la-vey-comensar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLI, Gerra mi play quan la vey comensar,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xlii-peire-salvagg-en-greu-pessar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLII, Peire salvagg', en greu pessar</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xliii-de-l-arcivesque-mi-sap-bon.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLIII, De l' arcivesque mi sap bon</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ja-de-chantar-nulh-temps-no-serai-mutz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLIV Ja de chantar nulh temps no serai mutz</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xlv-un-sirventes-farai-ses-alegratge.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLV, Un sirventes farai ses alegratge,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xlvi-en-luec-de-verjanz-floritz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLVI, En luec de verjanz floritz</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ges-no-m-es-greu-s-eu-non-sui-ren-prezatz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLVII, Ges no m' es greu s' eu non sui ren prezatz</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xlviii-mout-que-sovinenza.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLVIII, Mout a que sovinenza</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xlix-entre-dos-reis-vei-mogut-et-enpres.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLIX, Entre dos reis vei mogut et enpres</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/l-mout-fort-me-sui-d-un-chan-meravillatz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L, Mout fort me sui d' un chan meravillatz</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/li-on-hom-plus-aut-es-pueiatz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LI, On hom plus aut es pueiatz,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/lii-comte-karle-ie-us-vuelh-far-entenden.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LII, Comte Karle, ie us vuelh far entenden</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/liii-al-bon-rey-qu-es-reys-de-pretz-car.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LIII, Al bon rey qu' es reys de pretz car,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/liv-nostre-reys-qu-es-d-onor-ses-par.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LIV, Nostre reys qu' es d' onor ses par (Bernard d' Auriac)</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/francx-reys-frances-per-cuy-son-angevi.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LV, Francx reys frances, per cuy son Angevi,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/lvi-ancmais-per-aital-razo.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LVI, Ancmais per aital razo</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/tant-onratz-verays-ressos-plazens.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LVII, Tant m' es l' onratz, verays ressos plazens,</span></a></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sirventes divers.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br />Index:<br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/cominal-vielh-flac-playdes-garin-apchier.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">I, cominal, vielh, flac, playdes</a><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ii-mos-cominals-fai-ben-parer.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">II, mos Cominals fai ben parer</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/iii-comtor-d-apchier-rebuzat.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">III, Comtor d' Apchier rebuzat,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/iv-ancmais-tan-gen-no-vi-venir-pascor.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">IV, Ancmais tan gen no vi venir pascor,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/v-reis-pus-vos-de-mi-chantatz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">V, Reis, pus vos de mi chantatz,</a></span></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/vergoigna-aura-breument-nostre-evesque-cantaire.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VI, Vergoigna aura breument nostre evesque cantaire,</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/vii-mout-mi-plai-quan-vey-dolenta.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VII, Mout mi plai quan vey dolenta</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/belh-m-es-quan-vey-camjar-lo-senhoratge.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VIII, Belh m' es quan vey camjar lo senhoratge,</span></a></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ix-guerra-e-trebalh-vei-et-afan.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">IX, Guerra e trebalh vei et afan</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/x-quan-lo-dous-temps-d-abril.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">X, Quan lo dous temps d' abril</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xi-sirventes-e-chansos-lais.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XI, Sirventes e chansos lais</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xii-ar-faray-sitot-no-m-platz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XII, Ar faray, sitot no m platz</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xiii-ara-farai-no-m-puesc-tener.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XIII, Ara farai, no m puesc tener,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xiv-no-m-agrad-iverns-ni-pascors.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XIV, no m agrad iverns ni pascors</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xv-d-un-sirventes-far-ai-gran-talen.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XV, D' un sirventes a far ai gran talen,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/de-nuilla-ren-non-es-tan-grans-cardatz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XVI, De nuilla ren non es tan grans cardatz</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xvii-tans-ricx-clergues-vey-trasgitar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XVII, Tans ricx clergues vey trasgitar</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/per-espassar-ira-dolor-ay-dins-mon-cor.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XVIII, Per espassar l' ira e la dolor</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xix-joan-fabre-yeu-ai-fach-un-deman.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XIX, Joan Fabre, yeu ai fach un deman</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xx-messonget-un-sirventes.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XX, Messonget, un sirventes</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxi-pus-chai-la-fuelha-del-garric.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXI, Pus chai la fuelha del garric</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxii-belha-m-es-la-flors-d-aguilen.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXII, Belha m' es la flors d' aguilen,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxiii-chantarai-d-aquetz-trobadors.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXIII, Chantarai d' aquetz trobadors</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxiv-pus-mos-coratge-s-esclarzis.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXIV, Pus mos coratge s' esclarzis</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxv-auiatz-de-chan-com-enans-se-meillura.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXV, Auiatz de chan com enans se meillura,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/belh-m-es-quan-vey-pels-vergiers-e-pels-pratz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXVI, Belh m' es quan vey pels vergiers e pels pratz</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxvii-no-m-laissarai-per-paor.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXVII, No m laissarai per paor</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxviii-sirventes-vuelh-far.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXVIII, Sirventes vuelh far</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxix-greu-m-es-durar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXIX, Greu m' es a durar,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxx-ieu-ai-ja-vista-manhta-rey.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXX, Ieu ai ja vista manhta rey</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/qui-se-membra-del-segle-passatz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXXI, Qui se membra del segle qu' es passatz</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxxii-lo-segle-m-es-camjatz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXXII, Lo segle m' es camjatz</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/per-lo-mon-fan-los-uns-dels-autres-rancura.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXXIII, Per lo mon fan l' us dels autres rancura</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxxiv-del-tot-vey-remaner-valor.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXXIV, Del tot vey remaner valor</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxxv-un-sirventes-fas-en-luec-de-jurar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXXV, Un sirventes fas en luec de jurar,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxxvi-falsedatz-e-desmezura.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXXVI, Falsedatz e desmezura</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ticx-hom-que-greu-ditz-vertat-e-leu-men.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXXVII, Ricx hom que greu ditz vertat e leu men,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxxviii-li-clerc-si-fan-pastor.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXXVIII, Li clerc si fan pastor</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxxix-per-folhs-tenc-polles-e-lombartz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXXIX, Per folhs tenc Polles e Lombartz</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xltos-temps-azir-falsetat-et-enjan.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XL. Tos temps azir falsetat et enjan,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xli-tals-cuia-be-aver-filh-de-s-espoza.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XLI, Tals cuia be Aver filh de s' espoza,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xlii-pus-ma-boca-parla-sens.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XLII, Pus ma boca parla sens</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xliii-qui-ve-gran-maleza-faire.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XLIII, Qui ve gran maleza faire</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xliv-tartarassa-ni-voutor.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XLIV, Tartarassa ni voutor</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xlv-tot-atressi-com-fortuna-de-ven.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XLV, Tot atressi com fortuna de ven</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xlvi-tan-son-valen-nostre-vezi.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XLVI, Tan son valen nostre vezi,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xlvii-razos-es-qu-ieu-m-esbaudey.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XLVII, Razos es qu' ieu m' esbaudey,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xlviii-un-sirventes-novel-vuelh-comensar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XLVIII, Un sirventes novel vuelh comensar</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xlix-una-cieutat-fo-no-sai-quals.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XLIX, Una cieutat fo, no sai quals,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/l-pus-peyre-d-alvernhe-chantat.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">L. Pus Peyre d' Alvernhe a chantat</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/li-l-autre-jorn-m-en-pugiey-al-cel.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">LI, L' autre jorn m' en pugiey al cel,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/lii-de-sirventes-aurai-gran-ren-perdutz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">LII, De sirventes aurai gran ren perdutz,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ab-gran-dreg-son-maint-gran-seignor-del-mon.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">LIII, Ab gran dreg son maint gran seignor del mon</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/liv-per-tot-so-c-om-sol-valer.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">LIV, Per tot so c' om sol valer</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/lv-qui-ha-talen-de-donar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">LV, Qui ha talen de donar</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/lvi-mon-sirventes-tramet-al-cominal.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">LVI, Mon sirventes tramet al cominal</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/blog-post_20.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">LVII, Cristias vey perilhar Per colpa dels regidors,</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/lviii-qui-m-disses-non-dos-ans.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">LVIII, Qui m disses, non a dos ans,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/fortz-guerra-fai-tot-lo-mon-guerreiar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">LIX, Fortz guerra fai tot lo mon guerreiar</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/lxvertatz-es-atras-tirada.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">LX, Vertatz es atras tirada</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">I.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cominal, <a href="https://aguelosebeta.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">vielh</a>, flac, playdes,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/12/fuster-jordi-pujol.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Paubre d' aver</a> et escas,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant faitz malvatz sirventes</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que del respondre sui las;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l vostra cavalaria</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Venra tota ad un dia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quant er so denan detras,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' avol bo e 'l bo malvas.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Anc un bon mot non fezes,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non i agues dos malvatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' ie us tolrai vostre ses,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mon chan ab que us fermiatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar chantatz ab vilania;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l comtessa m' en chastia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que ten Beders e Burlas,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que ditz que vos rebuzas.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Anc sagramen non tengues</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del tornel, quant l' avias;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni nul temps ver non disses,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si mentir non cuidavas;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et anas queren tot dia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' om se fi, e qui se fia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tenetz lo taulier e 'ls datz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E del joc sabetz assatz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ie us tolia Vivares,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' Argentiera e 'l Solas,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On lor comtes mans orbes</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mezures vos hom lo vas;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que quant Ponstorstz vos payssia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E Sanh Laurens vos vestia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Siatz totz paubres e ras,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que sieus es enquer, si us plas.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et avetz tan de mal pres</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aras e d' aissi entras,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que non sai cum vos tolgues</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si 'l pe no us toli o 'l nas</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">O 'ls huelhs, o no us aussizia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si no fos la confrairia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De Chassier e de Carlas,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab los pecols anaras.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ii-mos-cominals-fai-ben-parer.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Garin d' Apchier</a>.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">II.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mos Cominals fai ben parer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que si 'l saubes dire ni far</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">So qu' a mi degues enuiar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el en faria son poder;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas jovens e poders li falh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E paubreira e veillors l' assalh;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' al guerrier non fai paor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E non a amic ni senhor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que no 'l tenha per enueyos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas tan quant ditz nostras tensos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E s' ieu lo vuelh ben dechazer,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el vuelha tolre mon chantar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ja non er qu' ilh don' a manjar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni 'l vuelha albergar un ser;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas metray lo chan din serralh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' el soven trembl' e badalh;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que la verchieira de sa sor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vendet de son gay maint pastor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car lai vivia ab sos lairos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Emblan las fedas e 'ls moutos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Anc ab armas non sap valer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Hom meinz, tant s' en volgues lauzar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni als guerriers, mas ab parlar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No saup hom meinz de dan tener;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas soven mov guerra et assalh</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A sels que an croz e sonalh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don mil monge dins refeitor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pregan, ploran, nostre senhor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' en Ponstortz e 'n Sanz Laurens fos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si cum es vielhs e sofraitos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Leialtat sol molt mantener,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E falsetat totz temps blasmar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas al tornei la i vim laissar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E del tot metr' en non chaler;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que ditz lo par de Neralh</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que home que nafre e talh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E prenda son lige senhor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni qu' el toilla castel ni tor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No 'l deu mantener nulhs homs pros,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' el no 'l mante ni 'n randos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ja nulh marit non cal temer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De lui, ni sa molher gardar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ans lo pot laissar domneiar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et estar ab leys a lezer;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que quals qu' el de bois vil entalh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Deboissar lo pot d' aital talh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ses pel, ses carn e ses color</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E ses joven e ses vigor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E d' ome qu' es d' aital faysos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non deu esser maritz gelos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Garin d' Apchier.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">III.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Comtor d' Apchier rebuzat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pos de chan vos es laissat</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Recrezut vos lays e mat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Luenh de tota benanansa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vencut, de guerra sobrat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Comtor, mal encompanhat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab pauc de vi e de blat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Plen d' enuey e de carn ransa.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aisi prenc de vos comjatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pois may de mi no chantatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E del vostre vielh barat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E de vostra vielha pansa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E del nas tort, mal talhat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E del veser biaisat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tal vos a dieus tornat</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' anas co escut e lansa.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Be us a breujat lo corril</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Monlaur que tenias per vil, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que de may tro qu' en abril</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vos fay estar en balansa;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E non aves senhoril,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant aut son dur cor apil!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que ja us trobon en plan mil,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que m pren de vos pezansa.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Can vos clavon lo cortil</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sil que us son deus lo capil</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tornat de brau humil,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tout chant et alegransa;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E s' anc raubes loc mongil,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ara us faitz dire a mil</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que dieus e l' orde clergil</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vos a tout pretz et onransa.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pos de chantar em al som</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aiss' ie us desampar lo nom;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tot vostr' argen torn en plom,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vostr' afar desenansa;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vilhet pus blanc d' un colom,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Be us menon de tom en tom,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E no sabetz qui ni com;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tart seres mais reis de Fransa.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Cominal.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">IV.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ancmais tan gen no vi venir pascor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el ve guarnitz de solatz e de chan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E ve guarnitz de guerra e de mazan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E ve guarnitz d' esmay e de paor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E ve guarnitz de gran cavalairia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E ve guarnitz d' una gran manentia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tals sol pro cosselhar e dormir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ara vay gent bras levat aculhir.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Belh m' es quan vey que boyer e pastor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Van si marrit q' us no sap vas o s' an,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E belh quan vey que 'l ric baro metran</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">So don eron avar e guillador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ara dara tals que cor non avia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E montara 'l pages qu' aunir solia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que grans guerra, quant hom no i pot gandir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fai mal senhor vas los sieus afranquir.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab nulha gent no trob om tan d' amor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni tan de fe, segon lo mieu semblan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Com ab los sieus, que ja no falhiran</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En nulha re, sol qu' om no falha lor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas a senhor qu' els sieus forsa e gualia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non pot hom fe portar ni senhoria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas ab los sieus qui los sap gen baillir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pot hom lo sieu gardar e conquerir.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El mon non a thesaurs ni gran ricor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que si' aunitz, sapchatz qu' ieu prez un guan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' aitan tost mor, mas non o sabon tan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Avols cum bos; e vida ses valor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pretz meyns que mort, e pretz mais tota via</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Honor e pretz qu' aunida manentia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar selh es folhs que se fai escarnir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E selh savis que se fai gen grazir.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al pro comte de Tolza mon senhor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Prec que 'l membre qu' il valc ni qu' il tenc dan;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E que valha a cels que valgut l' an, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sian ric per lui bon servidor; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el savis dis que cel qui be volria </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Esser amatz, ames be ses bauzia, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car qui be vol baissar ni frevolhir </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sos enemics, bos amics deu chauzir.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Bernard Arnaud de Montouc.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">V.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Reis, pus vos de mi chantatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Trobat avetz chantador;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas tan me faitz de paor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que m torn a vos forsatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E plazentiers vos en son:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas d' aitan vos ochaizon,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S' ueymais laissatz vostre fieus,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No m mandetz querre los mieus.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu no soy reis coronatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni hom de tan gran ricor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que puesc' a mon for, senhor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Defendre mas heretatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas vos, que li Turc felon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Temion mais que leon,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Reis e ducx, e coms d' Angieus,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sufretz que Gisors es sieus!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Anc no fuy vostre juratz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E conoissi ma folor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tant caval milsoudor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tant esterlis pezatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Donetz mon cosin Guion;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">So m dizon siey companhon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tos temps segran vostr' estrieus,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sol tant larc vos tenga dieus.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Be m par, quan vos diziatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu soli' aver valor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que m laysassetz ses honor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueys que bon me laysavatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pero dieus m' a fag tan bon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' entr' el Puey et Albusson</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Puesc remaner entr' els mieus,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu no soi sers ni juzieus.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Senher valens et honratz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que m' avetz donat alhor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si no m sembles camjador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ves vos m' en fora tornatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas nostre reis de saison</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Rend Ussoir' e lais Usson;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l cobrar es me mot lieus,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu n' ai sai agut sos brieus.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu soi mot entalentatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De vos e de vostr' amor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el coms, que us fes tan d' onor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' Engolmes n' es gen pagatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que Tolvera e la mayson,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A guiza de larc baron,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Li donetz, qu' anc non fos grieus;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">So m' a comtat us romieus.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Reis, hueymais me veiretz pron,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tal dona m' en somon,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cui soi tan finamen sieus</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que totz sos comans m' es lieus.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Le Dauphin d' Auvergne.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VI.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vergoigna aura breument nostre evesque cantaire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sol veigna lo legatz que non tarzara gaire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E farem denan lui los sirventes retraire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">O pels mieus o pels sieus lo cuig de l' orden traire;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' anc mieils non o conquis lo seigner de Belcaire;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sol dieus gart lo legat que per aver no s vaire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si no s vaira 'l legatz e vol gardar dreitura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ades nos ostara sa falsa creatura;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Alverne, be us garnic de gran mal' aventura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui 'l fetz governador de la sainta escriptura;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Be s pot meravillar qui conois sa figura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cossi s' ausa vestir de sainta vestidura.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Li vestiment son saint, mas fals' es sa persona,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum cel que rauba e tol e pren, e ren non dona,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas vai guerra mesclan plus que 'l Turcs de Mairona,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E saup mieils prezicar la comtessa d' Artona;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si fos nostre vezis lo legatz de Narbona,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mais non portera anel ni crossa ni corona.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Anc tan fals coronat non ac en esta terra;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Grans meravilla es cum tota gens non erra,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que nuills hom son amic ses aver non sosterra,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E quan pot tant donar, costa il mil solz la bera;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ab deniers dels mortz alonga al rei sa guerra:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aitan l' azire dieus cum el ama Englaterra.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Englaterra ama el ben e fai gran fellonia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que lo reis l' a cregut de mais qu' el non avia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E quant el li promes que del frair' el creiria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fetz li frangner Mausac, quan lo reis lo tenia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mal portara honor al rei ni seignoria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pois no la porta a dieu ni a sa preueiria.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' evesques me dis mal segon sa fellonia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ieu li port ades honor e cortesia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas s' ieu dir en volgues so qu' ieu dir en sabria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El perdria l' evescat et ieu ma cortesia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Le Dauphin d' Auvergne.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mout mi plai quan vey dolenta</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La malvada gent manenta</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ab paratge mov contenta;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E m plai quan los vey desfar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De jorn en jorn vint o trenta,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'ls trop nutz ses vestimenta,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E van lur pan acaptar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E s' ieu ment, m' amia m menta.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vilas a costum de trueia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que de gent viure s' enueia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E quant en gran ricor pueia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' aver lo fai folleiar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que 'l deu hom la tremueia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Totas sazos tener vueia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l deu del sieu despensar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E far sufrir vent e plueia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui son vilan non aerma</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En deslialtat lo ferma,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' es fols qui be no 'l merma,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quan lo vetz sobrepuiar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar vilas, pus si conferma</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En tan ferm loc si referma,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De maleza non a par,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tot quan cossec aderma.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ja vilan non deu hom planher,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si 'l vetz bras o camba franher</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni ren de sos ops sofranher,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar vilan, si dieus m' ampar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A cel que pus li pot tanher,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per planher ni per complanher,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nuls hom no 'l deu ajudar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Enans deu lo fag refranher.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Rassa, vilana tafura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Plena d' enjan e d' uzura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' erguelh e de desmezura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lur faitz non pot hom durar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar dieu geton a non cura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E leialtat e drechura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Adam cuion contrafar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dieus lur don mal' aventura!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Bertrand de Born.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VIII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Belh m' es quan vey camjar lo senhoratge,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'ls viels laisson als joves lurs maizos;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E quascus pot laissar en son linhatge</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aitans d' efans que l' us puesc' esser pros:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Adoncs m' es belh qu' el segle renovelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mielhs que per flor, ni per chantar d' auzelh.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qui dona ni senhor vol camjar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vielh per jove ben deu renovelar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vielha la tenc dona pus capelaya,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es vielha quan cavalier non a;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vielha la tenc si de dos drutz s' apaya,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es vielha si avols hom l' o fa;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vielha la tenc s' ama dins son castelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es vielha mal' ha ops de fachelh;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vielha la tenc pos l' ennueion juglar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es vielha quan trop vuelha parlar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Joves dona que sap honrar paratge,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es joves per bos fagz quan los fa;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Jove se te quant a adreg coratge</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vas bon pretz avol mestier non a;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Jove se te quan guarda son cors belh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es joves dona quan be s capdelh;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Jove se te quan no y cal devinar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ab belh jovent se guart de mal estar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Joves es hom que lo sieu ben enguatge.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es joves quant es ben sofraitos;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Jove se te quan pro 'l costa ostatge,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es joves quan fa estraguat dos;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Jove se te quant art l' arqua e 'l vaixelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fai estorn e vouta e sembelh;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Jove se te quan li plai domneiar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es joves quan ben l' aman juglar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vielhs es ricx hom quan re no met en guatge, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E li sobra blat e vis e bacos;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per vielh lo tenc liura huous e formatge</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A jorn carnal si e sos companhos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per vielh quan viest capa sobre mantelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vielh si a caval qu' om sieu apelh;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Viels es quan vol un jorn en patz estar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vielhs si pot guandir ses baratar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mon sirventesc port e vielh e novelh, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Arnaut juglar, a Richart qu' el capdelh, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E ja thesaur vielh no vuelh' amassar, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ab thesaur jove pot pretz guazanhar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Bertrand de Born.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">IX.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Guerra e trebalh vei et afan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sofrir a mant baron truan;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pauc m' es del dol e menz del dan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que m vueilh alegrar chantan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar ab joi vauc et ab joi pes,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E pensamens no m' enpacha,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni sabers no m fai sofracha</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De far un novel sirventes.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Guerra m plai, sitot guerra m fan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Amors e ma domna tot l' an;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar per guerra vei trair' enan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cortz e domnei, solatz e chan;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Guerra fai de vilan cortes,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que m plai guerra ben facha, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E m plai quan la trega es fracha </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels Esterlins e dels Tornes.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Esterlins e Tornes camjan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tollen e meten e donan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Veirem de ill dui reis, ans d' un an,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo menz croi, segon mon semblan;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pero 'l senhers coms, ducs, marques,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">N' a ben sa pegnora tracha,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas metre lo fan per gaicha,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">So dizon Gascon et Engles.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En breu veirem qual mais poiran</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sofrir lo maltrach e 'l mazan;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mant caval bai e mant ferran</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Veirem e mant elm e mant bran,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E mant colp ferir demanes,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mant bratz, manta testa fracha,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mant mur, manta tor desfacha,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mant castel forsat et conques.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ges non crei Frances ses deman</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tengan lo deseret que fan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A tort a mant baron presan;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pero meravilha m don gran</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del seinhor dels Aragones,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar ab lor dan non destacha,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueis sai nos ades a pacha</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Desmandat a coms, duc, marques.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui s vuelha n' aia mal o bes</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">O enpacha, o desenpacha,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">O bratz rotz, o testa fracha,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tan m' es del mort com del pres.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Gay mi ten una bella res,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Avinens, joves, ben facha,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ai ab lei aital pacha</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Com an Pisan ab Genoes.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Bertrand de Born.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">X.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quan lo dous temps d' abril</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fa 'ls arbres secs fulhar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'ls auzelhs mutz cantar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quascun en son lati,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ben volgr' aver en mi</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Poder de tal trobar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum pogues castiar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Las domnas de falhir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que mal ni dan no m' en pogues venir.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu cugiey entre mil</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Una lial trobar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tan cuiava sercar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Totas an un trahi,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fan o atressi</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Col laire al bendar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que demanda son par</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per sas antas sofrir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' el mazans totz sobre lui no s vir.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant an prim e subtil</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lur cor per enganar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' una non pot estar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que sa par non gali;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueys s' en gab e s' en ri,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quan la ve folleiar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qui d' autruy afar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si sap tan gent formir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ben es semblans qu' el sieu sapch' enantir. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E selha que del fil</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A sos ops no pot far,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ad autra en fai filar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E ja peior mati</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No us qual de mal vezi;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que so qu' avetz plus car</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vos faran azirar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tal ren abelhir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que de mil ans no vos poiretz jauzir.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si las tenetz tan vil</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que las vulhatz blasmar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sempre us iran jurar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sobre las dens N Arpi,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que so qu' om ditz que vi</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No s fai a consirar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E saubran vos pregar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tan gent ab lur mentir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De lurs enjans nulhs hom no s pot guandir.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui en loc feminil</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cuia feutat trobar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ben fai a castiar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu dic qu' en loc cani</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vai ben sercar sai:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qui vol comandar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al milan ni baillar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sos poletz per noyrir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ja us dels grans no m don pois per raustir.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Anc Rainartz d' Isengri</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No s saup tan gent venjar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quan lo fetz escorjar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E il det per escarnir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Capel e gans, com ieu fas quan m' azir.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Donas, pois castiar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No us voletz de falhir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Amtas e dans vos n' aven a sufrir.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span>Pierre de Bussignac.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XI.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sirventes e chansos lais</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tot quan suelh far ni dire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que ja no 'n parlarai mais;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar des que fui natz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mi sui trebalhatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum pogues mi dons defendre </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels manens malvatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas tot es niens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que l' aurs e l' argens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El vis e 'l fromens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fai ves si atraire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dona de mal aire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que l' am e la bais,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E que 'l senhorey,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sitot s' es de malvada ley.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Jamais feutres ni gambais,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Solatz, ni motz que fan rire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni torneys, on hom s' eslais,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No seran prezatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Servitz ni honratz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per elms ni per escutz fendre</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tals temps es tornatz!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar s' etz belhs e gens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Larcx et avinens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E non etz manens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No vos valra gaire;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Q' us fals d' avol aire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vilas e putnais</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Part vos non estey</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab deniers que tenha e maney.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Era 'n faran colh e cais,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si m vau josta lor assire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Las falsas, cui dieus abais;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et er me vedatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo joys e 'l solatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar conosc e sai entendre</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Las lurs malvestatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueys las avols gens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Diran entre dens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu sui mal dizens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ieu, per mon paire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cuiava lur traire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo pel don lur nais</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Malvestatz, e vey</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que per un lur en naisson trey.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Un pauc estan en bon plais,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quan si podon escondire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al prim que jovens las pais,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tro qu' es aut montatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lur pretz ves totz latz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas pueys lo fan bas deyssendre,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ab lur orretatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En fan per totz sens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lurs drutz conoyssens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' ieu serai lens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De tornar al laire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si m' en puesc estraire;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar totz malvatz fais</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Porta qui las crey,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E parec en la cub' al rey.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ges ab donas no m' irais,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni ja negus no s cossire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu per lur mal dir engrais;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas tan suy iratz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quan vey lur beutatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lay, on no s' eschay, despendre,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' ay ajustatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aitals motz cozens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que lur es grans sens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E castiamens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar quant aug retraire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La foudatz ni braire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cove que s biais</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E que no folley,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ans fassa so que ben l' estey.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mielhs mi vai qu' al rey</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab que m melhur e non sordey.</span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre de Bussignac.</span></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ar faray, sitot no m platz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Chantar verses ni chansos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sirventes en son joyos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sai qu' en seray blasmatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas del senhor suy servire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que per nos suferc martir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et en crotz deynhet morir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' ieu no m tem de ver dire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar vey qu' el temps s' es camjatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'ls auzelletz de lurs sos;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E paratges que chai jos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vilas coutz son prezatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Clercx e Frances cuy azire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu per ver vey dregz delir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E merces e pretz veuzir;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dieus m' en do so qu' ieu 'n dezire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant es grans lur cobeytatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que dreytura n' es al jos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et enjans e tracios</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Es dreitz per elhs apellatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don pretz, dos, solatz e rire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Franh, e vezem car tenir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los malvatz que ges servir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non podon dieu ni ver dire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' ieu suy al cor iratz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar aissi s pert ad estros</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per sofracha d' omes bos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aquest segle ves totz latz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu vey qu' hom met en azire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Drechura per fals mentir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l tort ans qu' el drech escrir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l mals enans qu' el bes dire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Joglars, ben son desamatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La flor dels valens baros</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cuy cortz, dompneyars e dos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Plazion joys e solatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' er, si re als voletz dire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vos pessaran descarnir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar ja no 'ls pot abellir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' aver aver lur tolh rire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo valens coms, sens fench dire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mante pretz e s fa grazir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' Astarac, e 'l platz servir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E donar e joy e rire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Guillaume Anelier de Toulouse.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XIII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ara farai, no m puesc tener,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Un sirventes en est son gay,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab bos motz leus per retener,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sitot chantar cum sol no m play;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar li ric son tan non chalen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el pretz ne perdon d' aquest mon,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar cobeytatz los vay vensen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don proeza s bayssa e s cofon.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar aras no ven a plazer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Joys ni deportz ni pretz veray,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Enans creys malvestatz per ver</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E falsetatz contra ver vay,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E paratges pren aunimen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per vilas coutz on totz be s fon,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar tan son ples de mal talen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tot bon fag de lor s' escon.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qui vol de lor grat aver</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Er ses merce ab cor savay,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fara tot fach per aver</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sol que n' aya, que pueys n' er may</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Honratz e tengutz per paren,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sia vengutz no sai don;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' er non es prezatz hom valen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si non a pro de que s' aon.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas us enfans cobra poder</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' es a paratge lums e ray,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que ses elh no pogra valer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ans er al bas per tos temps may,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas tant a pres gran honramen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De selhs de qui fetz planqua e pon,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Eychanple tal qu' ab cor temen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Son Frances, quar tan prop li son.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don prec Ieshu Crist que poder</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Li don e qu' el garde, si 'l play,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que clercx no 'l puescon dan tener</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab fals prezicx totz ples d' esglay,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar tant es grans lur trichamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el fuecx enfernals plus preon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ardran, quar volon tant argen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' hom peccaire fan cast e mon.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A la gleiza falh son saber,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar vol los Frances metre lay</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On non an dreg per nulh dever,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E gieton cristias a glay</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per lengatge sens cauzimen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar volon lo segle redon;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pero en camp clercx non aten,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas de perdon daran un mon.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo coms a laus de tota gen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' Astarac, e s' espenh amon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Son pretz, et a en dar talen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E flac cor ab luy no s' apon.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Guillaume Anelier de Toulouse.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XIV.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No m' agrad' iverns ni pascors,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni clar temps ni fuelhs de guarricx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar mos enans me par destricx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E totz mos magers gaugz dolors;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E son maltrag tug mei lezer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dezesperat mei esper;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si m sol amors e dompneys</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tener guay plus que l' aigua 'l peys;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E pus d' amdui me sui partitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum hom eyssellatz e marritz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tot' autra vida m sembla mortz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tot autre joy desconortz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus d' amor m' es falhida 'l flors</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l dous frug e 'l gras e l' espicx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don jauzi' ab plazens predicx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E pretz m' en sobrav' et honors,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E m fazia entr' els pros caber,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Era m fai d' aut en bas chazer;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si no m sembles fols esfreys,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Anc flama tan tost non s' esteys</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu for' esteyns e relenquitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E perdutz en fagz et en digz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo jorn que m venc lo desconortz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que no m merma, cum que m' esfortz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pero no m comanda valors,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si be m sui iratz et enicx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu don gaug a mos enemicx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tan qu' en oblit pretz ni lauzors;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar ben puesc dan e pro tener,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sai d' irat jauzens parer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sai entr' els Latis e 'ls Grezeis:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l marques, que l' espaza m ceis,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Guerreye lai blancs e droguitz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et anc pus lo mons fo bastitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No fes nulha gens tan d' esfortz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum nos, quan dieus nos n' ac estortz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Belhas armas, bos feridors,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Setges e calabres e picx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E traucar murs nous et anticx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E venser batalhas e tors</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vey et aug, e non puesc vezer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ren que m puesc' ad amor valer;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vauc sercan ab rics arneys</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Guerras e coytas e torneys,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don sui, conquerenz, enrequitz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E pus joys d' amor m' es falhitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Totz lo mons me par sol uns ortz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E mos chans no m' es mais conortz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo Marques vey honrat e sors</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E Campanes, e 'l coms Enricx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sicar, Montos e Salanicx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E Costantinople socors,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar gent sabon camp retener,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E pot hom ben proar en ver;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ancmais nulha gent non ateys</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aitan gran honor apareys</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per bos vassals, valens, arditz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E nostr' emperi conqueritz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dieus trameta nos esfortz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' elh se trai' a cap nostre sortz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Anc Alixandres no fetz cors,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni Karles ni 'l reys Lodoycx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant honrat; ni 'l coms N Aimericx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni Rotlan ab sos ponhedors,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No saubron tan gen conquerer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tan ric emperi per poder</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum nos, don pueia nostra leys;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' emperadors e ducx e reys</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Avem fagz, e castels garnitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pres dels Turcx e dels Arabitz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ubertz los camis e 'ls portz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De Brandis tro al bratz Sanh Jortz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Doncs que m val conquitz ni ricors?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu ja m tenia per plus ricx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quant era amatz e fis amicx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E m payssia cortes' amors;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">N' amava mais un sol plazer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que sai gran terr' e gran aver;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ades on plus mos poders creys,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">N' ai maior ir' ab me mezeis;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus mos Belhs Cavaliers grazitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E joys m' es lunhatz e faiditz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don no m venra jamais conortz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' es mager l' ira e plus fortz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Belhs dous Engles, francx et arditz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cortes, essenhatz, essernitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vos etz de totz mos gaugz conortz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E quar viu ses vos fatz esfortz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per vos er Damas envazitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E Jerusalem conqueritz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l regnes de Suria estortz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' els Turcx o trobon en lur sortz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los pelegris perjurs faiditz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que nos an sai en camp gequitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui los manten en cort es tortz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que quascus val meins vius que mortz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Rambaud de Vaqueiras.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XV.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' un sirventes a far ai gran talen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E farai lo, si dieus me benezia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar tot lo mon vey tornar en nien,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que negus hom l' us en l' autre no s fia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ans si m sirvetz, vos farai ab falsia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tro que us aya fach lo vostre perden,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et aissi a gran desconoissemen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que ns dona dieus gran mal quascun dia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E de tot be frachura e carestia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De la gleysa vos dic primeiramen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que y corr engans, e far non o deuria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar cobeitatz la lassa e la pren,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que per deniers perdonon que que sia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E prezicon la gens la nueg e 'l dia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que non aion enveya ni talen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De nulha ren, mas ges elhs non an sen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E devedon renou e raubaria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et elhs fan lo, e d' elhs pren hom la via.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A legistas vey far gran falhimen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E corr entr' elhs grans bautucx e bauzia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar tot bon dreg fan tornar a nien,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fan tener de tort la dreyta via,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et en aissi dampno l' arma e la via;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que n' iran trastug a perdemen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ins en yfern, e sofriran turmen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E greu dolor e peior malautia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En escurdat, ab fera companhia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En totz mestiers vey far galiamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sol que y corra nulha mercadaria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar messorguier son compran e venden,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E ses mentir negus hom no us vendria;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E gieton dieu e la verge Maria</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En messorgas per cobeitat d' argen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ailas! caytiu, quo no son conoyssen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que als deniers donon tal senhoria</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que perdon dieu qu' els ten totz en bailia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ar vey lo mon mal e desconoyssen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E senes fe e de tot avol guia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar hom paupres non troba ab manen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nulh' amistat, si gazanh no y vezia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E doncx aisselh que ns a formatz e ns cria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sofri mort oltra son mandamen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Faym quascun jorn, e faym dieu de l' argen, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E per deniers lo meten en oblia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et a la fin negus non porta mia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ancmais non ayc coratge ni talen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De repentir, mas aras si podia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar quascun jorn propcham del fenimen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que quascus cofessar si deuria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar gran signe en vi antan un dia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que ploc terra e sanc verayamen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per so degram aver bon pessamen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E que valgues a son par qui podia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et en aissi quascus s' emendaria.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A mon Azaut vai corren e ten via</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mo sirventes, quar es flors de joven,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sobre totz yssaussa son pretz gen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sa valor e sa gaya paria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et agradans es en tot luec on sia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pons de Teza, dieu prec que us benezia, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar a totz etz de belh aculimen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E quascun jorn creyssetz vostr' onramen, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' ieu me suy mes en vostra bailia, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar bona fi fai qui ab bon arbre s lia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pons de la Garde.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XVI.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De nuilla ren non es tan grans cardatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum d' omes pros, e car n' es carestia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fai n' a plaigner uns pros qan se cambia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et eu dic lo pel vescomt de Burlatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' auzit ai dir q' es de bon pretz camjatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car no il platz jes aitan cum sol valors;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Eu non dic jes per so q' a mal so tenga,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Enanz o fatz per respeig que reveigna;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que vida es anta e desonors</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui non a pretz segon q' es sa ricors.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que hom non es tan pros ni tan prezatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que non aia blasme de cui que sia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si us fols li ditz mal per follia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Jes per aisso no s tenga per blasmatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Enanz s' en deu tener per ben lauzatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que blasmes es del fol al pro lauzors;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' eu li prec que mon conseill reteigna, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E cum se sol captener se capteigna,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E laisse dir als nescis lor follors,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que ill conoissen en diran pro d' onors.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu ai auzit mal dire d' En Blacatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que per aisso non i s refrenet un dia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E d' En Raimon Agout que tan valia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E del marques de cui fon Monferratz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que per aisso non semblet nuills iratz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni non tolgron benfaig a cantadors.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pauc vos ama, vescoms, qui us enseigna</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que de ben far hi de pretz no us soveigna;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Leu aura fait vostre fins pres son cors,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si non avetz amics e lauzadors.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De las domnas mi platz be lur honors</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De Caherci, e voill mal als seignors.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Cadenet.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XVII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tans ricx clergues vey trasgitar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En aissi col trasgitaire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que 'l filha c' an de comayre</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fan lur nepta al maridar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et atruep ne d' autres fols vers</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que an tan d' ipocrisia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' om non conoys lor bauzia </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni l' enjans don lor ven l' avers.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Falses clergue, e cals devers</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Es fassas tan gran folia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qu' el be mostres tot dia?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Es be fols doncx vostres volers!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Bos pastres non deu hom preyar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sas fedas per nulh afaire;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E que vos o vulhatz faire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' es pastor, fariatz a cremar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui ben vol de dieu prezicar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non deu esser fols ventayre,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car fols es lo prezicayre</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que ben ditz, e vuelha mal far;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fols si no 'l destrenh temers,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fols qui s fenh que bos sia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fols sel que dieus oblia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fols qui sec sos vas plazers</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On que s' an lo devis poders</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sap cal clercx fai bona via,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sap be la tricharia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels fals ples de totz mals sabers;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sap com per otracuiar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">An portels tras lor repaire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per on intran li cofraire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vergonhos, can van cofessar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo mal qu' ilh fan deu hom blasmar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l ben grazir e retraire:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ufana non lor play gayre,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que aisso lor puesc ieu lauzar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni ricx manjars ni ricx jazers,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni erguelh ni feunia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas empero tota via</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fan so c' a dieu es desplazers.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A sel hom cui es fis pretz vers,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sirventes, e cortezia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al mieu car senhor t' envia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dir qu' ie 'l prec que s gar de fals clercx;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qu' ieu soi sieus ses bauzia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per far e dir totz sos plazers.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Bertrand Carbonel.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XVIII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per espassar l' ira e la dolor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' ay dins mon cor, e per cofizamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' ay bon en dieu, fas lo comensamen </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' un sirventes contra la gran folor </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que fals clergue fan sotz bela semblansa; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ilh dizon be, mas en vey ses doptansa </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ilh fan tot mal, don yeu ay dolor gran, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car sel que vai la lei de dieu mostran, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Degra ben far, e seguir drech semdier; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas cobeitat fay home messongier.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Laia cauza es tengud' al doctor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">So dis Catos, can nescis lo repren;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qui mais val mais fay de falhimen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Can falh en res, que us hom ses valor:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui prezica c' ayam en dieu fiansa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fassam be per la su' amistansa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sertas ben dis; mas lo repres deman</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' o dis per que fai nulh fach malestan;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que honestat non porta costalier,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni fier ni franh ni fay fach de murtrier.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ai! fals clergue, messongier, traidor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Perjur, lairo, putanier, descrezen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant faitz de mals cascun jorn a prezen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tot lo mon avetz mes en error:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Anc Sans Peyre non tenc captal en Fransa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni fes renou, ans tenc drech la balansa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De liautat; no faitz vos pas senblan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que per argen anatz a tort vedan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueys n' absolvetz, pueys no datz empachier, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueys ses argen no y trob om deslieurier.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non crezantz pas silh fol entendedor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Blasme totz clercx, mas los fals solamen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni d' autra part no vazan entenden</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' aiso digua per doptansa de lor:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mais que m plagra fezessan acordansa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels reys que an guerr' e desacordansa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si c' otra mar passessan est autr' an,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l Pap' ab els; e lay fezesson tan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que crestiantat s' en dones alegrier;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E valgra may, qu' encar son sa guerrier.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ar es ben dretz, pus ieu n' ai dich blasmor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el be qu' els fan laus e vaza dizen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Drap de color e vaysela d' argen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Refudan tot per dieu nostre senhor:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aissi 'ls gart dieus de mal e de pezansa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Com els non an ni erguelh ni bobansa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni riquezas no van cobezeian,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni joc d' amor, mas autre dieu non an:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Adonc mostran can veian, qu' en l' armier</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S' en vay l' arma e la carn el carnier.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al pus privat Proensal, ses doptansa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que huey viva e de mais d' alegransa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vay, sirventes, a sel on car lay van</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Miey sirventes, dir qu' el pres qu' entr' enan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sosten, qu' el gart de fals clercx, car leugier</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Son a mal far e fals e messongier.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Bertrand Carbonel.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XIX.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Joan Fabre, yeu ai fach un deman</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A ton fraire, et a m' en bel espos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">G**, dis ieu, per que es fabre vos?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E respondec: Car ieu vau fabregan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' aquel mestier que hom a, cal que sia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">O d' aquel art lo vay lo mons seguen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' aysi n' a faitz dretz adhordenamen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Doncx qui foudat fay per aital semblan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dic ieu qu' es fols, c' aisi 'l jutja razos;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es tracher sel que fay trassios;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es layres aysel que vay emblan:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui malvestat fay nulhs hom non poiria</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tolre lo nom del malvat sertamen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que fay bon renhar adrechamen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per tu, Joan, que vey anar obran</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Malvayzamen, soi per sert cossiros;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S' ieu dizia que savis iest e pros,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mon cor dira: Bertran, tu vas faulan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que anc nulh homs mays no fetz de fulia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni d' avoleza que Joans vay fazen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En son alberc, prezen de tota gen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ab ta molher et ab tu va s colcan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E manj' e beu la femna d' un gibos;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tos temps devetz esser fort doloiros,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Caitieu, dolens de ta folia gran.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A joc de datz o en bordelairia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Te troba hom, cant hom te vay queren,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Joan, per sert, mens vales de nien.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Totz hom savis garda per adzenan;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Doncx veyas y, e cals es tos ressos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l mal c' adutz fol' e vils messios,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On non yray mon sirventes selan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ans lo volray ensenhar cascun dia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A tot home per so c' an retrazen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La malvestat del teu cor recrezen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Joan, car ieu t' ay amat ses bauzia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E t' am encars, te vau aiso dizen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' amicx non es qui non o fay parven.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Bertrand Carbonel.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XX.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Messonget, un sirventes</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">M' as quist, e donar l' o t' ay</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al pus tost que ieu poyrai</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El son d' En Arnaut Plagues;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que autr' aver no t daria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que non l' ay; ni s' ieu l' avia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non t' en seria amicx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que s' era de mil marcx ricx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' un denier no t' en valria.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' en tu non es nulha res</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De so qu' a joglar s' eschai,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tos chans no val ni play,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni tos fols ditz non es res;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E croya es ta folia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E paubra ta joglaria</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tan que si no fos N Albricx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El marques que es tos dicx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nulhs hom no t' alberguaria.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas d' una res t' es ben pres </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que d' aisso, qu' aras pus play, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">As pus qu' anc non aguist may </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Follia e nescies;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si negus hom que sia </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De ta folhor te castia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tu non creiras sos casticx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar per folhor t' es abricx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tal que per sen no t valria.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per tu blasmon lo marques</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Li croy joglar e 'l savay,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per lo ben que elh te fay;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' ieu vuelh qu' en Verones</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al comte tenhas la via;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mal dig, que mais li valria</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Us braus balestiers enicx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que traisses als enemicx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que s' ieu tu li trametia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Hugues de Saint-Cyr.</span></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XX.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per solatz revelhar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar es trop endormitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E per pretz qu' es fayditz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aculhir e tornar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mi cuyei trebalhar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas er m' en sui giquitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per so quar sui falhitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar non es d' acabar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum plus m' en ven voluntatz e talans, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Plus creys de lai lo dampnatges e 'l dans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Greu es a sofertar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A vos o dic, qu' auzitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum era jois grazitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tug li benestar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Hueymais podetz jurar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que ja de fust no vitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni vilas miels formitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Estra grat cavalgar:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lagz es l' afars e greus e malestans</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don hom pert dieu e reman malanans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ieu vi torneis mandar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E segre gens garnitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E pueys dels miels feritz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Una sazo parlar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ar es pretz de raubar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Buous, motos e berbitz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cavaliers si' aunitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que s met a domneiar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus que toca dels mans motos belans,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni que rauba gleizas ni viandans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On son gandit joglar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu vi gent aculhitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' a tal mestier fo guitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que solia guidar?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vey senes reptar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Anar tals escarits,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus fon bos pretz failhitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que solia menar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De companhos, e no sai dire quans,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Gent en arneis e bels e benestans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vi per cortz anar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De joglaretz petitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Gen caussatz e vestitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sol per domnas lauzar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ar non auzon parlar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant es bos pretz delitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dont es lo tortz issitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De las mal razonar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Diatz de quals d' elhas o d' els amans,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ieu dic de totz, qu' el pretz n' a trag enjans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu eys que suel sonar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Totz pros hom issernitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Estauc tant esbaitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que no m sai cosselhar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' en luec de solassar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aug en las cortz los critz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' aitan leu s' es grazitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De lans e de bramar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo comtes entre lor cum us bos chans </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels ricx afars e dels temps e dels ans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas a cor afrancar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que s' es trop endurzitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non deu hom los oblitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni 'ls viels faitz remembrar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que mal es a laissar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Afar pus es plevitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l mal don sui guaritz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No m qual ja mezinar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas so qu' om ve, volv e vir en balans,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E prenda e lais e forss' e dams los pans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' aitan me puesc vanar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' anc mos ostaus petitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No fon d' els envazitz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sels cui aug totz duptar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Anc no fetz mas honrar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los volpils mal arditz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Doncs mos senher chauzitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si deuria pensar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que non l' es ges pretz ni laus ni bobans </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu que m laus d' el sia de lui clamans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Eras non plus per que no m' o demans,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que blasmes er, si vau d' aissi clamans,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">So di 'l Dalphins que conois los bons chans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Giraud de Borneil.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXI.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus chai la fuelha del garric</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Farai un guai sonet novelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que trametrai part Mongibel</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al marques qu' el sobrenom gic</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De Monferrat, e pren selh de sa maire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et a laissat so que conquis son paire;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mal resembla lo filh Robert Guiscart</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' Antiocha conques e Mongizart.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Marques, li monges de Clunhic</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vuelh que fasson de vos capdel,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">O siatz abbas de Cystelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus lo cor avetz tan mendic,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que mais amatz dos buous et un araire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A Monferrat qu' alhors estr' emperaire;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ben pot hom dir qu' ancmais filhs de lhaupart </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No s mes en crotz a guiza de raynart.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Gran gaug agron tug vostr' amic</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quant agues laissada la pel</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don folretz la capa e 'l mantelh;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar tug cuideron estre ric</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Silh que per vos son liurat a maltraire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que son tondut et an paor del raire:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quascus aten socors de vostra part;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si no y venetz, qui dol y a, si 'l guart.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Marques, li baron vair' e pic</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">An contra cel trait un cairel</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que lor tornara sus capel;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E de l' emperador Enric</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vos dic aitan que ben sembla 'l rey Daire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que sos baros gitet de lor repaire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dont elh ac pueys de morir gran reguart; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas mantas vetz qui s cuida calfar s' art.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo regisme de Salonic,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ses peirier e ses manguanel,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pogratz aver, e man castel</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' autres, qu' ieu no mentau ni dic;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per dieu, marques, Rotlan dis e sos fraire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E Guis marques e Rainaut lur cofraire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Flamenc, Frances, Burgonhos e Lombart</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Van tug dizen que vos semblatz bastart.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vostr' ancessor, so aug dir e retraire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Foron tug pros, mas vos non soven guaire;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si 'l revenir non prendetz geynh et art, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De vostr' onor perdretz lo tertz e 'l quart.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Elias Cairels.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Belha m' es la flors d' aguilen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quant aug del fin joy la doussor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que fan l' auzelh novelhamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pel temps qu' es tornat en verdor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E son de flors cubert li reynh</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Gruec e vermelh e vert e blau.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De molherat ges no m' es gen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que s fasson drut ni amador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ab las autruis van aprenden</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Engienhs ab que gardon las lor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas selh per que hom las destrenh</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Port' al braguier la contraclau.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vilas cortes hi eis de son sen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E molherat dompneiador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E l' azes quan brama eyssamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum fai lebriers ab son senhor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas ieu no cre pros dompna denh</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Far drut molherat gelos brau.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Molherat fan captenemen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De veziat enguanador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que l' autruy pan guasta e despen, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E l' sieu met en luec salvador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas selh a cuy grans fams en prenh</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Manja lo pan que non l' abau.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Maritz que marit vay sufren</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Deu tastar d' atretal sabor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que car deu comprar qui car ven;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l gelos met li guardador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueys li laissa sa molher prenh</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' un Girbaudo filh de Girbau.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' aqui naisson li recrezen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Q' us non ama pretz ni valor:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ai! cum an abaissat joven</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tornat en tan gran error!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sest ama l' aver e l' estrenh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Li folh e 'l gars son naturau.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sancta Maria, en Orien</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Guiza 'l rey e l' emperador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E faitz lor far ab la lor gen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo servizi nostre senhor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que 'lh Turc conosco l' entressenh</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que dieus pres per nos mort carnau.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aissi vay lo vers definen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ieu que no 'l puesc far lonjor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el mals mi ten e lo turmen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que m' a mes en tan gran languor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu no suy drutz, ni drutz no m fenh, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni nulhs joys d' amor no m' esjau.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dieus, que nasques en Betlehen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tu los capdela e 'ls acor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que per lo nostre salvamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Prezes en cros mort e dolor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vers dieus, vers hom, vai m' accoren,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Trinus unus n' aor e 'n lau.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non er mais drutz, ni drutz no s fenh</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los pitars, ni joys non l' esjau.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre d' Auvergne.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXIII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Chantarai d' aquetz trobadors</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que chantan de manhtas colors;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El sordeyor cuida dir gen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas a chantar lor er alhors;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' entremetre n' aug cent pastors</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Q' us no sap que i s monta o i s dissen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' aisso m' er mal Peire Rogiers,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que n' er encolpatz premiers,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar chanta d' amor a presen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E covengra 'l mielhs un sautiers</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En la gleisa, o us candeliers</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Portar ab gran candela arden.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El segonz Guirautz de Bornelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que sembla drap sec al solelh</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab son magre chantar dolen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' es chans de vielha portaselh;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si s mirava en espelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No s prezaria un aguilen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El tertz Bernatz del Ventadorn</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' es menres d' En Bornelh un dorn;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas en son paire ac bon sirven</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per trair' ab arc manal d' alborn;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sa maire calfava 'l forn,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et amassava l' issermen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El quartz de Briva 'l Lemozis,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Us joglaretz pus prezentis</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que sia tro en Benaven;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E semblaria us pelegris</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Malautes, quan chanta 'l mesquis,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' a pauc pietatz no m' en pren.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En Guillems de Ribas lo quins</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' es malvatz defors e dedins,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dis totz sos vers raucamen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' ieu non pres ren sos retins, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' atrestan s' en faria us chins;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dels huelhs sembla vout d' argen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El seizes N Elias Gausmars</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' es cavayers e s fai joglars;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fai o mal qui lo y cossen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni 'l dona vestirs belhs ni cars,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' aitan valria 'ls agues ars</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' en joglaritz, s' en son ja cen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E Peire Bermon se baysset,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus qu' el coms de Toloza 'l det,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' anc no soanet d' avinen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que fon cortes qui 'l raubet,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fe o mal, quar no 'l talhet</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aquo que hom porta penden.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' ochen es Bernatz de Sayssac </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' anc negun bon mestier non ac </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas d' anar menutz dons queren; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que despueys no 'l prezei un brac </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus a 'N Bertran de Cardalhac </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Queri un mantelh suzolen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El noves es En Raymbautz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que s fai per son trobar trop bautz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas ieu lo torni a nien,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que non es alegres ni cautz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ieu pres trop mais los pipautz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que van las almornas queren.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En Ebles de Sancha 'l dezes</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A cuy anc d' amor non venc bes,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sitot se canta de Coyden;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vilanetz es e fals pages,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E ditz hom que per dos poges</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sai si logua e lai si ven.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E l' onzes Guossalbo Rozitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que s fai de son chan trop formitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tan qu' en cavallairia s fen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et anc no fon tan ben guarnitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que per elh fos dos colps feritz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si doncs no 'l trobet en fugen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El dozes us petitz Lombartz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que clama sos vezins coartz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas elh es d' aquelh eys parven;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per q' us sonetz fai gualiartz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab motz amaribotz bastartz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E luy apellon Cossezen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Peire d' Alvernhe a tal votz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que chanta cum granolh' en potz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E lauza s trop a tota gen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pero maiestres es de totz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab q' un pauc esclarzis sos motz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' a penas nulhs hom los enten.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo vers fo faitz als enflabotz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A Poivert tot jogan, rizen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre d' Auvergne.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXIV.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus mos coratge s' esclarzis</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per selh joy dont ieu suy jauzens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vey qu' amors part e chauzis,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' ieu n' esper estrenamens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ben dey tot mon chant esmerar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' om re no mi puesca falsar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que per pauc es hom desmentitz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Selh en cui sest' amors cauzis</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Joves, cortes e sapiens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E selh cui refuda delis</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E met a totz destruzemens;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar qui fin' amor vol blasmar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Elha 'l fai si en folh muzar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que per art cuida esser peritz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">So son fals jutges raubador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fals molheratz e jurador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Homicidi e lauzengier,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lengu' a loguat, creba mostier,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et aissellas putas ardens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui son d' autrui maritz cossens; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cyst auran guazanh ifernau.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Homicidi e traidor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Simoniaix, encantador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Luxurios e renovier</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que vivon d' enoios mestier,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E cill que fan faitilhamens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E las faitileiras pudens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Seran el fuec arden engau.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ebriaicx et escogossatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fals preveires e fals abatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Falsas reclusas, fals reclus</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lai penaran, dis Marcabrus,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tuit li fals y an luec pres,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car fin' amors o a promes,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lai er dols dels dezesperatz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ay! fin' amors, fons de bontatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar tot lo mon enlumenatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Merce ti clam, lai no m' acus</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Em defendas, qu' ieu lai non us,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' en totz luecx me tenh per ton pres,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per ton lairon en totas res;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per tu esper estre guidatz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mon cor per aquest vers destrenh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar mi plus qu' els autres reprenh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que qui autrui vol encolpar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dregs es que si sacha guardar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que no sia dels crims techitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De que lieys encolpa e ditz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueis poira segur castiar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pero si er asatz cauzitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sel que ben sap dire e 'l ditz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que pot si se vol remembrar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Marcabrus.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXV.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Auiatz de chan com enans se meillura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E Marcabrus, segon s' entensa pura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sap la razo e 'l vers lassar e faire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si que autr' om no l' en pot un mot traire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pero sospir, quar mouta gens abura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De malvestat, c' ades creis e peiura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' aquist baro an comensat estraire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E passat per un pertuis de taraire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Li sordeior an del dar l' aventura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E li meillor badon ves la penchura;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La retraissos fai trist e sospiraire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' a rebuzos fant li ric lur affaire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No i a conort en joven mas trop surra,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni contra mort ressort ni cobertura;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ist acrupit l' an gitat de son aire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E de cami per colpa de la maire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui per aver per vergonh' e mezura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E giet honor e valor a non cura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Segon faisson es del semblan confraire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A l' erisson et al goz et al laire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Proeza franh e avoleza mura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E no vol joi cuillir dins sa clauzura;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dreitz ni razo no i vei mais tener guaire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quan per aver es un gartz emperaire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Coms de Peiteus, vostre pretz s' asegura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et a 'N Anfos de sai, si gaire ill dura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lai Avignon e Proensa e Belcaire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De meils per sieu no fes Tolzan son paire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S' aquest N' Anfos far contenensa pura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni envas mi fai semblan de frachura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sai vas Leo en sai un de bon aire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Franc de sazo, cortes e larc donaire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De malvestat los gart sanct' escriptura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que no lur fassa c' a floquet ni peintura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sel qu' es e fo regom, recx e salvaire;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La sospeiso del rei 'n Anfos m' esclaire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Marcabrus.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXVI.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Belh m' es quan vey pels vergiers e pels pratz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tendas e traps, e vey cavals armatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vey talar ortz e vinhas e blatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vey gienhs traire, e murs enderrocatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et aug trompas e grans colps dels nafratz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E mal lur grat meto 'ls en las postatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aital guerra m' agrada mais que patz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non tals treguas ont hom si' enganatz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tot aisso dic per l' Enfant d' Arago;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E deu aver nom Enfant per razo,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar leu s' ave qu' enfans fa fallizo,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et elh falhi quant aucis son baro</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Raymon Guillem, qu' anc treguas no 'l tenc pro,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni en sa cort jutjamens datz no 'l fo;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que totz selhs a cuy elh treguas do</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Devon duptar aquelh enfant fello.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Treguas trencar escien esta lag</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E quant a fe no s' emenda 'l forfag;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que l' enfant a fag un sol assag,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ab un mal sag qu' als Catalas a fag,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dizon tug qu' om de selhs treguas gag,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qu' el son cors y fo mes en fol plag;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' a filh de rey esta mal atrazag,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quant ampara nulh offici de sag.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En aissi par qu' el sag no fon certas,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar n' a lauzor d' aul gent e de vilas</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E gran blasme de totz los sobiras;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si d' est sag no s clamon Catalas,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Hom los tenra totz per flacx e per vas,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E plus suffrens que negus hermitas;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E meta hi quascus per si sas mas,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ostenra pus que rabia de cas.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al vescomte de Cardona despley</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mon sirventes, ans que alhors desrey,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que mai vol pretz que laire pres mercey,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar en valor se banha, don ieu crey</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que pro a pretz, qui s vuelha so plaidey,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tot vescomte qui n' a egal d' un rey.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A gran poestat esta mal, fe que us dey, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que trenc treguas ni que tan lag desrey,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar de guerra no s pot honrar lo rey,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Trencan treguas, o vol tornar so crey.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Bernard de Rovenac.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXVII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No m laissarai per paor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' un sirventes non labor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En servizi dels fals clergatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E quant sera laboratz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Conoisseran li plusor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' engan e la fellonia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que mov de falsa clerzia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que lai on an mais forsa ni poder</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fan plus de mal e plus de desplazer.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aquist fals prezicador</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">An mes lo segl' en error,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' il fan los mortals peccatz:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pois cill cui an prezicatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fan so que ven far a lor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tuit segon orba via;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Doncs si l' uns orbs l' autre guia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non van amdui en la fossa cazer?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si fan, so dis dieus, qu' ie 'n sai ben lo ver.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vers es que notre pastor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Son tornat lop raubador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' il rauban deves totz latz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E mostran semblan de patz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E confortan ab doussor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los oveillas noit e dia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pois quant las an en bailia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ill las fan morir e dechazer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ist fals pastor, don eu m' en desesper.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pois fan autre desonor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al segle, et a dieu maior;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que s' uns d' els ab femna jatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lendeman tot orrejatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tenra 'l cors notre seignor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es mortals eretgia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que nuls preire no deuria</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab sa putan orrejar aquel ser</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que lendeman deia 'l cors dieu tener.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si vos en faitz clamor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Seran vos encusador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E seretz n' escumeniatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni, s' aver non lor donatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab els non auretz amor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni amistat ni paria.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vergena, sancta Maria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Domna, si us platz, laissatz me 'l jorn vezer </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' els puosca pauc doptar e mens temer!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vai sirventes, ten ta via,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E di m' a falsa clerzia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' aicel es mortz qui s met en son poder; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' a Tolosa en sab hom ben lo ver.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Guillaume Figueiras.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXVIII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sirventes vuelh far</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En est son que m' agensa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No 'l vuelh plus tarzar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni far longu' atendensa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sai, ses duptar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' en aurai malvolensa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car fauc sirventes</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels fals d' enjans ples,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De Roma que es</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Caps de la dechasensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On dechai totz bes.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No m meravilh ges,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, si la gens erra,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el segl' avetz mes</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En trebalh et en guerra,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car pretz e merces</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mor per vos e sosterra:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma enganairitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' etz de totz mals guitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sims e razitz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo bon reys d' Anglaterra</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fon per vos trahitz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma trichairitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cobeitatz vos engana,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' a vostras berbitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tondetz trop la lana;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas sayns Esperitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que receup carn humana</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Entenda mos precx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E franha tos becx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, e no m' en precx, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar yest falsa e trefana </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vas nos e vas Grecx.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Rom', als homes pecx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Rozetz la carn e l' ossa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E guidatz los secx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab vos ins en la fossa;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Trop passatz los decx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De dieu, quar es tan grossa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vostra cobeitatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar vos perdonatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per deniers peccatz; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De trop mala trasdossa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, vos cargatz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, be sapchatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que vostr' avols barata</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vostra foldatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fetz perdre Damiata.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Malamen renhatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, dieus vos abata</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En dechazemen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar tan falsamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Renhatz per argen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, de mal' escata</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Es ab fals coven.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, veramen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sabem senes duptansa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ab gualiamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De falsa perdonansa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Liuretz a turmen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo barnatge de Fransa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La gent de Paris;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l bon rey Loys</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per vos fon aucis,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ab falsa prezicansa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">'L gitetz del pays.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Rom', als Sarrazis </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Faitz petit de dampnatge,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas Grecx e Latis </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Geratz a carnalatge: </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ins el foc d' abis,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, avetz vostr' estatge</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'n perdicio;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas ja dieus no m do,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, del perdo</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni del pellegrinatge</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que fetz d' Avinho.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, ses razo</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Avetz manta gent morta,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E ges no m sap bo</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar tenetz via torta,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' a salvatio,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, serratz la porta;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' a mal govern</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' estiu e d' ivern</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui sec vostr' estern,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el diables l' enporta</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ins el foc d' ifern.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, ben dessern</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los mals qu' om ne pot dire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar faitz per esquern</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels crestias martire;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas en qual cazern</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Trobatz qu' om dey' aucire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, 'ls crestias?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vers dieus e vers pas</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vers cotidias</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Me don so qu' ieu dezire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vezer dels Romas.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, vers es plas</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que trop etz angoissoza</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels prezicx trefas</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que faitz sobre Toloza;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lag rozetz las mas</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A ley de cer rabioza</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Als paucs et als grans:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas si 'l coms prezans</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Viu encar dos ans,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fransa n' er doloirosa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels vostres enjans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, tant es grans </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La vostra forfaitura, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que dieus e sos sans </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En gitatz a non cura, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant etz mal renhans, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma falsa e tafura;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' en vos s' escon </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E s baissa es cofon </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' enguan d' aquest mon, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant faitz gran desmezura </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al comte Ramon!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, dieus l' aon, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l don poder e forsa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al comte que ton</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los Frances e 'ls escorsa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'ls pen e 'n fai pon,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quant ab luy fan comorsa;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et a mi plai fort,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, dieus recort</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Li vostre gran tort,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si 'l plai, qu' el coms n' estorsa </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De vos e de mort.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, be m conort,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' abans que trigue guaire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Venretz a mal port,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si l' adreitz emperaire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Endressa sa sort,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fai so que deu faire:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, ieu dic ver,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que vostre poder</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Veyretz dechazer,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dieus, del mon salvaire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lais m' o tost vezer!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, per aver </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Faitz manta fellonia, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E mant desplazer, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E manta vilania;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tan voletz aver</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del mon la senhoria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que res non temetz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dieu ni sos devetz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ans vei que fairetz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mais qu' ieu dir non poiria</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De mal per un detz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, tan tenetz </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Estreg la vostra grapa </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que so que podetz </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tener, greu vos escapa; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si 'n breu non perdetz </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Poder, a mala trapa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Es lo mon cazutz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E mortz e vencutz. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, la vostra papa </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fai aitals vertutz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, selh qu' es lutz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del mon e vera vida</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vera salutz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vos don mal' escarida,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar tans mals saubutz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Faitz, don tot lo mons crida.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma desleyals,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Razitz de totz mals,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Els focs yfernals</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ardretz, senes falida,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si non pessatz d' als.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, als cardenals</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vos pot hom ben rependre</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per los criminals</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Peccatz que fan entendre; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E non pensan d' als</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas cum puoscan revendre</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dieu e sos amicx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E no y val casticx.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, grans fasticx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Es d' auzir e d' entendre</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los vostres prezicx.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, ieu suy enicx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar vostre poders monta</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E quar grans destricx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Totz ab vos nos afronta</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar vos etz abricx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E capdelhs de gran anta</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E de dezonor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vostre pastor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Son fals e trachor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, e qui 'ls acointa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fai trop gran folhor.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, mal labor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fa 'l papa, quar tensona</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab l' emperador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni 'l dreg de la corona</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Li met en error,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' a sos guerriers perdona,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et aitals perdos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui non siec razos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, non es bos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ans qui 'l ver en razona</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Es trop vergonhos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, 'l glorios</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que sufri mort e pena</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En la crotz per nos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vos don la mala estrenha;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar totas sazos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Portatz la borsa plena,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, d' avol for;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar tot vostre cor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Avetz en tezor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don cobeitatz vos mena</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El foc que non mor.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, del mal cor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que portatz en la gola</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nais lo sucx don mor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo mons e s' estragola</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab dossor del cor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' el savis tremola,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar conois e ve</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo mortal vere,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E de lai on ve,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, del cor vos cola</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don li pietz son ple.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, ben ancse</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A hom auzit retraire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el cap sem vos te,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' el faitz soven raire;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que cug e cre</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ops vos auria traire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, del cervel;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar de mal capel</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Etz vos e Cystelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' a Bezers fezetz faire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mout estranh mazelh.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Rom', ab fals sembelh </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tendetz vostra tezura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E man mal morselh</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Manjatz, qui que l' endura;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car' avetz d' anhelh</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab simpla guardadura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dedins lop rabat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Serpent coronat</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De vibra engenrat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' el diable us apella</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Com al sieu privat.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Guillaume Figueiras.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXIX.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Greu m' es a durar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar aug tal descrezensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dir ni semenar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E no m platz ni m' agensa;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' om non deu amar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui fai desmantenensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A so don totz bes</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ven e nais et es</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Salvamens e fes;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' ieu farai parvensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En semblan que m pes.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No us meravilhes</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Negus, si eu muov guerra</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab fals mal apres</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' a son poder soterra</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Totz bos faitz cortes,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'ls encauss' e 'ls enserra:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Trop se fenh arditz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar de Roma ditz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mal, qu' es caps e guitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De totz selhs qu' en terra</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">An bos esperitz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En Roma es complitz </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Totz bes, e qui 'ls li pana</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sos sens l' es falhitz; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar si meteys enguana, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' elh n' er sebellitz, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don perdra sa ufana: </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dieus auia mos precx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que selhs qu' an mals becx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Joves e senecx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Contra la ley romana,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Caion dels bavecx.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, selhs per pecx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tenc totz e per gent grossa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per orbs e per secx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que lur carns e lur ossa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cargon d' avols decx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don caion en la fossa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On lur es sermatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pudens focx malvatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don mais desliatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No seran del trasdossa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' an de lurs peccatz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, ges no m platz </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' avols hom vos combata;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels bos avetz patz, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Q' usquecx ab vos s' aflata: </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels fols lurs foldatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fes perdre Damiata;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas li vostre sen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fan sels ses conten</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Caytiu e dolen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que contra vos deslata,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni regna greumen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, veramen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sai e cre ses duptansa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' a ver salvamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aduretz tota Fransa;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Oc, e l' autra gen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que us vol far ajudansa.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas so que Merlis</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Prophetizan dis</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del bon rey Loys</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que morira en pansa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ara s' esclarzis.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Piegz de Sarrazis</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E de pus fals coratge,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Heretiers mesquis</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Son qui vol lur estatge;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ins el foc d' abis,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vay en loc de salvatge,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En dampnatio, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar selhs d' Avinho </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Baysses, don m' es bo, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, lo mal pezatge, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don grans merces fo.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, per razo</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Avetz manta destorta</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dressad' a bando;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et uberta la porta</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De salvatio</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don era la claus torta,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que ab bon govern</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Bayssatz folh esquern;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui sec vostr' estern,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' angel Michel lo 'n porta,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l garda d' ifern.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' estiu e l' yvern</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Deu hom ses contradire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, lo cazern</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Legir, si que no s vire;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E quan ve l' esquern</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum Iehus pres martire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Albir se lo cas</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si 's bos crestias;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S' adoncx non a cossire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Totz es fols e vas.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, los trefas</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sa leys sospechoza</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Als fols gigz vilas,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que fos de Tolosa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On d' enjans certas</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non es doncx vergonhoza,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni ans de dos ans;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas si 'l coms prezans</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cove qu' els engans</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lays e la fe duptoza,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E restaur' els dans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, lo reys grans</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' es senhers de dreytura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Als falses Tolzans</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don gran mal' aventura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar tot a sos mans</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fan tan gran desmezura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Q' usquecx lo rescon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E torbon est mon:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'lh comte Raymon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S' ab elhs plus s' asegura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No 'l tenray per bon.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, be s cofon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E val li pauc sa forsa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui contra vos gron,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni bast castelh ni forsa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar en tan aut mon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No s met ni no s' amorsa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que dieus non recort</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Son erguelh e 'l tort</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don pert tota s' escorsa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E pren dobla mort.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, be m conort,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el coms ni l' emperaire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueys que son destort</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De vos, no valon gayre;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar lur folh deport</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E lur malvat veiaire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los fatz totz cazer,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A vostre plazer,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Q' us no s pot tener;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sitot s' es guerreiayre,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non li val poder.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, ieu esper </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que vostra senhoria</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E Fransa, per ver, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cuy no platz mala via, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fassa dechazer </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' erguelh e l' eretgia, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fals heretges quetz </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que non temon vetz, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni cre als secretz; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tan son ples de feunia </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E de mals pessetz!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, be sabetz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que fort greu lur escapa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui au lor decretz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aissi tendon lur trapa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab falces trudetz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab que quascus s' arrapa;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Totz son sortz e mutz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el lur tolh salutz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don quecx es perdutz, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ilh n' an capel o capa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E remanon nutz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Clauzis e sauputz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Naysson, senes falhida,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Crematz o perdutz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que lur malvada vida</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' anc negus vertutz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No fe, ni ges auzida,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non avem sivals,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si fos leyals</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lur vida mortals,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dieus crey l' agra eyssauzida;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas non es cabals.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui vol esser sals</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ades deu la crotz penre</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per heretiers fals</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dechazer e mespenre;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el celestials</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Hi venc son bras estendre,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tot per sos amicx;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E pus tals destricx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pres, ben es enicx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Selh que no 'l vol entendre </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni creyr' als chasticx.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, si pus gicx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Renhar selhs que us fan anta</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al Sant Esperitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quant hom lor o aconta,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tan son fols mendicx</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Q' us ab ver no s' afronta,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No y auras honor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, li trachor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Son tan ples d' error</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' on plus pot quascus monta</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quecx jorn sa follor.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, folh labor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fa qui ab vos tensona;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De l' emperador</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dic, s' ab vos no s' adona,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' en gran deshonor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ne venra sa corona,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sera razos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas pero ab vos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Leu troba perdos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui gen sos tortz razona,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni n' es angoissos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Roma, 'l glorios</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que a la Magdalena</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Perdonet, don nos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Esperan bona estrena;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo fols rabios</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tans ditz fals semena,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fassa d' aital for</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Elh e son thezor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E son malvat cor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum heretiers mor.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Germonde, dame de Montpellier.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXX.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ieu ai ja vista manhta rey</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don anc no fis semblan que vis,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ai ab tal joguat e ris</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don anc guaire no m' azautey;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ai servit a manht hom pro</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don anc no cobrey guazardo;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et a manh nesci, ab fol parlar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ai ja vist trop ben son pro far.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ai ja vist per avol drut</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A domna 'l marit dezamar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et a manh nesci acaptar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Plus qu' a un franc aperceubut,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E per domnas ai ja vist ieu</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A manht hom despendre lo sieu;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ai ne vist amat ses dar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E mal volgut ab molt donar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ieu ai vist donas demandar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab plazers et ab honramens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueys venia us desconoyssens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Abrivatz de nesci parlar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' en avia la mielher part.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Esguardatz si son de mal art!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Manthas n' i a qu' els plus savays</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Acuelhon mielhs en totz lurs plays.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ieu ai vist en domnas ponhar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' ensenhatz e de ben apres,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l nescis avinen nemes</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el plus savis ab gen preyar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ai vist nozer chauzimens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A trops valer ab trichamens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que val mais, a mos entens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En luec foudatz que sobriers sens.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A domn' ai vist hom encolpar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De so que no meria mal,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E que so laissavon de tal</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On se pogron a dreg clamar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ai ja tal ren esguardat</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On n' er en ren mon cor virat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que m' an fait mos rics volers</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Manthas vetz dons e desplazers.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Guillaume Adhémar.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXI.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui se membra del segle qu' es passatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Com hom lo vi de totz bos faitz plazen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni com hom ve malvais e recrezen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aquel d' aras, ni com er restauratz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non er per cel qui venra plus malvatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Totz hom viura ab gran dolor membran</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cals es ni fo ni er d' aissi enan.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas non es dreitz c' om valens ni prezatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Se recreza per aital membramen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ans taing s' esfortz tot jorn plus vivamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' om sufra 'l fais de pretz qu' es mesprezatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car cel n' a mais que plus fort n' es cargatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E car es dreitz s' esforso ill prezan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De ben, on plus l' avol s' en van laisan.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En plus greu point non pot nuillz esser natz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Com cel que pert dieu e 'l segl' eissamen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tot aital son li trist malvatz manen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' an mes a mort domnei, joi e solatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tan los destreing non fes e cobeitatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' onor e pretz en meton en soan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dieu e 'l mon en geten a lor dan.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ai! com pot tan esser desvergoignatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nuls hom gentils que an' enbastarden</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Son lignatge per aur ni per argen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que l' avers vai leumens e la rictatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l vida es breus, e la mortz ven viatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per c' om degra leialmen viure aman,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Deu retener del mon grat gen regnan.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels maiors mov tota la malvestatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E pois apres de gra en gra deissen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tro als menors, per que torn en nien</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fins jois e pretz, e qui vol pretz ni 'l platz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pot l' aver leu, car tan n' es granz mercatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que per cinc solz n' a hom la peza e 'l pan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si 'l tenon vil li ric malvatz truan.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Na Gradiva, qui que estei malvatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per vos n' azir malvestat et enjan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et am valor e joi e pretz e chan.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al rei tramet mon sirventes viatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cel d' Aragon, qu' el fais lo plus pesan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sosten de pretz, per qu' el ten entre man.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Sordel.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo segle m' es camjatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tan fort, don suy iratz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' a penas sai que m dia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu suelh esser uzatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De chans e de solatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E de cavalairia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mesclat ab cortezia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E so per qu' om valia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Era ma voluntatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et en ditz et en fatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et en tot quan podia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E las domnas vezia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Selhas cuy valor tria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab lur plazens beutatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don era conortatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De gran joy qu' en avia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E trac en garentia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Amor que mi movia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del tot m' era donatz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A so que valor platz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l segles m' o sufria.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aras tem que blasmatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En fos e condampnatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S' ieu res d' aisso fazia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del tot mi suy viratz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Totz enicx e forsatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A so que no m plai mia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que me coven de platz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pensar e d' avocatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per far libelhs tot dia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E pueys esgart la via</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si nulh corrieu veiria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ilh venon daus totz latz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Polsos et escuyssatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que la cortz los m' envia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si dizon folhia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Blasmar non l' auzaria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueys me dizon: Puiatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En cort e demandatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La pena s' escieuria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' om no us perdonaria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si 'l jorn en vos falia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Veus a que suy tornatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Senhors, ar esgardatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si sui be a la lhia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu am trop mais lo glatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No fas las flors dels pratz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que no sai on me sia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Senhors, a dieu siatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar hom que viu iratz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Val meyns que si moria;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' al rey Castellan platz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' es sobre totz honratz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu tengua lai ma via,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' en elh m' er restauratz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Joys e chans e solatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' alhors no m revenria.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Bertrand d' Alamanon.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXIII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per lo mon fan l' us dels autres rancura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Li clerc dels laicx, e 'l laic d' elhs eissamen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E li poble s planhon de desmezura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De lors senhors, e 'l senhors d' elhs soen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aissi es ples lo mons de mal talen:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas er venon sai deves Orien</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Li Tartari, si dieus non o defen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' els faran totz estar d' una mensura.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per manh forfag e per mantha laidura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' an fag e fan clerc e laic malamen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Venra, si ven esta dezaventura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A crestias, s' a dieu merce non pren,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que fass' al papa metr' atempramen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En so don an li clerc e 'l laic conten;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar si 'lh los fai ben d' un acordamen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non lor pot pueys nozer nulh' aventura.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A! per que vol clercx belha vestidura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni per que vol viure tan ricamen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni per que vol belha cavalgadura?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el sap que dieus volc viure paubramen:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni per que vol tan l' autrui ni enten?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el sap que tot quan met ni quan despen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Part son manjar e son vestir vilmen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tolh als paubres, si non men l' Escriptura.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Els grans senhors per que no y s prendon cura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que no fasson tort, ni forson la gen?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu non tenc ges per menor forfaitura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' om fors' els sieus cum quan l' autrui dreg pren;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ans es mager, quar falhis doblamen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar so de se ni d' autrui non defen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A son poder los sieus, adrechamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Falh en dreg lor tan qu' en pert sa drechura.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas totz pobles a de bon sen frachura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' a son senhor fassa en re falhimen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar totz hom deu amar d' amistat pura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Son bon senhor e servir leyalmen:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A senhor tanh qu' am los sieus bonamen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que lialtatz lor ne fai mandamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que l' us ame l' autre tan coralmen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que no s puesca entr' els metre falsura.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Reys Castellas, l' emperis vos aten;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas sai dizon, senher, qu' atendemen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fai de Breto, per que s mov grans rancura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que d' aut rey tanh, quant un gran fag enpren,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el tragu' a cap o 'n segua s' aventura.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Guillaume de Montagnagout.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXIV.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del tot vey remaner valor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' om no s n' entremet sai ni lay,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni non penson de nulh ben say,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni an lur cor mas en l' aor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E meron mal clercx e prezicador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar devedon so qu' a els no s cove,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que hom per pretz non do ni fassa be;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et hom que pretz ni do met en soan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ges de bon loc no 'l mov al mieu semblan.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar dieus vol pretz e vol lauzor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dieus fo vers hom, qu' ieu o say;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et hom que vas dieu res desfay,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dieus l' a fait aitan d' onor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' al sieu semblan l' a fait ric e maior,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E pres de si mais de neguna re;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Doncx ben es folhs totz homs que car no s te,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E que fassa en aquest segle tan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que sai e lai n' aya grat on que s n' an.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ar se son faitz enqueredor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E jutjon aissi com lur play;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pero l' enquerre no m desplay,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ans me plai que casson error,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qu' ab belhs digz plazentiers ses yror</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Torno 'ls erratz desviatz en la fe,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qui s penet que truep bona merce;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et en aissi menon dreg lo gazan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tort ni dreg no y perdan so que y an.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Enquers dizon mais de folhor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' aurfres a dompnas non s' eschay,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pero si dompna piegz no fay</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni 'n leva erguelh ni ricor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per gen tener no pert dieu ni s' amor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni ja nulhs homs, si 'lh estiers be s capte,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per gen tener ab dieu no s dezave;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ne ylh per draps negres ni per floc blan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No conquerran ja dieu, s' al re no y fan.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tug laisson per nostre senhor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nostre clercx, lo segle savay,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E no pessan mas quan de lay</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aissi 'ls guart dieus de dezonor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum elhs non an ni erguelh ni ricor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni cobeytatz no 'ls enguana ni 'ls te,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni volon re de so belh que hom ve;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Res no volon, pero ab tot s' en van;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueys prezon pauc qui que s' i aia dan.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sirventes, vay al pros comte dese</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De Toloza, membre 'l que fag li an,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E guart se d' elhs d' esta hora enan.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Guillaume de Montagnagout.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXV.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Un sirventes fas en luec de jurar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E chantarai, per mal e per feunia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De malvestat que vey sobremontar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E decazer valor e cortezia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu vey als fals los fis amonestar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et als lairos los lials prezicar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'ls desviatz mostron als justz la via.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Enguanatz es en son nesci cuiar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Folhs qui cuia que enjans e bauzia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fassa son don decazer e mermar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Enans los sors e 'ls creys e 'ls multiplia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Meravilh me cum totz no van raubar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus malvestat ama hom e ten car,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E lialtat ten hom a fantaumia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Glotz emperier no vol vezer son par,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E li clerc an aquelha glotonia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' en tot lo mon no volrion trobar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Home mas els que tengues senhoria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' els feyron leys per terras guazanhar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum poguesson creysser e non mermar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ades fai pron un petit de baylia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab totas mas vey clergues assajar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que totz lo mons er lurs, cuy que mal sia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar els l' auran ab tolre o ab dar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">O ab perdon, o ab ypocrizia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">O ab asout, o ab beur', o ab manjar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">O ab prezicx, o ab peiras lansar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">O els ab dieu, o els ab diablia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En Gostia, diguatz m' a 'N Azemar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si defendre si vol de la clercia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Miels qu' en lur fag si guart en lur parlar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">O si que non en bada s' armaria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' els trazon so don hom no s pot guardar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que quant autres fan enguanas farguar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et elhs enguans per maior maystria.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non aus dire so que elhs auzon far,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas anc rascas non amet penchenar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni elhs home qui lur dan lur castia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre Cardinal.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXVI.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Falsedatz e desmezura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">An batalha empreza</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab vertat et ab dreytura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vens la falseza;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E deslialtatz si jura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Contra lialeza;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et avaretatz s' atura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Encontra largueza:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Feunia vens amor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E malvestatz honor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E peccatz cassa sanctor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E baratz simpleza.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si es hom que dieu descreza,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sos afars enansa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab que non aia grineza</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas d' emplir sa pansa:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A cui platz dreitz e tortz peza</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Soven a grevansa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qui s' enten en sancteza</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tray greu malanansa;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et an l' enguanador</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De lur afar honor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas li mal entendedor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Jutjon per semblansa.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aras es vengut de Fransa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que hom non somona</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas selhs que an aondansa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De vin e d' anona,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qu' om non aia coindansa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab paupra persona,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et aia mais de bobansa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aquelh que meyns dona,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qu' om fassa maior</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' un gran trafeguador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qu' om leve lo trachor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l just dezapona.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Coms Raymon, ducx de Narbona,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Marques de Proensa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vostra valors es tan bona</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tot lo mon gensa;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar de la mar de Bayona</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Entro a Valensa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Agra gent falsa e fellona</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lai ab viltenensa;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas vos tenetz vil lor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que Frances bevedor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Plus que perditz ad austor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No vos fan temensa.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ben volon obediensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Selhs de la clercia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E volon ben la crezensa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sol l' obra no y sia:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Greu lur veyretz far falhensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas la nueg e 'l dia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E no porton malvolensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni fan symonia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E son larc donador</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E just amassador;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas li autres n' an lauzor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ilh la folhia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No sai dire l' error</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del segle fals traytor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que fai de blasme lauzor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E de sen folhia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dieu prec per sa doussor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que ns gar d' enfernal dolor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E ilh verge Maria.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre Cardinal.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXVII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ricx hom que greu ditz vertat e leu men,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E greu vol patz e leu mov ochaizo,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dona greu e leu vol qu' om li do,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E greu fai be e leu destrui la gen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E greu es pros e leu es mals als bos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E greu es francx e leu es orgulhos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E greu es larcx e leu tol e greu ren,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Deu cazer leu d' aut luec en bas estatge.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De tals en sai que pisson a prezen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et al beure rescondo s dins maizo;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et al manjar no queron companho,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et al talhar queron en mais de cen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et a l' ostal son caitiu e renos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et a tort far son ric e poderos;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et al donar son de caitiu prezen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et al tolre fortz e de gran coratge.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Malditz es hom qui 'l ben laissa e 'l mal pren;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'ls ricx an pres enguan e tracio,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et an laissat condug e messio;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et an pres dan e gran destruzimen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et an laissat lays e vers e chansos;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et an pres plaitz, e novas e tensos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et an laissat amor e pretz valen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et an pres mal voler e far outratge.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aissi cum son maior an meyns de sen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab mais de tort et ab meyns de razo,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab mais de dan tener, ab meyns de pro,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab mais d' orguelh, ab meyns de cauzimen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab mais de tolre et ab meyns de bels dos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab mais de mals, ab meyns de bels respos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab mais d' enueg, ab meyns d' ensenhamen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab mais d' enguan, ab meyns de bon coratge.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ara diguatz, senhors, al vostre sen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De dos barons qual a maior razo,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quan l' un dels dos pot dar e tolre no,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' autre pot tolr' e dar no pot nien:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ar diran tug que dars val per un dos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E veyretz los tolre totas sazos;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A que far doncx van emblan ni tolen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus lo donars a dos tans d' avantatge?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mos chantars es enueg als enoios</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et als plazens plazers; cui platz razos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tug li dig son enoios e plazen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">So qu' als us platz als autres es salvatge.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre Cardinal.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXVIII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Li clerc si fan pastor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E son aucizedor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E semblan de sanctor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quan los vey revestir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E pren m' a sovenir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">d' En Alengri q' un dia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Volc ad un parc venir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas, pels cas que temia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pelh de moton vestic,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab que los escarnic;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueys manjet e trahic</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Selhas que l' abellic.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Rey et emperador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Duc, comte e comtor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E cavallier ab lor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Solon lo mon regir;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aras vey possezir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A clercx la senhoria</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab tolre et ab trazir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ab ypocrizia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab forsa et ab prezic,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tenon s' a fastic</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui tot non lor o gic, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et er fag quan que tric.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aissi cum son maior,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Son ab mens de valor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ab mais de follor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ab mens de ver dir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ab mais de mentir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ab mens de clercia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ab mais de falhir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ab mens de paria;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels fals clergues o dic,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ancmais tant enemic</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ieu a dieu non auzic</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De sai lo temps antic.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quan son al refector,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No m' o tenc ad honor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' a la taula aussor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vey los cussos assir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E primiers s' eschausir;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Auiatz gran vilania,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar hi auzon venir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et hom non los en tria;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pero anc non lai vic</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Paupre guarso mendic</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sezer latz qui son ric;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' aisso los vos esdic.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ja non aion paor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Alcays ni Almassor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que abbas ni prior</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los anon assalhir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni lurs terras sazir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que afans lur seria;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas sai son en cossir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del mon quossi lur sia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni cum En Frederic</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Gitesson de l' abric;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pero tal l' aramic</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' anc fort no s' en jauzic.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Clergues, qui vos chauzic</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ses fellon cor enic</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En son comde falhic,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' anc peior gent no vic.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre Cardinal.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXIX.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per folhs tenc Polles e Lombartz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E Longobartz et Alamans,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si volon Frances ni Picartz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A senhors ni a drogomans;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar murtriers a tort</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tenon a deport;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ieu non laus rey</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que non guarde ley.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et aura 'l ops bos estandartz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E que fieira mielhs que Rotlans,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E que sapcha mais que Raynartz, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et aia mais que Corbarans;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tema meyns mort</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el coms de Monfort,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui vol qu' a barrey</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo mons li sopley. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas sabetz quals sera sa partz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De las guerras e dels mazans?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los critz, las paors e 'ls reguartz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que aura fagz, e 'l dol e 'l dans</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Seran sieu per sort.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' aitan lo conort,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ab aital charrey</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Venra del torney.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ben petit val tos giens ni t' artz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si pertz l' arma per tos efans;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per l' autruy carbonada t' artz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E l' autruy repaus t' es afans;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueys vas a tal port</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On cre que quecx port</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' enguan e 'l trafey</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'ls tortz faitz que fey.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Anc Carles Martel ni Girartz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni Marsilis ni Aigolans</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni 'l rey Gormons ni Yzombartz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non aucizeron homes tans</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que n' aion estort</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo valen d' un ort;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni non lur envey</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Thezaur ni arney.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non cug qu' a la mort</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Negus plus enport</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aver ni arney,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas los faitz que fey.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre Cardinal.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XL.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tos temps azir falsetat et enjan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ab vertat et ab dreg mi capdelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si per so vauc atras o avan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No m' en rancur, ans m' es tot bon e belh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' els uns dechai lialtatz mantas vetz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'ls autres sors enjans e mala fes;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas si tant es qu' om per falsetat mon,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' aquel montar dissen pueys en preon.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Li ric home an pietat tan gran</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De paubra gen, com ac Caym d' Abelh;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que mais volon tolre que lop no fan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E mais mentir que tozas de bordelh:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si 'ls crebavatz en dos locx o en tres,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No us cugessetz que vertatz n' issis ges</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas messongas, don an al cor tal fon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que sobrevertz cum aigua de toron.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mans baros vey, en mans luecx, que y estan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Plus falsamen que veyres en anelh;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qui per fis los ten falh atrestan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cum si un lop vendia per anhel;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar els no son ni de ley ni de pes;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ans foron fag a ley de fals poges, PUGESA</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On par la cros e la flors en redon,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E no y trob om argent quan lo refon.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Daus Orient entro 'l solelh colguan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fas a la gent un covinent novelh;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al lial hom donarai un bezan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si 'l deslials mi dona un clavelh;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et un marc d' aur donarai al cortes</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si 'l deschauzitz mi dona un tornes;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al vertadier darai d' aur un gran mon,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si m don' un huou quecx messongier que y son.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tota la ley qu' el pus de las gens an</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Escriuri' eu en un petit de pelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En la meitat del polguar de mon guan;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'ls pros homes paysseria d' un tortelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar ja pels pros no fora cars conres; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas si fos hom que los malvatz pagues, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cridar pogra, e non gardessetz on: </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Venetz manjar li pro home del mon.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sel que no val ni ten pro per semblan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pros ni valen non tanh que hom l' apel</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni vertadier, quan met dreg en soan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quan dreitura ni vertat non l' es bel;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car qui fai mal ni tort, razos non es</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' en cueilla grat ni lauzor ni pretz ges;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E se ditz ben un reprochier pel mon:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sel q' una ves escorja autra non ton.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A totas gens dic e mon sirventes</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que si vertatz e dreitura e merces</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non governon home en aquest mon,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni sai ni lai no cre valors l' aon.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Faidit, vai t' en chantar lo sirventes</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Drech al Tornel a 'N Guigo, qui que pes,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car de valor non a par en est mon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas mon senher En Ebles de Clarmon.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre Cardinal.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLI.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tals cuia be</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aver filh de s' espoza,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que no y a re</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Plus que selh de Toloza;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar s' esdeve</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que la molher coitoza</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Acuelh ab se</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Alcun baratador,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don ilh rete,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Plus vilh d' un' autra toza,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Un filh de que</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fai heres al senhor:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per so ai fe</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que malvestatz si noza</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En tal qu' ieu cre</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que fon filhs de prior.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant es viratz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo mons en desmezura</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que falsetatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Es en luec de drechura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E cobeitatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Creys ades e melhura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E malvestatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Es en luec de valor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E pietatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A d' hoste sofrachura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E caritatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fai del segle clamor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es lauzatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui de dieu non a cura,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E pauc prezatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui vol aver s' amor.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui des en sai</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Entro en la Turquia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E daus en lai</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tro que part Normandia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ad un savai</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Baron tot o daria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non cug ni sai</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que visques ses rancor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que greu si fai</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que fort gran manentia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Son don apai</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De conquerre maior;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mal li eschai</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aitan grans baronia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus non l' estrai</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del nom de raubador.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mais val assatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Un ribaut ab pauprieyra,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que viu en patz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sofre sa nescieyra,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Q' us coms malvatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tot jorn fai sobrieira</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' avols peccatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que non tem dezonor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' al ribaut platz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La via dreitureira,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l coms es las</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De dieu e de sanctor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E quar lo bas</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Hom a valor entiera</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l coms non pas,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pretz ieu mais lo melhor.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E que faran</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Li baron de mal aire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tot jorn fan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo mal e 'l be non guaire?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quossi poiran</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los tortz qu' an faitz desfaire?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que lur enfan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Seran plus tolledor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E non daran</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En l' arma de lor paire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo pretz d' un guan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni negus en la lor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E li enguan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' auran fag l' enguanaire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Retornaran</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sobre l' enguanador.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non ai talan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' aver aital repaire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' eras en chan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E totz temps mais en plor.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre Cardinal.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus ma boca parla sens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E mos chantars es faitis,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vuelh ab belhs motz ben assis</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dressar los entendemens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels malvais mal entendens, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que cuion que valha mais </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Hom messongiers que verais; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l sen tenon a folhia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l dreit tornon en biais.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ves yfern fay son eslais,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l govern ten ves abis,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Selh que vertatz aborris</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni ab dreitura s' irais;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar tals bast murs e palais</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del dreit de las autras gens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el segles deconoyssens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ditz que mot fa bona via,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar es savis e creyssens.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tot atressi com l' argens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El foc arden torna fis,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S' afina e s' adoussis</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo bons paupres paciens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En las trebalhas cozens;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l malvatz manens savais,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On plus gent si viest e s pais,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Conquier de sa manentia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dolor e pena e pantais.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas d' aisso no 'l pren esglais,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar gallinas e perdis</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo conorton e 'l bos vis,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l ben qu' en la terra nais,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dont el es jauzens e gais;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueys ditz a dieu en ligens:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ieu suy paupres e dolens.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si dieus li respondia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Poiria 'l dire: Tu mens.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Semblans es als aguilens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Croys hom que gent si guarnis,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que defora resplandis</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dins val meyns que niens;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es mager fenhemens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que si us escaravais</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si fenhia papaguais,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quan se fenh que pros hom sia </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Us malvatz manens savais.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tals si fenh pros e valens,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar sol gent si viest e s pais,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que es malvatz e savais;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas si los autres payssia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per aquo valria mais.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre Cardinal.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLIII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui ve gran maleza faire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De mal dir no se deu traire;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' ieu vuelh dir e retraire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que ricx hom dezeretaire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Es piegers que autre laire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fai diablia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Peior que negun raubaire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tart se castia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ricx hom, quan va per carreira,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El mena per companheira</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Malvestat, que vai primeira</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E mejana e derreira;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E gran cobeitat enteira</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Li fai companhia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tort porta la senheira,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et erguelh la guia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ricx hom mals quan vay en plassa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que cuiatz vos que lai fassa?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quant autr' om ri e solassa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A l' un mov plag, l' autre cassa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' un maldi, l' autre menassa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E l' autre afolhia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E no y fai joy ni abrassa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si com far deuria.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ricx hom, quan fai sas calendas</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sas cortz e sas bevendas,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De toutas e de rezendas</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fai sos dos e sas esmendas,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sos lums e sas oferendas,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E de raubaria;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et en guerras met sas rendas</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et en plaideria.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ricx hom mals, quan vol far festa, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Auiatz quossi fai sa questa:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant bat la gent et entesta</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tro que denier non lur resta,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que no y qual venir tempesta</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni fam ni moria;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueys fai cara mout honesta,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui no 'l conoyssia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Un pauc ai dig de la gesta</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que dire volia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas tan gran massa n' y resta</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que fort pauc embria.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre Cardinal.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLIV.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tartarassa ni voutor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No sent plus leu carn puden</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Com clerc e prezicador</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Senton ont es lo manen:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mantenen son siei privat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E quan malautia 'l bat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fan li far donatio</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tal que 'l paren no y an pro.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Frances e clerc an lauzor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De mal, quar ben lur en pren;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E renovier e trachor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">An tot lo segl' eyssamen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ab mentir et ab barat</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">An si tot lo mon torbat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que no y a religio</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que no sapcha sa lesso.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Saps qu' esdeven la ricor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De selhs que l' an malamen?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Venra un fort raubador</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que non lur laissara ren,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">So es la mortz, qu' els abat;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ab quatr' aunas de filat</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los tramet en tal maizo</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ont atrobon de mal pro.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Hom, per que fas tal follor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que passes lo mandamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De dieu, que es ton senhor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E t' a format de nien?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La trueia ten el mercat</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Selh que ab dieu se combat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el n' aura tal guizardo</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Com ac Judas lo fello.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dieus verais, plens de doussor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Senher, sias nos guiren;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Guardatz d' enfernal dolor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Peccadors e de turmen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E solvetz los del peccat</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En que son pres e liat;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E faitz lur verai perdo</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab vera confessio.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre Cardinal.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLV.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tot atressi com fortuna de ven</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que torba 'l mar e fa 'ls peyssos gandir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Es torbada en est segle la gen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per un fort ven que dels cors fan salhir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fals messongiers, deslial e trahire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab que s cuion eyssaussar e formir;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et en aissi fan veritat delir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'n pert son dreg hom bos qui 'l ver vol dire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A! greu sera est segl' en l' estamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que a estat, segon que auzem dir;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que hom era crezutz ses sagramen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab sol la fe, si la volgues plevir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E veritatz era sens escondire;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ar es tornatz lo segl' en tal azir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que quecx pessa de son par a trazir;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' ieu apelh aquest segle trazire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui auzes dir quals son li falhimen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que fan en cort selhs qui degron regir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et an jurat de tenir lialmen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dreg a quascun? primiers los vey fallir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fan semblan aqui mezeis de rire;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'ls clamatiers, quan ven al departir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab penhoras, ab dar et ab servir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Perdon lo sen, quant auzo 'l jutge dire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Entr' els clergues non truep departimen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tut son d' un sen, d' un cor e d' un albire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E siervon dieu aitan honestamen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nulh' autra ren non lur pot abellir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni es nulhs hom que mal en puesca dire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas selh que y es, si doncx no vol mentir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el cavalguar e 'l manjar e 'l dormir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l juec d' amor tenon a gran martire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No y truep cosselh mas qu' estem lialmen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E que pensem e Ihesum Crist servir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar el nasquet pel nostre salvamen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E volc en crotz per nos la mort sofrir;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aital senhor, qui 'n poiri' autr' eslire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el fes de se nau per nos reculhir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Als grans perils don no podem gandir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ses cofessar, e so qu' aurem fag dire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre Cardinal.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLVI.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tan son valen nostre vezi,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tan cortes e tan huma,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que si las peiras eran pa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E que las aiguas fosson vi,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E li pueg bacon e pouzi,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No serion larc, tals n' i a.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tals n' i a, mas non dirai qui,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que foron porc en Guavauda,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et en Vianes foron ca,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et en Velaic foron masti,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Seguon l' afaitamen cani;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas, quar non an coa, rema.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En jurar de femna no m fi,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni son sagramen no vuelh ja;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar si 'l metiatz en la ma</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per ver dir un marabeti,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E per mentir un barbari,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo barbari guazanhara.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tals a lo semblant effanti</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el sens es de Trebellia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l lengua de logicia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l voluntatz d' En Alengri:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tals a belh cors e saura cri</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que dins a felh cor e vila.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dig vuelh aver de Sarrazi</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fe e ley de crestia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E subtileza de paia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ardimen de Tartari;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qui es guarnitz en aissi</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Val be messongier Castella.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar fai tort e messongas di</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Atressi com de tals n' i a.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre Cardinal.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLVII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Razos es qu' ieu m' esbaudey,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sia jauzens e guays</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El temps que fuelha e flor nays,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et un sirventes despley,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar lialtatz a vencut</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Falsedat; e non a guaire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que ieu ai auzit retraire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Q' uns fortz trachers a perdut</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Son poder e sa vertut.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dieus fai e fara e fey,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si com es dous e verays,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dreitz als pros et als savays,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E merce segon lur ley:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar a la pagua van tut</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' enguanat e l' enguanaire, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si com Abels e son fraire; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que 'l traytor seran destrut </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E li trahit ben vengut.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dieu prec que trachors barrey</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E los degol e 'ls abays</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aissi com fos los Alguays,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar son de peior trafey:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas aisso es ben sauput,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pieger es tracher que laire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Atressi com hom pot faire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De covers morgue tondut,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fai hom de trachor pendut.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De lops e de fedas vey</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que de las fedas son mays;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E per un austor que nays </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Son mil perditz, fe que us dey: </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ad aquo es conogut</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que hom murtrier ni raubaire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No platz tant a dieu lo paire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni tan non ama son frut</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Com fai del pobol menut.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Assatz pot aver arney</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E cavals ferrans e bays,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tors e murs e palays,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ricx hom, sol que dieu reney:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Doncx ben a lo sen perdut</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Totz hom a cuy es veiaire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que, tollen l' autrui repaire,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cuge venir a salut,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni 'l don dieus quar a tolgut.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar dieus ten son arc tendut</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E trai aqui on vol traire;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fai lo colp que deu faire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A quec, si com a mergut,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Segon vizi e vertut.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre Cardinal.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLVIII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Un sirventes novel vuelh comensar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que retrairai al jorn del jutjamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A selh que m fetz e m formet de nien;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si 'l me cuia de ren ochaizonar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si 'l me vol metre en la diablia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ieu li dirai: Senher, merce no sia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el mal segle trebaliey totz mos ans,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E guardatz me, si us plai, dels turmentans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tota sa cortz farai meravilhar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quant auziran lo mieu plaideyamen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu dic qu' el fai ves los sieus fallimen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si 'l los cuia delir ni enfernar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar qui pert so que guazanhar poiria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per bon dreg a de viutat carestia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el deu esser dous e multiplicans</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De retener sas armas trespassans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ja sa porta non si degra vedar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sans Peires pren hi gran aunimen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar n' es portiers, mas que y intres rizen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quascun' arma que lai volgues intrar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar nulha cortz non er ja ben complia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que l' uns en plor e que l' autres en ria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sitot s' es sobeirans reys poyssans,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si no ns obre, sera li 'n faitz demans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los diables degra dezeretar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et agra en mais d' armas pus soven,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l dezeret plagra a tota gen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et el mezeis pogra s' o perdonar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tot per mon grat; totz los destruiria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus tug sabem qu' absolver s' en poiria;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Bel senher dieus, siatz desheretans</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels enemicx enoios e pezans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ieu no mi vuelh de vos dezesperar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ans ai en vos mon bon esperamen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que devetz m' arma e mon cors salvar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E que m valhatz a mon trespassamen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E far vos ai una bella partia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que m tornetz lai don muec lo premier dia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">O que m siatz de mos tortz perdonans;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu no 'ls feira, si no fos natz enans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S' ieu ai sai mal, et en yfern ardia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Segon ma fe, tortz e peccatz seria;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu vos puesc be esser recastinans,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que per un ben ai de mal mil aitans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per merce us prec, dona sancta Maria</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ab vostre filh nos siatz bona guia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si que prendatz los paires e 'ls enfans,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'ls metatz lay on esta sanhs Joans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre Cardinal.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLIX.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Una cieutat fo, no sai quals,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On cazet una plueia tals</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tug l' ome de la cieutat</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que toquet foron dessenat.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tug dessenero, mas sol us;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aquel escapet e non plus,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que era dins una maizo</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On dormia, quant aco fo:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aquel levet, quant ac dormit</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fon se de ploure gequit,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E venc foras entre las gens</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On tug feiron dessenamens.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' us fo vestis, e l' autre nus,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' autr' escupi vas lo cel sus;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' uns trais peira, l' autre astelas,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' autre esquisset sas gonelas,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' uns feri e l' autre enpeis,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E l' autre cuget esser reis</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tenc se ricamens pels flancx,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E l' autre sautet per los bancx;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' us menasset, l' autre maldis,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' autre ploret e l' autre ris,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' autre parlet e no sap que,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' autre fes metoas de se.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et aquel qu' avia son sen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Meravilhet se molt fortmen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vi ben que dessenat son;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E gard' aval e gard' amon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si negun savi n' i veira; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E negun savi non i a:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Grans meravelhas ac de lor;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas molt l' an els de luy maior,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el vezon estar saviamen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cuion qu' aia perdut lo sen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car so que ill fan no ill vezon faire.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A quascun de lor es veiaire</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que ill son savi e ben senat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas lui tenon per dessenat;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui 'l fer en gauta, qui en col;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El no pot mudar no s degol.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' uns l' enpenh, l' autre lo bota,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El cuia eissir de la rota;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' uns l' esquinta, l' autre l' atrai,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El pren colps e leva e chai.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cazen, levan, a grans ganbautz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S' en fug a sa maizo de sautz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fangos e batut e mieg mortz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ac gaug quan lor fon estortz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aquesta faula es al mon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Semblan et a tug silh que i son;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aquest segles es la cieutatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que es totz ples de dessenatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el maior sen c' om pot aver</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si es amar dieu e temer,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E gardar sos comandamens:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas ar es perdutz aquel sens;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La plueia sai es cazeguda;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Una cobeitatz es venguda,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Uns orgoills et una maleza</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tota la gen a perpreza;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si dieu n' a alcun onrat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' autr' el tenon per dessenat</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E menon lo de tom en vil,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car non es del sen que son il,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el sen de dieu lor par folia;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E l' amicx de dieu, on que sia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Conois que dessenat son tut,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car lo sen de dieu an perdut;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'lh tenon lui per dessenat</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car lo sen del mon a laissat.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Pierre Cardinal.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus Peyre d' Alvernhe a chantat </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels trobadors qu' en son passat, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Chantarai a mon escien</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' aquels que pueissas an trobat;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E no m' aion ges cor irat,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S' ieu lor malvatz fatz lur repren.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo premiers es de Sanh Desdier</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Guillems que chanta voluntier,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et a chantat mot avinen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas, quar son desirier non quier,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non pot aver nulh bon mestier,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es d' avol aculhimen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo segons de Sanh Antoni</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vescoms qu' anc d' amor non jauzi,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni no fes bon comensamen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que la primeyra 'l a tray;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et anc pueis re non li queri,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Siei huelh nueg e jorn ploran s' en.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E lo ters es de Carcasses</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Miravals que fai motz cortes,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dona son castel soven;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E no y estai l' an ges un mes,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ancmais kalendas no y pres;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que no i ha dan qu' il se pren.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo quartz Peirols, us alvernhatz, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' a trent' ans us vestirs portatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es pus secs de lenh' arden,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es sos chantars peiuratz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' anc, pus si fon enbaguassatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A Clarmon, no fes chan valen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l cinques es Gaucelms Fayditz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que es de drut tornatz maritz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De lieys que sol anar seguen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non auzim pueis voutas ni critz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni anc sos chans no fon auzitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas d' Uzercha entro qu' Agen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l seizes Guilems Azemars,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' anc no fo pus malvatz joglars;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et a pres manh vielh vestimen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fai de tal loc sos chantars</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don non es a sos trenta pars;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E vey l' ades paubr' e sufren.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab Arnaut Daniel son set,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' a sa vida ben non cantet</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas uns fols motz qu' om non enten;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus la lebre ab lo buou casset,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E contra suberna nadet,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No valc sos chans un aguillen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En Tremoleta 'l catalas</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui fai sos sos leuetz e plas,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sos cantars es de nien,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E peinh sos peills cum s' er' auras;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ben a trent' ans que for' <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/09/tomas-bosque-la-codonera-teruel-arago.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">albas</a>,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si no fos lo <a href="https://www.druni.es/blog/ideas-tinte-pelo-negro-azabache/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">negrezimen</a>. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l noves N Arnautz de Maruelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ades lo vey d' avol escuelh;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si dons non a chauzimen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E fay o mal, quar no l' acuelh;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ades claman merce siei huelh,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On plus canta l' aigua 'n dissen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Salh de Scola es lo dezes</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que de joglar s' es faitz borges</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A Brajairac o compr' e ven;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E quant a vendut son arnes,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El s' en va pueis en Narbones</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab un fals cantars per prezen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' onzes es Guiraudetz lo Ros</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que sol vieure d' autrui chansos;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Es enoios a tota gen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas quar cuiava esser pros, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si se partic dels filhs N Anfos </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que l' avian fag de nien.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E lo dotzes es en Folquetz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De Marcelha, us mercadairetz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et a fag un fol sagramen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quan juret que chanso no fetz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Perjur nos an say dig pro vetz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que s perjuret son essien.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E lo trezes es mos vezis</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Guillems lo marques mos cozis,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E non vuelh dire mon talen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car ab los seus chantars frairis</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S' es totz peiuratz lo mesquis,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et es viells ab barba et ab gren.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Peire Vidals es dels derriers</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que non a sos membres entiers;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et agra l' obs lenga d' argen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al vilan qu' er uns pelliciers;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que anc, pus si fetz cavaliers,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non ac pueys membransa ni sen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Guilhems de Ribas lo quinzes</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' es de totz fatz menutz apres,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E canta voluntiers non jen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E percassa s fort, s' il valgues,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car nulh tems no 'l vim bel arnes,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ans vieu ses grat e paubramen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab lo sezesme n' i aura pro</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo fals Monge de Montaudo</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ab totz tensona e conten;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et a laissat dieu per baco,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E quar anc fetz vers ni canso, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Degra l' om tost levar al ven.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo vers fe 'l monges, e dis lo</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A Caussada primeiramen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E trames lo part Lobeo</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A 'N Bernat son cors per prezen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Le Moine de Montaudon.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LI.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' autre jorn m' en pugiey al cel,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' aniey parlar ab sanh Miquel</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don fui mandatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et auzi un clam que m fon bel:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Eras l' auiatz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sanh Jolias venc denan dieu,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dis: Dieus, a vos mi clam ieu</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Com hom forsatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dezeretatz de tot son fieu,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E malmenatz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar qui ben voli' alberguar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De mati m solia preguar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu 'l fos privatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Eras no y puesc cosselh donar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab los malvatz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' aissi m' an tolt tot mon poder, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' om no m pregua mati ni ser; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Neys los colgatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Laissan mati dejus mover;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ben suy antatz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De Tolza ni de Carcasses</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No m plang ta fort ni d' Albiges,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Com d' autres fatz:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En Cataluenh' ai totz mos ces,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E y suy amatz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En Peiragorc e 'n Lemozi,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas lo coms e 'l reys los auci,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sui ben amatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et a 'n de tals en Caerci</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don sui paguatz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De lai Roergu', en Gavauda,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No m clam ni m lau qu' aissi s' esta;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pero assatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Y a d' aquelhs q' usquecx mi fa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas voluntatz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En Alvernhe ses aculhir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Podetz alberguar e venir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Descovidatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' il non o sabon fort gent dir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas ben lur platz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En Proensa et els baros</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ai ben enquera mas razos;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non sui clamatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels Proensals ni dels Guascos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni trop lauzatz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Le Moine de Montaudon.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De sirventes aurai gran ren perdutz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E perdrai en enquera un o dos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Els rics malvatz on pretz es remasutz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' a lor non platz donars ni messios,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni lor platz res que taingna a cortezia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas be lor platz quant ajoston l' argen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per so n' a mais cel que lo met plus gen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' onors val mais que avols manentia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ja non serai desmentitz ni vencutz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' anc hom escars non fo aventuros;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si n' i a un qu' en sia cregutz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Doncs n' a el faig alcun fag vergoignos:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' avers non vol solatz ni leugaria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni vol trobar home larc ni meten,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ans lo vol tal qu' estia aunidamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tal qu' endur so que manjar deuria.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que val tesaurs qu' ades es rescondutz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni cal pro tenc a nuill home qu' anc fos?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aitan n' ai eu, sol non sia mogutz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Com an aquil que lo tenon rescos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' a mi non costa un denier si s perdia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E ill an tot l' esmai e 'l pessamen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E quan perdon l' aver perdon lo sen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et a mi an pro donat de que ria.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per valens faitz es hom miells mantengutz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et acuillitz et honratz per los bos;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E n' es hom miells desiratz e volgutz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'n pot menar plus honratz compaignos:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que malvestatz ab pretz no s' aparia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni s' acordon per lo mieu escien;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que pretz vol dar e metre largamen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E malvestatz estreing e serra e lia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lai a 'N Guillem Augier, on pretz s' es clutz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tramet mon chant, car el es cabalos;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'ls enemics ten sobratz e vencutz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et als amics es francs et amoros,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Larcs et adregs e senes vilania;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tot quant a dona e met e despen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E non o fai ges ab semblan dolen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' en val mais, ja tan pauc non metria.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Bertrand du Pujet.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LIII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab gran dreg son maint gran seignor del mon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sempre de bos servidors sofraichos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ab gran dreg prendon maintas sazos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Danz e destrics, quan se pogran gandir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ab gran dreg faillon a conquerer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Terras e gent, quan n' an cor e voler,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car an mes tot so per qu' om vai pueian</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En honrament et en pretz, en soan.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E car il tan senz tota valor son</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non dur' ab els servire fiz ni bos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car s' esdeve, sia tortz o razos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que cascuns vol l' us aprendr' e seguir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De son seignor per miels ab lui caber:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Doncs si fezesson aissi lur dever</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Li croi seignor com il s' en van loingnan,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Grieu aurion servidor mal obran.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sol per so si dechai e s cofon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo segl' e s pert, car il son nuaillos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E nonchalen de totz faitz cabalos;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E m meravil com pot esdevenir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' il no voillan proeza mantener,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car s' ab proeza pueion en poder</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et en ricor, don tan gran talent an,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' eu m' en vau trop fort meraveillan.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car totz seingner, on mais a cor volon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' aver mais e d' esser mais poderos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De valer deu esser mais voluntos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E de tot so que fassa 'ls pros grazir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E maiorment de dar, car fai tener</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per pro maint hom a pauc d' autre saber,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E de tot' autra valor sol que n' an,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el don si gart qu' o met en luec prezan.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E s' om prezatz, que don pren, no i respon</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Gent, quant obs es l' onors e 'l pretz e 'l pros</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' en ven, celui per cui faig es lo dos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Restaura tot; car chascus que l' au dir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si s preza ren ni sab en re valer,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A tan bon cor vas lui com degr' aver</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cel que n' a pres lo don, per qu' a afan</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No s deu nuls hom tener dar si onran.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Als seingnors cug aver faig gran plazer </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En aquest chant, al pros per mantener </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lur bel capteing, et als autres montran, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S' il volon far lur pron, so qu' a far an.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Boniface Calvo.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LIV.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per tot so c' om sol valer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et esser lauzatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Deval et es encolpatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car es proeza folia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E leialtatz non sabers</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E gaieza leujaria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' aissi es camjatz valers</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En avoles' e il en lui, qu' om te</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo croi per pro, e qu' el pros non val re.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sitot * eu saber</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De far malvestatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per q' eu seria prezatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et en poder puiaria;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Conoissenza e devers</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mi capdellon tota via</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De guiza, que mos volers</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No m sofre ges que m plaia fais, per que</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mi prezon cil qu' el mal tenon per be.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Anz voill ab aital voler</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Meinz poder assatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que dels crois mal enseingnatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ples de tota vilania</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mi plai en re lurs plazers</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni lur mendiga paria,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car mi par lur chapteners</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant laitz e tant aunitz, que per ma fe, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qan sovinenza n' ai, m' enueg de me.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sai qu' eu faria parer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab mos ditz serratz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que m lau com outracuidatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non a totz, que s' o fazia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De messoini' auri' el vers</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Semblanz', e tant se valria;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas sitot no m faill lezers,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ges de chantar no m membra ni m sove,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas sol per cels qu' entendemenz soste.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Domna, tan mi fai plazer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Bels faitz e honratz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo senz e la granz beutatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La valors e 'l cortezia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De vos que res fors poders</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No m sofraing a far que sia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Perdutz l' auzirs e 'l vezers</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l senz dels avols, per cui s' esdeve</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' om lau celui c' avinen no s capte.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Boniface Calvo.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LV.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui ha talen de donar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tal don que sia lauzatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Entr' els savis, deu pensar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tres chauzas, ben o sapchatz:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cals es el eis taing que s pes,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E cals cel qu' el don deu penre,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E cals los dos; qu' estiers res</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No 'l pot de blasme defendre.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' om don tan gran non deu dar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' en sia trop fort grevatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni tant pauc qu' a soanar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo taingna cellui qui er datz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni dons avinens non es</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C' om lo 'n poiria rependre,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">O chauzir qu' el non saubes</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">So que s taing a far entendre.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E quant hom per si honrar </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Da 'l sieu e n' es desonratz, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No s pot maiorment desfar; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' avers e l' honors prezatz </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Val mais que nuls autre bes; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Doncs qui 'ls pert non pot contendre </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que d' autra guiza pogues</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tan bassa valor descendre.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que requer' e pregar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo rei castellan mi platz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el deia mos chanz membrar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E non crei' uns sieus privatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car il an tal us apres</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tal art, so il vol aprendre,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que quecs, per pauc qu' el n' agues,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Son pretz volri' escoiscendre.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tan mi fai ma dompn' amar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Amors, qu' en sui fol jugatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que can deuria poingnar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El rei de servir, li fatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Plazers; e no m' en tueil ges,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car sai qu' il m' en degra rendre</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Bon guierdon, s' il plagues</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Adreg sa merce despendre.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Boniface Calvo.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LVI.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mon sirventes tramet al cominal</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De tota gen, e si 'l volon auzir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni l' entendo ni 'l sabo devezir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quascus hi pot triar lo ben del mal;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que cobeytatz a tant sazit en brieu</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo mon que no y cort dreg ni tem hom dieu,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni no y trob om merce ni chauzimen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni vergonha ab lo pus de la gen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Clergue volon trastot l' an per engual</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab cobeitat gent caussar e vestir;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'l ric prelat volo s tant enantir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que ses razo alargan lor deptal</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si tenetz de lor un honrat fieu</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Volran l' aver; e no 'l cobraretz lieu,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si no lor datz una summa d' argen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E no lor faitz plus estreg covinen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Rey e comte, baylo e senescal</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Volo 'ls castels e las terras sazir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A lur gran tort las paubras gens delir;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E li baro son tornat atretal;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E ditz quascus: Ieu penrai d' aquo mieu; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ab tot son plus paubres que romieu; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E no tenon vertat ni sagramen;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E nos autres em tug d' aquelh eys sen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si monge nier vol dieus que sian sal</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per pro manjar ni per femnas tenir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni monge blanc per boulas a mentir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni per erguelh Temple ni Espital,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni canonge per prestar a renieu,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ben tenc per folh sanh Peir' e sanh Andrieu </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que sofriro per dieu aital turmen, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S' aquest s' en van aissi a salvamen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si capelan per pro beure a Noal,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni legistas per tort a mantenir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ostalier per son oste trahir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E loguadier per falsar lor jornal,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E raubador e metje e corrieu,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Rauban la gen, se salvo, non cre ieu</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que menudet no vivon folhamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E selhs qu' estan cofes e peneden.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Revendedor, obrier e menestral</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Iran a dieu, si lor o vol sofrir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab car vendre et ab pliven mentir;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E camjador et home de portal,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E renovier yssamen com Juzieu,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E noyriguier panan so qu' om lor plieu,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E laurador terras sensals tenen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Festas obran e mezinas crezen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A l' autra gen darai cosselh leyal,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sitot no 'l say a mos ops retenir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que quecx pesses de be far e de dir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que non aurem negus plus de cabal,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni 'n portarem escrit el nostre brieu</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ad aysselh jorn que rendrem comt' a dieu,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Al derrier jorn' que tenra parlamen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ayselh senhor que ns formet de nien.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De totz los reys ten hom per pus cabal</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo rey 'N Anfos, tan fay bos faitz grazir,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dels comtes selh de Rodes chauzir</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fai sa valor e son pretz natural,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dels prelatz selh de Memde, qu' el trieu</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sec drechamen e despen gent lo sieu,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dels baros son fraire, tan valen</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Son tug siey fag e siey captenemen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui mon chantar me repren no m' es grieu, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si maynt fan be sitot pauc m' en fatz ieu; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab que las gens renheson leyalmen,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pueys poirion dir: De folh apren hom sen.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Raimond de Castelnau.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LVII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cristias vey perilhar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per colpa dels regidors,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar entr' elhs no cap amors</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni patz ni dreitz, qu' ab tortz far</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Son d' autruy dreg enveyos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E creys lurs iniquitatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Creyssen lurs possessios.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En aisso truep voluntos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo pus de las poestatz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ja non dirai dels prelatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ilh devon governar nos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mostran via per salvar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si s fan don lur tanh lauzors,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dieus fassa 'ls drech guidar!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per sas obras deu mostrar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Selh que repren las follors,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si que 'l n' eschaya honors;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ayssi deu hom essenhar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar non es maiestres bos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per sol dictar apelatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si 'ls faitz no fay cabalos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aisso lais, qu' autra razos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">M' o tolh don suy apessatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' els reys truep desacordatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que d' un voler non sai dos;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant vol quascus contrastar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab l' autre, don es paors</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que dieus tot o desampar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Un temps vol dieus yssausar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Crestias, e 'l fon sabors,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar el pus era valors;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E pessavan d' elh honrar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Contra Sarrazis fellos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et avian entr' elhs patz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et amor totas sazos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas er es contrarios</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' us a l' autre, que duptatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No y es enjans ni baratz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni cuberta tracios;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L' us cuia l' autr' enjanar:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas pus greu m' es dels maiors,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el mals pot a mais montar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quan l' us ve l' autre baissar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Se deurian far socors,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar qui val a valedors;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas estiers los vey obrar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que del creysser son gilos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E del mermar fan solatz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' om val als pus poderos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Bos reys castellas, N Anfos,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab dreg faits tot quant fassatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et auretz pro companhos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El devers sia gardatz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vostres, e 'l pretz per vos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Giraud Riquier.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LVIII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qui m disses, non a dos ans,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el laus me fos desgrazitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del rey 'N Anfos, de pretz guitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mot me fora greus afans;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' er es tant vil tengut sai</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E blasmatz, que sol parlar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non aus de luy ad honor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don ai al cor tal dolor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ab pauc chant no 'n desampar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A moutz homes l' aug blasmar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que li foran valedor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si guerra l' agues sabor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant com a cor de donar:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas ieu las! suy en esmai,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Com me sol lauzar mos chans,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per elh que m' er abelhitz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant qu' ieu serai sebelhitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ans que dreg alhors los lans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mala veyra sos efans,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si 'l pus de la gent ver ditz, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que vius n' er despostaditz; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dieus don me mort enans, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar ja gran joy non aurai </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tro per ver auia comtar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que 'l sieu enemic maior</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aian ab luy tal amor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que d' elhs no 'l calha gardar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab dreg a volgut renhar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ab pretz et ab valor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Creyssen de terr' ab lauzor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo reys N Anfos que dieus gar;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et aras deu mielhs e mai</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Voler dreg e patz dos tans,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sol que non si' escarnitz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que de dieu si' aizitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sos pretz no s desenans.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mos ditz sera pro bastans</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sol que per luy si' auzitz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ieu parti totz esferzitz;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si m' enten, non l' er dans;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pero aitan li dirai</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que reys deu amicx amar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas de l' als dir ai temor,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E 'lh chauzisca son melhor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per son dreg dever a far.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Jamais no m' esforsarai</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">D' el rey castellan lauzar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni d' autre, si en error</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ven son pretz, qu' a deshonor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Me pogues ab dan tornar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No suy astrucx de senhor</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que m vuelha de cor amar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Giraud Riquier.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LIX.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fortz guerra fai tot lo mon guerreiar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E destruir, per que tot er destrutz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' ab totz esfortz vey las gens esforsar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De dechazer us austres dechazutz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De drechura, q' us non es drechuriers,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ans es ab tort qui pot pus torturiers,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant que temors de dieu no y fai temensa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qui conoys mescre sa conoyssensa.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' el mons es estranhatz de mondar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar hom no cre autre ni es crezutz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni es amatz per ren ni pot amar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni ben voler, ans es totz ben volgutz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' om dona dreg, dat per dieu, per deniers;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E per aver avera 'ls messongiers</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que dieus fa ses pro far penedensa </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Als crestias crestatz de paciensa.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Q' us ab son par no s pot apariar</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ses decebre, don quecx es deceubutz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E gualiatz, tan vol quecx gualiar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Creyssen lo sieu, don mals es tant cregutz</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' om no vol far ben, e fa voluntiers</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mal, per que patz nos fug, qu' el vers paziers</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Par que nos falh per la nostra falhensa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E no nos val quar nos no 'l faym valensa.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas qui fes totz los bes que pogra far,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E que s tengues dels mals on es tengutz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et oblides so que deu oblidar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E decores de cor so qu' es salutz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E volgues dreg quar dreitz es dreitz semdiers,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' aissi viven viu hom e non estiers,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et obezis so qu' es d' obediensa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De belh saber agra belha sabensa.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vers paires dieus, don no ns podem pairar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vera via, vertatz e vera lutz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vers salvamens per que ns devem salvar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vera bontatz don totz bes es vengutz,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Amaires vers als amadors entiers,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Defendemens defendens d' aversiers,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Faitz nos obrar tals obras ab crezensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' entr' els gueritz trobem ab vos guirensa.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Amples <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2021/01/lo-cami-traduit-per-ramon-guimera.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">camis</a> ab trops de <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2021/01/lo-cami-traduit-per-ramon-guimera.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">caminiers</a>,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Leus per saber e per tener leugiers,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Es selh de mort, e mortals ab temensa</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Selh de vida, per qu' a paucx vius agensa.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si be m falhic no crey que y fes falhensa,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mos Belhs Deportz, deport truep e guirensa.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Giraud Riquier.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LX.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vertatz es atras tirada</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E messonja enantida</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E lialtatz encaussada</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E falsetatz aculhida,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' om ten per dreg son voler </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et obra de son poder</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don tortz es tan poderos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que dreitz es a non chaler</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vengutz, que no y val sermos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sancta fes es sermonada</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mot, e pauc l' obra seguida;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant es plazens e privada</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Selha de mondana vida,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' om, per complir son plazer,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Desconoys dreg e dever,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E d' aver es tant curos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Hom, e pro non pot aver,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que no sap que s' es razos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E crey qu' a dieu non agrada</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar amors non es aizida,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni merces non es trobada;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que patz nos es falhida,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' om non la vol enquerer;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don deu lo mons dechazer,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar dieus totz savis, totz bos, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No vol en loc remaner</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">On baratz renh e tensos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas si patz fos essercada</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant com es guerr' afortida,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Erguelhs non agra cassada</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Merce qu' al mon fort oblida,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per qu' amors no y pot caber</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni sens no y pot res valer,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' erguelhs e baratz ginhos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tolhon auzir e vezer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ad home totas sazos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ihesus Cristz nos a mostrada</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Via qu' es del ver gaug guida,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas tant es pauc ademprada,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per que petit es polida,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar mot es greus per tener</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' om manjar be ni jazer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No y pot, ans viu sofrachos</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del mon que deu fort temer,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quar tot l' es contrarios.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo mons no dona lezer</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De be, e fai mal plazer;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E qui pus l' es amoros</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mens a de ben far poder,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tant es lo mals saboros!</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sanctz paires dieus glorios,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Senher, datz nos tal saber</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' el mon azirem per vos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"></span></p><p><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Giraud Riquier.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pièces morales et religieuses.<br /><br />Index:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/i-senher-dieus-que-fezist-adam.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">I, Senher dieus, que fezist Adam,</a></span></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/vers-dieus-el-vostre-nom.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">II, Vers dieus, el vostre nom e de sancta Maria</span></a></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/iii-patz-passien-ven-del-senhor.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">III, Patz passien ven del senhor</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/iv-razos-es-e-mezura.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">IV, Razos es e mezura,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/v-ben-volgra-s-esser-pogues.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">V, Ben volgra, s' esser pogues,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/vi-verges-en-bon-hora.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">VI, Verges, en bon' hora</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/vii-dieus-vera-vida-verays.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">VII, Dieus, vera vida, verays,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/viii-ja-hom-pres-ni-dezeretatz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">VIII, Ja hom pres ni dezeretatz</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ix-pus-lo-dous-temps-ve-jogan-e-rizen.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">IX, Pus lo dous temps ve jogan e rizen,</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/lo-paire-filh-sant-espirital.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">X, Lo pair' e 'l filh e 'l sant espirital</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xi-mantas-vetz-sui-enqueritz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XI, Mantas vetz sui enqueritz</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xii-nueg-e-jorn-suy-en-pensamen.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XII, Nueg e jorn suy en pensamen</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xiii-oi-maire-filla-de-dieu.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XIII, Oi! Maire, filla de dieu,</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xiv-un-decret-fauc-drechurier.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XIV, Un decret fauc drechurier,</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xv-vera-vergena-maria.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XV, Vera vergena Maria,</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xvi-dels-quatre-caps-que-la-cros.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XVI, Dels quatre caps que a la cros</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xvii-ihesum-crist-nostre-salvaire.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XVII, Ihesum Crist, nostre Salvaire,</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/ben-es-adreigz-e-sap-qu-es-alegranza.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XVIII, Ben es adreigz E sap qu' es alegranza,</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xix-sirvens-suy-avutz-et-arlotz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XIX, Sirvens suy avutz et arlotz,</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xx-domna-dels-angels-regina-lenga.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XX, Domna, dels angels regina</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxi-be-volria-de-la-mellor.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXI, Be volria de la mellor</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxii-cor-ai-e-voluntat.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXII, Cor ai e voluntat</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxiii-luecx-es-qu-om-si-deu-alegrar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXIII, Luecx es qu' om si deu alegrar;</a><br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/xxiv-esperansa-de-totz-ferms-esperans.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">XXIV, Esperansa de totz ferms esperans</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tome 5:<br /><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/10/tome-cinquieme-appendice-biographies.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Appendice - Biographies</a> (+ Index)<br /><br />Tome 6:<br /><br /><a href="https://lopapaparlechapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/11/grammaire-comparee-langues-europe-latine-chapitre-1.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Grammaire comparée langues Europe latine - chapitre 1, Substantifs</a> (+ Index)</span></p>Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1217969734972724911.post-74914713367970365802023-09-19T20:09:00.003+02:002023-09-19T20:09:56.477+02:00Código genealógico, casa de Navarra, Regum Pampilonensium<p><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;">III.<br /><br />(N. E. Es del libro Historia de España, Carlos, Charles Romey, Tomo II. Apéndice III.)</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm; page-break-before: always;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><br />Código genealógico
inédito sobre la <b>casa de Navarra</b>, de fines del siglo décimo,
conservado en los archivos del priorato de <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Mar%C3%ADa_de_Mey%C3%A1" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Santa María de Meyá</a>
(<a href="https://www.escapadarural.com/que-hacer/santa-maria-de-meia" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Meià</a>).<br /><br />1 Ordo numerum <b>Regum <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/12/ii-reg-1-fol-5-octubre-1131.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Pampilonensium</a></b> ... ::::
nneco (Enneco : <a href="http://www.enciclopedianavarra.com/?page_id=11651" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Íñigo Arista</a>) cognomento <b><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/04/santa-cruz-guia-camino-pueyo-araguas.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Aresta</a></b> genuit
<b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garc%C3%ADa_%C3%8D%C3%B1iguez_of_Pamplona" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Garsea Enneconis</a></b>, et domina <b>Assona</b> qui fuit uxor de
<u><span style="font-weight: normal;">Domingo Muza</span></u> qui
tenuit Boria et Terrero domina... <u>Onam</u> qui fuit uxor de <u>Garsea
Malo</u>.<br /><br />2 <b>Garsea Enneconis</b> accepit uxor domina...
filia de ... et genuit <u>Fortunio Garseanis</u> et Sarcia (sic)
Garseanis et domina <u>Onneca</u> qui fuit uxor de <u>Aznari
Galindones</u> de <b>Aragone.</b><br /><br />3 <b>Fortunio Garseanis</b>
accepit uxor domina <u>Oria</u> filiam de ... et genuit <u>Enneco
Fortunionis</u> et <u>Asenari Fortunionis</u>, et <u>Belasco
Fortunionis</u>, et <u>Lope Fortunionis </u>et domina <u>Enneca</u>
qui fuit uxor de <u>Asenari Sanzones</u> de Larron.<br /><br />4 <b>Sancio
Garseanis</b> accepit uxor, et genuit <u>Asnari Sancionis</u> qui et
Larron. <u>Aznari Sanzionis</u> accepit uxor domina <u>Onneca</u>,
<u>Fortuni Garceanis</u> filia, et genuit <u>Sanzion Aznari</u> et
domina <u>Tola</u> <b>regina</b> et domina <u>Sanzia.</u> Ista <u>Enneca</u>
postea accepit <b>regi Abdella</b>, et genuit <u>Mahomat Iben
Abdella</u>.<br /><br />5 <b>Enneco Fortuniones</b> accepit uxor domina
<u>Sanzia</u> filia de <u>Garsea Scemonis</u>, et genuit <u>Fortunio
Enneconis</u>... et domina <u>Auria</u>, qui fuit uxor de <u>Munio
Garseanis</u>, et domina <u>Lupa</u> uxor <u>Sanzio Lupi de
Arequil</u>.<br /><br />6 Ista domina <u>Sanzia</u> postea accepit virum
domino <u>Galindo comes de Aragone</u>, et genuit ex eo domina
<u>Andregoto</u> <b>regina</b> domina de <u>Belasquita.</u> Ista
Belasquita habuit virum <u>Enneco Lupiz de Estigi et de Zillegita</u>.<br /><br />7
<u>Asnari Fortunionis</u> accepit uxor... et genuit <u>Fortuni Asnari</u>
qui et cognomento Orbita. (salta página) pater fuit de Garsea
Fortuniones de Capanas. <br /><br />8 Belasco Fortunioni accepit uxor et
genuit domina Scemona qui fuit uxor de rege Enneco Garseanis et
domina Tota uxor de Enneco Manzones de Lucentes, et domina Sanzia
uxor Galindo Scemenonis de Pinitano Fortunio Enneconis accepit
uxor... et genuit Garsea Fortunionis, et Enneco Fortunionis et domina
Sanzia. <br /><br />9 Item alia parte regum I:::: arsea (Garsea)
Scemenonis et Enneco Scemenonis fratres fuerunt. Iste Garsea accepit
uxor Onneca Revelle de Sancosa (: Sangüesa), et genuit Enneco
Garseanis et domina Sanzia.<br /><br />10 Postea accepit uxor domina
Dadildis de <u>Paliares</u> soror Regimundi comitis, et genuit Sanzio
Garseanis et Scemeno Garseanis. (Scemeno, Scemena : Jimena, Ximena,
Gimena)<br /><br />11 Enneco Garseanis accepit uxor <u>domina Scemena</u>,
et genuit Garsea Enneconis qui fuit occisus in Ledena, et Scemene
Enneconis, et Fortunio Enneconis, et Sanzio Enneconis. Isti tres ad
Cordubam fugierunt. Eorum soror fuit Garsea Enneconis de Olza nomine
<u>domina Tota</u>. (doña Tota, Toda)<br /><br />12 Scemeno Garseanis
accepit uxor domina Sanzia Aznari Santionis filia; genuit Garsea
Scemenonis, et Sanzio Scemenonis qui habuit uxor dominam Quisilo
filia de domino <u>Garsea comitis Bagiliensis</u>, et alia filia
domina Dadildis<br />uxor de domino Muza Aznari.<br /><br />13 Iste Garsea
Scemenonis occidit sua mater in Galias in villa qui dicitur Laco, et
occiderunt eum in Saleraro Jhoannes (: Johannes) Belescones et
Cordelle. Iste Scemeno Garseanis habuit ex ancilla filium Garseanus
qui est mortuus in Cordoba.<br /><br />14 <u>Sanzio Garseanes optime
imperator</u> accepit uxor Tota Asnari, et genuit Garsea rex, et
domina Onneca, et domina Sanzia, et domina Urraca, hac domina
Belasquita, nec non domina Orbita, et ex ancilla habuit alia filia
domina Lopa, qui fuit mater de Regemundo de Bigorra.<br /><br />15 Domina
Onneca fuit uxor <b>Aldefonsi regis Legionensis</b>, et genuit filium
<u>Ordonii</u> qui est mortuus in Cordoba.<br /><br />16 Domina Sanzia
fuit uxor <u>Ordonii imperatoris</u>. Postea habuit virum Alvaro
Arrumelliz de Alaba. Demumque fuit uxor Fredenando comitis.<br /><br />17
Domina Urraca fuit uxor domini Ranimiri regis, frater Adefonsi regis,
et Froila, et habuit filios domino Sanzio rex, et domina Giloira Deo
vota.<br /><br />18 Iste Ranimirus ex alia uxore Galliciensis nomine...
habuit filium <u>Ordoni regis</u>.<br /><br />19 Domina Belasquita uxor
fuit domini Momi <u>comitis <a href="https://euskara-euskera.blogspot.com/search?q=Vizcaya" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Bischaiensis</a></u>, genuit filios Acenari
Momiz, et Lupe Momiz, et domina Belasquita. Postea uxor fuit domini
Galindo filium Bernardi comitis et domine Tute. Demumque habuit virum
Fortunio Galindonis. Garsias rex cognomento Tremellonis genuit regem
Sanctium qui pro militie strenuitate <u>Quatrimanus</u> vocabatur.
(Rey <a href="https://www.elcorreo.com/xlsemanal/historia/sancho-iii-rey-moderno-union-reinos-cristianos.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Sancho III el cuatro manos</a>, por su capacidad militar)<br /><br />20
Sanctus rex ex ancilla quadam nobilissima et pulcherrima, que fuit de
Aybari, genuit <b><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/06/como-accedio-ramiro-i-trono-aragon.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ranimirum regem</a></b> cognomento <u>Curvum</u>, quem
<u>regni particule</u> id est <b><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/06/como-accedio-ramiro-i-trono-aragon.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Aragoni</a></b> perfecit. Deinde accepit
uxorem legitimam reginam <b>Urracam</b> filiam <u>comitis Sanzio de
Castella</u>, ex qua genuit <u>Ferrarum</u> prius <u>comitem
Castelle</u>, postea <b>regem Legionis</b>, et ex ea genuit regem
<b>Garsiam Navarre</b>. Iste <u>Santius</u> regnum suum dilatavit
usque ad fluvium <b>Pisorga</b>, (<a href="https://www.miteco.gob.es/es/agua/temas/delimitacion-y-restauracion-del-dominio-publico-hidraulico/catalogo-nacional-de-reservas-hidrologicas/informacion/duero/alto-pisuerga.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Pisuerga</a>) et <b><a href="https://www.caminodesantiago.gal/es" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">caminum S. Jacobi</a></b>,
quod peregrini per devia <b><a href="https://euskara-euskera.blogspot.com/search?q=%C3%81lava" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Alabe</a></b> declinabant timore <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/07/capitulo-xli-catalunya-muerte-otger-catalon.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Maurorum</a>,
per locum ubi hodiè est, sine obstaculo currere fecit et securum.
Regnavit annis LXV et obit era MLXXII. (era 1072)</span></p>Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comPamplona, Navarra, España42.812526 -1.645774514.502292163821153 -36.8020245 71.122759836178844 33.5104755tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1217969734972724911.post-81098945163925106962023-09-04T10:25:00.007+02:002024-03-03T12:31:48.460+01:00¿Es una lengua el ribagorzano?<p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">¿</span><a href="https://www.heraldo.es/noticias/ocio-y-cultura/2023/08/31/linguistica-lengua-ribagorzano-aragon-1674960.html" rel="nofollow" style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;" target="_blank">Es una lengua el ribagorzano</a><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://www.heraldo.es/noticias/ocio-y-cultura/2023/08/31/linguistica-lengua-ribagorzano-aragon-1674960.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Gabriel Sanz Casasnovas y Javier Castel Pérez</a> han publicado un artículo científico en el que plantean que tiene entidad propia, que no es dialecto del <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/05/aragones.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">aragonés</a> o del <a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/2020/09/och-hoc-oc.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">catalán</a>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://www.heraldo.es/noticias/aragon/zaragoza/2023/07/06/la-universidad-de-zaragoza-desarrolla-un-sistema-de-ia-para-la-traduccion-de-las-lenguas-con-menos-hablantes-1663376.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">La Universidad de Zaragoza desarrolla un sistema de IA para traducir las lenguas con menos hablantes</a>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">CONTENIDO EXCLUSIVO</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://www.heraldo.es/noticias/ocio-y-cultura/2023/08/31/linguistica-lengua-ribagorzano-aragon-1674960.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">MARIANO GARCÍA</a></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.heraldo.es/noticias/ocio-y-cultura/2023/08/31/linguistica-lengua-ribagorzano-aragon-1674960.html" rel="nofollow" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><img alt="¿Es una lengua el ribagorzano?" border="0" data-original-height="556" data-original-width="990" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjI6-amojRAtX5vmO8U3Buk6nhtlxpfhAmyw6ymzr9WCHECdzIeIfYCmt1maznwnvaZhcnAllYjmC95lHpLYl2xCVJW0D8HxiqMXQhoeEd9wDPPy6ehqAZZre3OQRsu8fk8b7U-7tcXFB4D--Ej9WHybuCiFpU_KA5NlPDFJYRNBbmmc4lxN1PYoOFGRWU/w640-h360/ribagorzano.jpg" title="¿Es una lengua el ribagorzano?" width="640" /></span></a></div><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Entre 4.000 y 5.000 personas <b>hablan el ribagorzano</b> actualmente. <a href="https://www.heraldo.es/noticias/ocio-y-cultura/2023/08/31/linguistica-lengua-ribagorzano-aragon-1674960.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">S.L.A./HERALDO</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El artículo se publicó hace unos meses en el último número de ‘<a href="https://www.revistahapax.es/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Hápax</a>’, <a href="https://www.revistahapax.es/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">revista de Salamanca especializada en Lengua y Literatura</a>, y ha suscitado interés y controversia en los círculos dedicados al estudio y difusión del <a href="https://lenguasdearagon.org/aragones-patrimonio-comun/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">patrimonio lingüístico de Aragón</a>. <a href="https://unizar.academia.edu/GabrielSanzCasasnovas" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">‘Enta una individualizacion del domínio lingüístico ribagorçano</a>’ reivindica la independencia lingüística del ribagorzano, defendiendo que <b>no es ni dialecto del aragonés ni del catalán</b>, que se trata de una lengua propia. Lo firman Gabriel Sanz Casasnovas y <a href="https://sites.google.com/site/sociedat/directiva" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Javier Castel Pérez</a>, de la <a href="https://sites.google.com/site/sociedat/estatutos" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Sociedat de Lingüistica Aragonesa</a>, ambos estudiosos del tema.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://espaciopirineos.com/2022/09/21/presentacion-libro-quan-els-animal-ragonavan-de-gabriel-sanz/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Gabriel Sanz</a> (<a href="https://www.fonz.es/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Fonz</a>, 1992) es doctor en Historia y empezó a <b>hablar ribagorzano</b> de niño. Desde el año 2016 realiza encuestas a hablantes de avanzada edad, y en ellas ha encontrado razones <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/03/natxo-sorolla-ignacio-sorolla.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">sociolingüísticas </a>para defender su tesis.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Las lenguas son patrimonio de quienes las usan. Por eso las encuestas nos ofrecen valiosa información acerca de las percepciones que los usuarios poseen sobre su lengua materna –señala–. Y lo que hemos constatado entre los <b>hablantes de ribagorzano</b> de mayor edad es que tienen una percepción lingüística propia. Cuando les preguntas qué hablan, nadie dice “aragonés” o “catalán”. Ellos tienen sus etiquetas, te dicen que hablan <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/09/patues-toni-babia-jaume-marfany.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">patués</a>, <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/08/origen-terme-chapurriau.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">chapurreao</a>... A veces también recurren a etiquetas localistas como <a href="https://www.comarcas.es/pub/documentos/documentos_HABLA_0d4e9387.PDF" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">foncense</a> u otras. Y hay una minoría que dice, con rotundidad: “Hablo <b>ribagorzano</b>”. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sanz apunta que "esta última etiqueta no es nueva. Se puede rastrear hasta 1840, y es la utilizada por autores clásicos como <a href="https://puebladecastro.blogspot.com/2012/05/en-recuerdo-de-cleto-torrodellas.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Cleto Torrodellas</a>. De ahí que en 1904 se demandara ya la confección de un <b>diccionario ribagorzano</b>. Por otro lado, nuestra hipótesis tampoco es en absoluto novedosa: ya ha habido quien, desde mediados del siglo XX, considera <b>idioma al ribagorzano</b>. Nos hemos sumado a la línea interpretativa defendida por filólogos como <a href="https://dialectus.es/antonio-viudas-camarasa/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Viudas Camarasa</a> o <a href="https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/extaut?codigo=25940" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Saura Rami</a>".</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cien rasgos distintivos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El artículo, de 76 páginas, se centra sobre todo en los aspectos <b>lingüísticos </b>y en él se analizan en profundidad 20 <b>rasgos estructurales </b>del <b>ribagorzano</b>. Algunos de ellos son compartidos por las modalidades vecinas (aragonés y pallarés), mientras que otros son exclusivos del ribagorzano y todos deben verse como integrantes de él. Los autores destacan, además, que han considerado un listado preliminar cercano al centenar de <b>rasgos lingüísticos</b>, tanto <u>fonéticos </u>como <u>morfosintácticos</u>, rasgos que <b>individualizan al ribagorzano</b> frente al aragonés y el pallarés.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"El rasgo más emblemático es la <b>palatalización </b>de la l en cualquier posición –subraya Gabriel Sanz–. Es un rasgo que no existe en aragonés y que tampoco puede achacarse a la influencia del catalán, porque se documenta desde finales del siglo X, cuando no existía ni el <a href="http://www.anubar.com/colal/pdf/ALC%2001%20La%20formacion%20de%20Aragon.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">reino de Aragón</a> ni el <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2021/02/23-de-junio-capitulos.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">principado de Cataluña</a>, pero sí el <a href="https://ifc.dpz.es/webs/ubieto/fichasubieto/64.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">condado de Ribagorza</a>".</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Hay, también, diferencias léxicas. El adverbio ‘entonces’ castellano y ‘<a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2021/09/12-de-julio.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">llavors</a>’ catalán es ‘<b>alavegada</b>’ en ribagorzano, y su uso está documentado ya en el siglo XIV.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Y es que los autores del artículo no solo han basado su hipótesis en los cientos de encuestas realizadas, sino que han analizado toda la <b>documentación medieval</b> disponible que se produjo en Ribagorza, incluyendo el llamado ‘<a href="https://ifc.dpz.es/recursos/publicaciones/33/91/_ebook.pdf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Pleito del guiaje ganadero de Ribagorza</a>’ (1316-1319), el manuscrito que recoge un litigio entre los canónigos y vecinos de <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/06/san-ramon-cura-joven-desahuciada-roda-isabena.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Roda de Isábena</a> y los representantes del <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/07/pedro-iii-justas-burdeos-contra-carlos-anjou.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">rey de Aragón</a> por un impuesto.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">"Hay documentación medieval con rasgos ribagorzanos –destaca Gabriel Sanz–. Y también una humilde literatura, que va desde las <a href="https://pastorada.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">pastoradas</a> de fines del siglo XVIII hasta la actualidad, pasando por la obra del estadillano <a href="https://rondasomontano.com/revista/2023/rescatados-manuscritos-del-poeta-estadillano-bernabe-romeo-y-belloc/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Bernabé Romeo</a>".</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Un <a href="https://lafranjadelmeucul.blogspot.com/2022/08/carta-lxxxi-continua-el-episcopologio.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">territorio de frontera</a>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La Ribagorza ha sido territorio de <a href="https://lafranjadelmeucul.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">frontera</a> durante siete siglos, y ello ha hecho que muchos especialistas, al acercarse al <b>habla</b>, la hayan asociado al <u>aragonés </u>o al <u>catalán</u>, o la adscriban a las distintas ‘<b>modalidades de transición</b>’, etiqueta que los autores del artículo rechazan. "La noción de <b>transición </b>es ajena a los usuarios. El <b><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/04/el-conde-bernardo-de-ribagorza.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">ribagorzano</a> </b>debe considerarse una <b>lengua </b>distinta. Con él ha ocurrido un poco lo que ha pasado con el catalán <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2021/03/20-de-febrero.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">pallarés</a> o con las <a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/2020/09/och-hoc-oc.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">modalidades del catalán</a> de <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2021/09/johan-nicholau-canonge-urgell.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Urgell</a> o <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/12/fuster-jordi-pujol.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Andorra</a>. ¿Por qué se consideran <b>dialectos</b>? Porque en <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2021/04/12-de-mayo.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Barcelona</a> ha existido una <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/12/fuster-jordi-pujol.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">burguesía</a> que ha operado con una perspectiva muy concreta de <b>lo que debe ser el catalán</b>".<br /><br /><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2018/05/gramatica-occitana-segon-los-parlars.html" rel="nofollow" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" target="_blank"><img alt="autres dialèctes occitans, catalan comprés," border="0" data-original-height="515" data-original-width="490" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoxHClYylrar9Yn4mNxkvvJB3iLB83mT-os3l5A9Z2J0dfwg5w7iOy0GBcXaQpejXNsqRWbl6NLH5-gz4mCBRNR9OSg5ps30ZXI8_biEGLalDM11nOk1HUw3cUBX2dTOaFH_6DcJ_-hCuyfNcH5CxQQKow5KXx1oqb0mHP0dRLz-5VbNaearg94XC4NXw/w608-h640/dialectes-occitans-catalan-compres-alibert-gramatica-occitana.jpg" title="autres dialèctes occitans, catalan comprés," width="608" /></a></div><br /><p></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No existe un censo fiable del número de hablantes del <b>ribagorzano</b>. "Calculamos que pueden ser entre 4.000 y 5.000 personas, cifra similar a la de los que hablan hoy <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2018/02/aranes.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">aranés</a>, pero la distribución de esos hablantes no es uniforme. Se habla obviamente en la <b><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/04/san-pedro-tabernas-primer-nucleo-resistencia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ribagorza</a></b>; en algunas poblaciones del <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2018/06/pedro-arnal-cavero.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Somontano</a>, como <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/06/tomo-i-texto-x-rey-martin-carta-conde-urgel.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Estada </a>y <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/06/muerte-sancho-ramirez-saeta-flecha-huesca.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Estadilla</a>; en otras del Cinca Medio, como <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/search?q=Fonz" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Fonz</a>; en algunas de la <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/04/conde-bernardo-ribagorza-reconquistador-calasanz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Litera</a>, como <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/06/san-sebastian-detiene-peste-azanuy.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Azanuy</a>, <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/04/conde-bernardo-ribagorza-reconquistador-calasanz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Calasanz</a>, <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2018/11/santistebe-de-llitere.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">San Esteban de Litera</a>, <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/06/mozarabes-peralta-sal-siglo-viii.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Peralta de la Sal</a> y <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/04/conde-bernardo-ribagorza-reconquistador-calasanz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Gabasa</a> –relata Gabriel Sanz–. La investigación de <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Ne7OHRitrA" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Xavier Tomás Arias</a> revela que hace 150 años se hablaba en toda la <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/05/un-detalle-de-la-batalla-de-fraga-1134.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ribera del Cinca</a> hasta <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2018/12/motes-de-pobles-de-arago.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ballobar</a>".</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sanz aclara que "se ha perdido mucho, incluso en su dominio actual. En <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/06/amores-roderico-de-mur-zulima-graus.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Graus</a>, por ejemplo, está prácticamente extinto, y en <a href="http://www.casasantorroman.net/campo-huesca.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Campo</a> ‘muy tocado’. En general, lo hablan mayoritariamente <b>personas de más de 50 años</b> y la <b>trasmisión generacional se ha roto</b>. En los últimos años se ha hecho un esfuerzo desde las instituciones para enseñarlo en las escuelas pero en muchos sitios sigue siendo asignatura extraescolar. Y, aún enseñándola en los colegios, el único modo de que una <b><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/08/origen-terme-chapurriau.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">lengua minorizada</a> </b>perdure en el tiempo es que la comunidad que la usa esté decidida a seguir hablándola".<br /><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://www.heraldo.es/noticias/ocio-y-cultura/2024/02/21/edicion-condau-ribagorza-variedad-dialectal-originales-ribagorzano-1712935.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Condau</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La XXIII edición del <b>Condau de Ribagorza</b> amplía la <b>variedad dialectal </b>de los originales a más localidades hablantes del <b>ribagorzano</b>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El certamen que organizaban Estadilla, Fonz y Graus cuenta a partir ahora con Estada, Lascuarre y Peralta de Calasanz.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://www.heraldo.es/tags/autores/jose_luis_pano.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">José Luis Pano</a>. (<a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/05/fundacion-destruccion-ciudad-pano-san-juan-pena-botaya-jaca.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Pano</a>)</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Representantes de los ayuntamientos de <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/06/muerte-sancho-ramirez-saeta-flecha-huesca.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Estadilla</a>, <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/06/tomo-i-texto-x-rey-martin-carta-conde-urgel.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Estada</a>, <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/04/leyendas-historia-paralela-aragon-medieval.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Fonz</a> y <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/06/amores-roderico-de-mur-zulima-graus.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Graus</a>, junto al secretario de la <a href="https://sites.google.com/site/sociedat/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Sociedad Lingüística Aragonesa</a> (<a href="https://sites.google.com/site/sociedat/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">SLA</a>), han presentado esta mañana en la sede de la <a href="https://www.somontano.org/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Comarca de Somontano</a> la XXIII edición <b>Concurso literario en ribagorzano</b> <u>Condau de Ribagorza</u>, en las modalidades de narrativa y poesía en categoría de adultos. La presentación ha tenido lugar coincidiendo con la celebración del <a href="https://www.un.org/es/observances/mother-language-day" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Día de la Lengua Materna</a> y es que en algunas de estas poblaciones el <b>aragonés bajorribagorzano</b> se mantiene muy vivo hoy en día.</span></p><p><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/06/amores-roderico-de-mur-zulima-graus.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><img alt="222. LOS AMORES DE RODERICO DE MUR Y ZULIMA (SIGLO XI. GRAUS)" border="0" data-original-height="878" data-original-width="1600" height="218" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3EHhkE6tL_PDJ6ssvjoQjQO-uXu49R-z0tWgDiw8_GeGY6EyVEPj4tuqiMeIMXWlrzgaeBtPZ29fC-oo_bYO75utuiLRcKOMrVw1qfrfAh5csx-MlC87d-utB_uaCjd9Uk49MdUuzjV2K/s400/Graus-y-Basilica.jpg" style="background: rgb(255, 255, 255); border: 1px solid rgb(238, 238, 238); box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1) 1px 1px 5px; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.2px; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" title="222. LOS AMORES DE RODERICO DE MUR Y ZULIMA (SIGLO XI. GRAUS)" width="400" /></a></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Hasta la presente edición, tres ayuntamientos - Estadilla, Fonz y Graus - organizaban de forma itinerante este certamen literario en el que los originales debían de presentarse en las variedades dialectales habladas en cada municipio. El año pasado, atendiendo las recomendaciones de la SLA se decidió modificar las bases para que los relatos y poemarios que se presenten pudieran estar escritos atendiendo al dialecto del bajorribagorzano que todavía pervive en las poblaciones que pertenecieron al antiguo Condado de la Ribagorza, desde <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/06/san-marcial-visita-benasque.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Benasque</a> hasta <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/04/conde-bernardo-ribagorza-reconquistador-calasanz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">La Litera</a>. Así en la presente edición se han sumado como ayuntamientos organizadores Estada, <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/06/como-accedio-ramiro-i-trono-aragon.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Lascuarre</a> y Peralta de <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/04/conde-bernardo-ribagorza-reconquistador-calasanz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Calasanz</a>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“Este certamen literario es importante para nuestro territorio y además es ejemplo de cómo diferentes ayuntamientos y asociaciones consiguen unirse para promulgar nuestra lengua, cultura, forma de vivir y tradiciones y sacar adelante este concurso que es referente en nuestra zona”, ha afirmado la <a href="https://www.estadilla.es/corporaci%C3%B3n-municipal#:~:text=Alcalde%20y%206%20Concejales%3A,Pilar%20Lleyda%20Zanuy%20(CIUDADANOS)" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">alcaldesa de Estadilla</a> y vicepresidenta de la Comarca, Pilar <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/06/cxvi-reg-4879-fol-22-30-jun-1599.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Lleyda</a> <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/06/san-sebastian-detiene-peste-azanuy.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Zanuy</a>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La organización del certamen corre este año a cargo del <a href="https://www.estadilla.es/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ayuntamiento de Estadilla</a>, localidad donde se anunciará el fallo del jurado entorno al 23 de abril, con motivo de los actos del <a href="https://www.zaragoza.es/sede/portal/usic/servicio/noticia/223391#:~:text=En%201461%2C%20las%20Cortes%20de,abril%20como%20D%C3%ADa%20de%20Arag%C3%B3n." rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Día de Aragón</a> y <a href="https://www.diadellibro.eu/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">del Libro</a>. El premio es de 600 euros en la modalidad de relato y de 300 euros en el de poemario. El jurado estará compuesto por expertos de acreditada profesionalidad designados por los ayuntamientos convocantes y por la SLA.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los originales se deben presentar a la dirección de correo electrónico correu.sla @ gmail.com con la referencia Concurso Condau de Ribagorza antes de las 10.00 del 8 de abril. Se admitirá un máximo de dos trabajos por autor, se presenten o no a la misma modalidad literaria. Las obras quedarán en propiedad de los organizadores del certamen que publicarán una selección de los mejores textos. Los autores deberán incluir en otro documento sus datos personales y de contacto.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La temática del concurso es libre pero los trabajos deberán ser inéditos. Tanto los poemarios como los relatos deberán estar escritos en ribagorzano en cualquiera de las modalidades de las comarcas de Ribagorza, Somontano, Cinca Medio y Alta Litera, según las delimitaciones de este dominio lingüístico hechas por la Sociedad Lingüística Aragonesa.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los relatos tendrán una extensión no inferior a tres páginas A4 ni superior a cinco. La letra será Arial 11 puntos, con espacio y justificaciones normales. Los originales se redactarán según la ortografía castellana o la grafía de la SLA. El jurado valorará positivamente el uso de esta última grafía que se puede consultar en <a href="http://sites.google.com/site/sociedat/grafia-dla" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">sites.google.com/site/sociedat/grafia-dla</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.wordpress.com/2019/11/29/manipulacion-direccion-politica-linguistica-aragon-instituto-nacional-estadistica/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Despolitizar la lengua</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Desde la Sociedad Lingüística Aragonesa, su secretario Gabriel Sanz, ha apuntado que el futuro del <b>aragonés bajorribagorzano</b> pasa por la “despolitización, <a href="https://chapurriau.wordpress.com/2020/10/04/firma-compromiso-trabajo-conjunto-53-asociaciones-lenguas-propias-aragon/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">las lenguas no se deben mezclar con la política</a>, y la investigación que es a lo que nos dedicamos en nuestra organización desde su creación en 2004”. Gabriel Sanz ha reconocido el esfuerzo iniciado por los ayuntamientos de Graus, Estadilla y Fonz para “dignificar nuestra lengua y perpetuar una tradición literaria escrita que se remonta a las <a href="https://pastorada.blogspot.com/2020/08/pastorada-torres-del-obispo.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">pastoradas</a> del siglo XVIII”. “Es una literatura escrita chica que no se puede comparar con el <a href="https://biblioteca-historica.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">castellano</a> o <a href="https://choixpoesies.blogspot.com/2023/09/monuments-de-la-langue-romane.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">el catalán</a> pero ininterrumpida hasta la actualidad con autores en Estadilla, la Alta Litera, el <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/06/san-ramon-cura-joven-desahuciada-roda-isabena.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Isábena</a> o el Alta Ribagorza”, ha señalado Sanz que se ha expresado en la variedad dialectal de Peralta – Calasanz – <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/04/conde-bernardo-ribagorza-reconquistador-calasanz.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Gabasa</a>.<br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El concejal de Cultura de Estadilla, Carlos <a href="https://www.vinos.de/vega-sicilia-valbuena-5-ano-reserva-P102924/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Valbuena</a>, ha señalado que este concurso contribuye “a la conservación y divulgación del <a href="https://chapurriau.wordpress.com/2023/09/04/es-una-lengua-el-ribagorzano/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">ribagorzano</a><b> </b>y en consecuencia en la protección del patrimonio inmaterial de parte de nuestro territorio”. Y se ha referido a la incorporación de nuevos ayuntamientos en la convocatoria “de un concurso vivo que cada año gana importancia”.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Por su parte, la alcaldesa de Fonz, María Clusa, ha expresado en <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aragon%C3%A9s_foncense" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">foncense</a> su optimismo por la incorporación de tres nuevos concejos “que quiere decir que estamos trabajando bien y que cada vez hay más gente que quiere defender nuestra lengua, costumbres y la forma en la que algunos vivimos”. También ha mostrado su malestar por la “situación difícil” que atraviesan las lenguas minoritarias como el bajorribagorzano. “Tenemos que sumar los concejos en positivo porque mientras perdemos el tiempo discutiendo sobre qué hablamos, la lengua se nos muere. Con el Condau de Ribagorza hemos demostrado que si trabajamos juntos mejoraremos y que nos convertimos en únicos e irreductibles”.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El concejal de Cultura de Graus, Didac <a href="https://chapurriau.wordpress.com/2021/01/07/los-sans-inossens/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Larregula</a> ha reconocido el trabajo en estas más de dos décadas de los tres ayuntamientos y que cuyo fruto “se recoge con la incorporación de tres nuevos consistorios”, así como ha abierto la posibilidad a incluir nuevos municipios en próximas ediciones.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Como representante de los nuevos ayuntamientos que se suman al certamen, el alcalde de Estada, <a href="https://www.ivoox.com/valero-aguayos-alcalde-estada-audios-mp3_rf_116595504_1.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Valero Aguayos</a>, ha agradecido el trabajo realizado por Estadilla, Fonz y Graus “en épocas en las que ha sido difícil hablar de lenguas en nuestro territorio porque siempre <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2018/12/javier-giralt-latorre.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">hay gente que intenta politizarla</a>”. En ese sentido, ha apuntado que el concurso literario está convocado por ayuntamientos gobernados por distintos partidos políticos. “<a href="https://chapurriau.wordpress.com/2017/12/24/carlos-rallo-badet-calaseit-dissenado-de-coches/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">La lengua debe servir para entendernos</a> y cuantas más entidades estemos respaldando estos premios, más podremos luchar contra la <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/03/artur-quintana-arturo-quintana.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">desaparición de nuestras lenguas maternas</a>”, ha afirmado el alcalde de Estada.</span></p>Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.com22424 Estada, Huesca, España42.0711435 0.232088213.760909663821153 -34.9241618 70.381377336178844 35.3883382tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1217969734972724911.post-38385399671265565352023-05-21T19:44:00.002+02:002023-05-21T19:44:28.022+02:00La Crusca Provenzale di Antonio Bastero. Volume Primo.<p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">La Crusca </span><b style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">Provenzale </b><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">di Antonio Bastero</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Volume Primo</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://www.amazon.es/Crusca-Provenzale-Primo-Antonio-Bastero/dp/B0C5P5JR9Q/ref=tmm_pap_swatch_0?_encoding=UTF8&qid=1684689143&sr=1-1" rel="nofollow" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;" target="_blank"><img alt="La Crusca Provenzale di Antonio Bastero" border="0" data-original-height="499" data-original-width="333" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqc98uBOlItxw8vUuWLP_icJsDWgn_0K5IYXCNo-QhBcitwmvOs_1-yMYGOv8HnFxiU7t32UGOnkcfCe8gIwMiERtbR9jxxDg0patsOYYv53ySscxBhN3Omy6-LNtYwCweo8kOBjOYay40HL58a3TlFVjpDaFv07ykVEas33njoUbkH97PKhR1ZfgG/w268-h400/crusca-provenzale-tapa-blanda-amazon.jpg" title="La Crusca Provenzale di Antonio Bastero" width="268" /></a><br /><br /><a href="https://books.google.de/books/about/La_Crusca_provenzale_ovvero_Le_voci_fras.html?id=Nrf6-eWExjUC&redir_esc=y" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://books.google.de/books/about/La_Crusca_provenzale_ovvero_Le_voci_fras.html?id=Nrf6-eWExjUC&redir_esc=y</a><br /><br />(Editor: <a href="https://moncho.org/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ramón Guimerá Lorente</a>. Notas al pie al final.)</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Che l' antico <a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><b>Provenzale</b></a>, per lo più sia scurissimo, &c. lo dico per prova, avendoci fatti studi non ordinari nella Libreria de MSS. di S. Lorenzo del Serenissimo Gran Duca mio Signore, nella quale se ne conservano due Raccolte, e una di queste antichissima in carta pecora; e ho veduto, che non ostante questa difficultà d' intendere, e in alcuni Autori di loro impossibilità, sarebbe cosa utilissima per le origini, e proprietà della <a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dialetti_toscani" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Lingua Toscana</a>, il dargli fuora tali quali egli sono, con farvi attorno quelle osservazioni, che si potessero. ANTON MAR. SALVIN. Nelle sue Considerazioni Critiche intorno al Trattato Della Perfetta Poesia Italiana ristampato in Venezia nel presente Anno 1724. insieme colle suddette Considerazioni, Lib. 2. Cap. 9.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LA </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">CRUSCA <b>PROVENZALE</b>, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">OVVERO, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LE VOCI, FRASI, FORME, E MANIERE DI DIRE, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">che la gentilissima, e celebre <b>lingua toscana</b> ha </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">preso dalla <b>Provenzale</b>; arricchite, e illustrate, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">e difese con motivi, con autorità, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">e con esempi. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">AGGIUNTEVI </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">alcune memorie, o notizie istoriche intorno agli antichi Poeti </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><b>Provenzali</b> Padri della <b>Poesia Volgare</b>, particolarmente </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">circa alcuni di quelli, tra gli altri molti, che furono </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">di <a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/2020/09/och-hoc-oc.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Nazione Catalana</a>, cavate da' MSS. <a href="https://www.vaticanlibrary.va/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Vaticani</a>, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Laurenziani, e altronde. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">OPERA</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">DI DON <b>ANTONIO <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2023/02/carta-cxxiii-prosigue-catalogo-obispos-barcelona.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">BASTERO</a></b></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nobile <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/03/artur-quintana-arturo-quintana.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Barcellonese</a>, <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/03/natxo-sorolla-ignacio-sorolla.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Dottor</a> in Filosofia, e nell' una, e l' altra Legge, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Canonico, e Sagrestano Maggiore della <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2023/02/carta-cxxiii-prosigue-catalogo-obispos-barcelona.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Cattedrale</a> di <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/09/9-de-diciembre.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Girona</a>,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">ed esaminatore Sinodale della medesima Diocesi, detto</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">fra gli Arcadi IPERIDE BACCHICO. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VOLUME PRIMO.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">IN ROMA, MDCCXXIV.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nella Stamperia di Antonio de' Rossi, nella Strada del Seminario Romano,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">vicino alla Rotonda.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">CON LIZENZA DE SUPERIORE. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Noi infrascritti spezialmente Deputati, avendo a tenore delle Leggi d' Arcadia riveduta un' Opera del Sig. Don <b>Antonio Bastero</b>, detto tra gli Arcadi Iperide Bacchico, intitolata La Crusca Provenzale &c. giudichiamo, che l' Autore nell' impressione di essa possa valersi del Nome Pastorale, e dell' Insegna del nostro Comune.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Semiro Acidonio P. A. Deputato. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mireo Rofeatico P. A. Deputato. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Eugildo Scilleo P. A. Deputato. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Attesa la suddetta Relazione, in vigor delle facoltà comunicate alla nostra Adunanza dal Reverendiss. P. Maestro del Sac. Palazzo Apostolico, si concede licenza al suddetto Iperide Bacchico di valersi nell' Impressione della mentovata sua Opera del Nome, e dell' Insegna suddetti. Dato in Collegio d' Arcadia &c. Al 1. dopo il xx. di Posideone Cadente, l' Anno III. dell' Olimpiade DCXXV. ab A. I. Olimp. IX. Anno II.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Alfesibeo Cario Custode Generale d' Arcadia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Loco + del Sigillo Cust.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span><a href="https://www.academia.edu/65646550/Els_inicis_de_la_filologia_catalana_moderna_estudi_biogr%C3%A0fic_dAntoni_de_Bastero_i_Lled%C3%B3_canonge_de_Girona_1675_1737_" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Nisalgo Diagoneo</a> Sottocustode.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">IMPRIMATUR,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si videbitur Reverendissimo Patri Magistro Sacri Palatii Apostolici.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">N. Baccarius Episc. Bojanen. Vicesgerens.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Librum, cui Titulus: La Crusca Provenzale &c. Auctore D. D. Antonio Bastero Patritio <b>Barcinonense</b>, integrè, & accuratè perlegi, nihilque in eo inveni, quod vel <a href="https://lopapaparlechapurriau.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Sanctae Fidei Catholicae</a> puritati, vel bonis moribus adversetur: quinimò illum utpote rarâ, ac singulari eruditione refertum, & Litterariae Reipublicae non modicè utilem, ac proficuum, publicâ luce dignissimum censeo hac die 28. Decembris 1723. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Philippus Hortentius de Fabris Eminentissimi D. <a href="https://lopapaparlechapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/08/esglesia-plural-denuncia-menyspreu-cardenal-omella-autoritats-catalanes-mossos.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Cardinalis</a> Salerni à Secretis.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">IMPRIMATUR.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fr. Gregorius Selleri Ordinis Praedicatorum Sac. Palatii Apostolici Magister.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">PREFAZIONE.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo stesso animo, e la medesima mente, che nel compilare il Vocabolario Toscano ebbe l' Accademia della Crusca, la quale fino dal principio della sua erezione, altro non ha avuto per fine, che l' universal beneficio, e la gloria, e l' eternità del suo gentilissimo Idioma, secondochè ella manifestamente dichiara nel Proemio di quella incomparabile Opera, e fece palese a tutto ' l Mondo, il dottissimo Bastiano de' Rossi (1: Nella sua Lettera Dedicatoria del primo Vocabolario della Crusca stampato in Venezia 1612.) cognominato l' Inferigno; quella appunto in riguardo alla mia Lingua Provenzale, ho avuta io nella presente Compilazione delle voci, frasi, e forme di dire, che la Toscana ha tolto dalla stessa Provenzale: Imperocchè essendom' indirizzato nell' anno 1710. verso l' alma Città, ù siede il Successor del maggior Piero, per difendere ' l dritto d' una certa fondazione nominata la limosina del pane della Chiesa di Girona; stabilita sotto la protezione, e dipendenza del Sagrestano Maggiore di quella Cattedrale; e avendo quivi a poco a poco gustata la dolcezza della Italiana favella, ed intese le sue belle locuzioni, ne rimasi talmente invaghito, che proccurai di ricercare, e diligentemente osservare tutte le sue proprietà, e fattezze, e d' introdurmi per entro i fuoi più ricchi gabinetti, col pensiero di farne alcun registro, non solo per mio genio, ed ammaestramento, ma per per darne particolarmente un faggio a' miei Compatriotti, col mezzo d' una Gramatica, e d' un Dizionario per uso de' medesimi: E tanto più me se ne accese il desiderio, quanto che rifletteva, che noi <b>Catalani</b> non abbiamo alcuna Gramatica, o <a href="https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/15499888-diccionario-latin-catalan-y-catalan-latin" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Dizionario di questa Lingua</a>, spiegata nel nostro <b>Volgare</b>; ma in questa materia, vaglia il vero, confesso, che siamo stati troppo trascurati, imperciocchè (quel che è peggio) nè pure abbiamo alcuna sorte di libri, o Autori, che per via di <b>regole gramaticali</b>, o altramenti ci ' nsegnino a ben <b>parlare</b> la nostra propia, e naturale, se non se ' l <b>Donatus Provincialis</b>, o chiunque sotto tal nome, e titolo, alludendo a quel Donato, ch' alla prim' arte degnò poner mano scrisse la breve, ed antica <b>Gramatica <a href="https://regnemallorca.blogspot.com/2021/09/ramon-lull-obras-rimadas-introduccion.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Provenzale, o Catalana</a></b>, <u><a href="http://langueoccitane.blogspot.com" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">ch' è tutt' uno</a></u>, che <b>manoscritta</b> si conserva nella Libreria <a href="https://www.bmlonline.it/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Medicea Laurenziana</a>, e in <a href="https://www.florence-museum.com/es/duomo-de-florencia-catedral-de-santa-maria-del-fiore.php" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Santa Maria del Fiore</a> di <a href="https://lo-decameron.blogspot.com/2018/12/jornada-tersera-novela-septima.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Firenze</a>, della quale fanno menzione, e si vagliono della sua autorità i primi Letterati d' Italia (2). </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">II. Non così certamente addiviene egli appresso quasi tutte l' altre Nazioni del Mondo. Qual Nazione si troverà, che non proccuri di conservare, ed abbellire la sua natía favella, siccome ognuno per diritto di Patria è obbligato, con prescriverne le regole, e i precetti, e registrarne per alfabeto tutte le voci, e maniere di dire? E che non proccuri altresì, che non le manchi delle Gramatiche opportune, e proprie per apprendere le forastiere più nobili, ed erudite? Forse non se ne troverà alcuna eccettuatane la <b>Catalogna</b>. E per non allontanarmi dalla medesima Lingua Italiana, o per meglio dire Toscana, fra le Nazioni, e i popoli più riguardevoli dell' Europa, ci dovrebbono servire di stimolo i Castigliani, e tutti quegli Spagnuoli, che sin dalle fascie cominciano ad apparare la Castigliana, succhiandola, come suol dirsi, col latte materno, i quali, per questo fine di apprendere l' idioma Toscano anno un Lorenzo Franciosini Fiorentino; siccome anche i Francesi, i quali pel fine medesimo anno Cesare Odini, e il Veneroni; tralasciando di far menzione degli Autori, che ne anno scritte latinamente le regole, come sono il Lapini, stampato in Firenze appresso i Giunti, nel 1574., Gio. Battista Coiro impresso in Colonia, nel 1642., il soprammentovato Franciosini, nel suo compendio facis linguae Italicae, pubblicato in Roma; ed altri.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>III. In seguito poi delle sopraccennate diligenze, incominciai a far le mie osservazioni dall' abbicì delle sopraddette Gramatiche, e di altre della medesima Lingua, spiegate nella Franzese, intorno alla quale aveva io già fatto particolare studio, alcuni anni prima. Ed essendomi avveduto dopo averle lette, e ben considerate, che elleno altro non erano, ch' embrioni, per così dire, senza capo, e senza coda, ed in molte cose mancanti, fatte per lo più da persone solite a girare per le Corti, e Cittadi grandi, col titolo di Maestri di Lingue, per procacciarsi così il vitto, benchè per altro, di non poco utile sieno, posciachè colle loro gramaticali lezioni ci aprono la strada da pervenirne poi mediante lo studio alla più perfetta cognizione: Alzai però la vela della mia navicella per prendere di nuovo lingua, e pratica ne' banchi, e nelle scanzie de' Librai a Pasquino, ove incontrai alcuni de' più esperti nocchieri per la ' ntrapresa navigazione, come il Buommattei, il Pergamini, il Cinonio, il Salviati, ed altri; e per isfuggire gli scogli degli errori, mi prevalsi incontinente de' loro avvertimenti, e trattati, e del Ragionamento, e Catalogo delle opere più eccellenti, che intorno alle principali arti, e facoltà sono state scritte in Toscano, l' uno, e l' altro composto dal dottissimo Monsignor Giusto Fontanini. Ed in fatti colla guida de' suddetti Autori, e veri Maestri, cominciai a disegnare la premeditata Gramatica per uso della mia Nazione, e degl' intendenti della <b>Lingua Catalana</b>, e tutto ' l tempo che avanzava alle mie importanti occupazioni attenenti alla lite allora vertente nella Sagra Romana Ruota sopra l' accennata elemosina di Girona, l' impiegava nel lavoro dell' opera medesima; nella quale poi, dopo averne abbozzati alquanti capitoli, volendo anche discorrere, e trattare dell' origine della stessa Italiana favella; e perciò desiderando scoprire, e accumulare altre notizie, oltre a quelle da' suddetti Autori dimostrate, rivolsi l' occhio al mentovato Catalogo, e presa nota degli Scrittori, che anno trattato della materia, andai alla Libreria Casanattense; e per mezzo delle Prose del Cardinal Bembo, e coll' Ercolano di Benedetto Varchi, che furono i primi libri, che lessi in quella Libreria, vidi, ed intesi, come la Lingua Toscana era in gran parte composta della Provenzale (3), e quasi di due Madri figliuola, cioè della Latina, e di essa Provenzale </span><span>(4); e che gli antichi Provenzali Poeti, altrimenti con più acconcio nome Trovatori appellati, dal trovare il tropo, o la maniera del canto, furono i Padri delle Rime volgari, ei Maestri, che insegnarono il poetare agl' Italiani (5): Il che anche più chiaramente compresi nel progresso de' miei studi, da altri non men autorevoli Scrittori sì Spagnuoli (6), che Provenzali (7), e Franzesi (8); oltre alla famosa schiera degl' Italiani, che dall' eruditissimo Crescimbeni furono annoverati, ed illustrati nella sua Istoria, ed Origine della Volgar Poesia (9), per maggiormente autenticare la verissima opinione del </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pietro_Bembo" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Cardinal Bembo</a><span>, e di tanti altri valentuomini circa la medesima Origine, e per rintuzzar la soverchia libertà di quelli, che portati più dalla volontà di contraddire, che dalla ragione, si lusingano di mantenere opinione contraria, come altamente prorompe parlando di simili contraddittori, esso Crescimbeni ne' suoi gravissimi, e celebri Comentari della detta sua Istoria (10: Nella Introduzione del Volum. 2. part. I.).</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">IV. E riflettendo, che la <b>Lingua Provenzale</b>, è la stessa appunto, che <b><a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">la mia materna Catalana</a></b>, come attestano parecchi Autori (11); e può conoscere ognuno, confrontando le parole, le maniere, i modi di dire, e lo stile delle nostre antiche Costituzioni di Catalogna, esistenti nella Biblioteca Barberina, cogli antichi Statuti di <b>Provenza</b>, che si trovano nella Libreria <u>Casanattense</u>; e come anche più agevolmente riconoscerà il Lettore dalla lettera, che per questo effetto ho estratta dalla Storia, e Cronica di Provenza di Cesare di Nostradama (12: Part. 6. fogl. 606. e 626.), scritta da Renato d' Angiò Re di Napoli il decimosesto, e Conte di Provenza il ventunesimo nell' anno 1468. en son bon, & <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2022/01/francesc-franc-b.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">franc</a> <a href="https://regnemallorca.blogspot.com/search?q=provenzal" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><b>Catalan</b> Provenzal</a>, come dice l' istesso Nostradama (13: Nel luogo citat. car. 626.), a Giovanni d' Angiò intitolato Duca di Calavria suo figlio primogenito, e Generale dell' Armata Franzese, e Provenzale, che allora si trovava ne' confini di <b>Catalogna</b>; (benchè nel detto anno, anzi ventisei anni prima, fosse già il suddetto Conte scaduto dalla Reggia di <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/03/a-la-ciutat-de-napols-hi-ha-una-preso.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Napoli</a>, avendo prevaluto il partito, e il valore delle armi de i <b>Catalani</b>, e degli Aragonesi contro degli Angioini, ed essendo in essa rimasto trionfante, e coronato sino dal 1442. il Re Alfonso il II (N. E: <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/07/alfonso-v-nace-entre-terremotos-espanto-valencia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">V</a>), d' Aragona, e <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2023/01/x-constitutio-alphonsi-v-aragon-regis.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">il I. di Napoli</a> (14 - Scipione Mazzella nel suo Catalogo de' Re di Napoli, Angioini, <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/07/eleccion-ramiro-ii-rey-aragon.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Aragonesi</a>, Castigliani, ed Austriaci. -, cognominato il <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2023/01/x-constitutio-alphonsi-v-aragon-regis.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Magnanimo</a>) la qual lettera ho qui trascritta con la medesima ortografia, che nella predetta Istoria si legge del seguente tenore; Illustrissimo, e <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/11/apendice-parlamento-cataluna-compromiso-caspe.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">carissimo</a> Duch, primogenit, Governador, e Loctenent general nostre: Nos com saben (sabeu) en los dies passats avens consideratiò als bons servicis, e merits del noble, e amat conseiller nostre Mossen Barthomeu Gary, l' y donam perpetualment en feu honorat segon costum de <b>Cathalunia</b>, per à el, e à sos fils emperò mascles de legitim matrimoni procreadòs lo <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/02/xxxii-reg-8-fol-67-15-marzo-1260-cervaria-cervera.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Viscomtat de Bas</a>, que ez prop las montanyas de <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2021/03/6-de-mayo.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ampurdà</a>, e certs <b>castels</b>, e altres coses que tenia en las parts de Ozona Joan de Cabrera, à nos inobedient, e rebelle, segon aquestes, e altres coses largament poreu veure en unas lettras patens à vous, e à altres dressades lou dia present dades. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E perque ez nostra ferma volontat, e intentiò, que lod. Moss. Borthomeu dè, aya, e consequesca la possessiò libera del dit Viscomtat, Castelz, e altres coses per nos à el donades, axi prest com vinguen à nostra obediensa, vos encarregam que axi ho façau executar per effecte, e per res non aya falla, com axi proceesca de nostra pensa: E sia illustrissimo, e carissimo Primogenit, e Loctenent general nostre la Santa Trinitat vostra garda. Dadas en lo nostre Castel de Bauge à xxix. del mes d' Abril de l' ani Mcccclxviij. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E trasportandola poi in Franzese il medesimo Cesare di Nostradama vi fa la seguente riflessione: Çette lettre de ce bon pere a son cher fils, qui ne têmoigne moins l' amitié grande qu' il luy portoit, que l' antiquité, & l' excellence de nôtre Vulgaire voire la conformité qu' il a avec le langage qu' on usoit du temps de Charles le Chauve, pour preuve que les Provençaux ont êté les premiers qui ont donné langue au reste des Gaules &c. sonne en François ces mêmes paroles &c.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">V. Il che anche attesta il mio Salvin, che ha tante lingue in bocca, Lettore di Lettere Greche nello Studio di Fiorenza, ed intendentissimo di tutte le lingue nobili, e principali, sì vive, che morte; imperocchè, essendo stato interrogato dal Crescimbeni, intorno ' l valore, o significato della nobilissima, ed antichissima particella Provenzale En, che si trova accanto i nomi propi, come lo Rey en Jacme, lo Rey en Pere; o della N in sua vece, e per accorciamento, attaccata co i nomi, che da vocale incominciano, come lo Rey Nanfos, Narnald, Naymeric, Nug, e simili, per confermazione della sua risposta, la quale fu, che non vale altro, che Don, e che tanto era in Provenzale il dire Narnald, Naimeric, Nug, quanto Don Arnaldo, Don Amerigo, e Don Ugo: siccome a i nomi propri femminili si aggiungeva la particella Na, come Namaria, Donna Maria, e simili, come si noterà appieno alla voce Nabisso; si prevalse de' nostri libri Catalani, e spezialmente d' un prezioso manoscritto, che si conserva appo ' l medesimo accennato Abate Anton Maria Salvini, intitolato: Istories, e conquestes del Reyalme d' Aragò, e Principat de Cathalunya compilades per lo honorable Mossen Pere Thomich Cavaller, les quals tramet al Reverent Archabisbe de Zaragoça (15: Presso il Crescimben. Comentar. Istor. Volgar. Poes. Volum. 2. par. I. car. 28. e 61.). </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VI. E riflettendo inoltre, che la <b><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/07/capitulo-xlv-sunyer-segundo-conde-urgel.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Contea di Catalogna</a></b>, ha dato più tosto questa nostra lingua alla Provenza, che da essa Provenza ricevutala, siccome l' ha donata a i Regni di Valenza, Majorca, Minorca, Sardigna (16), Murzia (17), ed altri (18): Si perchè i nostri Conti di Barzellona furono per lungo tempo sovrani del Contado di Provenza (19), sotto ' l comando de' quali cominciarono in essa Contea a fiorire i Poeti (20), e nel medesimo tempo, quei popoli, colla pratica, e soggiorno della Corte Catalana pulirono il lor dialetto, e di nobili, e cortigiani abbigliamenti a uso di Barcellona, il resero molto vago, e dovizioso (21); ed all' incontro finita in quella Contea la descendenza de l' alta stirpe d' <b>Aragone</b> antica, ovvero de' Serenissimi <b>Conti Catalani</b>, per morte del quinto, ed ultimo <b>Ramondo Beringhieri</b>, e succeduti ad essi gli Angioini, cominciò a declinare in quelle parti la poesia (22); anzi la stessa lingua, estinto che fu in Provenza il Real sangue di Catalogna, e sottratto per così dire, il latte, che la nutriva, venne a poco a poco mancando, e dileguandosi da quelle Contrade, come affermano Filippo, e Jacopo Giunti (23). E come anche per l' autorità del sopra nominato Cesare di Nostradama, il quale parlando nella sua citata Istoria di Provenza (24: Part. 5. fogl. 540.), della carica di Veguer (cioè Bargello) della Città di Marsiglia, la qual carica, come egli dice, se souloit donner par grand honneur à des plus êlevez Gentilommes & mieux qualifiez du païs, che così pure si praticava in Barcellona mia Patria, e nell' altre Città del Principato negli andati secoli; dopo aver addotta la formula del giuramento, che in <b>Lingua Provenzale, o vero Catalana</b> prestava esso Veguer nel suo nuovo ingresso in detto posto, in presenza de i Consoli della Città costringendolo ad osservare gli antichi loro statuti, e privilegi, la qual formula trascrive à fin qu' on voye (dice egli) avec quelles protestations, & ceremonies ils estoient anciennement receus en cête charge, soggiunge immediatamente queste parole: </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ce sont les sermens, & les protestations &c. & le ramage (il linguaggio, o dialetto) demi <b><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/01/la-rosada-del-mati-viernes-de-hermandad.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Cathelan</a></b> (è tutto Catalano bello, e buono; ma scorretto, ed infranzesito) & paradvanture celuy-là même dont nos premiers Gaulois ont puisé leurs langues, locutions, & vocables. E per quest' altra di Antonio Ruffi nella sua Storia della Città di <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/10/leonor-alburquerque-alfonso-v-aragon-cartas-.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Marsiglia</a> (25: Lib. 10. cap. 4. fogl. 445. ediz. 1642., e tom. 2. lib. 13. cap. 4. fogl. 331. ediz. 1696.), ove riferisce, che au commencement du douzieme siécle les Marseillois commencerent d' abâtardir leur idiome (a pulire, più tosto, non a imbastardire) par le commerce qu' ils eurent avec les peuples maritimes, si bien, qu' il se fit un grand mélange des mots Catalans. Quindi è, che determinai di andare raccogliendo, giusta ogni mia possa, tutte le voci Provenzali che potessi rintracciare usate dagl' Italiani, e di farne un alfabeto per inferirlo nella Gramatica.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VII. Per la qual cosa poi, tenendo ben a mente quello, ch' aveva letto nelle mentovate Prose del Bembo, cioè, che de' Rimatori Provenzali se ne leggono per chi vuole molti, da' quali si vede, che anno apparate, e tolte molte cose gli antichi Toscani, e appresso: Fu adunque la Provenzale favella estimata, e operata grandemente, siccome tuttavia veder si può, che più di cento suoi Poeti si leggono, ed hogli già letti io, adoperai ogni diligenza per leggere, e scoprire dalle tenebre dell' obblivione i componimenti di questi antichi Maestri, e Padri della Volgar Poesia; e il primo passo, che perciò diedi, fu alla Libreria Angelica, ove avendo domandato al dottissimo P. Fr. Basilio Resseghieri, Custode di essa, se per ventura vi fossero alcune Rime in Provenzale, mi rispose, che in uno de' Volumi de i Comentari del Crescimbeni intorno alla Istoria della Poesia Volgare, ce n' erano alcune; e conseguentemente dopo aver egli guardato l' Indice de' libri, mi porse in mano il prezioso Volume delle Vite de' più celebri Poeti Provenzali, altrimente intitolato: Comentari del Canonico (ora Arciprete) Gio. Mario Crescimbeni Custode d' Arcadia intorno alla sua Istoria della Volgar Poesia. Volume secondo, contenente l' ampliazione del secondo libro dell' Istoria, mediante le Vite, i giudizi, e i faggi de' Poeti Provenzali, che furono PADRI DELLA DETTA POESIA VOLGARE, e pubblicato d' ordine della Generale Adunanza d' Arcadia in Roma 1710. e dappoi nel 1722. ristampato con varie correzioni, e molte ampliazioni fattevi dal medesimo Autore; ed immediatamente dopo, che ' l suddetto P. Resseghieri ebbe fatto ' l solito segno da serrare la libreria, feci diligenza per provvedermi del detto libro, del quale mi favorì lo stesso Autore mio riveritissimo Padrone Gio. Mario Crescimbeni Arciprete dignissimo della Basilica di S. Maria in Cosmedin, Accademico Intronato, e della Crusca, e di tutti i Collegi letterari Italiani, e di molti di là da' monti degnamente laureato (26) Custode, ed uno de' primi Padri d' Arcadia, per la cui fondazione, propagamento, e difesa, siccome della più insigne Compagnia di Letterati, che da più secoli siasi raccolta, e per l' immortalità, che ha data a tanti illustri nomi d' Arti liberali, di Scienze, e di Scienziati, merita, che al suo infaticabile ingegno sia alzato in ogni Città aperta al commercio dell' Italiane lettere un monumento. Cavata, ch' ebbi da questa ricca miniera del mentovato, e non mai abbastanza lodato Crescimbeni, tutta la sostanza; e presa nota de' Codici manoscritti delle Rime Provenzali in detto Volume allegati; e degli Autori parimente in esso citati; ed indi poi fatto lo spoglio delle Considerazioni del Tassoni sopra le Rime del Petrarca, del Vocabolario, o della Tavola dell' Ubaldini al Barberino, e delle Annotazioni del Redi al suo Bacco in Toscana, vidi, che la raccolta delle Voci Provenzali cresceva, e di giorno in giorno notabilmente aumentavasi, e perciò altro luogo, e sito da quello, dove io aveva determinato collocarla, richiedeva. Laonde mi risolsi a farne un libro distinto, e di per se, con addurre sotto ciascheduna delle voci Provenzali, uno, o più esempli, sì de' suddetti Maestri, e Padri della Poesia Volgare, che de' Prosatori antichi, e tutte l' autorità, che a mio uopo potessi ritrovare, con ribattere quelle, che mi fossero contrarie; onde sin d' allora, che feci la nuova scoperta del suddetto tesoro, abbandonai la principiata Gramatica, di cui è rimasto un embrione, non senza speranza però, che possa un giorno uscire alla luce.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">VIII. Così dunque, sull' accennato progetto, e coll' istesso motivo che ebbe l' Accademia della Crusca nel porre nel suo Vocabolario al rincontro di alcuni vocaboli le voci greche, il qual motivo, altro non fu, che per agevolare con queste la dichiarazione di quelli, come avvertono gli Accademici (27); incominciai di bel nuovo ad operare con somma applicazione, e con acceso desiderio di giungerne a fine, colla speranza, che ciò farebbe caro alla mia Patria, e che me ne saperebbero grado non solo tutti quegli, che s' interessano nella gloria della lingua Provenzale, ma eziandio gl' Italiani, posciachè questi col mezzo degli esempli de' Poeti, e scrittori Provenzali, posti accanto de' Toscani, verrebbero più agevolmente in conoscimento della loro sonora, e per tutto ' l mondo rinomata favella; siccome in un certo modo considerarono gli stessi Accademici nell' ultima compilazione del loro Vocabolario, dove tra le molte voci, che non furono registrate nelle antecedenti edizioni, vi aggiunsero questa: Plusori, col Provenzale accanto, che è Pluzors (28); e siccome altresì pubblicamente ammonisce alla suddetta Accademia, il dottissimo Abate Anton Maria Salvini nella sua Lezione fatta Per l' apertura della generale Adunanza dell' anno 1704., in parlando della nuova Crusca, che è per istamparsi, in questa guisa (29): Come tutte le lingue figliuole sono dell' umano intelletto, e che queste secondano certi comuni movimenti dell' animo, il confronto della nostra colle erudite lingue, e colle volgari vicine, di quanto avvantaggio non riuscirebbe egli per internarsi nella cognizione delle cose medesime, delle quali le parole sono immagini vive, ed impronte? E in quella Sopra la nuova edizione del Vocabolario (30): </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Il confronto di nostra Lingua coll' erudite lingue, e co i volgari d' Europa infinitamente cresce il diletto, e ' l frutto insieme. Soggiungendo (31): Non obbliai (dice egli) i Poeti Provenzali, che dallo inventare le parole, e la musica, Trovatori con acconcio nome chiamavano, i quali, come de' Poeti Greci dice appresso Cicerone Antonio, sembrano con altro linguaggio aver parlato; così è egli strano, e a intendersi oggi duro, e malagevole. E per quelli in alcuna guisa intendere, il vecchio Gaulese, o Francesco idioma, curiosamente investigai, tutto per accattar lume, onde la nostra cara favella ne' suoi principii, e progressi si rimirasse, ed illustrasse.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">IX. E tanto più il sopraddetto motivo, che ebbero quegli Accademici di accoppiare le voci volgari, con le greche, m' indusse a far l' istesso del Toscano col Provenzale, quanto che la Lingua Toscana non si può ben intendere, senza l' intelligenza della Provenzale, come lasciò scritto il sopra citato Benedetto Varchi in parlando del Cardinal Bembo (32): </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E perciò la bella, ed egregia Città di Firenze, donde presero le lor leggiadre maniere gli Scrittori di primo grido, de' quali tutti ella fu Madre, o nudrice (33), intenta sempre a far lume agli studiosi della Toscana favella, insegnando il suo stesso Fiorentino parlare all' Italia, che così, cioè Lingua Fiorentina, innanzi alle celebri controversie di nome su questo affare, dicevasi, conserva sino da' tempi antichi nelle sue pubbliche, e private librerie, fra gli altri preziosi manoscritti, non solo la Gramatica Provenzale altra volta mentovata, ma eziandio il Glossario, l' Onomastico, e ' l Rimario della medesima Lingua, de' quali mss. si sono prevaluti l' Ubaldini per dichiarazione delle voci del suo Vocabolario alle Rime di Francesco Barberini (34), il Redi per intelligenza, e comento del suo famoso Ditirambo titolato Bacco in Toscana (35), e il Salvini nelle sue Sposizioni sopra ' l Petrarca (36).</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">X. In questo stato, che quasi posso dire, che non avea fatto altro, che ' l solo disegno della macchina, fui costretto ad interromperne, e tralasciarne il lavoro, perciocchè s' aveva da risolvere in Ruota la sopraccennata mia causa della elemosina del pane di Girona; ma all' incontro poi, ottenuta in essa Causa, Sentenza, e Decreto favorevole, secondo 'l tenore delle Sacre Ruotali Decisioni nella medesima pubblicate, e così difinita, e con somma mia quiete, e contentezza gloriosamente del tutto terminata; nel mentre che stava attendendo un' altro decreto, cioè, quello della, molt' anni, (a: Qui diu desiderata, spiega, e comenta il Vocabolario in questo passo di Dant. Purg. 10. alla voce Lacrimato) lacrimata pace, ebbi più agio di ripigliare, tutto lieto, e vittorioso l' incominciato lavoro, e di spogliare le più famose librerie di Roma, ed altre d' Italia, con tanto mio genio, e soddisfazione, che la dolcezza, che sentiva nel cavare dalle inesauste miniere di nostra Lingua le più fine, e le più riposte ricchezze per arricchirne, ed illustrarne quella de' Toscani sua cara sorella, e quasi figliuola, e rendere per così fatto modo la medesima nostra diletta la Provenzale, gloriosissima, ed immortale, mi fece gittar dietro le spalle ogni altra cosa, che potesse cagionarmi disgusto, ed amarezza. Laonde dopo molti anni di studio, e d' una inestimabile fatica, ecco finalmente, che ho ridotta l' Opera a quel segno, che per me si è potuto il migliore, col mio Libro, che oggi con questo primo Volume (giacchè non ho tutto 'l comodo per dar fuori a un tratto gli altri Volumi che seguono) incomincio ad esporre alla pubblica censura delle Accademie, e Letterarie Radunanze d' Italia, e spezialmente di quella della Crusca, la quale, in questa materia di Lingua, ne ha sopra tutte l' altre la sovranità, e suprema giurisdizione; e lo presento ai discreti, ed amorevoli Lettori in particolare, che supplico a voler degnarsi d' accoglierlo sotto la loro protezione, e difesa; il che tanto più mi riprometto, quanto che trattandosi qui dell' eccellenze, e qualità della Lingua Provenzale, e della Italiana, o di quella di Oc, e di quella di Sì, che così sono ottimamente appellate dall' incomparabile <a href="https://textos-dante-alighieri.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Dante</a> (37), onde prese la Gaule Narbonese il nome di Lenga d' oc (38), che i Franzesi appellano malamente coll' articolo maschile, le Languedoc; sotto le quali viene compresa la maggiore, e più bella parte d' Europa, per conseguenza essendovi quasi tutti generalmente interessati, (potendo io dire, e in verità affermare, che non vi ho cosa particolare di mio, che ugualmente non sia loro) tocca a tutti e per obbligo, e per giustizia il difenderlo, come cosa propria, e naturale, e ritenerne perpetua, e generosa protezione, sì per quello che appartiene al Provenzale, come al Toscano, in quella maniera appunto, che sollecita, ed amorosa madre, ricca di doppia prole, con vie maggior cura, e tenero affetto l' alimenta, e nodrisce.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XI. Quasi tutte le voci, e forme di dire, che per entro 'l Libro ho annoverate, e registrate le ho cavate dal Vocabolario degli Accademici della Crusca, il quale in tutto 'l corso del mio lavoro, ho avuto sempre davanti agli occhi, e non me lo son tolto mai di mano; riportando la sua medesima spiegazione, e dichiarazione de' significati, e così anche 'l Latino, come si legge in esso Vocabolario; e il medesimo ho fatto pure intorno al Greco, allorchè ho conosciuto, che la voce Provenzale sia dalla Greca originata, o che n' abbia dependenza. Vi ho inseriti, o posti ancora molti degli esempli Toscani, acciocchè il Lettore possa più comodamente confrontargli con quelli dei Provenzali; e si veda, che da questi anno anche spesse fiate tolti i Rimatori, e Prosatori Toscani molti concetti, e molte invenzioni, come osservarono in parte il Bembo (39), l' Equicola (40), il Bouche (41), il Paschieri (42), il Pittoni (43) i Nostradami (44), ed in particolare Gasparo Scuolano colle seguenti parole (45): “No se puede dexar entre renglones, que se pagaron tanto los Italianos de esta poetica invenzion y estilo de los Lemosines, que no solo les cogieron el arte, y metro, però aun las mesmas rimas traduzian en su lengua Italiana. Cien años antes que floreciesse el Petrarca, es à saber, el año mil doscientos y cinquenta, viviò en nuestra Ciudad un Cavallero famoso Poeta llamado Mossen Jordi, criado en la Corte del Rey Don Jayme el Conquistador; el qual con mucha gala usò de Sonetos, Sextiles, Terceroles, y Octavas rimas en Lengua Valenciana Lemosina. Y viniendo despues al Mundo el Petrarca, en el año de mil trescientos, y ventisiete, que se enamorò de madama Laura, llamandole su estrella al mayor lauro que Poeta vulgar ha podido conseguir, se valiò de las Obras deste insigne Valenciano, vendiendolas al Mundo por suyas en lengua Italiana. Pudiera dar por testigos à muchas de ellas, però contentareme con sola esta.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El Petrarca dice:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pace non trovo, e non ho da far guerra;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E volo sopra 'l Cielo, e giaccio in terra;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E nulla stringo, e tutto 'l Mondo abbraccio;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ed ho in odio me stesso, ed amo altrui:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">S' amor non è, che dunque è quel, ch' io sento?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mossen Jordi dixo:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E non he pau, e no tinc quim' querreig;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vol sobre l' Cel, e nom' movi de terra, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E no estrench res, e tot lo Mon abràs;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Oy he de mi, e vull a altri gran be:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si no es Amor, donchs açò que serà?</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">que traduzidos en Castellano quieren dezir: </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No tengo paz, y nadie me haze guerra;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Voy por los Cielos, sin dexar el suelo; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nada recojo, y todo el Mundo abraço;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A mi mesmo aborrezco, y amo a otri:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Y si esto no es Amor, que es lo que siento? </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El modo como pudieron llegar las Obras de Mossen Jordi Cavallero Valenciano a las manos del Petrarca, lo escrive nuestro Antonio Beuter en la Epistola proemial de su Coronica; donde dize, que hallandose en Gascuña con Don Jayme Colona Obispo de Lumbierri, en tiempo del Papa Juan XXIII. como llegasse à las rayzes de los Pyrineos (segun se comprehende de los Comentarios de Alexandro Vellutello en la Vida que escriviò del Petrarca) pudieron venir a sus codiciosos ojos, como tentados de aquel manjar, las rimas del dicho Cavallero, que ya entonces corrian por Cataluña, y Gascuña con grande renombre de su Autor; y entonces le desentrañò el estilo, las agudezas, ternuras, y conceptos, passandolo todo a su proposito, y Lengua.</span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">XII. E qui di passaggio mi sia permesso il soggiugnere, e avvertire, che i primi tre versi de i cinque sopra trascritti del Petrarca sono del primo quadernario del Sonetto 103. part. I., che appunto incomincia Pace non trovo, ec. del qual Sonetto confessa Alessandro Tassoni nelle sue Considerazioni sopra le Rime di esso Petrarca, non ostante 'l suo genio sempremai critico, ed alla censura inclinato, che non senza ragione vien lodato, ed ammirato da' begli 'ngegni; e il quarto, cioè Ed ho in odio me stesso ec. è del primo ternario del medesimo Sonetto; e il quinto S' Amor non è ec. è principio del Sonetto 101. della suddetta parte prima, intorno al quale attesta parimente l' istesso Tassoni, che senza alcun dubbio è ottimo. E di quì, allo 'ncontro, può avvertire il Lettore, come ingiustamente, ed a gran torto dice esso Tassoni nella Prefazione delle predette sue Considerazioni, che ha proccurato liberar, </span><span style="font-family: verdana;">sopra tutto l' Autore da varie opposizioni, e calunnie di Scrittori diversi, tra le quali questa è la prima: Ch' egli rubasse molte invenzioni, e concetti ad altri Poeti Toscani, e Provenzali, ch' erano stati prima di lui; e che avendo lette la maggior parte dell' Opere de' Poeti Provenzali, nè solamente furto alcuno di rilievo non ho trovato: ma nè anche (son per dire) cosa degna, che un' ingegno, come quello del Petrarca se n' invaghisse; così son elle per lo più scarse al peso, e di quà dal segno della mediocrità. Giacchè egli voleva liberar il Petrarca, come dice di simili opposizioni, potea prevalersi per la difesa, ed apologia, senza biasimare l' Opere di quei nostri Maestri, e Padri della Poesia volgare, dell' autorità del Bembo, il quale intorno a questo nostro proposito così lasciò scritto (46): Ne solamente molte voci, come si vede, o pure alquanti modi del dire presero dalla Provenza i Toscani; anzi essi ancora molte figure del parlare, molte sentenze, molti argomenti di Canzoni, molti versi medesimi le furarono; e più ne furaron quelli, che' maggiori stati sono, e miglior Poeti reputati. Il che agevolmente vederà, chiunque le Provenzali rime piglierà fatica di leggere. Ed indi l' eruditissimo Abate Anton Maria Salvini, allorachè dimostrando, che per arrivare alla perfezione, ed all' eccellenza nell' arti, e nelle scienze, niuna strada vi ha più facile, nè più spedita, che l' imitazione degli ottimi autori, che è quella, che vi conduce dirittamente, disse in lode dello stesso Petrarca (47): Non pure la Latina Lingua affatto perduta, ricondusse a novella vigorosa vita, ma nel Toscano Idioma molto osservò, e molto prese dagli antichi rimatori Provenzali.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XIII. In somma ritornando al Testo del suddetto Vocabolario, egli è stato il primo fondamento, e la principale base del mio Libro; e perciò solamente, l' ho intitolato col nome della Crusca Provenzale; protestandomi però, che non pretendo con simil titolo, arrogarmi nella mia Lingua, il singolar privilegio, che intorno all' Idioma Toscano gode l' Accademia della Crusca, più d' un secolo fa, cioè di abburattare, e cernere dalla crusca la farina degli Autori, che a questo fine di mano in mano se le presentano innanzi, posciachè, se ciò mi fosse lecito, (benchè col solo nome della Crusca, così assolutamente detto, s' intenda in materia di Lingua, l' istesso Vocabolario; e quasi si può dire, che questo suo metaforico significato, abbia usurpato il primo luogo al proprio) allora poi, il più bel fiore della Toscana Favella, in vece della Crusca Provenzale l' avrei intitolato; per essere tutti i vocaboli, e parlari, che dal medesimo Vocabolario degli Accademici della Crusca ho cavati, e che gli Scrittori Toscani del buon secolo con finissima scelta presero dall' Idioma Provenzale, il più bel fiore cogliendone, come fece, tra gli altri, qual' ape ingegnosa (48), il Barberino; de' più leggiadri, e de' più sonori, e de' più belli, ch' abbia la Lingua Toscana, come ci avvertisce il Salviati (49); co i quali, gli stessi Toscani Scrittori, la favella loro, ancora in alcuna parte manchevole, di nuovi abbellimenti, e di nuove preziose ricchezze adornarono, come afferma Tommaso Bonavventuri (50); avendo così ingegnosamente la loro Poesia altresì renduta vaga molto, e ricca, e splendiente, come pubblica lo spesso (stesso) mentovato Anton Maria Salvini nelle sue eloquentissime Toscane Prose (51). </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XIV. Base, e fondamento in secondo luogo, di questo Libro, non meno che chiara fontana della nostra Provenzale Favella, sono stati quegli Autori, che scrissero con ogni purezza, e proprietà di Lingua, come sono comunemente quegli, che scrissero nell' età d' oro, che così chiamerò io il tempo in cui ella fioriva, siccome anno fatto alcuni Scrittori Latini, appellando così il tempo della lingua Latina, quando era in fiore (52); e i Toscani, respettivamente, il buon secolo del Volgar loro, quel tempo dal 1300. al 1400., nel quale veramente e si parlò, e si scrisse in Firenze con intera schiettezza, è senza quella varietà, e barbarie, che indusse poi il rimescolamento cogli altri dialetti, e lo studio posto nella Lingua Latina, che indusse per cotal guisa trascuranza della materna, come attestano gli Accademici della Crusca nella Prefazione del predetto Vocabolario.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XV. Questa età d' oro, o questo tempo della purità, e bellezza del nostro Provenzal Idioma, si debbe contare, incominciando dal principio del Secolo XI., o in quel torno, fino all' anno 1479., o poco dopo, nel qual' anno s' unì la Corona d' Aragona con quella di Castiglia, per mezzo del parentado del Re d' Aragona Don Ferdinando II., colla Regina di Castiglia Donna Isabella; imperciocchè in tutto detto spazio, e corso di tempo, e si parlò, e si scrisse in Catalogna (e in Valenza ancora fino dal tempo della sua conquista fatta dal Re Don Giacomo minato Lo Conquistador) senza quella varietà, per non dir barbarie, che introdusse poi a poco a poco il rimescolamento con altre lingue, ed in ispeziale lo studio posto nella Castigliana, che indusse per così fatto modo trascuranza della materna, benchè nel Tuddetto anno dell' unione, ed alleanza delle due Corone, ancora fosse essa Castigliana rozza molto, e povera, e incolta, come vederemo appresso; onde alcuni, perduto l' amore alla natural favella, di nuove, e straniere forme di parlare, ed al genio di essa non punto convenevoli la infettarono, ed altri, non istimando se non quel che è forestiero, a scrivere si posero in Castigliano, mettendo in non cale la propria, il che fu chiaramente accennato dal sopraccitato Gasparo Scuolano Annalista del Regno di Valenza con queste parole (53): “Con su hermosura natural se hallava tan adelantada, &c. que si como sus hijos con la agudeza de sus picos la fueron puliendo, y realçando hasta los años de mil quinientos y cinquenta, durára en el passo que llevava, llegára à los quilates mayores que puede la que mas tiene, com (como) lo ha hecho la Castellana de cien años a esta parte, teniendo en los de atràs tan grosseros principios. Però como el Imperio de la Corona de Aragon se passò à la de Castilla, incorporandose las Coronas, parece, que tambien se han querido incorporar las lenguas; tanto, que entrandose la Castellana por los mojones de Valencia, se ha enseñoreado de suerte del gusto de todos, que la natural Valenciana ha ydo afloxando de su vigor, y dexado de passar adelante en la nobleza, à que nuestros passados con tanta gloria suya la havian subido.”</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XVI. E poichè ho toccata questa materia attenente all' Istoria della nostra lingua, voglio far avvertiti i Lettori, particolarmente gl' Italiani, che sebbene nell' accennato tempo, cominciò essa ne' suddetti Stati di Catalogna, e di Valenza, a declinare, e scemar di pregio; ma non coll' istesso passo che nella Provenza, allora che in essa Contea s' estinse la <b>regia stirpe Catalana de' Beringhieri</b>, e in lor vece succederono, o per dir meglio vi si intrussero i Conti Angioini. In Provenza però nel tempo che' l Cardinal Bembo scrisse le sue Prose, e che' l Contado era unito col Regno de' Franzesi, il che addivenne nel 1481. per morte del Conte Carlo d' Angiò, che ne lasciò erede il Re Luigi XI., già quei popoli in gran parte corrottamente parlavano, come dice lo steso Bembo (54); e poi andò talmente in quelle contrade peggiorando, e di secolo in secolo perdendo il buon linguaggio nativo, che oggidì quasi sicuramente affermare fi può, che sia morto, non che corrotto in bocca de i medesimi popoli, ed altri dell' <a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Occitania</a>, ed Aquitania: Ma in bocca de i popoli del Principato di Catalogna, e de' Regni di Valenza, Majorica, Minorica, ed Iviza, sempre si è conservato vivo, e poco meno, che nel suo intero essere, fuorchè in alcuni vocaboli de' più antichi, a cui ne sono stati sostituiti altri di nuovi, siccome sogliono far sempre tutte le lingue viventi; onde vedemo nelle Città d' Italia, se ben volemo guardare, da cinquanta anni in quà molti vocaboli essere spenti, e nati, e variati, <a href="https://textos-dante-alighieri.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">come disse Dante</a> (55);</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">----- e ciò conviene (56): </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Che l' uso de' mortali è, come fronda </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">In ramo, che sen va, ed altra viene. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Onde Orazio parlando de' vocaboli antichi, e moderni (57):</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Multa renascentur, quae jam cecidere, cadentque </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quae nunc sunt in honore vocabula, si volet usus, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que penes arbitriú est, & vis, & norma loquendi: </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">e al medesimo proposito Terenzio Varrone (58): </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Consuetudinem loquendi esse in motu, itaque solere fieri ex meliore deteriorem: Vetustas enim, non pauca depravat, multa tollit.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XVII. Anzi nel Principato di Catalogna sul principio dell' ultimo trascorso secolo, il nostro rinomatissimo Poeta il Dottor Vincenzio Garzia, e con esso lui Lo Regalo (delizia) de las Musas Don Joan de Boxadòs, e Lo esglay (spavento) d' Apolo Cordellas, oltre agli altri molti, che in quel tempo fiorirono, come Don Francisco de Ayguaviva, Don Felip de Guimerà, e cento più, de' quali fa egli menzione (59: Vincenzio Garzia nelle sue Rime a c. 121., e 122.), gli fecero mirabilmente rialzar il volo; onde lo stesso Garzia tra i suoi Sonetti (60: Il Garzia suddetto a car. 3.): </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Gaste (adoperi) qui de las flors de Poesia </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Toyas (mazzi di fiori) vol consagrar als ulls, (occhi) que adora,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del ric aljofar (piccola perla; ma quì per metaf., Rugiada) que plora l' Aurora, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quant li convinga dir, ques' fa de dia. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si de Abril parla, pinte l' alegria</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ab que desplega sas catifas (tappeti) Flora, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">O a Filomena, mentre cantant plora, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De ram en ram, la llengua, que tenia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A qui s' diu Isabel, digali Isbella;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sol, y Estelas als ulls; als llavis (a' labbri) grana;</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Llocs comuns de las Musas de Castella:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que jo, peraquè sapia Tecla, o Joana, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Qu' estic perdut, per tot quant veig en ella, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Prou tinc (mi basta) de la llanesa (schiettezza, purità) Catalana.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">e nelle Cobbole (61: Luogo citato fogl. 122.):</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No diu lo Senyor (b) Heredia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que (c) gongorejo, y sò sol</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo qui nostra axuta llengua </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La destrempo ab ayguarròs? </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non dice il Signor Eredia,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Che gongorreggio? e ch' io solo sono</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Colui, che nostra asciutta lingua</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Stempero con acqua rosa? </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(b) Heredia: Don Giuseppe Heredia famoso Poeta Castigliano coetaneo del Garzia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(c) Gongorejo cioè, che scrivo alla maniera di Don Luigi di Gongora, che è il Principe de' Poeti Castigliani, si per l' invenzione, come per la purità, e finezza di linguaggio.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E oggi giorno col mezzo della moderna Accademia dels Desconfiats (de' Diffidati) eretta in Barcellona nel 1700., sotto la protezione di NOSTRA DONNA DI MONSERRATO, per far argine, e difesa alle inondazioni di stravolte locuzioni, che sovrastavano, opponendosi a così precipitoso torrente di nuovi barbari, e stranieri vocaboli, ei suoi legittimi, che dolcissimi, e belli sono, con franco cuore valorosamente riparando, farebbe forse la Lingua Provenzale salita altra volta a quel grado d' onore, e di gloria, in cui ella salì nell' età d' oro, o del gay saber (cioè del gajo savere, o della gaja scienza, che così chiamavano i nostri antichi l' arte del rimare (62) se non fossero sopraggiunti i travagli, e flagelli delle guerre, che misero il Principato sottosopra, ed in particolare la sua Capitale mia Patria, come è ben noto, ed espresse il letteratissimo Annibale Marchese ne' due ultimi versi della seguente ottava (63):</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E solo immota <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/12/indice-tomo-iv.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Barcellona</a> resta </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Incontr' al campo de l' irato Ispano: </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sì sprezza in nostro mar lieve tempesta</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Gran nave usa al furor de l' Oceano: </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ma scende il Gallo numeroso, e infesta </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sue mura sì, ch' ogni contrasto è vano.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Onde al fin, pria che vinta, assorta cade </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Da tempestoso mar di fiamme, e spade. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XVIII. Circa la qualità degli Scrittori Provenzali, e de i loro componimenti per entro il Libro allegati, avverto, che se ne dà contezza nelle Tavole de' medesimi, che faranno poste appresso, ove si dà ragguaglio ancora, di vari Codici antichi MSS. Provenzali, massimamente di quelli, che della medesima Lingua ho incontrati nella Biblioteca Vaticana, avendo avuto il bel comodo di spogliarli, per singolar favore compartitomi dal dottissimo Monsignor Michelangelo Majella primo Custode di essa; i quali Codici Vaticani sono i più ricchi arnesi, per così dire, che abbia la guardaroba della nostra Lingua; oltre a quelli preziosi avanzi, che se ne conservano nella Real Libreria Medicea Laurenziana, che, quando mi ritruovava (ritrovava) in Firenze, ebbi parimente il comodo di smidollare, mercè alla gentilezza del suo Bibliotecario l' eruditissimo Dottor Anton Maria Biscioni. Avverto in oltre, che siccome nel Vocabolario della Crusca non si è osservato di metter sempre nel primo luogo l' esemplo dello Scrittore, o più autorevole, o più nobile, ma sovente si è collocato per primo, il più acconcio alla dichiarazion della voce, come avvertono gli Accademici nella citata loro Prefazione; così anch' io ho praticato, seguitando l' orme impresse da quei valentuomini, senza badare a simile osservazione di nobiltà, e precedenza. Questo bene è stato da me esattamente osservato, di allegar prima i Poeti antichi, che gli Scrittori, o i Poeti moderni; ed in particolare ho posta ogni diligenza in proccurare, che sotto ciascheduna delle voci vi fosse almeno un' esempio di Scrittore Provenzale più antico de i Toscani citati nel Vocabolario. Egli è però ben vero, che in alcune poche voci mi sono dispensato di usare simile diligenza, o sia, perchè il Vocabolario non vi rinvenga alcun esemplo; o perchè sono già d' altra parte difese, e per Provenzali autenticate da alcuno degli Scrittori, e letterati di primo grido, e della Lingua Provenzale pratichissimi, come dal gran Bembo, il quale colle sue regole in fiorito stile dettate, alzò primo l' insegna al bel Toscano parlare; e successivamente da quei gloriosi seguaci, che dietro alla bandiera da esso lui inalborata con bella mostra di mano in mano schierati si vedono, cioè il Varchi, il Tassoni, l' Ubaldini, il Redi, il Salvini, e il Crescimbeni: o sia pure, perchè sono già per tali confermate dall' uso, essendomi perciò prevaluto talora di alcuni nobili Scrittori de' tempi bassi, come del Garzia, e del Fontanella, che così respettivamente anno fatto ancora i mentovati Accademici.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XIX. Sul principio della mia fatica aveva fatto pensiero di trasportare in Toscano tutti gli esempi, o passi degli antichi Poeti Provenzali, che per entro' l Libro s' allegano; ma considerando poi, che ciò farebbe soverchia macchina, ho tradotti solamente i più difficili, come, tra gli altri passi, e componimenti, la Sestina, che fece Arnaldo Daniello, il quale fu l' inventore di questa spezie di Poesia, che ho trascritta sotto la medesima voce Sestina; e così le Cobbole in forma di Dialogo tra Giovanni d' Albuzon, e Niccoletto di Turino, che ho trasportate alla voce Cobbola; e la Tenzone fra Salvarico di Malleone, Anselmo Faidit, e Ugo della Bacalaria, che parimente ho riportata alla voce Tenzone ec. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ma non mi sono obbligato di tradurli in versi, se non dove è tornato bene, acciocchè meglio si conosca la qualità de' sentimenti passati dalla Provenza, e Catalogna nella Toscana. Quando poi per entro i passi, ed esempli allegati, che non sono stati tradotti, vi ho trovato alcune parole difficili, ed oscure, non ho mancato di spiegarle, con farvi la chiosa Toscana.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XX. Quelle voci, che dalla ingiuria de' tempi sono state spente, e sbandite della nostra Contea, e che non si trovano, che ne i libri antichi, le ho talora contrasegnate con notarle dopo gli esempli Provenzali, per voci disusate, o vero antiche, e vi ho contrapposte, e rinvergate le moderne. Ma non per tanto pretendo confermare il loro sbandimento; anzi vorrei commendarne l' uso agli studiosi, ed amatori della nostra Lingua, usandole però con giudizio, e con parsimonia; ben avvertito dal Maestro della Toscana, e Greca eloquenza, e di tutte le principali lingue, allorachè in uno de' suoi pubblici, e gravissimi Ragionamenti Accademici disse (64): In primo luogo antica dovrebbe essere la favella; nè ciò vi paja crudo, o strano, o Signori, che ben so, che quell' antico sapientissimamente disse; usa costumi antichi, ma parole del secolo; e Salustio principale Autore della Storia Romana, per le parole, e frasi sue, fu tacciato come affettatore d' antichità. E Giulio Cesare una disusata parola, e dismessa, disse essere da schifare come scoglio. Voglio dire antica, cioè pura, semplice, monda, netta; quale nel loro tempo usavano i buoni antichi, de' quali eran proprie virtù, la forza dell' espressione, la nuda, e schietta proprietà, la breviloquenza; gli arcaismi ancora, o vogliam (vogliamo) dire, l' antiche voci, e maniere troppo usate, facendo il parlare enimmatico, ma con parca, e sospesa mano, e a tempo, e luogo impiegate, dando maestà al discorso, ed efficacia, in cui all' antico ben collocato, suole andar dietro un non so che di pellegrino, e di grazioso. E ottimamente i maggiori nostri Accademici ci proposero per idea del parlare gli antichi; poichè essi parlavano col linguaggio del cuore, e i moderni Componimenti possono essere bene più sublimi in parte, e più adorni, ma non già per ventura in universale più toccanti: e altrove (65): tutte le parole si poson dire in suo luogo, e tempo, e col senno; e dagli Accademici della Crusca (66) altresì, che tutte le parole a' loro luoghi ottimamente si adoperano, e tornan bene, come sovente egli avviene d' alcuna pittura, che fuori del suo lume non rilieva, e tale ora si mostra sproporzionata, che poi collocata al suo luogo, dà altrui negli occhi, e nella aggiustata veduta non che si mostri, e ben proporzionata, e ben condotta, ma spicca a maraviglia, e campeggia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXI. Diversamente usò <b>Pietro di Corbiacco</b>, uno de' Padri, e Maestri della <b>Poesia volgare</b>, allora che delle più alte materie, e scienze prese altamente a trattare in quel suo veramente aureo Poema titolato il Tesoro, detto <b>Provenzalmente</b> <u>Lo Tresor</u> de Maestre Peire (o Pere) de <b>Corbiac</b>, esistente nella Biblioteca Vaticana (67), che quando a diporto della sua Donna vaghe <b>canzonette</b> compose. Altre voci adoperò Ramondo della Torre da <b>Marsiglia</b>, descrivendo l' eccellenze della bella, sopra tutte le belle Città Dels Florentins, qu' om appella Florenza (68), che quando si mise a discorrere delle guerre, che correvano tra i Principi del suo tempo. Con altre frasi, molti de' nostri Maestri, e Padri della volgar Poesia si misero divinamente a cantare le lodi della BEATISSIMA VERGINE, e fra essi Pietro Guglielmo, e Lanfranco Cicala, che quando i vizi di quella età ne' loro famosissimi Serventesi presero a rimproverare. Nella Storia di <b>Tirant lo Blanc</b>, che si conserva nella <a href="https://www.librerialasapienza.it/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Libreria della Sapienza</a> di Roma, composta dal Cavalier Pietro Giovanni <b>Martorell</b>, uno de' più chiari lumi della nostra Lingua, con altre forme risponde esso Tirante al Cavalier delle Ville-Erme, suo rivale (69); e con diverso stile scrive alla sua bella ugualmente, e costante Principessa Carmesina (70). Lo stesso Martorelli, non in persona d' altri, ma per se proprio, con altri modi scrive dalla nobilissima Città di Valenza sua Patria, alla Maestà del Re di Portogallo Don Fernando, dedicandole la suddetta Storia; e con altra maniera parla co' Lettori nel Proemio della medesima. Laonde, il buon giudicio dello Scrittore, come soggiungono i mentovati Accademici, può solamente scieglier le voci, adattar le locuzioni, accomodar le maniere, all' occasioni, alle materie, a' tempi, alle persone; nè vi ha regola si presissa, che possa servir d' istruzione alle Scritture.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span><span>XXII. L' <b>ortografia</b> degli <b>antichi </b>era pessima, e confusissima, imperocchè, oltre che non adoperavano nè l' <b>apostrofo</b>, nè la <b>virgola</b>, nè l' <b>accento</b>, e le lettere maggiori, o <b>majuscole</b> solamente le usavano ne' capi versi, attaccavano per lo più gli <b>articoli</b> co i <b>nomi</b>, e di due, e tre, e più <b>vocaboli</b> alle volte non ne facevano altro, che uno, unendogli in una sola figura, ed all' incontro, in due, e tre figure qualche volta un sol <b>vocabolo</b> dividevano; il che reca non poca confusione a chiunque non abbia cognizione dello sregolato scrivere di quei tempi, o <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/03/natxo-sorolla-ignacio-sorolla.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">che non sia pratico in materia di Lingua</a>; ed è stato cagione di molti sbagli, come appieno dimostrano le Annotazioni, e gli Avvertimenti di tutti coloro, che nel secolo XVI. furono Deputati in Firenze dal Serenissimo Granduca alla correzione del <a href="https://lo-decameron.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Boccaccio</a>, per ridurlo alla sua vera, ed intera lezione. Onde per agevolare al Lettore l' intelligenza degli esempi, e de' passi antichi Provenzali, ho proccurato di ridurli alla più chiara, e distinta ortografia; circa la quale mi sono per lo più conformato con quella, che ritennero gli Accademici Barcellonesi nella impressione delle Rime del nostro Garzia: Ma non per ciò si credano gli amatori della sempremai veneranda antichità, ch' io abbia voluto in parte alcuna derogare alla fedeltà, e legalità de' Codici, e <b>testi</b> antichi, perchè altro non vi ho fatto, che aggiungervi le virgole, gli accenti, gli apostrofi, e distaccare gli articoli da i nomi, e cose simili, come si può vedere col rincontro degli stessi originali, mentre che di tutti cito puntualmente i numeri, le carte, le colonne, o altre somiglianti individuazioni, e in ciò mi sono affaticato viepiù, che non anno fatto altri molti in simili allegazioni: Anzi talora ne ho riportati alcuni nell' istesso modo, che sono scritti ne i testi, senza aggiugnervi (aggiungervi) una virgola, e senza alterarvi la minima cosa, acciocchè </span><span>possa vedere il curioso Lettore l' ortografia di quei tempi, come ho fatto nel Componimento di Giuffredo Rudello, che nel presente primo </span></span><span>Volume ho trascritto, e tradotto in Toscano, sul principio de i Preliminari toccanti la natura, e qualità delle Lettere dell' Abbiccì Toscano, e Provenzale; siccome anche nella mentovata Sestina di Arnaldo, e nelle sopraddette Gobbole (</span><b>Cobbole</b><span>) di Giovanni d' Albuzon, ed in altri. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXIII. Per entro le Storie, e Croniche di Francia stampate in Franzese si truovano molti atti, e frammenti di <b>Scritti Provenzali antichi</b>, i quali sono per lo più storpi, e monstruosi anzi che nò, poichè sembra, che in due lingue dettati, e formati sieno, cioè in Provenzale, e in Franzese, e non già in Provenzale schietto, per essere, come in vero sono la maggior parte malamente infranzesiti, come lo sono altresì quei versi Provenzali di Dante nel <a href="https://textos-dante-alighieri.blogspot.com/2020/08/purgatorio-canto-xxvi.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Canto XXVI. del Purgatorio</a>, ove introduce il suddetto Daniello a parlare in suo linguaggio Provenzale, come osservarono il Varchi (71), e il Castelvetro (72), e ultimamente l' eruditissimo Abate Anton Maria Salvini riferito dal Crescimbeni nella seguente Annotazione (73). </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“Ed in questo proposito notisi, che nel Dante della Crusca, come ci ha avvertito il dottissimo <b>Anton Maria Salvini</b>, è posto Jeu suis, per <b>Eu soi</b>, e nella Stampa de' Giunti di Firenze dell' anno 1506. questo Provenzale è infranzesito a proposito, con dire cortois in vece di <a href="https://textos-dante-alighieri.blogspot.com/2020/08/purgatorio-canto-xxvi.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">cortès</a>: joyeulx in luogo di <a href="https://textos-dante-alighieri.blogspot.com/2020/08/purgatorio-canto-xxvi.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">jausen</a>; ore in cambio di <a href="https://textos-dante-alighieri.blogspot.com/2020/08/purgatorio-canto-xxvi.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">ara</a>: pleure per <a href="https://textos-dante-alighieri.blogspot.com/2020/08/purgatorio-canto-xxvi.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">plor</a>, e simili. E lo avvertì poi egli stesso nelle sue <b>Prose Toscane</b> (74) così: “Di questi <b>Trovatori</b>, o <b>Poeti </b>(Provenzali) il più famoso fu <b><a href="https://textos-dante-alighieri.blogspot.com/2020/08/purgatorio-canto-xxvi.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Arnaldo Daniello</a></b> fatto parlare in sua lingua da Dante nel Purgatorio: </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://textos-dante-alighieri.blogspot.com/2020/08/purgatorio-canto-xxvi.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Eu soi Arnaut qi plor e vai cantan</a>.</span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><a href="https://textos-dante-alighieri.blogspot.com/2020/08/purgatorio-canto-xxvi.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Arnaldo io son</a>, <a href="https://textos-dante-alighieri.blogspot.com/2020/08/purgatorio-canto-xxvi.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">che piango, e vo cantando</a>, che alcuni malamente riformano nel Franzese, dicendo in vece di <a href="https://textos-dante-alighieri.blogspot.com/2020/08/purgatorio-canto-xxvi.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Eu soi</a>, <a href="https://textos-dante-alighieri.blogspot.com/2020/08/purgatorio-canto-xxvi.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Je suis</a>. "E di quì è, </span><span style="font-family: verdana;">che' l Landino, nel suo Comento sopra esso Dante, parlando de' medesimi <b>versi</b>, nell' accennato modo <b>infranzesiti</b> (come anno quasi tutti i testi stampati) senza aver egli consultato i buoni, e più sicuri <b>manoscritti</b>, disse: Scrisse questi versi il Poeta (Dante) parte in <b>Lingua Franzese, e parte in Catalana</b>, perchè <a href="https://textos-dante-alighieri.blogspot.com/2020/08/purgatorio-canto-xxvi.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Arnaldo</a> era dotto nell' una, e nell' altra Lingua. Laonde, quando nell' adoperare i passi, o esempi di simili scritture, vi ho trovate delle parole infranzesite, gli ho ridotti al loro vero <b>dialetto Provenzale</b>, senza renderne conto, nè ragione al Lettore, per altro ben avvertito da quel che intorno a questo proposito lasciò scritto Raimondo Vidal, più secoli sono, nel suo Libro del poetar <b>volgare</b> (75), que tuyt aquel, qe dizon amis per amics, e moi per me &c. tut fallon, qe paraulas son <b>franzesas</b>, e no las deu hom mesclar ab <b>lemosinas</b> cioè: che tutti quelli, che dicono amis per amics, e moi per me &c. tutti fallano, per essere parole della <b>Lingua Franzese</b>, le quali non si debbono mescolare col <b>Provenzale, o Limosino</b>, <u>ch' è il medesimo</u>. Quando però mi è convenuto rassettare qualche parola de' <b>Codici MSS.</b> storpia da' <b>trascrittori</b>, e <b>copiatori</b> di quell' età, i quali badavano assai più alla bellezza, ed apparenza de' caratteri, che all' arte di rettamente scrivere; e che la differenza sia sì notabile, che ne faccia variare il senso, o il significato, o che malagevolmente s' intenda che cosa voglia dire, in cotal caso ne rendo la ragione, come nel passo del Monaco di Montaudone, che allego alla voce Sonetto, il qual passo, o esempio, per leggersi scorretto ne' testi, fece prendere sbaglio all' Ubaldini nella parola Lombarda Mo della sua Tavola al Barberino.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">XXIV. Alcuni degli Autori, o Vocabolistari, e comunemente tutti quelli, che non anno avuta molta cognizione della nostra Lingua, si sono creduti, che fosse la medesima, che la Franzese, ed anno scambievolmente presa l' una per l' altra, senza farvi differenza; come abbiamo da' Deputati del 73. i quali parlando nel Proemio delle loro Annotazioni, d' un certo libretto scritto nel buon secolo della Lingua Toscana, contenente alcuni miracoli della SANTISSIMA VERGINE, dicono così: Per la maggior parte ha sapore essere cavato dal Provenzale, o dal Francesco, che dir si debbia: Che quantunque fra queste lingue fino allora avesse alcuna differenzia (molta, e non alcuna, anzi sono elleno del tutto differenti, come avverte il Salvini </span><span style="font-family: verdana;">(76), e Fazio Uberti lo mostri manifestamente, nondimeno secondo l' uso comune di que' tempi, abbiamo indifferentemente preso, ed usato questo nome, ed a questa occasione non è stato male avvertirne il Lettore. Onde non rechi maraviglia, se in cotali Vocabolistari, e Glosatori, vi si troveranno alcune voci allegate per Provenzali, che non sono registrate, nè annoverate nel mio Libro, perchè a bella posta le ho rigettate, ed escluse per non essere nostrali.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXV. E se bene, all' incontro, ve ne sieno registrate di quelle, che alcuni di tali Autori anno annoverate per Francesche, le quali col Franzese veramente gran somiglianza, ed affinità si vede, che anno, verbigrazia coraggio, naverare ec., e che per conseguenza parrà a più d' uno, che da quell' Idioma vago, e leggiadro sieno state tolte piuttosto, che dal Provenzale; Debbo quì generalmente avvertire, che non è cotale somiglianza sì perfetta, e sì uniforme, com' è quella, che anno col Provenzale, come si dimostrerà a' loro luoghi: Ed in oltre, che i Franzesi non possono allegare degli esempli, così antichi, come sono quelli de' nostri Provenzali, giacchè era, come dice il Bembo (77), per tutto il Ponente la favella Provenzale ne' tempi, ne' quali ella fiorì, in prezzo, e in istima molta, e tra tutti gli altri idiomi di quelle parti di gran lunga primiera: conciossiacosachè ciascuno o Francese, o Fiamingo, o Guascone, o Borgognone, o altramente di quelle Nazioni, che egli si fosse, il quale bene scrivere, e spezialmente verseggiar volesse; quantunque egli Provenzale non fosse, lo faceva <b>Provenzalmente</b>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>XXVI. Anzi tutte le nostre voci, che anno uniformità, e amistanza col Franzese, le anno certamente i Franzesi tolte dal Provenzale, come afferma Cesare di Nostradama colle sue autorità, che ad altro effetto si sono dedotte, e trascritte di sopra ne' numeri IV. e VI. E ciò si conferma col riflettere, che nella Corte de i Re di Francia, e generalmente in tutto quel Regno, e si usasse, e si parlasse questa nostra dolce, e gentil favella molti anni prima, che la Franzese, come attestano parecchi Autori di varie Nazioni, particolarmente il Presidente <a href="https://www.digitale-sammlungen.de/en/view/bsb10164135?page=,1" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Claudio Fauchet</a> Franzese (78), e dopo di lui il celebre Carlo Du-Fresne della medesima Nazione (abbiano pazienza i Franzesi, se non seguo la moda, per citare, e trascrivere così spesso le loro autorità) ne' numeri 34. 35. e 36. della Prefazione del suo Glossario agli Scrittori della mezzana, e bassa latinità, col seguente discorso. “At quam <b>Romanam</b> nostri, <b>Limosinam</b> appellavere non modò <b>Itali</b>, sed & <b>Hispani</b> praesertim, apud quos diu in usu fuerit. Ex quo enim exacti ab Hispania Mauri, redactum est potissimum <b>vulgare</b> Idioma ad tres Linguas, <b>Vasconicam</b>, seu <b>Biscainam</b>, quae in <b>Biscaia</b>, Navarra, Guipuscoa, & Alva (Álava, Araba) obtinuit: <b>Castellanam</b> alteram, quae rarioris fuit usus, utpotè barbaris aspersa vocabulis, à quibus tum demùm est purgata, cum ad unicum Principem tota <b>Hispaniarum</b> potestas rediit. Hac autem Lingua usi praesertim <b>Castellani</b>, Toletani, Leonenses, Asturienses, Extremadurenses, & Granatenses. Sed & viguit in Gallicia, Andalucia, Lusitania, ac Aragonia, exteris subinde <b>vocabulis</b>, Arabicis, Francicis, aliisque intermixta. Tertia denique fuit <b><a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/2019/12/ecrire-occitan-essai-presentation-synthese.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Limosina</a></b>, cujus usus fuit in <b>Catalania</b>, in Comitatibus <a href="https://regnemallorca.blogspot.com/2021/08/geroni-rossello.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ruscinonensi</a>, & <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2021/02/23-de-junio-capitulos.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ceritanensi</a>, in Aquitania, & Occitania, atque adeò, ut Scriptores Hispani volunt IN IPSA REGUM NOSTRORUM AULA. A Catalania in Valentiae, Maioricae, & Minoricae Regna postea transiit, quod ea ad Barcinonenses Principes perinde spectarint &c. EA QUIPPE LINGUA NITIDA ADEO, FLORIDA, CULTA, AC POLITA HABITA EST, UT NULLA FERE' EXTITERIT REGIO, IN QUAM NON IMMISSA FUERIT, cum maximè in Principum aulis magno in pretio haberentur Poetae Provinciales, eorumque poemata, ut genio quasi dotata singulari, ubique ferè legerentur. Escolanus, & Boschus de hac Lingua scribentes, ajunt, quod fuit. Tant graciosa, sentenciosa, y dolça, que noy ha llengua que ab mes breus (d) <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/06/tomo-i-texto-x-rey-deputados-deputatis-regni-aragonum.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">paraulas</a> diga mes alts, y millors conceptes tenint en tot una viva semblança ab sa Mare <b>Llatina</b>. Ella fonc la que donà principi als Versos, y Rimas que s' usan en Roma (leggi en <b>Romanz</b>, cioè in <b>Romanze</b>, in <b>Volgare</b>) cantant ab ellas ab so </span><span>de consonancias las dissonancias de las passions ab aguts, y dolços pensamens &c.” Subdunt deinde hujus Idiomatis vocabulis crebriùs poëmata sua aspersisse Petrarcham, quod observarunt etiam ejus Interpretes. <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/07/jaime-ii-elige-esposa-1314.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Raymundus Montanerius</a> qui vixit circa annum 1300. Historiam suam hac Lingua exaravit: & <a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/2022/11/indice-tomos-27-y-28.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Carbonellus</a> in Chronico, ejusdem <b>Idiomatis</b> Tabulas, variaque acta descripsit. Certè <b>Linguam</b> hanc, <b>Provincialem</b> scilicet, IN REGUM NOSTRORUM PALATIIS PRIMITUS USITATAM, evincunt que (e con rabito) ex ea delibavit Nithardus lib. 3. à quo <b>Romana </b>appellatur, quae haud omnino diversa ab ea, qua utuntur <b>Provinciales</b> nostri: quod facile erit assequi utramque comparanti. Undè rectè, opinor, dixit Vadianus l. de Monast. </span><span>Germ. Salicam Legem <b>Romanos</b>, hoc est, <b>Provinciales </b>vocare, qui Romana, id est, <b>Provinciali</b> <b>lingua </b>utebantur: Cum <b>Provincialium</b> </span><span>nomine omnes de Alvernia, & Vasconia, & <b><a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Gothos Provinciales</a></b> appellatos autor sit <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raimundo_de_Aguilers" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Raymundus de Agiles</a> in Histor. Hierosol. Ut verò res plana fiat, placet Sacramentum Ludovici Regis, cujus meminimus, <b>Romana Lingua</b> descriptum à Nithardo hic proponere. - Cumque Karolus, (inquit) haec eadem verba <b>Romana Lingua</b> perorasset, Lodhuvicus, quoniam major natu erat, prior haec deinde se servaturum testatus est: Pro Deo amor, & pro Christian poblo, & nostro comun salvament dist di en avant, in quant Deus savir, & podir me dunat, si </span><span>salvare jo cist meon fradre Karlo, & in adjudha, & in cadhuna cosa, si cum om per dreit son fradre salvar dist in ò quid il mi altre si fazed, & ab <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/08/restauratio-dotatio-monasterii-pino-sancto-dcccclxvii-967.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ludher</a> nul plaid nunquam prindrai, qui meon vol cist meon fradre Karle in dano sit.” Quae sic <b>Latinis</b> istius saeculi sonant: Pro Dei amore, & pro Christiano populo, & nostro communi salvamento inantea (seu deinceps) in quantum Deus sapere, & posse mihi dederit, salvabo (seu salvum, & incolumen praestabo) hunc meum fratrem Karolum, & in auxilio, & in unaquaque causa (i. re Gall. chose) ut homo per drictum (seu jus) suum fratrem salvare debet, in eo quod ille mihi alter faceret, & cum <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/11/catalogo-obispos-gerona-tomo-xiii-carta-xcv-95.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Lothario</a> nullum placitum unquam capiam, quod mea voluntate huic meo fratri Karolo in damno sit. Sacramentum verò populi Romana pariter Lingua, sic describit idem Nithardus: Si Lodvuigs Sagrament que son fradre Karlo jurat conservat, & Karlus meo sender de sua part non los tanit, si jo returnar non lint pois, ne jo ne nuls cui eo returnar int pois in nulla adjudha contra Lodhuvig nun li juer.” Id est Lingua ejusce aevi Latina, quantum licet assequi: Si Ludovicus sacramentum quod suo fratri Karolo jurat, conservat, & Karolus meus senior ex sua parte non illud tenet, si ego retornare non possim, vel nolim ad eum retornare, in nullo ei auxilio ero contra Ludovicum &c. Atque haec quidem Romana Nithardi, licèt mendis utcumque carere non dubitem, velim Lector conferat cum veteri charta </span><b>vernacula</b><span> in Ruthenensi Comitatu, ubi </span><a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/2019/12/ecrire-occitan-essai-presentation-synthese.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Lingua Lemovicina</a><span> perinde usurpata sub </span><a href="https://www.buscabiografias.com/biografia/verDetalle/4052/Luis%20VI%20el%20Gordo%20-%20Luis%20VI%20de%20Francia" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ludovico VI</a><span>. hoc est circa annum 1100. exarata, quam descripsimus ex Tabulario </span><a href="https://www.smrcuenca.com/programa-smr/intimo-y-espiritual/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Abbatiae Conchensis</a><span>, ch. 566., ut </span><b>Idioma </b><span>ejusce aevi cum </span><b>Idiomate</b><span> aevi </span><b>Carolini </b><span>comparet. Ego in Dei nomine, ego Hector, & Pontius de Cambolas, & ego Falcas, daquesta hora ad enant en la Villa de Pradis, home ni femena de las crodes enins non y pendren, ni ly feren, ni ly queeyren, ni son aver no ly tolran, ni fac nou lo faren, ni deforas los crous home, ny femena que sien en la villa sia esta dehors, se per forfactura que faran aquez no no faxian, & aquo no faran tro al Abat, & al Prior, quella villa tenria clamat ò acsem una vice vel duas. Et se els reddezer nos o fazio, que non pressen sobre nostre dreich, & senescian, & o efrangrian fers XIII. dias al so moniment del Abbat, ò de so messatge, ò del Monge, que la vila tenria, o de so messatge, o emenderan aissi o tenren, & o atendren per fe, & senes engan per eis Sants Evangelis. Authores Ademarus Ruthenensis Episcopus, & Odolricus Archidiaconus, & Guillelmus & Azemarus Dauriat, Bac de Petra bruna, Folquenis de Segur, Bernardus qui vocatur Graecus, Bernarz Guirals della Salas, Bernarz de Cannet, Deusdet de Caunat, & Peire de la Vallada, Rainalz lo Monges, & altre molt que ouiro, & que audiro. Regnante </span><a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/12/judicium-favorem-monasterii-balneolensis-latum-dccclxxx-990.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ludovico Rege</a><span>.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">XXVII. Ma contuttociò non creda il lettore, ch' io sia d' opinione, che l' Idioma Toscano non abbia tolte delle parole al Franzese; anzi se non fosse che' l riferirle farebbe fuori dell' intenzione del mio Libro, ne potrei annoverare per verità più d' una cinquantina, come agio per età; a fusone, cioè abondantemente; approccio, arresto per sentenza, o decreto; arrolare, arrolato, barulè, bicocca, ciamberlano, congedo, e congio, convoitoso, usato dagli antichi per cupido, avido; damigella, dilajare, che vuol dir prolungare; fa niente, cioè ozioso; furbo, furbetto, furberia, furbescamente, furbesco, furiere, giovedì, lunedì, martedì, mercoledì, venerdì, e venardì, giubbetto, grè, onde il giuoco della lumagrè, come osservò il Redi (79: Annot. Ditir. a c. 77. ediz. 1691.), insembre, lacchè, lungo per rasente, o accosto; marrone, per una spezie di castagna; mignone, cioè il cucco, il favorito; morso per </span><span style="font-family: verdana;">boccone; morsura, pastone, pennacchio, peri, prenze, e prence, prete, rasojo, riso, per una sorte di biada; <a href="https://lo-decameron.blogspot.com/2018/09/jornada-segona-novela-quinta.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">ruga</a>, per <a href="https://lo-decameron.blogspot.com/2018/09/jornada-segona-novela-quinta.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">istrada</a>; ruolo, saggio, per sabio; soja, sugliardo, sur, tabì, toeletta, tusanti, villa per città come in quel verso: Sopra' l gran fiume d' Arno, alla gran Villa &c. </span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXVIII. Lo stesso che ho detto in ordine a quelle voci, che anno similitudine, o affinità col Franzese, si debbe parimente intendere rispetto a quelle, che l' anno col Castigliano, che parimente ho prodotte ne' loro luoghi dell' alfabeto, e che parranno più tosto Castigliane, o dalla Lingua Castigliana esser prese, che dalla Provenzale, come cominciare, battaglia, cortesia, cambiare, galoppo, peso, aggradare, riposo, e cento più, le quali anno pure i Castigliani cavate dal fonte Provenzale, come affermò il dottissimo Onorato Bouche nella sua sopra citata Istoria di</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Provenza con le seguenti parole (80: Tom. I. lib. 2, cap. 6. fogl. 95.). “Voire c' est le commun sentiment de plusieurs grands personnages Italiens, comme j' ay oüi dire à quelques uns d' iceux en Italie, que la Langue Provençale êtoit la Mere de la Langue Italienne du jourd'huy. Ce que nous pourrions ausi bien dire de la Langue Espagnole de ce tems, qu' elle soit une fille de la Provençale, d' où l' on peut en quelque façon conclurre, que tous les mots qui sont en usage entre ces trois peuples, & qui ne peuvent pas être derivez de quelque racine Grecque, ou Latine ne sont pas tant Espagnols ou Italiens, que Provençaux, comme ceux-cy Italiens Badar, Engagnar, Escarecar, Pulit, Far escomessa &c. & ceux-cy Espagnols Borrar, Despedaçar, Desamparar, Escupir, Flaqueza, Embud (Entonnoir) & plusieurs autres, qu' on peut remarquer en la lecture des livres composez en ces langues.”</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXIX. Nè serve, che per parte della gentilissima, e fortunata Lingua Castigliana, s' alleghi l' asserzione del sempre con lode mentovato Gio. Mario Crescimbeni, il quale in una delle sue annotazioni sopra la Vita d' Ugo di Lobieri Poeta Provenzale, appellato da Gio. di Nostradama alla Franzese Hugues de Lobieres, asserisce, che (81): “Il cognome di Lobieres è preso da un luogo così detto denominato da i lupi, che in Ispagnuolo, da cui molto prende il Provenzale, si dicono Lobos: così Lobieres, Lupaja, come Cabreres, e Vacqueres, luoghi parimente Provenzali, che vagliono in Italiano Capraja, e Vaccara, dalle Capre, e dalle Vacche.” “Perchè, tralasciando, che sino da' tempi antichi si dice nella nostra Lingua Lob, e Lop al Lupo, onde l' Autore del Trattato de' Peccati Mortali (82): E quant degran esser pastors, els son lobs, e Pietro Tomic (83): Lo Rey (d' Aragona Don Giovanni) retornant sen en Barcelona caçava davant lo Castel d' Orriols en lo bosc de Foxà e corrent una loba lo dit Rey morì, e nel Trattato delle Virtù (84): Trobat es estat sovent, que las lobas noirisson los enfans, que trobon gitatz, e los deffendon de las altras bestias, & assò fai sola natura, e nella Vita di Raimondo di Miravalle (85): La Dompna de Carcassès, qe avia nom la loba; così Lobera, e Lobeira (cognome pure di Famiglia esistente nella Città di Girona) che i Toscani chiamano lupaja, onde Buonafede antico Poeta Provenzale appellato Bonafè in una sua Tenzone con Blancasso (86):</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Seigner Blancatz, de nuoit à la lumeira</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Es plus temsutz, que laire, ne lobeira. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Signor Blancasso, di notte alla lumiera</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sei più temuto, che ladro, né lupaja.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">i Franzesi Louviere; e i Castigliani poi, non avendo vocabolo proprio, ed acconcio, con che appellarla, essendo in questa parte la loro lingua manchevole la esprimono colla parafrasi Guarida de lobos, cioè rifugio, e ricettacolo de' lupi: Tralasciando dunque, com' io dissi, queste cose, ed altre, che tornerebbono bene, come farebbe l' affermare, che l' accennata voce Guarida l' anno presa per certo i Castigliani dalla nostra Lingua, onde il Sordello Mantovano, che scrisse in Provenzale (87: Nel citato Codic. Vatican. 3204. a c. 109. terg. colonn. I.)</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">--- car non trob à l' essida</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ni riba, ni port, ni pont, ni garida.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">--- poichè non trovo all' escita</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nè riva, nè porto, nè ponte, nè rifugio.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E l' Autore del citato Trattato de i Peccati (88: Cod. Vat. 4799. a c. 241.): La quinta branca d' avaricia es sacrilegi &c. Altra maneira es, quant hom ars, o crema Gleisas, e Moncstiers, o masons de religion; o quant hom trai de Gleisas, o cementeris aquels que i venon a garida: Lasciando dunque tutto questo da parte: Chi poi non vede, che ciò, che nella trascritta annotazione s' asserisce a favor della Lingua Castigliana, è detto incidentemente? Oltre, che se si tratta de' tempi bassi della nostra Lingua, ne' quali, avendosi unite le Corone di <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/12/28-de-marzo.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Castiglia</a>, e d' <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/07/eleccion-ramiro-ii-rey-aragon.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Aragona</a>, parece que tambien se han querido incorporar las lenguas Castigliana, e Catalana, come dice lo Scuolano (89: Nel luogo sopra trascritto al num. XV.), con molto fondamento asseverare si può, che la Provenzale, o vero Catalana prende dalla Castigliana.</span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">XXX. Ben noto è per altro, a tutti i Letterati, che la nostra Lingua, è più antica assai, della Castigliana, poichè fu per tutto il Ponente, tra tutti gli altri Idiomi di quelle parti di gran lunga primiera (90), e così florida, culta, ac polita, ut nulla ferò extiterit Regio, in quam immissa non fuerit (91); e la Castigliana al contrario, mentre fino al 1479. nel quale ad unicum Principem tota Hispaniarum potestas rediit, come dice il Du-Fresne (92) rarioris fuit usus, utpotè barbaris spersa vocabulis. Anzi lo stesso Crescimbeni, parlando sopra questa materia di precedenza, ed antichità fra le lingue volgari, mi disse aver letto in un certo Autore straniero, che in Catalogna incominciò a corrompersi il dialetto latino, che correva in tempo dell' Imperio de' Goti. Ed a questo proposito è cosa degna d' osservare, che in Catalogna pure s' incominciò l' uso di trattare le Leggi, e Costituzioni, e tutti gli atti giudiziali in lingua volgare; anzi nel 1412. D. Ferdinando I. Infante di Castiglia, che fu eletto, e dichiarato Re d' Aragona, e Conte di Barcellona dagli Stati di Catalogna, Aragona, e Valenza congregati in Caspe, per esser morto intestato, e senza successione il Re Don Martino, che fu l' ultimo Re, e Conte della stirpe de' Beringhieri; fece in Catalogna una Legge, tra l' altre, insieme co i tre Stati generali del Principato, cioè l' Ecclesiastico, il Nobile, e' l Borghese, o Cittadino, comandando espressamente, che tutte le suddette cose fossero fatte, e trattate nel nostro volgar Catalano, e non in latino, nè in altro straniero linguaggio, come apparisce dal Volume delle nostre Costituzioni esistente nella Biblioteca Barberina, e così fu sempre praticato fino al 1714.; la qual legge, per dirlo di passaggio, pare che indirettamente, e in alcun modo sia stata confermata dalla SANTISSIMA VERGINE NOSTRA DONNA, coll' occasione d' un miracolo, che a intercession sua, fece il Beato Fra Salvadore d' Orta Francescano, di far parlare in Lingua Catalana una Donzella muta di otto anni di Nazione Navarrese, come raccontano i compilatori della Vita di esso Beato Fr. Salvatore, e riferisce il Bollando negli Atti de i Santi (93). E simile uso poi negli altri Stati, e Regni dell' Europa, non che di Castiglia solo, non incominciò, che cento cinquant' anni dopo, nella propia lingua naturale di ciascun paese (94). Ma non occorre, che sopra ciò mi affatichi, nè perda più tempo in addurre dell' altre autorità, e memorie, che mi sono rimase nel Zibaldone, e fra l' altre, che (95) L' an 1613. on imprimà à Paris un gros livre in quarto en langue Françoise, qui contient 1030. pages, ayant pour tître: Thresor des Langues de cet univers, contenant les origines, beautez, perfections, decadences, mutations, & ruines des langues, où l' Autheur Monsieur Claude Duret Bourbonnois en compte jusqu' à 56. </span><span style="font-family: verdana;">& parmy les autres il place la Cathalanne avant l' Espagnole, & plusieurs autres: mentre che dalle Tavole degli Autori, e de i libri in Provenzale, poste in fronte del mio Vocabolario può il Lettore abbastanza soddisfarsi; conciossiachè i più antichi, che la Castigliana Lingua in questo, od altro giudizio possa produrre, faranno di gran lunga posteriori a molti di quei, che in esse Tavole oggidì compariscono.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXI. Ben noto è altresì a tutta la letteraria Repubblica, che i Poeti Provenzali Padri della Poesia Volgare, i quali anno insegnato a tutti il poetar volgare (96), appellati perciò onorevolmente da' Toscani col titolo di Maestri (97), sono più antichi assai, e di gran lunga primieri, che i Castigliani, come rinvergò Don Niccolò Antonio nella sua famosa Biblioteca degli Autori, e Scrittori Spagnuoli (98); trovandosi, che la Poesia, e Musica Provenzale, la quale, come dice il sopraddetto Salvini (99), fu negli antichi tempi una generale magia, e un' incanto soavissimo, e affascinamento, per così dire, degli orecchi, e degli animi costumati virtuosi, e gentili, era già in fiore nel Secolo XII. in tempo dell' Imperadore Federigo I., come abbiamo dalle Storie, e dalle Vite de' medesimi nella seguente guisa (100); Dappoichè &c. ebbe egli (il suddetto Imperadore Federico I.) ritornata all' ubbidienza la Città di Milano, che gli si era ribellata &c. ritrovandosi in Turino l' illustre Ramondo Beringhieri detto il Giovane, Conte di Barcellona, e di Provenza &c. accompagnato da una gran turba di Oratori, e di Poeti Provenzali, e di Gentiluomini della sua Corte, andò a visitarlo &c. Grande accoglienza gli fece l' Imperadore per la fama, che correva di lui, e de' suoi fatti &c. il che addivenne l' anno 1162. &c. Il Conte Ramondo fece da i suoi Poeti recitare molte belle Canzoni in Lingua Provenzale alla presenza dell' Imperadore, il quale per lo piacere, che ne prese, restando maravigliato delle loro belle, e piacevoli invenzioni, e delle maniere del rimare, fece loro di ricchi doni, e compose a loro imitazione un Madrigale nella stessa Lingua Provenzale. E notò l' eruditissimo Anton Domenico Norcia con le seguenti parole (101: Ne' suoi Congres. Litterar. a c. 210. ): Andò poi di tal maniera colà crescendo la fama, e la gloria della Poesia Provenzale, che lo stesso Imperadore Federigo I. non isdegnò d' applicarvi, e fra i diversi componimenti, che egli fece, trovasi ancora a' tempi nostri un suo gentilissimo Madrigale.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXII. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">All' incontro la Castigliana cominciò solamente a nascere nel principio del secolo XV. con le Rime di Juan de Mena Cordovese, che morì nell' anno 1456., e dell' età sua 45.; e con quelle di Garzilaso de la Vega Toledano, e di Juan Boscan Barzellonese, che ebbe genio di rimare in Castigliano (forse perchè già nel suo tempo erano unite le Corone d' Aragona, e di Castiglia) i quali furono coetani, e fiorirono in tempo dell' Imperadore Carlo V., e il nostro Boscano fu il primo, che fece Sonetti, ed altri versi interi, o perfetti d' undeci sillabe nel medesimo Idioma Castigliano, come notarono Hernando de Hozes (102), e il Redi (103), e si raccoglie da i Proemi, e dall' Epistole dedicatorie, che si leggono in fronte delle sue Rime. E se bene molti anni prima che fiorisse Giovanni di Mena, cioè nel declinare del secolo XIII., in tempo del Re Alfonso X. di Castiglia cognominato el Sabio, che morì nel 1284. s' incominciò in quelle parti di Castiglia a verseggiare in volgare, non fu però in volgar Castigliano, come attesta Gonzalo Argote de Molina, Poeta Castigliano anche esso, e celebre antiquario (104): Y si à alguno (por causa de las Coplas de Macias referidas) le pareciere (dice egli) que Macias era Portuguès, estè advertido, que hasta los tiempos del Rey Enrique el Tercero todas las Coplas que se hazian comunemente por la mayor parte, eran en aquella lengua, hasta que despues en tiempo del Rey Don Juan (il II., il quale morì nell' anno 1454. e del suo regnare, 47.) con la comunicacion de las naciones estrangeras se tratò de este genero de letras con mas curiosidad: Benchè il detto Autore in ciò prenda sbaglio, credendo, che fosse in Portoghese, quando, a dire il vero, il loro poetare era nel dialetto antico di Galizia (simile per altro a quello de' Portoghesi) il quale è quasi un puro Provenzalismo, come si può vedere, ed osservare in leggendo i faggi delle Rime del sapientissimo ugualmente, ed infelice Re Don Alfonso X. soprammentovato, che si trovano per entro alcuni libri Storici Spagnuoli, ed in particolare presso il suddetto Gonzalo Argote (105: Luog citat. fogl. 136.), e appo i Bollandisti (106: Nel tom. 7. del Mese di Maggio fogl. 310.); i quali Bollandisti, per quello, che appartiene al linguaggio nel verseggiare, non discordan dal mio sentimento, ma sbagliano per altro, nel credere, che la cagione, per la quale il suddetto Re scrisse in quell' Idioma, e non in Castigliano, fosse, perchè tutto' l tempo della sua fanciullezza stette, ed abitò in Galizia (107); non sapendo essi, che quel dialetto, quasi Provenzale, era allora in uso nella Corte Castigliana: E si vederebbe, ed osserverebbe assai meglio, e senza scorrezioni, nè stroppiature, dal prezioso, e vagamente miniato Codice in cartapecora delle Rime dello stesso Monarca, che si conserva a S. Lorenzo nello Scoriale nella famosissima Biblioteca del nostro invittissimo Re, e Sovrano FILIPPO V., che Iddio conservi; ove le Poesie vi sono trascritte insieme colla Musica, incominciando a guisa di titolo: </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don Alfonso de Castela</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De Toledo, e de Leon, ec. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fezo cantares, e sones</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Saborosos de cantar,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Todos de (e) sennas razones,</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Com y podedes achar. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don Alfonso di Castiglia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Di Toledo, e di Leone, ec. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fece canzoni, e suoni</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Savorosi da cantare, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tutti di serie, e savie ragioni, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Come quì potete vedere. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">come si legge presso il suddetto Gonzalo. Sicchè fa d' uopo concludere, come io dissi, che tutte le voci, che nel Provenzale, e nel Castigliano sono le medesime, o anno fra di loro stretta parentela (trattene alcune poche originate dall' Arabico, e le prette latine, che sono comuni ad ambedue le lingue, ed alcune di moderne, che s' incominciarono d' introdurre a poco a poco nel nostro Contado, dopo che ad unicum Principem tota Hispaniarum potestas rediit, come era in tempo de' Re Gotti) le anno ricevute i Castigliani dalla nostra lingua Provenzale, ovvero Catalana; o per lo meno così si debbe credere, come ci ammonisce l' eruditissimo Benedetto Varchi Lettor di Lingua Toscana, nel suo Dialogo delle Lingue intitolato l' Ercolano, dove parlando delle nostre voci, che passarono alla Toscana, e ricercando il Conte Cesare, se farebbe possibile, che i Toscani avessero alcune di coteste stesse voci, non da' Provenzali preso, ma da quelle medesime Lingue, dalle quali le pigliarono i Provenzali; risponde esso Varchi, che farebbe, e anco, che la Provenza n' avesse prese alcune dalla Toscana; ma perchè i Rimatori Provenzali furono prima de' Toscani, perciò si pensa, che essi abbiano dato, e non ricevuto cotali voci.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXIII. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ma giacchè di sopra ho annoverato, ancora che di passaggio, una buona parte delle voci Franzesi usate da' Toscani; parmi, che troppo torto farei alla mia Nazione Spagnuola, se prima di passare ad altri preliminari avvertimenti, lasciassi quì di mentovare le voci Castigliane adoperate parimente da' Toscani, benchè la ricerca, e difesa di queste aspetti propriamente ai Castigliani, siccome a' Franzesi delle loro. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sono elleno dunque le seguenti. Accatarrare, acciacco per iscusa, ovvero malattia finta; aloscia, aorcare, attizzamento, attizzare, avvogado, baja, bizzarro, bizzarria, catarro, catarrale, catarroso, cavo, chicchera, chitarra, e chitarriglia suo diminutivo usato dal Tassoni nella Secchia rapita:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cantando a l' improvviso a note grosse </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sopra una chitarriglia discordata: </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">cianceare, cianciatore, ciancioso, ciancione, ciancia, ed indi ciancetta, ciancerella, ciancerulla, e cianciolina; ciccia, cioccolate, cunzia, cunziera, dentro, donde, donno, ovvero don per titolo di onore, Provenzal. en; garbo, cioè avvenenza, o leggiadria, onde garbato, garbatezza, e garbatamente; garretto, incatarrare, lindo, lindezza, majorasco, majorana, molenda, mozzo di camera, pastiglia, piccatiglio, polviglio, puntiglio, raso, per una spezie di drappo di seta; rocca pronunziata coll' o stretto, scarabattola, scoffina, sgarratare, sussiego, torrione, vainiglia, valigia, valigiato, ed indi svaligiare, e svaligiato; vicino, per cittadino; vigliacco, vigliaccheria, zappa, onde zappare, zappatore, zappatorello, zappetta, e zappettare</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXIV. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Molti sono poi gli Autori, che si sono affaticati in ricercare le origini, ed etimologie della Lingua Italiana, o vero delle sue voci, tra i quali si possono annoverare per ordine cronologico, Pierfrancesco Giambullari, Ascanio Persio, Angiolo Monosini, Celso Cittadini, Ottavio Ferrari, ed ultimamente Egidio Menagio; ma io debbo avvertire, che intorno a questa sorte di studio, poco, o nulla mi sono affaticato; perchè il mio scopo solamente è stato di far vedere, e provare, che tutte le voci, che nel mio Libro ho compilate, le anno prese immediatamente gl' Italiani dalla nostra Lingua Provenzale, o sieno elleno per altro originate dalla Greca, o dalla Latina favella, come veramente sono quasi la maggior parte, o da qualunque altra più antica Lingua. E anche perchè siccome confesso, che in tutte le Lingue, e più nella Toscana che in nessuna dell' altre, si trovano vocaboli di diversi Idiomi, così niego, che si debbia dar piena fede a cotali Autori; (sono parole del Varchi nel suo Dialogo delle Lingue al quesito VII. parlando di simili etimologici, ed originatori) Prima perchè per una etimologia, la quale sia certa, e vera, se ne ritrovano molte incerte, e false: Poi, perchè coloro, i quali fanno professione di trovare a ciascun nome la sua etimologia, sono bene spesso, non pure agli altri etimologici, ma ancora a se stessi contrari: oltra che egli non si ritruova voce nessuna in veruna lingua; la quale, o aggiugnendovi, o levandone, o mutandovi, o trasponendovi lettere, come fanno, non possa didursi, o dirivarsi da una qualche voce d' alcuna lingua: Senza che egli non si può veramente affermare, che un vocabolo, tutto che sia d' origine greca, e s' usi in Toscana, sia stato preso da Greci, verbigrazia questa parola Orgoglio è posta tra quelle dagli Autori, che avete nominati, le quali dirivano dal Greco, e nondimeno i Toscani (per quanto giudicare si può) non da i Greci la presero, ma da' Provenzali. Similmente Parlare, e Bravare, che io dissi di sopra esser venuti di Provenza, anno secondo cotesti medesimi Autori l' origine greca, e con tutto ciò i Toscani, non dalla Greca lingua, ma dalla Provenzale è verisimile, che gli pigliassero.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXV. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Vero è però, che non per questo ho tralasciato di leggere, e considerare tutte l' Opere, e le Origini, che da' suddetti Autori sono state con tanto studio, ed apparato d' erudizione compilate; sapendo bene, per altro, quanto importi il rintracciare la fonte, e l' origine delle voci, per bene, e saviamente, a suo proposito impiegarle, come magistralmente m' insegna il letteratissimo Salvini (108: Anton Mar. Salvin. Pros. Toscan. a c. 215. ); Anzi avendo osservato, che tutti, salvo il Monosini, che rispetto agli altri è il più sicuro, e dall' Accademia della Crusca in molte delle voci accettato; benchè, per altro, non lasci d' esser con ragione ripreso da chi ne sa più di lui (109), s' oppongono alla verissima opinione del Bembo, e del Varchi, e di tanti altri autorevoli Scrittori, intorno alle voci, che la Toscana ha tolte da' Provenzali; ho stimato essere mio obbligo il raccogliere quì gli argomenti, e le obbiezioni in generale, che fanno i suddetti contraddittori, e dar loro preliminarmente la dovuta soddisfazione, oltre alle risposte, che per entro il mio Libro sotto alcune delle voci si danno, contro alle particolari opposizioni, secondo l' occorrenza de' casi. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXVI.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Il Menagio dunque, al quale (benchè sia stato l' ultimo, che in simile materia abbia scritto) pare, che il primo luogo sia dovuto, così discorre alla voce Augello: Il Bembo nelle Prose, e ' l Varchi nell' Ercolano, vogliono, che sia della Lingua Provenzale. Che che ne sia, chiara cosa è, che s' origina dal Latino avicellus, diminutivo di avis; siccome uccello, voce, come dicono, antica Toscana. Avis, avicus, avicellus, aucellus, UCCELLO: augellus, AUGELLO. Le Glose antiche: aucellus *. Così da avica fecero oca gli Italiani; pigliando, come far si suole in cotali materie, il genere per la spezie. Avica, auca, oca, oa, Gall. oye. L' istesse Glose: auca *. Quelle d' Isidoro: aucella, ortygometra. </span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Il Glossario Arabico-Latino - auca anser. S' inganna il Castelvetro, (che che ne dica egli) il quale nel suo Discorso intitolato: Ragione d' alcune cose segnate nella Canzone del Caro; ed in quell' altro intitolato Correzione d' alcune cose del Dialogo del Varchi, come ancora ne' suoi Comentari sopra la Poetica d' Aristotele; conforme all' opinione di Jacopo Silvio, fa venir la detta voce Italiana oca dalla Greca *, che val l' istesso; congiungendosi l' articolo Greco * con quel nome. Ben s' avvide il Varchi di quest' errore: (nel qual pure inciampò il Vossio nel Trattato de Vit. Sermonis) ma non seppe già l' origine di questa voce </span><span style="font-family: verdana;">oca. Or, derivando ella indubitatamente dal Latino auca, come s' è veduto, è più verisimile, che gl' Italiani l' abbiano presa da' Latini immediatamente, che da' Provenzali. Il che s' intenda parimente per infinite altre voci Italiane, originate altresì dal Latino: le quali pure, e il detto Bembo nelle sue Prose, e il detto Varchi nel suo Ercolano, e i Deputati sopra la correzione del Boccaccio nelle loro Osservazioni sopra il Decamerone, ed il Tassoni nelle sue Considerazioni sopra il Petrarca, voglion, che siano Provenzali. Nè vale il dire; come fanno il Bembo, e' l Varchi; che i Rimatori Provenzali furono prima de' Toscani; e che perciò sia da credere, ch' essi abbiano date, e non ricevute, cotali voci; potendo anche sussistere una lingua, senza che vi sieno de' Rimatori. Oltre a ciò, cominciò a formarsi la Favella Italiana dalla Latina, gran tempo avanti a que' Rimatori Provenzali; cioè, circa il tempo dell' Imperador Giustiniano, come l' osservò bene Claudio Salmasio al capo quinto delle sue Osservazioni, intorno alla Giurisprudenza de' Greci, e de' Romani. Eccovi le sue parole: Scriptae sunt eo tempore Pandectae, quo Lingua Latina, jam in Italicam, quae nunc in usu est, desciverat. Cujus rei fidem facere potest Instrumentum Securitatis Plenariae, conscriptum quintodecimo anno Justinianei Imperii, Ravennae (lo fece stampare in Roma Gabriello Naudeo) in quo pro recto casu, & quarto, passim sextum reperire est. In Itinerario Antonini omnes Urbium appellationes sexto casu enuntiatae leguntur” con quel, che segue. Quasi lo stesso dice il Lipsio al capo 3. del suo Dialogo de recta pronunciatione: là dove intende di provare, che la Favella Italiana abbia più di mille anni: Argumentum mihi ex narratione, quae in Historia Miscella, de rebus sub Mauricio Imperatore gestis ait Paulus Diaconus, in exercitu cùm animans cecidisset, clamante quadam, torna, torna, frater, universas copias in fugam versas ambigua illius vocis: Agnoscis clarè Italicismum in his verbis. Et alterum firmius ab Instrumento, quod Luteciae in Bibliotheca Regis observatur. Transactio eo continetur Stephani Tutoris, cum Gratiano Pupillo, scripta anno Justinianei Imperatoris trigesimo octavo: & scripta hac vulgare Lingua.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXVII. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A questa sì fatta obbiezione soddisfacendo, dico: che le suddette autorità del Salmasio, e del Lipsio fondate ne' citati strumenti nulla conchiudono contro il mio assunto: Imperocchè, dal leggersi in essi sovente il sesto caso in vece del retto, e del quarto; e dal trovarsi ne' medesimi, delle parole barbare, altro non si può inferire, se non, che nel tempo dell' Imperadore Giustiniano, ovvero nel Secolo VI. allora quando in Costantinopoli verso l' anno 533. fece egli compilare le Leggi Romane in quella forma, che si vedono ne' Digesti, nel Codice, e nell' Autentica, era l' Idioma Latino già alla declinazion traboccante. Posciachè, sebbene in detto tempo è verisimile, che incominciassero a formarsi, o a nascere, per così dire, alcuni Vocaboli della nuova Lingua Italiana, questa però non si formò, o vero non *s*resse comune, ed idiomatica, che fino alla metà del Secolo XIII., o in quel torno, come confiderò bene il Muratori quando disse (110): Nasceva allora, (in tempo del Petrarca) per così dire la Lingua, e la Poesia volgare Italiana, e il celebre Abate Salvini, nella sua eloquentissima Orazione in lode di S. Zanobi Protettore dell' Accademia della Crusca, nella seguente guisa (111: Pros. Toscan. fogl. 3.): </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ma per avere a dare un Santo Protettore a una Lingua, che quantunque novellamente nata, pure nell' origine sua è antichissima, e nel tempo di San Zanobi, era, per così dire, in corpo alla latina, che appresso ben lungo tempo partorire la doveva; il maggior nostro antico Santo parea, che si convenisse; avendo l' antichità in se, ancor puramente considerata, non so che dell' autorevole, e del reverendo.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXVIII. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Il che si compruova dall' osservare, che fino alla declinazione del mentovato secolo XIII., fu ancora in uso nell' Italia la Lingua Latina, benchè fosse già spirante, e semimorta, come accenna il Buommattei (112: Benedetto Buommat. trat. *7 cap. 3.): </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Questa (cioè la Lingua Toscana, dice egli) sino che durarono le potenze straniere, e grandi, fu sempre in poca stima, nè mai potette salire in alcun grado d' onore. Ma quando l' Italia restò liberata da' barbari, molte Città di essa, scosso il giogo de' particolari potentati, cominciarono a reggersi a popolo: e perciò dovendosi spesse volte parlare a' popoli per le comuni bisogne delle Repubbliche: s' allargò la frequenza de' parlamenti pubblici: i quali dovendosi fare in quella Lingua, e con que' vocaboli, che da' medesimi popoli, a cui si parla, s' intendono; perchè i Popoli d' Italia non intendevan più nè la pura Latina, nè la pura barbara, bisognava ch' e' si facessero in questa nuova Volgare. Ond' ella per questo cominciò a uscir delle tenebre, a pigliar piede, e avanzarsi. Perchè dal vedersi, che que' dicitori, che più regolatamente, e più acconciamente parlavano, eran di tutti gli altri più grati a' popoli, che gli ascoltavano, e sempre eran da quelli più volentieri esauditi; molti cominciaron con grande studio a considerar le sue Leggi, a distinguer le sue vaghezze, a imparar le sue regole. E il Signor Du-Cange (113: Prefaz. Glossar. Lat. Barbar. num. 37.): </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Inter haec tamen non extincta omninò Latina Lingua, licet in senium quodammodo obierit, con quel, che segue.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XXXIX. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E più chiaramente lo spiega l' Autore della Difesa della Lingua Italiana, o vero del Discorso in forma di risposta a una lettera d' un virtuoso amico; che sia lodevole il trattare le leggi, e le altre facoltà nella Lingua Volgare, in occasione dell' Opera del Dottor Volgare: con le seguenti parole (114: Num. 20., e 21. fogl. parimente 20., e 21. ediz. Roma 1675.): “Ma perchè in quei tempi (ne' secoli XII., e XIII.) non era totalmente morta nell' uso comune; e volgare nell' Italia la suddetta Lingua Latina, ancorchè fosse spirante, e semimorta, come in gran parte corrotta, e confusa da tante diverse lingue barbare, e forestiere; Ma non erasi ancora resa comune, ed idiomatica la moderna, e corrente Lingua Italiana, la quale fu raffinata dipoi da quel gran miscuglio di tante varie lingue, che in questa Provincia si scorgea: Quindi seguì, che così i primi Glossatori, ed Interpreti delle suddette leggi, come ancora gli altri letterati, i quali in questo medesimo tempo cominciarono a ridurre la Filosofia, e la Teologia, e le altre scienze a forma di facoltà disputativa, e di proposizioni scuolastiche, si valessero di quell' istessa lingua, nella quale ritrovarono, che fossero le suddette opere antiche, continuandone l' uso, ancorchè in una forma più corrotta, e più barbara, perchè così richiedea la condizione di quei tempi, ne' quali quella era la migliore, e la più culta, ed elegante lingua, che vi fusse, conforme si è accennato ancora nel principio dell' Operetta dello stile. E da ciò apparisce chiaramente, che non fusse un' </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">accurata, ed una misteriosa elezione, il trattare le leggi, e le altre scienze, ed anche gli atti giudiziali, ed i convenzionali, ovvero le ultime volontà nella Lingua Latina, come contradistinta dall' Italiana, ma che ciò seguì, perchè così portasse la condizione di quei tempi, ne' quali non era ancora ben ripolita, e fermata la corrente Lingua Italiana, che però fu creduto di parlare tuttavia con la Lingua Latina, ancorchè in qualche parte corrotta; E per conseguenza cessando oggidì questa ragione, non vi si scorge necessità, o ragione alcuna, la quale precisamente obblighi a continuar questo stile. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XL. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La Provenzale, all' incontro, che assai frequente era in Italia, come dice Monsignor Panigarola (115), e particolarmente in Toscana, dove alcuni si posero a scriver Provenzalmente, come rinverga l' eruditissimo Tommaso Bonavventuri (116); e poco meno che per tutta l' Europa si sparse, e come si sa fu da' Toscani studiosamente ne' primi tempi adoperata, e poi lungamente imitata, secondo attestano Filippo, e Jacopo Giunti (117), e il moderno gran Prosatore Toscano (118), essendo all' ora (ne' tempi de i Re di Sicilia) amata, e pregiata, come oggi sono la Greca, e la Latina da noi, conforme afferma Monsignor Vincenzio Borghini (119), era già stabilita, e idiomatica ne' secoli VIII., e IX., e spezialmente ne' tempi degl' Imperadori, Carlo Magno, e Lodovico Pio, e fioriva già ne' secoli XI., e XII., come si manifesterà appresso, e si vederà appieno dalle sopraccennate Tavole de' libri, e degli Autori citati per entro l' Opera.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLI. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ben conobbe però lo stesso Menagio la forza, e l' autorità incontrastabile del Bembo, e degli altri sopra nominati, poichè dopo il suo discorso, ed argomento nella maniera sopra trascritta, così egli immediatamente, e quasi correggendosi di ciò, che prima avea affermato, seguita, e prende a dire: “Non nego però, che non si trovino delle voci Italiane, originate dal Latino, le quali cavarono gl' Italiani da' Provenzali. Ed in questo proposito parmi molto ragionevole il sentimento de i detti Deputati sopra la correzione del Boccaccio, di cui tali sono le parole. E poichè siamo in questa materia, aggiungiamo, che Monsignor Bembo confiderò questa dimestichezza della Lingua nostra con la Provenzale molto bene, e come volentieri i Nostri presero delle lor voci, e nominonne alcune: E colui, che in questi ultimi tempi ha cerco di abbattere questa sua verissima opinione (intendono del Castelvetro) ha avuto il torto. Nè vale a dire, per dare esempio di una, che il Dottare sia preso dal Dubitare Latino, che, a ristringersi al vero, è una sofisticheria; e non impedisce quel, che dice il Bembo; perchè dal Latino cavarono i nostri Dubitare, e Dubbiare, e non Dottare: e Dubbio, e non Dotto, o Dotta; e così gli altri di questo verbo; Ma quello presero i Provenzali da' Latini accomodandolo all' uso loro, e da loro poi i nostri; e vennero queste voci nella nostra Lingua, come forestiere di Francia (cioè dalla Provenza) e non da Roma, e sebbene ci furono in que' tempi volentier vedute, se ne son pur poi tornate a casa loro (cioè le suddette, dottare, dotto, e dotta, come antiche, e disusate) dove quell' altre, (cioè dubitare, dubbiare, e dubbio) venute da luogo più vicino, ci sono oggi, per la lunghezza del tempo divenute Cittadine.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Onde conchiuderò, che dello stesso modo, che i suddetti Deputati nelle loro eruditissime Annotazioni sopra alcuni luoghi del Decamerone di M. Giovanni Boccacci, confutarono, e ribattettero la Giunta fatta da Lodovico Castelvetro alle dette Prose del Bembo, in ordine a questo affare delle Voci Provenzali; confermando, ed autenticando colla suddetta loro autorità, che si legge a car. 110. di esse Annotazioni stampate in Firenze nel 1574., la verissima oppinione di quel celebre Porporato, con espressa dichiarazione, che colui, che in questi ultimi tempi ha cerco di abbatterla, ha avuto il torto, come dimostrano coll' esempio della suddetta voce Dottare, senza molte altre tali, che, come dicono appresso a car. III., ne potremmo addurre a confermazione del vero; ed in difesa, se bisognasse, del considerato discorso di quel Signore, che è troppo più, che non si credette costui, in tutto quel, che egli scrisse, sentito, ed accorto, e degno per la sua bontà, e per li favori fatti da lui alle lettere, di restar sempre nelle menti degli Studiosi, con santa, ed amorevolissima memoria: Così parimente l' Accademia della Crusca coll' esemplo della voce Gente, addiettivo, rintuzzò il Menagio intorno ad alcune voci, che questo Originario Franzese, contraddicendo alla verissima openione del Cardinal Bembo, e del Varchi, e del Redi, e di tanti altri, non voleva, che fossero state prese dal Provenzale: Imperocchè se bene esso Menagio nelle sue Origini, alla voce Gentile in significato di Nobile, dopo aver riferita una bellissima, ed eruditissima osservazione del mentovato Redi, colla quale si dimostra, che essa Gentil voce, è la suddetta Gente furono tolte da' Provenzali, disse: "Io quant' a me credo di certo, che gl' Italiani, e i Francesi, siccome i Provenzali, abbiano presa direttamente da' Latini, e questa voce Gente, e quella di Gentile. Veggansi le nostre Origini della Lingua Francese, alla voce gentilhomme. Trovasi gens, per nobiltà di sangue, appresso Orazio lib. 2. Satira 5. &c." </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E sebbene, altresì, nella lettera dedicatoria, che da Parigi in data de' 20. Febbraio 1669. scrisse alla predetta Accademia, posta in fronte delle medesime sue Origini ristampate in Genevra nel 1685., disse: “Preso dall' Accademia due anni sono lo stesso disegno (di comporre un Vocabolario Etimologico della Lingua Italiana) scrissero le SS. VV. Illustrissime al Signor Alessandro Segni lor degnissimo Accademico, che allora si trovava in Parigi, mi domandasse da parte di essa le mie Origini Italiane, acciocchè ella ne registrasse nella sua Raccolta quelle, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">che le ne paressero degne. Per ubbidirle, subito le compilai. E per risparmiare alle SS.VV. Illustrissime la fatica di leggere il mio carattere, ne feci stampare a mie spese un centinaio d' esemplari; la maggior parte de' quali mando all' Accademia &c. Mi fo a credere, che le SS. VV. Illustrissime incontreranno in questa mia Opera alcune cose dotte, erudite, e recondite. Anzi son sicuro, che ne troveranno assaissime, imperciocchè oltre all' Etimologie de' più pregiati Scrittori Italiani da me in essa in gran numero riferite, dopo aver l' Accademia vostra, ad altro occupata, lasciato il pensiero dell' Etimologico; i Signori Carlo Dati, Francesco Redi, e Valerio Chimentelli, tre suoi valorosi Accademici, con somma cortesia me ne participarono quante ne avevano &c.” “Le quali origini furono lette, e considerate dall' Accademia, come appare dalla risposta di Carlo Dati fatta all' istesso Menagio, posta parimente al principio di esse: Contuttociò la suddetta Accademia della Crusca, sommo Tribunale della Toscana Favella, nell' ultima compilazione del suo Vocabolario nuovamente corretto, ed accresciuto, stampato nel 1691., fra le molte voci, che non furono registrate nella compilazione del 1612., nè in quella del 1623., vi aggiunse, e vi registrò la sopraddetta di Gente. Add. col Rescritto di esser Voce venuta dal Provenzale.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLIII. Con la medesima autorità de' suddetti Deputati, si può rispondere ad Ottavio Ferrari, la cui obbiezione consiste nel dire, che essendo le Lingue Italiana, e Provenzale nate dalla Latina, ed essendo altresì la Provenza, o vero la Gallia Narbonese la prima Provincia della Francia, che i Romani fecero tributaria, chiamandosi perciò col nome di Provenza, non si debbe credere, che l' Idioma Italiano abbia tolte delle parole dal Provenzale; come si legge nella Prefazione delle sue Origini impresse in Padova nel 1676. Ma gli rispose già Carlo Du-Fresne Signor Du-Cange col seguente Discorso (120: Prefaz. Glossar. Lat. Barbar. num. 16.): "Quot denique Catalonia, ac Aragonensis tractus, ipsaque Italia à Provincialibus nostris voces accepit? Tametsi non desunt, in quibus est Octavius Ferrarius vir plurimùm eruditus, qui Bembum carpant, quod voces, quarum origo, ajunt illi, acumen ejus effugerat, Gallis Provincialibus adscripserit, cùm tamen nemo ignoret eam Galliae partem, idest Narbonensem, ideò Provincialem appellatam, quod prima ex Gallicis Imperio Romano subjecta, & in Provinciam redacta fuerit. Quod sanè, etsi verum sit, non ideò tamen sequitur Provincialia Idiomata non accepisse Catalanos, & Italos, cùm quae hodie servant, non pro Hispanicis, vel Italicis à probatis Scriptoribus habeantur, tametsi Hispanica, & Italica Lingua, perinde ac Provincialis, Latinae origines suas debeat, cum, ut ait S. Hieronymus in Math. Cap. 26. unaquaeque Provincia, & Regio habeat proprietates suas." Con quel, che segue.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLIV. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Avvertendo però, che io non concorro con esso Du-Fresne allorchè dice, che la Catalogna abbia dalla Provenza ricevuto il Linguaggio, perchè più tosto il contrario si debbe credere, ed affermare, come ho dimostrato di sopra nel numero VI. Nè meno concorro nell' affermare, che per essere stato il Nerbonese (Narbonese) il primo Paese, che i Romani conquistarono nella Francia, sia stato perciò appellato col nome generale, ed assoluto di Provincia senza aggiunta d' altra parola, talmentechè, in dicendo Provincia s' intendeva sempre la Provinzia, o il Paese Narbonese; onde è rimasto il nome di Provenza in cambio di Provinzia, si come voce di quel fine, che amato era molto dalla Provenza (121: Bemb. Pros. I.); ma bensì parce qu' il a êté le plus considerable, & le plus chery, pour sa dignité, & pour les raretez qui s' y trouvent, êtant reputé, & estimé par les Romains, une vraye Italie, comme dit Pline au livre 3. chap. 4. - agrorum cultu, virorum, morumque dignatione, amplitudine opum, nulli Provinciarum postferenda, breviterque Italia veriùs, quàm Provincia -- parlant de la Gaule Narbonoise, à la difference de la Gaule citerieure, en la Lombardie, qui joüissoit du droit de Latium, come rinvergò il dottissimo Onorato Bouche (122: Nella Istor. di Provenz. tom. I. lib. I. §.7.).</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del restante, alla trascritta autorità di S. Girolamo di cui si prevale esso Du-Fresne, si può aggiungere la seguente di Francesco di Mezeray Istoriografo del Regno di Francia, la quale è più acconcia, e torna meglio (123) La langue naturelle des François estoit la Tudesque, ou Germanique: les Austrasiens, au moins les plus proches du Rhin, la garderent tousjours, & l' ont encore, mais fort alterée. Les plus êloignez de ce fleuve en deçà, & les Neustriens la quisterent peu à peu pour prendre celle du peuple Gaulois, qui estoit la Romanique, ou Romanciere, autrement appellée la Latine rustique, laquelle s' êtoit engendrée de la rouïlle, & de la corruption de la Langue Romane, ou Latine, diversement torduë, & contournée selon le genie des nations, & selon les idiomes des diverses provinces, tant pour l' inflexion, & pour la signification des mots, que pour l' air, & pour la phrase. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLV. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Il Persio poi nel suo Discorso, intorno alla conformità della Lingua Italiana con le più nobili antiche lingue, e principalmente con la Greca, stampato in Venezia, e in Bologna nel 1592., avvegnachè espressamente non contraddica al sentimento del Bembo, del Varchi, che scrissero prima di lui; ben si riconosce però la sua contraria opinione dal seguente ragionamento (124: A cart. 8., c. 9)</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">“Siccome chiara cosa è, che la nostra Lingua Italiana per la più parte trae l' origine sua dalla Latina, così quanto al rimanente onde ella si derivi, cioè da quante lingue, e quali riconoscer debba tante sue voci, e maniere di parlare con molti accidenti, che dalla Latina grandemente si allontanano, egli non apparisce ancora ben manifesto. Tuttavia si sono </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">molti ingegnati di farci credere, che quanto di lei non ha del Latino, sia quasi tutto o Longobardo, o d' altro barbaro idioma. Alcuni de' quali a me non porgono gran fatto maraviglia, perciocchè non avendo essi d' altre Lingue notizia, che della materna, e della Latina, somigliano alcun tale geografo, il quale nella descrizione ch' ei facesse della terra, parti di essa più remote, e meno da lui conosciute ce le rappresentasse per salvatiche, e solo da fiere abitate, assicurato dalla lontananza di quelle, di non potere essere così agevolmente d' error convinto: </span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Ma ben mi maraviglio io di coloro, li quali facendo professione di bene intendere la Greca favella, anno nondimeno voluto aver per ricevute quasi tutte le parole, ed altre particolarità di questa Lingua, che a loro non parevano Latine, da ogni altra men nobile, e più nuova, che dalla Greca ec. E pure essendo essi Italiani pareva, che dovessero ingegnarsi di trovare, e presso che fingere alla nostra Lingua più nobile origine, che si potesse, per non traviare dal loro proprio, anzi dal comune costume degli Uomini d' innalzare le lor proprie cose, siccome </span><span style="font-family: verdana;">a ciascuno suol dettare l' amor di se stesso.” </span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Contuttociò non annoverando egli nell' accennato discorso, che quaranta parole originate dalla Lingua Greca; ed alcune, dalla Latina; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">e due, o tre dall' Ebrea, senza far menzione in verun conto de' Provenzali; e per conseguenza non essendovi cosa, che meriti risposta, lo lasciamo da parte, senza ricercar altro, essendo questa tutta la sostanza del contenuto sotto quel vago, e spazioso titolo della Conformità della Lingua Italiana con le più nobili antiche lingue.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLVI. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Il Giambullari poi, Accademico Fiorentino, nel libro, che nell' anno 1549. diede in Firenze alla luce, intitolato. Origine della Lingua Fiorentina, altrimenti il Gello, composto in forma di dialogo, vuole primieramente far credere altrui, che la suddetta Lingua abbia più dependenza, o sia più tosto originata, e formata dall' Aramea, o Ebrea, che da qualsivoglia dell' altre; e poi niega, che la medesima Toscana favella, o Fiorentina come allora dicevasi, abbia tolte delle parole alla Provenzale, con questo argomento (125: A cart. 127.): E si come ci addussero questi soldati (intende de i Tedeschi, e Goti) la lingua, o per dir meglio, le voci Todesche (: tedesche), così ci vennero ancora le Franzesi dagli Angioini, per que' tanti Carli, e Roberti di Napoli, che impoverirono questa Città. E se voi forse mi diceste, che la Provenzale non è la Lingua Franzese, vi risponderò io, non solamente che costoro farono Franzesi, e non Provenzali: Ma che, o la Provenza, come vera Provincia Romana, donde ella si acquistò quel nome, parlava Latino, ma corrottamente; ed in questo caso non ci bisogna, come si dice, andare in oringa, per quello che abbiamo in casa: o ella parlava, come il resto della Francia, da alcune poche voci infuora, che per se stesse non fanno lingua; e così la possiamo giustamente chiamar Franzese più tosto, che Provenzale: o ella parlava un mescuglio sì fatto, che vi si riconosceva il Latino, e 'l Franzese: e in qualunque di questi modi, se e' si rende a ciascuno il suo, piglieremo il Latino di Roma, e di Francia tutto il resto.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLVII. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per soddisfare a questo argomento di Messer Giambullari, concederò volentieri, che nella nostra Lingua Provenzale vi si riconosca la Latina, anzi affermerò, che tenint en tot una viva semblanza ab sa Mare Llatina, come osservano i nostri Autori (126: Presso il Signor Du Cange Prefaz. Glossar. Lat. Barbar. num. 35.), sia ella veramente la figlia primogenita di essa Latina: Ma non per ciò ne segue, che la Toscana, che è la figliuola più picciola, sì, ma (sia detto con buona pace e de' Castigliani, e de' Franzesi) la più bella, e leggiadra di tutte l' altre sue sorelle, non abbia infinite parole tolte alla suddetta primogenita sua cara Maestra, e sorella maggiore, benchè dal Latino molte di cotali parole sieno originate, avendole prima i Provenzali prese, ed accommodate all' uso loro, e da essi poi derivate ne i Toscani, come ottimamente rispondono al Castelvetro quei del 73. coll' esempio del verbo Dottare, accennato di sopra ne' numeri XLI., e XLII. in risponendo al Menagio. Che poi nella Lingua Provenzale vi si riconosca la Franzese, è falso, anzi al contrario la Francese è quella, in cui si riconosce la Provenzale, per esser questa più antica di quella; conciossiachè molto prima si parlò per tutt' l Regno di Francia la Provenzale, che la Franzese, come si è dimostrato ne i numeri XXV., e XXVI., e si manifesterà ancora appresso colla autorità del Presidente Claudio Fauchet Franzese</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLVIII. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nega in oltre questo Fiorentino Accademico, che i nostri Provenzali Poeti sieno stati prima degl' Italiani, col seguente discorso (127: A cart. 132.): Come può la Provenza aver trovato i versi, è le rime? che quando ben non si fossero vedute prima ne' Greci, e ne' Latini, (non si tratta delle rime o vero della Poesia Greca, nè Latina, ma della Volgare) dove oggi ancora le veggiamo; elle erano pure in Italia nella Corte de' Re di Napoli, se non prima, nel medesimo tempo almeno, che in Provenza. Conciossia che Arnaldo, e gli altri famosi dicitori Provenzali furono col Conte Ramondo Beringhieri suocero di quel Carlo d' Angiò, che occupando il Regno di Napoli, uccise il buon Re Manfredi figliuolo di Federigo II. Per lo che agevolmente pare da conchiudere, che Federigo predetto, fosse più tosto più antico del Conte Ramondo, che più moderno: E di Federigo ci sono pure stampate alcune Canzoni, non Provenzali già, ma Siciliane, o Italiane; come sono quelle ancora di Jacopo da Lentino, di Guido Giudice Messinese, del Re Enzo, di Pietro delle Vigne, di Bindo Bonichi da Siena, e del nostro Lapo Gianni; le quali tutte, se non sono più antiche, sono almeno della medesima età che le Provenzali.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XLIX. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Intorno a così fatto ragionamento, debbo avvertire, che vi furono cinque Conti di Provenza dello stesso real cognome de i Beringhieri, e del medesimo nome di Ramondo; e questo Raimondo di cui parla il Giambullari, coetaneo dell' Imperatore Federigo II. fu il quinto, ed ultimo, il quale morì nel 1245. come apparisce dalle Vite de' Poeti Provenzali, cioè dalla XXVIII., che è quella appunto di esso Conte Raimondo; e meglio assai dalla Storia della Città di Aix, composta dal Dottor Giovanni Scolastico Pittoni, sotto' l Capitolo intitolato (128): Raimond Berenguier V. du nom, dernier de la Maison de Barcellone, & ses quatre filles; onde l' impareggiabile Dante (129): </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quattro figlie ebbe, e ciascuna Reina</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ramondo Berlinghieri, e ciò gli fece </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Romeo persona umile, e peregrina: </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ma però Arnaldo Daniello, e gli altri famosi dicitori Provenzali, come Giuffredo Rudello, appellato dal Petrarca Provenzalmente Giaufre Rudel, Piero di Vernigo, Elia di Bargiolo, Guglielmo di San Desiderio, Guglielmo Adimaro, ed altri, fiorirono più di cent' anni prima del suddetto Ramondo suocero di Carlo d' Angiò Re di Napoli, e Conte di Provenza; cioè, nel tempo, e prima ancora, dell' Imperatore Federigo I., Poeta Provenzale anche esso, e di Ramondo Beringhieri il III. rispetto alla Contea di Provenza, e il IV. rispetto a quella di Barzellona, che fu padre d' Alfonso I. Re d' Aragona (N. E. el II como rey de Aragón, el I como conde de Barcelona), e morì nel 1162., come si è veduto di sopra nel num. xxxj., ed apparisce dalla predetta Istoria della Città d' Aix (130), e dall' epitome della genealogia de i Conti di Barzellona posto in fronte de i Volumi delle Costituzioni, e Leggi di Catalogna.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">L. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nel rimanente, il voler provare, che la Lingua Toscana, o qualunque altra delle volgari, sia composta ed originata dall' Aramea, ovvero Ebrea, è una temerità, per non dir pazzia, ed è lo stesso che 'l voler fabbricar castella nell' aria, come dice appunto l' eruditissimo Atanasio</span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Chirchieri della celebre Compagnia di Gesù nella sua famosissima Torre di Babelle, il quale essendo stato interrogato dall' Imperatore Ferdinando III. Utrum radices linguarum reperiri queant ad universalem quamdam linguam constituendam, siccome alcuni begli spiriti del suo tempo, si persuadettero, così rispose, e lasciò scritto (131: Lib. 3. part. 3. cap. 7. fogl. 218.) “Utique Caesareo perculsus imperio, ut laudabilis Caesaris curiositati quovis modo satisfacerem, à primis principiis propositum mihi dubium, singulari studio, & diligentia adhibita enodandum censui. Sed vix dum coeperam, cum ecce, ut verum fatear, idem mihi accidisse videtur, quod typothetae, qui plura librorum folia, compositione peracta, jam typis praelo destinata in promptu habet. Verùm nescio quo casu dissolutis ligaminibus typi sparsim per terram dissipati, nullum prorsus veri sensus vestigium relinquunt, neque ad pristinam formam prototypi jam perditi reduci queunt. Pari prorsus modo accidit in infinita illa propè linguarum, & idiomatum multitudine, & varietate, quae ab origine mundi hucusque ob inaccessam antiquitatis vetustatem, ob tot imperiorum mutationes, tot populorum diversorum commixtionem, inter tot denique rerum humanarum vicissitudines, & corruptelas expositae fuerunt, ut proindè minimè fieri posse existimem, aut fundamentum omnibus linguis commune reperiri posse, credam. Quot enim in lingua Chaldaïca, Syriaca, Arabica, & AEthiopica verba occurrunt, quae nullam prorsus ad primariam linguam, quam nos Hebraeam esse determinamus, (exceptis iis, quae ab ea demanarunt) similitudinem obtinentem totoque, ut ajunt coelo differunt? Quis rogo vel unicum verbum in lingua Hebraea ceterisque reperiet, quod ad linguam Graecam, ne dicam Latinam aliquam affinitatem habeat? Si verò nonnullae voces occurrerint, quae tametsi quoad sonum quamdam similitudinem polliceantur, illae significatione tamen prorsus contrarium exhibeant. Hacitaque diligentia praemissa, & combinatoriae artis amussi applicata, dico temerarium, ne dicam stolidum corum esse tentamentum, qui in hoc negotio adeò arduo, & viribus humanis superiori aliquid se praestare posse praesumptuosius credunt. Desinant itaque hujusmodi imperiti rerum indagatores piscari in aëre ranas, quae sine alis volare censent. Sisyphi saxum volvant, atque inutili labore revolvant, omnemque humanam in hisce explorandis industriam, vanam, irritamque se comperturos certò sibi persuadeant. Horum numero jungi possunt omnes ii, qui linguam Germanicam, aut quamvis aliam ex Hebraicis verbis, vocibusque constitutam demonstrare se posse existimant. Quos inter meritò primum locum obtinet Goropius Becanus, qui Belgicam linguam libro integro primaevam illam, veramque Hebraeorum linguam, aut saltem mediatè ab ea derivatam conatur demonstrare; miratus sum equidem </span><span style="font-family: verdana;">virum caeteroquin eruditissimum, in re adeò ludicra, tot bonos dies, horasque consumpsisse. Quis enim nescit, in omnibus penè linguis nonnullas voces, Hebraeis quoad sonum similes reperiri, quarum tamen genuinam significationem ut exprimat, dici vix potest, quàm violenter, quàm coactè, ut quoad sensum Hebraeae respondeant, detorquere conetur. Et certè mihi persuadeo virum judicio pollentem </span><span style="font-family: verdana;">difficultates occurrentes non potuisse non praevidisse. Ut proinde ne ejus existimationi nonnullo praejudicio esse videar, eum non tam veritate convictum, id sensisse, quàm ingenii luxuriantis aestu abreptum ad sagacitatem, subtilitatemque ingenii ostentandum, similia </span><span style="font-family: verdana;">effutiisse arbitrer.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LI. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Resta per ultimo Celso Cittadini, il quale scrisse tra gli altri, e diede alla luce due Trattati; l' uno intitolato: Della vera Origine, e del Processo, e Nome della Volgar Lingua; e l' altro: Dell' Origine della Toscana Favella; a' quali aggiunse le Note sopra le Prose di Pietro Bembo. Nel primo vuol dar ad intendere, che essa volgar Lingua Toscana, colla quale si parlò nel suo tempo, e si parla oggi, sia stata sempre da antico tempo adoperata in Italia, e spezialmente nel Lazio, sino da' suoi primi abitatori sotto Jano, e Saturno; con quelle parole (132: Cap. 2.): che per ogni tempo, e prima, e poi, furono in Roma due sorte di lingue. L' una rozza, e mezzo barbara, la quale era propria del volgo, cioè de' Romani, e de' Forestieri idioti, o vogliamo dir, della gente bassa, e de' contadini senza lettere; i cui modi di dire, e le cui voci erano rifiutate dagli Scrittori, e da' dicitori nobili; e fuor che le passioni di esse principalmente, e per la maggior parte sono rimaste nelle bocche degl' Italiani Uomini senza distinzione di viltà, o di nobiltà: laonde ancor' al presente linguaggio è rimasto il nome antico, cioè volgare, siccome convenevolissimo; poichè principalmente la Lingua Latina antica del volgo s' è conservata fra noi; e di questa sorte di Lingua non avemo esempio alcuno di rilievo in iscritto, ma solamente se ne trovano così fatte reliquie in alcune iscrizioni, o titoli di statue, o di edifizi, e in alcuni epitaffi di sepolcri di que' tempi; ed oltre a ciò v' è la testimonianza di più Autori, che ella ci fosse, come a' suoi luoghi verrem mostrando. E l' altra coltivata dall' arte, e pura Latina, la quale era propria degli scrittori, e de' dicitori nobili, e letterati.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LII. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fra le inscrizioni da lui accennate, e in esso suo Processo della vera origine della Volgar Lingua prodotte, per provare, che con la Lingua, che si parla oggi in Roma, si parlava già in tempo degli antichi Romani, la principale, e di più rilievo si è la seguente della Colonna, che fu nel Romano Foro innalzata a Cajo Duillio Console nell' anno 496. dopo l' edificazione di detta Città, per la vittoria, che riportò dell' Armata navale de' Cartaginesi, come si legge nel Campidoglio.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">EXEMET. LECIONES. MACISTRATOS.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">EXFOCIONT.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">PUCNANDOD. CEPET. NAVEBOS.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">CONSOL. PRIMOS.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">ORNAVET. DICTADORED. OLOROM.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">ALTOD. MARID.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">TRIRESMOS. CAPTOM. NAVALED.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">PRAEDAD. POPLOM.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">CARTACINIENSIS. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La testimonianza de più Autori, che pel medesimo fine egli allega, è questa (133: Cap. 19.): “Nel Concilio Turonense celebrato sotto Carlo Magno si trova scritto, fra l' altre cose: Visum est unanimitati nostrae, ut quilibet Episcopus habeat homilias continentes necessarias admonitiones, quibus subjecti erudiantur, id est, fide catholica, prout capere possint de perpetua retributione bonorum, & de aeterna damnatione malorum, de resurrectione quoque futura, & ultimo judicio, & quibus operibus possit promereri beata vita, quibusve excludi: & ut easdem homilias quisque apertè transferre studeat in rusticam, & idioticam Romanam Linguam, qua faciliùs cuncti possint intelligere, quae dicuntur.” Ove si vede, che quel Concilio intende espressamente della Lingua Volgare, la qual chiama, non barbara, per esser tutti Cittadini Romani, e Cristiani; ma chiamala, rustica, come la chiamavano anco i Romani fino al tempo d' Augusto: onde appo Varrone, lib. I. de Lin. Lat. si legge: In pluribus verbeis A ante E alii ponunt, alii non, ut quod partim dicunt, Scaeptrum, partim dicunt Sceptrum, alii faenus, alii fenus: sic faenisicia, & fenisicia, à quo rustici, Pappum Mesum, non Maesum, à quo Lucilius scribit: Caecilius praetor ne rusticu sias. Onde Festo dice: Orata genus piscis à colore auri dicta, quod rustici aurum, orum: ut auriculas, oriculas:” come diciam noi ora volgarmente, oro, ed orecchie ec.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LIII. </span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Il motivo fondato nelle iscrizioni antiche de' Romani, non merita risposta, lasciando al giudizio del Lettore, il risolvere, se il Linguaggio, che si parla oggi, sia il medesimo che quello della suddetta inscrizione della Colonna, che fu dirizzata a Cajo. Quello però, ch' io ho letto, ed osservato in Roma intorno a questo proposito si è, che la iscrizione, che si suol mettere alle porte delle case, che sono da affittare, è in Lingua Latina pura, che, in vece di dire Appigionasi, come si vede, e s' usa in Firenze, dice a lettere di scatola, e di carattere gotico, Est locanda: onde da simile memoria, o anticaglia, che per succession di tempo, e di mano in mano ivi è rimasta, chiaramente apparisce, che essa Latina Lingua, avvegnachè non tutti i Romani la usassero colla medesima purità, ed energia di Cicerone, e di altri nobili dicitori, e letterati, era la unica, e la volgare, che gli stessi Romani, nel</span><span style="font-family: verdana;">comun parlare, ed in tutte le loro bisogne adoperavano; siccome ancora oggigiorno l' inclito Senato, e Popolo Romano, o vero l' Eccellentissimo suo Magistrato, ne' suoi pubblici ragionamenti l' adopera, e a tutto suo podere, e per amore, e per diritto di patria la mantiene, e conserva.</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LIV. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Circa poi alla prodotta testimonianza di più Autori, debbo giustamente avvertire, che la lingua di cui intende parlare quel Concilio celebrato in Francia in tempo di Carlo Magno, è appunto la nostra Provenzale, la quale fu in quei tempi appellata Romana rustica; onde il nostro Giaufre Rudel, ch' usò la vela, e il remo </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A cercar la sua morte (134: Petrarc. Trionf. Amor cap. 4.),</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">antichissimo Poeta Provenzale, che fioriva circa l' anno 1100., disse in uno de i suoi leggiadrissimi Componimenti (135: Cod. Vatic. 3205. a c. 102. terg.):</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En es breu de pergamina. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tramet lovers qe cantam.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En plana lengua Romana. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Anugo l brun ec. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">In questo Breve di pergamena</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Trametto il Verso, che cantiamo</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">In piana Lingua Romana </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A Don Ugo il Bruno.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E ciò si comprova colla testimonianza di parecchi Autori, ed in particolare del Bouche (136), che dice così: Les originaires du Païs (intende della Provenza) ont puis apres introduit un nouveau langage different du Celtique ancien; lequel nouveau langage n' êtoit point vraysemblablement d' autre sorte, que Nithard au livre 3. parlant du mutuel serment que les Enfans de l' Empereur Louis le Debonnaire firent au siecle IX. environ l' an 842. nomme Romain, que quelques uns disent, qu' il êtoit le vray langage Provenzal de ce siecle là, pour la grande conformité de paroles, qui se trouve en l' un, & en l' autre; c' est ainsi que parle Nithard, qui vivoit en ce temps, qui êtoit parent de ces Rois, con quel che segue. E del Paschieri nelle sue Ricerche della Francia (benchè egli sbagli, prendendo la Lingua Franzese, per la Romana Rustica, poichè in tempo di Carlo Magno non era ancora nata essa Franzese, come si raccoglie da quel che è stato didotto di sopra nel numero XXVI., e si vederà appieno coll' autorità del Fouchet, che s' addurrà in appresso; essendo allora la sola Provenzale, ovvero la suddetta Romana Rustica, quella, che si usava per tutto 'l Regno di Francia) il quale così lasciò scritto (137): "Sous ce mot de Romanus, on entend parler du Gaulois. De là vint aussi qu' on apella Roman nôtre nouveau langage. Vray que pource qu' il êtoit corrompu du vray Romain, je trouve un passage où on l' appelle Rustique Roman. Au Concile tenu en la Ville d' Arles (Arlés) l' an 851. article dixseptiéme l' on comand aux Ecclesiastiques de faire Homilies contenans toutes instructions qui appartienent à l' edification de nôtre Foy. Et easdem Homilias quisque transferre studeat in Rusticam Romanam, aut Theodoscam, quò faciliùs cuncti possint intelligere quae dicuntur.” C' estoit qu' il vouloit qu' on translatast ces Homilies en la Langue Franzoise, ou Germanique, que les Italiens apellent encores aujourd'huy Tudesque; par ce que nous commandions lors à l' Allemagne, ainsi qu' à la France. Depuis par un long succez de tems parler Roman n' estoit autre chose que ce que nous disons parler François.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LV. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E meglio assai, e più concludentemente si convince con l' autorità di Claudio Fauchet, che fiorì, e scrisse nel secolo decimosesto (138): </span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">“Vray è, que nos Roys ayans leur Royaume estendu jusque dans la Germanie, & Pepin êtant venu des Ducs d' Austrasie; la Cour de France êtoit durant les deux premieres familles hantée de deux sortes de gens parlans divers langages; à sçavoir ceux de deçà la riviere de Meuse, Gaulois-Romain, ceux de delà (vers, & outre le Rhin) Theusch, ou si voulez parler plus modernement, Thiois. &c. Qui peut être la cause pourquoy ceux qui du temps de cest Empereur vivoyent de là la Meuse estoyent estimez parler Theutonic, ou François Thiois; & ceux de deçà Romain, pource qu' on appelloit ce quartier où nous demeurons, France-Romaine. Et suivant celà au Concile tenu à Tours l' an 812. il est porté par le xvij. article, Quilibet Episcopus habeat Homilias &c. Et easdem quisque apertè traducere studeat in <b>Rusticam </b></span><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b>Romanam Linguam</b>, & Theotiscam” c' est à dire, en Langue Romande, & Thioise. Ceste Langue Romande n' estoit pas la pure Latine, ains Gauloise corrompue par la longue possession, & seigneurie des Romains; que la plus part des hommes abitans de puis la dicte riviere de Meuse jusques aux monts des Alpes, & des Pyrenées parloient. ec. Et qu' ainsi ne soit, qu' on entendoit il y a DCCC. ans, que parler Rustic Romain fut le langage commun des abitans de deçà Meuse; il ne faut que lire ce qu' a escrit Nitard en son Histoire de la discorde des Enfans de l' Empereur Louis le Debonnaire, advenue en l' an Dcccxlj. Car faisant mention de Louis Roi de Germanie; & de Charles le Chauve son frere Roi de France Westrienne ou Occidentale (c' est à dire de ce qui est entre Meuse, & Loire) il dit, que les deux Rois voulans asseurer ceux qui les avoient suivis, que cête alliance seroit perpetuelle, ils parlent chacun aux gens de son pair (c' est le mot don le dit Nitard use) à sçavoir Louis Roi de Germanie aux François Westriens, qui suivoient le dit Charles, en Langue Romaine, c' est à dire, la Rustique; & Charles à ceux de Louis, qui estoient Austrasiens, Alemans, Saxons, & autres abitans delà le Rhin, en Langue Theutonique, qui est la Theotisque du dit Concile de Tours; ou comme j' ay dit, Thioise. Les paroles du Serment que Louis fit en Langue Romaine furent telles, ainsi que je les ay prises d' un livre êcrit il y a plus de cinq cens ans. Pro don amor & pro xpian poblo & nostro commun salvament dist di en anant inquant Deus savir & podir me dunat si salvareio cist meon fradre Karlo & in adiudha in cadhuna cosa si com hom per dreit son fradre salvar distino quid il un altre si faret. Et abludher (ab Ludher : Luther : Lotario) nul plaid nunquam prindrai que meon vol cist meon fradre Karle in danno fit.”</span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et le peuple de Westrie respond en mesme langage. Si Loduvigs sagrament que son frade (fradre) Karle jurat conservat & Karlus meo sendr' de sua part ñ lo stanit: Si io returnar non lint pois ne io ne nuls cui co returnar int pois in nulla adiudha contra Lodhuvig non li iuer.” </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Or ne peut-on dire que la langue de ces sermens, laquelle Nitard appelle Romaine, soit vrayement Romaine, (j' entens Latine) MAIS PLUTOT PAREILLE A' CELLE DONT USENT A' PRESENT LES PROVENZAUX, CATALANS, ET CEUX DE LANGUEDOC. Et il appert par les livres composés en Langue Latine du temps de Charles le Chauve, qu' il y a grande difference entre ce serment, & ce qu' ils tenoient lors pour Latin. Il faut donc necessairement conclurre, que cête Langue Romaine entendue par les soldats du Roi Charles le Chauve, estoit cête rustique Romaine en laquelle Charles le Grand vouloit que les Omelies prêchées aux Eglises fussent translatées, à fin d' être entendues par les simples gens, comme leur langue maternelle, aux sermons; ainsi qu' il est aisé à deviner, ou juger. Il reste maintenant sçavoir, pourquoy cête Langue Romaine Rustique a êté chassée outre Loire, delà le Rône, & la Garonne? Ce que je librement ne pouvoir asseurer par têmoignages certains: Car qui seroit cêlui-la tant hardi, de seulement promettre pouvoir tiré la verité d' un si profond abisme que celui où l' ignorance, & nonchalance de sept ou huit cens ans l' a precipitée? </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LVI. Nell' altro Trattato poi, che fa il sopraddetto Celso Cittadini dell' Origini della Toscana favella, oltre che egli già confessa sul bel principio, cioè nel capitolo primo, che la nostra Lingua concorsse alla formazione di quella; altro in quest' opera non ha egli preteso di fare, che l' ordinare alcuni precetti pel regolamento della pronunzia larga, e stretta, così nella E, come nell' O; cioè per conoscere dove queste vocali vanno pronunziate aperte, e dove chiuse: Ma cotali precetti sono si sregolati, e confusi, che ha piuttosto illaqueate le coscienze de' buoni Gramatici, osservatori scrupolosi del ben parlare, come disse, e criticò mirabilmente il suo concittadino Gigli (139); dell' istesso modo per l' appunto, che pretesero di fare, quei, che sul principio del secolo XVI., i caratteri Greci co i nostri pel medesimo fine mescolarono; ed in questi giorni volle fare altresì, il mentovato Gigli (140), senza badare agli avvertimenti, che il letteratissimo Abate Anton Maria Salvini, Maestro del ben parlare diede alcuni anni prima, su questo affare medesimo, agli amatori della Toscana pronunzia nella seguente guisa (141) “Il Signor Ottaviano Parissi Volterrano affezionatissimo tra gli altri agli studi di Lingua Toscana, mi diceva, che facilmente si potean distinguere nella scrittura i diversi suoni delle vocali; facendo per esempio, che l' E significasse l' e aperta: l' e significasse l' e stretta: l' o con un punto in mezzo fusse l' o aperto: senza, l' o stretto. Già l' v consonante si è posta in uso distinta dall' u vocale. E così con poco, e senza far novità di caratteri si arricchiva la lingua di queste distinzioni. I caratteri Greci, mescolati co' nostri, come voleva introdurre il Trissino, scordano nell' architettura, e non fanno buona mischianza; oltre che l' e (e más pequeña) per l' e aperta non fu bene appropriata, essendo per altro, più nel valore all' e stretta somigliante. Ci è lo Spatafora Siciliano, che ha fatto un Vocabolario come di Prosodia, co' suoi accenti, e distinzioni di suoni; ma nè egli, nè il Trissino Vicentino per tutto sono sicuri, e non rappresentano sempre la legittima Toscana pronunzia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LVII. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Le Note poi, che ' l medesimo Cittadini scrisse sopra le Prose del Bembo, le quali il suddetto Gigli fece stampar in Roma presso Antonio de' Rossi nel 1721., sono insussistenti, e derisorie come può vedere ognuno in leggendole; e quì ne darò un saggio. Parlando il Bembo nel primo libro, della stima, che per tutto il Ponente ebbe la Lingua Provenzale ne' tempi ne' quali ella fiorì; là dove dice: Anzi ella tant' oltre passò in riputazione, e fama, che non solamente Catalani ec. o pure Spagnuoli più addentro (tra' quali fu uno il Re Alfonso di Aragona figliuolo di Ramondo Beringhieri) ma oltre a ciò eziandio alquanti Italiani si truova, che scrissero Provenzalmente: vi fa la seguente annotazione. Nota: Catalani senza articolo è reputato essere barbarismo. E appresso: Nota: Alfonso Re di Aragona figliuolo di Ramondo Beringhieri: Erra credo in Istoria, che Genero suo fu, non figliuolo. Ora, se questo Cittadino Sanese avesse fatta riflessione, che il gran Bembo allora che colle sue regole in fiorito stile dettate, incominciò in quel luogo, ad alzar l' insegna al bel Toscano parlare, parlò indeterminatamente, cioè senza annoverare chenti, nè quanti fossero i Poeti Provenzali di Nazione Catalana, che in quei tempi mirabilmente fiorirono; e che l' articolo, sì in Toscano, che in Provenzale ha forza di determinare, e distinguere la cosa accennata, come insegnano i Gramatici, e doveva egli sapere, per essere Lettor pubblico di Lingua Toscana nello Studio di Siena; credo certamente che non avrebbe rinvergato, che Catalani senza articolo nel citato luogo fosse reputato per barbarismo. Oltrechè non è cosa nuova appresso gli scrittori nobili l' adoperare più nomi nella Toscana favella, ora con articolo, or senza, secondo che vien loro più in acconcio, come dice magistralmente il Buommattei (142) pubblico Lettore di essa nello Studio Pisano, e Fiorentino.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LVIII. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per quello che riguarda all' accennata Storia, doveva egli prima, per non errare, consultar le Croniche, e le Genealogie de i Conti di Barcellona, e de i Re d' Aragona; o almeno nello stesso tempo, che s' intrattenne in Roma ricercando nel Campidoglio, e altrove le iscrizioni antiche delle colonne, e degli epitaffi per tessere, e formare il processo della Lingua Toscana, potea vedere anche i Codici delle Rime Provenzali esistenti nel Vaticano, ove avrebbe trovato, che <b>Lo Rei d' Aragò</b> aquel que <b>trobet</b> si ac nom <b>Amfos</b>, e fo lo premiers Rei que fo en <b>Aragon </b>fils den <b>Ramon Berenguer</b> que fo <b><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/06/ramon-berenguer-iv-conde-barcelona-vasallo-hispaniarum-rex.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Coms de Barsalona</a></b>: </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">cioè, il <b>Re d' Aragona</b>, quegli, che trovò (poetò) fi ebbe nome <b>Alfonso</b>, e fu il primiero Re, che fu in <b>Aragona </b>(cioè il primo della stirpe de' Beringhieri) figliuolo di Don Ramondo Beringhieri che fu <b>Conte di Barzellona</b>: come si legge a lettere rosse, e belle in uno di essi Codici Vaticani (143), col seguente ritratto del medesimo Re a cavallo, che ivi è dipinto, e vagamente miniato (siccome vi sono altresì, e nella istessa guisa dipinti quasi tutti i ritratti degli altri Trovatori, o Poeti in esso Codice contenuti, e ognuno colla sua divisa, come fra gli altri quello del Vescovo Folchetto di Marsiglia, che è abbellito co i Pontificali vestimenti) ove si vede armato con lancia, ed elmo, e collo scudo della insegna del suo antichissimo, e <b>Real Casato</b>, consistente in quattro liste rosse in campo d' oro, la quale <b>insegna</b> usa non solo il nostro supremo, e Real <b>Senato</b> di <b>Catalogna</b>, ma l' <b>Aragonese</b> ancora sin da che il mentovato Raimondo Padre di esso <b>Alfonso </b>sposò la <b>Regina d' Aragona</b> chiamata <b><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/07/eleccion-ramiro-ii-rey-aragon.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Petronilla</a></b>, e prese il titolo di <b>Principe</b>, il che addivenne nel 1137.; e l' adopera altresì la Città d' Aix Capitale della Provenza, per privilegio concedutole da' medesimi <b>Conti Barzellonesi</b> <u>Sovrani</u> di quella <b>Provincia</b>, particolarmente dal suddetto <u>Alfonso I</u> (<b>Alfonso II de Aragón</b>, I como conde de Barcelona). (144).</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdm4pOCFddDUrrjLOMMH2bi_UnQyyHpk9XQh64K4gv7lB_6FtEhfj8amMlJ0DIPkKD1pF4HNP1-vDsxVB8T84aASX95nFVXrdFX4UFy-lh5YGU47xn_X194Z_EObETtLGOLL3UqSKnw0AkZMhr82WFzHyYj0TiwGw7L7bbKsF8oAjiSq7ceUl6iBYh/s953/rey-alfonso-ii-aragon-caballo-lanza-escudo.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img alt="Lo Rei d' Aragò aquel que trobet si ac nom Amfos, e fo lo premiers Rei que fo en Aragon fils den Ramon Berenguer que fo Coms de Barsalona" border="0" data-original-height="662" data-original-width="953" height="444" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdm4pOCFddDUrrjLOMMH2bi_UnQyyHpk9XQh64K4gv7lB_6FtEhfj8amMlJ0DIPkKD1pF4HNP1-vDsxVB8T84aASX95nFVXrdFX4UFy-lh5YGU47xn_X194Z_EObETtLGOLL3UqSKnw0AkZMhr82WFzHyYj0TiwGw7L7bbKsF8oAjiSq7ceUl6iBYh/w640-h444/rey-alfonso-ii-aragon-caballo-lanza-escudo.jpg" title="Lo Rei d' Aragò aquel que trobet si ac nom Amfos, e fo lo premiers Rei que fo en Aragon fils den Ramon Berenguer que fo Coms de Barsalona" width="640" /></a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LIX. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Di tanto finalmente (per terminare colle stesse parole con le quali gli Accademici della Crusca finiscono la Prefazione del loro Vocabolario) ho stimato dover far avvertito il benigno Lettore, rimettendo il rimanente al discreto giudizio suo, e pregandolo a riconoscere in ogni parte di questa Opera, non meno la sincerità dell' animo mio, che la mia faticosa applicazione nel cooperare a tutto potere al vantaggio non meno della Provenzale, che della Toscana Favella; Solo soggiugnerò per fine, che se talora vi faranno per entro 'l Libro trascorsi alcuni barbarismi, o altri somiglianti errori di lingua; non lo faranno già tutti quei vocaboli, e modi di dire, che forse qualcheduno de' Lettori poco pratico de' MSS., e degli antichi testi di lingua, crederà, che sieno tali, o che gli parrà esser corrozioni; mentre si possono salvare con qualche esempio degli autorevoli Prosatori, e Poeti del buon secolo, conforme in simil proposito nota il sopraccitato Gigli nelle sue Regole sopra la Lingua Toscana (145: Il sopraddetto Gigli Reg. Tosc. Favell. a c. 56.); avvegnachè non sieno registrati nel Vocabolario della Crusca, la quale ne tralasciò molti contuttochè sembrino o corrozioni, o barbarismi; avendone io rinvergati alcuni, che per entro 'l Libro ne' loro posti dell' alfabeto ho tratti fuora, come affaitare, cioè raffazzonare, agenzare, che vale abbellire, aigua per acqua, aire in cambio d' aria, arma in vece d' anima, cara per volto, oglio, cioè occhio, ed altri; non dubitando, che nella nuova edizione del Vocabolario, che si prepara, farà dato anche a questi il loro luogo, siccome pare, che ce ne dieno speranza gli Accademici (146); acciocchè a dispetto e dell' obblivione, e dell' ingiuria de' tempi, onorata memoria se ne conservi, preservandogli da que' pregiudici, e da que' pericoli a' quali i molti accidenti, portati necessariamente dal tempo fanno soggetti tutti i linguaggi (come osservano gl' istessi Accademici (147), avendo mostrato la sperienza, che eglino o in tutto, od in parte si perdono, o s' infettono, e si corrompono; de' quali pregiudici già cominciava la nostra Lingua a sentirne parte, ed era in procinto di maggiormente sentirgli, essendo venuti, e venendo tutta via meno i libri manuscritti di buoni Autori, ne' quali una grande, e forse la miglior parte di voci, e di locuzioni si conservava: ed acciocchè non possa mai loro accadere la disgrazia, che anno avuta le voci: andare zacconato, gattuccia, ed altre trasandate, delle quali non che l' uso la significanza stessa si è perduta (148). Oltrechè per essere comunemente simili vocaboli, e modi di dire antichi Provenzali, radici, ed origini del purgato dialetto, che ora corre, come attesta il dottissimo Crescimbeni (149), sembra che per giustizia, non che per elezione sia loro dovuto decoroso stallo fra gli altri, che per entro il Vocabolario leggiadramente schierati si vedono, che non sono sì riguardevoli, e che nulla rappresentano, come chicchi bichiacchi, artagoticamente, ed altri così fatti. Anzi per l' accennata ragione di essere eglino della Lingua Provenzale, e per conseguenza radici, ed origini dell' Italiana, avvegnachè antichi, o corrotti sembrino, a bello studio si dovrebbono adoperare, non che registrare, come ci ammonisce magistralmente il Varchi (150).</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">LX. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Laonde, per difendere, e salvare i miei errori, che per entro 'l Libro possono essere trascorsi, conchiudo, che più tosto che errori dovrebbero con più proprietà chiamarsi Provenzalismi, de' quali abbondano le scritture Toscane del buon secolo, e maggiormente quelle tratte da i testi Provenzali (151), che sono molte (152). E molto più si rende ciò manifesto, se si considera, come ho toccato di sopra, che la medesima nostra Lingua Provenzale pura, e schietta, che per tutta l' Europa si sparse, fu ella da' Toscani studiosamente ne' primi tempi adoperata, e poi, lungamente imitata (153), siccome da tutta la Francia, dall' Inghilterra, e dalla Germania (154), essendo allora amata, e pregiata come la Greca, e la Latina (155), e fu ai più delicati ingegni comune, ed universale; anzi tant' oltre passò in riputazione, e fama, che ella sola fu in istima tra le lingue (156). Egli è ben vero però, che non per questo ho usato a bella posta modi, e parlari <b>Provenzaleschi</b>, ed altri, che da' più esatti scrittori, e dal Comune delle Accademie oggi giorno si rifiutano; anzi mi protesto, che se talora n' averò adoperati alcuni, ne farà stata la cagione la forza del natio parlare, che è assai efficace; e non mica già, perchè non abbia proccurato col mio studio, per quanto ho potuto, conformarmi all' uso corrente, ed approvato dalla nostra Arcadia di Roma. Prego pertanto in ogni modo, il benigno, e cortese Lettore a voler compatirmi, se nel ragionare con questa moderna Favella, anzi per me nuova affatto, e straniera, in un' Opera, per altro, di così vasto, e lungo lavoro, e d' una smisurata ampiezza d' Autori, e di Libri, averò talora sbagliato nella più stretta osservanza dell' arte del ben parlare Toscano; posciachè, se io ho scritto in questa moderna Lingua del bel paese, che l' Apennin parte, e 'l Mar circonda, e l' Alpe, ciò solo è stato per far risorgere, ed innalzare colla medesima quel puro, semplice, netto, e dolce Provenzale Idioma, in cui sono stato allevato, a quell' antico grado di onore a cui era egli salito prima che ne cadesse, siccome per legge di natura sono obbligato, e giusta mia possa ho fatto per mezzo di essa sua cara Fiorentina sorella, e quasi figliuola, ove alzato per se non fora mai: Idioma Maestro, per altro, e Padre d' una gran turba di Poeti, come Amerigo, Bernardo, Ugo, ed Anselmo, ed altri infiniti tutti dolcissimi, e Musici insieme, come erano gli antichi Lirici Greci; e Melici ancora, cioè compositori del Melos, o dell' aria musicale, a i quali egli solo, lancia, e spada fu sempre, e scudo, ed elmo.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/05/tavola-poeti-provenzali-eta-oro-secolo-xi-secolo-xv.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Continúa aquí (Tavola, taula)</a></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br />NOTAS AL PIE:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(2) Federigo Ubaldini Tavol. Docum. Amor. Barberin. alle voci Bigordare, e Ostare, e nel Catalogo degli Autori Provenzali prefisso a detta Tavola.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Francesco Redi Annot. Ditir. terza ediz. accresciut. in Firenze 1691, fogl. 63. 140. 194. 195. 196. 198., e 203.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Gio. Mario, Arciprete Crescimbeni Custode d' Arcadia Comentar. Istor. Volgar. Poes. volum. 2. part. I. fogl. 28., e 75.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(3) Benedetto Varchi nel suo Dialogo titolato l' Ercolano a car. 155. ediz. Firenze 1570. Conte. E venendo al primo intendimento nostro, ditemi, di quante, e quali lingue voi pensate, che sia composta la Volgare? Varchi. Di due, della Latina, e della Provenzale. E car. 172.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Onde conchiudendo dico, che la Lingua Volgare, se bene ha di molti vocaboli, e di molte locuzioni d' altri idiomi, è però composta principalmente della Latina, e secondariamente della Provenzale.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(4) Lo stesso Varchi nel citat. Ercol. a c. 115. Conciossiacosa che come la Latina si può dire d' essere discesa dalla Greca, essendosi arricchita di molte parole, e di molti ornamenti di lei, così, anzi molto più la Toscana dalla Latina, benchè la Toscana quasi di due Madri figliuola è molto obbligata ancora alla Provenzale.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(5) Il Bembo Prof. 1. Perchè errare non si può a credere, che il rimare primieramente per noi da quella nazione (Provenzale) più che da altra si sia preso. ec. Il che se mi si concede, non sarà da dubitare, che la <b>Fiorentina Lingua</b> da' Provenzali Poeti, più che da altri, le rime pigliate si abbia, ed essi avuti per Maestri; quando medesimamente si vede, che al presente più antiche rime delle Toscane altra lingua gran fatto non ha, levatone la Provenzale. Senzachè molte cose, come io dissi, anno i suoi Poeti prese da quelli, siccome sogliono far sempre i discepoli da' loro Maestri ec. Per le quali cose, quello estimare si può, che il verseggiare, e rimare da quella nazione, più che da altra si è preso.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(6) La Proclamazione Cattolica, al §. XV. Y quando faltára otra prueva en recomendacion de las buenas letras de los <b>Catalanes</b>, basta por todos aver sido un <b>Catalan </b>maestro de Vuestra Mag. siendo Principe, que aclamado en ceñir la Corona por grande, resulta en el maestro competencias con Aristoteles, pues no tuvo mayor dicipulo (discípulo) este en Alexandro, que Don <b><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galcer%C3%A1n_Albanell" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Galceran de Albanell</a></b> en Vuestra Mag. ec. Però Señor, como el aborrecimiento pone estorvos a la aficion de V. M. notifican sus prendas, y las refieren, con desabrimentos y ultrages, escarneciendo hasta la <b>lengua</b>, que fué tan preziosa a los Señores <b>Reyes de Aragon</b>. Y assi disse Zurita, que era tan general la aficion de los Reyes, que desde que sucedieron al Conde de Barcelona, siempre tuvieron por su naturaleza, y antiquissima patria a <b>Cataluña</b>, y en todo conformaron con sus leyes, y costumbres, y la lengua de que usavan era la <b>Catalana</b>, y de ella fue toda la cortesania, de que se preziavan en aquellos tiempos. Todas las ordinaciones assi de la casa real, como otras eran en Catalan: las proposiciones que hazian los Señores Reyes en las Cortes, o Parlamentos, aunque se hiziessen a los <b>tres Reynos</b>, eran en <b>Catalan</b>. Las historias, que escrivieron de si mismos, como el Rey Don Pedro el Tercero, y el <b>Rey Don Jayme el Conquistador</b>, las compusieron en <b>Lengua Catalana</b>. Todos los poemas, que componian assi los Señores <b>Reyes</b>, como los <b>cortesanos</b>, eran en <b>Catalan</b>. Esta <b>Lengua </b>fuè la que diò principio a los <b>versos</b>, y <b>rimas </b>que se usan en <b>Romance</b>, cantando con ellas a consonancia, la dissonancia de las passiones. Los primeros padres de la <b>Poesia Vulgar</b>, fueron los <b>Catalanes</b>: Passando despues esta arte a Italia, Aragon, y Sicilia. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El Petrarca con las obras de George Valenciano, compuestas en <b>Catalan</b>, diò propriedad, y dulçura al <b>lenguage</b>: florecieron muchos en esta arte, como el Cavallero Ausias Marc, Ramon Montaner, Jayme Roig, y otros muchos. En nuestros tiempos, floreciò en la Poesia Catalana el Dotor <b><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francesch_Vicens_Garc%C3%ADa" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Vicente Garzia</a></b> <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francesch_Vicens_Garc%C3%ADa" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Rector de Vallfogona</a>, cuyos poemas son celebrados por insignes en la agudeza, dulçura, y propriedad de pensamientos, y los admirò por raros el fenix de la Castellana <a href="https://www.biografiasyvidas.com/biografia/v/vega.htm" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Lope de Vega Carpio</a>. Los Reyes de Aragon, y mas en particular el <b>Rey Don Juan el I</b>. hizieron tanta estimacion de la <b>Poesia Catalana</b>, que llamavan el <b>Gay saber</b>, o <b>sciencia gaya</b>, que para alentar los ingenios al trabajo con el premio, concedieron muchos privilegios a los que se esmeravan en esto, como consta en muchas provisiones reales. Ay en esta Lengua compuestos libros de todas facultades, y <b>traduzidos</b> en ella los <b>Poetas</b> mas graves, y mas insignes.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Gasparo Scuolano nella sua Istoria della Città, e del Regno di Valenza part. I. lib. I. cap. 14., ed altri.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(7) Giovanni di Nostradama Vit. Poet. Provenzal. nel Proemio:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cesare di Nostradama nipote del suddetto Giovanni, in più luoghi della sua Istoria, e Cronica di Provenza.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Onorato Bouche nella Storia della medesima Provenza tom. I. lib. 2. Cap. 6.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Giovanni Scolastico Pittoni nella Istoria della Città d' Aix lib. 2. cap. 5. fogl. 104., e lib. 6. cap. 15. fogl. 612.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pietro Gassendi nella Vita di Claudio Peirese a car. 312., ed altri molti.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(8) Stefano Paschieri nelle sue Ricerche della Francia lib. 7. cap. 4. cart. 603. ediz. Parigi 1665.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Carlo Du-Fresne Signor Du-Cange alla Prefaz. del suo Glossario Latino Barbaro num. 35.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(9) L' Arciprete Gio. Mario Crescimbeni Comentar. Istor. Volgar. Poes. volum. I. lib. I. cap. 3., e volum. 3. fogl. 120.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(11) <b>Ramondo Vidal</b> nel suo Libro titolato: La dreita maniera de <b>trobar </b>(la diritta maniera di <b>trovare</b>, cioè poetare) antico MS. della Libreria Medicea Laurenziana al Banco 41. Totz hom qe vol trobar ni entendre deu primierament saber qe neguna <b>parladura</b> non es naturals ni dreta del nostre <b><a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Lengatge</a></b> mas aquela de <b><a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/2019/12/ecrire-occitan-essai-presentation-synthese.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Lemosi</a></b> e de <b>Proenza </b>e <b><a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/2018/05/auvernhat-q-r.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Dalvergna</a></b> e de <b>Caersin</b>. Per que eu vos dic qe quant ren <b>parlarai</b> de <b><a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/2019/12/ecrire-occitan-essai-presentation-synthese.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Lemosin</a> </b>que totas estas terras entendats e totas lor vezinas e totas cellas que son entre ellas e tot lome qe en aqellas terras son nat ni norit an la parladura natural e dreta: cioè Tutt' uomo, che vuole trovare, (poetare) ed intendere, debbe primieramente savere, che niuna parlatura è naturale, e dritta del nostro <b>Linguaggio</b>, se non quella del <b>Limosino</b>, e di <b>Provenza</b>, e d' <b><a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/2018/05/auvernhat-q-r.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Alvernia</a></b>, e di <b>Caorsa</b>: Perchè vi dico, che quando parlerò alcuna cosa di <b><a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/2019/12/ecrire-occitan-essai-presentation-synthese.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Limosino</a></b>, che per esso <b>Limosino </b>intendiate tutte le suddette terre, e tutte le loro vicine, e tutte quelle che sono poste tra loro: E tutti gli uomini, che in quelle terre sono nati, e nodriti anno la <b>parlatura</b> naturale, e dritta.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Gasparo Scuolano nella sua Istoria di <b>Valenza</b> part. I. lib. I. cap. 14. num. I. La tercera, y ultima Lengua Maestra de las de España, es la <b>Lemosina</b>, mas general que todas ec. por ser la que se hablava en <b>Proenza</b>, y toda la <b>Guiayna</b>, y la <b>Francia Gotica</b>; y la que agora se habla en el <b>Principado de Cataluña</b>, <b>Reyno de Valencia</b>, Islas de Mallorca, Menorca, Yviça, y Sardeña.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Niccolò Antonio Bibliothec. Hispan. vet. tom. I. alla Prefaz. num. 26. vers. Ut enim veteres Provincialis Linguae, seu Valentinae Poëtas. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tom. 2. fogl. 49. num 144. Elucubravit ipse Jacobus I. Aragonie Rex, vernaculâ gentis, hoc est Provinciali, ut vocant <b>linguâ</b> (quae tam in <b>Cataloniae</b>, quàm in Valentiae, necnon in <b>Montis-Pesulani</b>, unde Maria fuit Regis mater, ditionibus usu fuit) rerum tempore suo gestarum historiam ec. Prodiit ea Valentiae cum hac vernaculâ inscriptione, quam retinere placuit, venerationem ut habeamus antiquitati.” Chronica o Comentari del gloriosissim, e invictissim <b>Rey en Jacme Rey d' Aragò</b>, de Mallorques, de Valencia, Comte de Barcelona, e de Urgell, e de <b>Montpeiller</b>, feita, e escrita per aquell en sa lengua natural, e treita del archiu del molt magnific Rational de la insigne Ciutat de Valencia, hon estava custodita. Valentiae apud <a href="https://www.bne.es/es/Micrositios/Guias/MujeresImpresoras/Siglos_XVI-XVII/Seleccion_de_Impresoras/Siglo_XVI/Valencia/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">viduam Joannis Mey</a> 1557. E num. 149. Floruere hoc ipso Regis clarissimi tempore duo viri poëtica facultate ad posteros clari. Mossen (ita pro Domino meo Valentini usurpant) Jordi, hoc est Georgius; & Mossen Febrer, qui vernaculâ gentis linguâ, quae eadem est cum <b>Provinciali, & Catalana</b>, magna cum laude <b>versificati</b> sunt. E fogl. 80. num. 66. Circa eadem tempora Fr. <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2022/02/cartas-eruditas-gregorio-mayans-siscar-jose-nebot-sans-jose-villarroya.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Petrus Marsilius</a> ejusdem Ordinis Praedicatorum domus S. Catherinae Martyris, Barcinonensis Urbis, in <b>Latinum </b>ex <b>vernaculâ</b> Provincialium, sive Catalanâ lingua convertit historiam quam de rebus sui temporis Jacobus Rex Aragoniae primus superiore saeculo conscripserat. E cart. 105. num. 246. Sed honesto ut Francisci Petrarchae, nostro tamen (parla del nostro Poeta <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2022/01/falsificacion-eugenio-estevez-francisco-ribalta.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ausias March</a>) inferioris exemplo contenditur, amore Theresiae cujusdam de Bou Valentinae captus, <b>vernaculi</b>, hoc est <b>Provincialis</b>, seu <b>Lemosini</b> pangendi carminis omnem facultatem &c.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cesare di Nostradama Istor. Provenz. part. 5. fogl. 540., e part. 6. fogl. 606., e 626.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://anemi.lib.uoc.gr/search/?dtab=m&search_type=simple&search_help=detail&display_mode=detail&wf_step=init&show_hidden=0&number=1&keep_number=10&cclterm1=explicantur&cclterm2=&cclterm3=&cclterm4=&cclterm5=&cclterm6=&cclterm7=&cclterm8=&cclfield1=term&cclfield2=&cclfield3=&cclfield4=&cclfield5=&cclfield6=&cclfield7=&cclfield8=&cclop1=&cclop2=&cclop3=&cclop4=&cclop5=&cclop6=&cclop7=&isp=&search_coll%5Bmetadata%5D=1&&stored_cclquery=&skin=&rss=0&offset=1&srfile=/metadata/f/4/b/metadata-01-0000493.tkl" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Carlo Du-Fresne</a> Prefaz. Glossar. Latin. Barbar. num. 34. 35., e 36.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Filippo Briezzi della celebre <a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compagnia_di_Ges%C3%B9" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Compagnia di Gesù</a> ne' suoi Parallel. Geograph. vet., & nov. tom. I. part. 2. lib. 5 §. 6.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(16) <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaspar_Juan_Escolano" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Gasparo Scuolano</a> Istor. Valenz. part. I. lib. I. cap. 14. num. 5. Estendieron sus limites los <b>Catalanes </b>poco a poco a las Islas de Mallorca, Menorca, e Yviça, a sus passos fue su lengua estendiendo los suyos. Tambien la passaron a <b>Cerdeña</b>, porque aunque es verdad, que los <b>Sardos </b>desde ab initio tuvieron <b>lengua natural</b>, que despues se fuè mudando de mil colores, y con las avenidas de los <u>Romanos</u>, <b>Godos</b>, <u>Moros</u>, <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/08/capitulo-lx.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Pisanos</a>, y <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/03/num-54-legajo-cartas-reales-num-85-ano-1367-DCCXLV-hegira.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Genoveses</a> de las de todas una confusa pepitoria, que hoy en dia se habla en la Isla: però es cierto, que corre parejas en ella <a href="https://llengua-valenciana.blogspot.com/2021/07/amazon-vita-christi-isabel-villena.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">la <b>Valenciana</b></a>, siendo esta la mas pulida, y corttesana dellos, y la que se entiende en los pueblos mayores, y Ciudades. En suma en aquellos siglos antiguos vino a tener la <b>Lengua Lemosina</b> tan grande credito, que como à muy <b>cortesana</b> se hablava en la <b>Corte </b>de los <b>Condes de Barcelona</b>, y en la de los de <b>Monpeler</b>. De aqui es, que como nuestro venturoso <a href="https://jaime-i-conquistador.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Conquistador el Rey Don Jayme</a> se huviesse criado con ella, y tetadola en los pechos de su Madre ec. hizo tanto esfuerzo la Lengua en el, y en su Casa, que conquistada Valencia de poder de los Moros, y <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/04/repartimiento-de-valencia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">poblada de la mejor</a>, y mas bellicosa gente, que tenia el Mundo, quiso que tuviesse parte su <b>lengua</b> en la Conquista, y que los nuevos pobladores huviessen de usar el <b>Lemosin</b>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Il Dottor <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atheneo_de_grandesa" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Giuseppe Romaghiera</a> nella Introduzione del suo <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atheneo_de_grandesa" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Atheneo de grandesa</a> sobre eminencias cultas; <b>Catalana </b>facundia ab emblemmas illustrada ec. stampato in Barcellona del 1681. “Sim' vituperas lo aver escrit en <b>Català</b>, not' temo, perque murmurant la Llengua ab que parlas, fentla insturment de sas ignominias, los mateixos ecos de vituperi, ressonan calumnias a ta vil censura. A se, que no la ultrajavan aquells antics Eroes Catalans, que feren sentir los clamors de sas victorias a <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/02/contra-manipulacion-historia-corona-aragon.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Atenas</a>, y <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/05/de-exequiis-sepultura-et-infirmitate.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Neopatria</a>, y los que ab los preziosos rubins de sas venas la imprimiren en <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/06/tomo-i-texto-xxix-carta-lo-rey-darago-sicilia-reyna-sicilia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Sardenya</a>, <a href="https://regnemallorca.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Mallorca</a>, y <a href="https://llengua-valenciana.blogspot.com/2022/07/carta-jurats-valencia-emperador-carlos-v-joan-salaya-juan-celaya.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Valencia</a>; però escusarè lo panegiric de sos aplausos, per no fer paraliponen, que exageràs ab sa grandesa la injuria, ab que l' oblit sepulta lo augusto de sas proesas.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Monsignor Angelo Rocca nelle sue Opere ultimamente ristampate in Roma, tom. 2. fogl. 329. Sunt autem duae precipuae in ea Insulâ (nella <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/06/tomo-i-texto-xliv-pere-torrelles-carta-rey-martin-darago-sicilia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Sardigna</a>) linguae, una qua in Civitatibus, & altera, qua extra Civitates utuntur: sed oppidani loquuntur ferè <b>Hispanicâ lingua Tarraconensi, vel Catalanâ</b>, quam didicerunt ab <b>Hispanis</b>, qui tamdiù Magistratum in eisdem Civitatibus gerunt: alii verò genuinam retinent <a href="http://www.proel.org/index.php?pagina=mundo/indoeuro/italico/romance/sardo" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Sardorum <b>linguam</b></a>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Attestazione, o Bulletta fatta dal Magistrato, e da i Deputati della sanità della Città di Caglieri capitale del <b><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2021/03/17-de-diciembre.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Regno di Sardigna</a></b> nell' anno 1718. in <b>Lingua Catalana</b>; la quale ho voluto qui inserire, acciocchè ognuno sappia, che anche a' tempi nostri adoperano quei popoli nelle loro pubbliche scritture la nostra Lingua “A universas singles Guardas de morbo de qualsevol Ciutats Vilas y Llocs axi del present Regne, com fora de aquell, y en qualsevol altra part. Los illustres <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/06/lxxxii-reg-1890-fol-131-20-mar-1387.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Consellers</a>, y <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2021/03/10-de-abril.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Deputats</a> per la custodia del <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/06/cxvi-reg-4879-fol-22-30-jun-1599.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">morbo</a> de la present Ciutat, y <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/01/la-rosada-del-mati-viernes-de-hermandad.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Castell</a> de Caller primaria del present Regne, salut, y dilecsiò. Sertificamvos, y cascù de vos, com d' esta present Ciutat se parteix Don Joseph Sunyer, y <b>Bastero </b>natural de <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/12/indice-tomo-iv.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Barcelona</a> de edat de 19. ains, estatura bona, <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/03/artur-quintana-arturo-quintana.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">cabell castain</a> per Roma, al qual, com en esta Ciutat per la gratia de Nostre Señor Deu Omnipotent hi y a bona sanitat sens dupte, ni suspiciò de morbo, ni altre mal contagiòs, lo podreu acullir, y donar pratica, y comerci sens impediment: en testimoni de las quals cosas se li despaccian las presents per lo Secretari de la Ciutat de val escrit, y sogelladas ab lo sogell de aquell. Dat en <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/07/parlamento-tortosa-parte-iii.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Caller</a> a 29. de Juin Ain 1718. D. Juan Gaspar de Carnicer Segretario de su Magestad, y desta illustre Ciudad.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(17) <b>Raimondo Montaner</b> nella sua Storia intitolata: Cronica, o descripsiò dels fets e hazanyas del <a href="https://jaime-i-conquistador.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">inclyt Rey en Jacme primer Rey Daragò</a>, de <b>Mallorques</b>, e de <b>Valencia</b>, <u>Comte de Barcelona</u>, e de <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/07/jaime-i-concebido-gracias-treta-estratagema.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Muntspeler</a>; e de molts de sos descendents: Feita per lo Magnific en <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/05/pedro-miguel-carbonell.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ramon Muntaner</a>, lo qual servì axi al dit <a href="https://jaime-i-conquistador.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">inclyt Rey en Jacme</a>, com a sos fills, e descendents, e s' trobà present en las cosas en la present Istoria: stampata in Barcellona nel 1562, esistente nella <a href="https://casanatense.beniculturali.it/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Biblioteca Casanattense</a>, e in quella della Sapienza; Cap. 16. E axi la dita Ciutat de Murcia fo presa per lo Senyor <a href="https://jaime-i-conquistador.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Rey en Jacme Daragò</a> en lany que hom comptava M. CC. XXXVIII. E com (incomincia il Cap. 17. titolato: Com fon poblada Murcia de Catalans, e com <a href="https://jaime-i-conquistador.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">lo Senyor Rey en Jacme</a> delliurà la sua part al <a href="https://jaime-i-conquistador.blogspot.com/2019/03/libro-decimo-sexto.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Rey de Castella son gendre</a>). E com la dita Ciutat hac presa, e poblada de Catalans, e axi mateix Oriola, e <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/07/coleccion-documentos-ineditos-corona-aragon-tomo-iii.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Elx</a>, e Guardamar, e Alacant, e Carthagenia, e los altres locs: si que siats certs, que tots aquels qui en la dita Ciutat de Murcia, o els (cioè en los ne' ) devant dits locs son poblats, son vers Catalans, e parlan del bel <b>Catalanesc</b> del Mon, e son tots bons homens d' armas, e de tots feits ec. E com lo dit Senyor Rey hac la Ciutat de Murcia poblada, e los altres locs, ell lliurà la sua part al Rey de Castella son gendre. Vedi Francesco Cascales ne' suoi Discorsi storici de la muy noble, e muy leal Ciudad de Murcia, discors. 2. cap. 4. 7. e 8., e discors. 19. fogl. 335., e 366., e discors. 20. cap. 4. fogl. 432., e cap. 5. fogl. 442.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(18) Il Rettor di Bellosguardo nella Epistola dedicatoria agli Accademici Barzellonesi, delle Rime di Vincenzio Garzia stampate in Barcellona l' anno 1703. presso il Figuerò. E tinc per cert, que la <b>Llengua Catalana</b> (a be que tant dejectada per qui ni la usa, ni la enten, ensenyant las demes en <b>Catalunya</b>) si vestida al tall, y fortuna ha tingut la Castellana, de una centuria a esta part, no li deuria cosa. Y crec, ni menos li deu vuy; <u>pues es la Llengua Catalana propria <b>Espanyola</b> llengua</u>, y no tan arisca com l' antigua Castellana, y en centurias atràs no menos estesa; puix per nostras gloriosas conquistas passà a las Islas del vehì mar, com tambè a altras Islas, y de ellas a las de Egeo, y a la difusa Assia; esplayantse per nostron continent desde Murcia a Narbona, (anzi infino a Nizza di Provenza distante da Murzia nove cento miglia) y encara cerca de esta se conserva una poblaciò, dita Barceloneta, (altra collo stesso nome di Barzellona ve n' è in Provenza fondata dal <b>Conte Ramondo Beringhieri</b> sul principio del secolo XIII., ed altra pure nel Regno di Sicilia) y en <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/03/a-la-ciutat-de-napols-hi-ha-una-preso.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Napols</a> lo <a href="https://lo-decameron.blogspot.com/2018/09/jornada-segona-novela-quinta.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">carrer</a>, y portal de Barcelona guanyaren los <b>Catalans</b> (il Boccac. Nov. 15. Su per una via chiamata la <a href="https://lo-decameron.blogspot.com/2018/09/jornada-segona-novela-quinta.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">ruga Catalana</a>) y en temps dels gloriosos Serenissims Comtes de Barcelona <a href="https://jaime-i-conquistador.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Reys de Aragò</a> era la <b>Llengua de la Cort</b>; y en las poesias de aquellas edats beatas, ditas sas Trobas: lo gay saber, que significa alegra, jocòs, y grat als mes melindrosos oídos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/11/pergamino-origina-fuero-jaca-ricardo-del-arco.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Girolamo Zurita</a> ne' suoi Annali de i <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Re d' Aragona</a> part. I. lib. 8. cap. 18. Partiò el Rey (Don Pietro il IIII., e della stirpe de' <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/07/eleccion-ramiro-ii-rey-aragon.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Beringhieri</a> il III.) el otro dia de Pina, y fuesse a dormir a Candasnos, y el siguiente a <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/05/detalle-batalla-fraga-1134.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Fraga</a>, y quando fuè a vista de aquella Villa, diziendole Don Bernaldo de Cabrera que se alegrasse por que aquella Villa era de <b>Cataluña</b>, començò a bendezirla, y dezir grandes alabanças della; (di <b>Catalogna</b>) por que los Reyes que sucedieron al Conde de Barcelona, siempre la tuvieron por su naturaleza, y propria Patria; y en todo se conformaron con sus leyes, y costumbres y <b>la Lengua de que usavan era la Catalana</b>, y della fue toda la cortesania de que se preziavan en aquellos tiempos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(19) Cesare di Nostradama Istor. <a href="https://tresorfelibrige.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Provenz</a>. part. 2. sotto questo titolo: Seconde partie de l' Histoire de Provence: sous les Comtes de Barcellone, & <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Rois d' Aragon</a> qui l' ont possedée depuis l' an. 1080, jusques en l' an 1245. dal fogl. 91. al 209. Et pourtant que ce sont les Comtes de Barcellone, qui doivent d' orênavant commander souverainement, & tenir le sceptre de <b>Provence</b>, il semble tres-expedient avant qu' entrer au fil d' une si longue materie, & aux courants de cête histoire, de voir en premier lieu, de quels insignes, & puissans ancêtres ces <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/12/indice-tomo-iv.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Comtes</a>, & <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/12/xxiv-perg-86-11-agosto-1137.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Marquis</a> <b>Aragonois</b> sont descendus, & sortis &c. Fin de la seconde partie, & des Comtes du sang de Barcelone, & d' <b>Aragon</b>. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Onorato Bouche nella sua Istoria della medesima <b><a href="https://tresorfelibrige.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Provenza</a> </b>tom. 2. lib. 9. part. 2. col seguente titolo: Les Comtes proprietaires de <b><a href="https://tresorfelibrige.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Provence</a></b> de la deuxieme race des Comtes de <b>Catalogne</b>, de Barcelonne, & des Rois d' Aragon, durant l' espace de 145. ans, sçavoir depuis l' an 1100. jusques à l' an. 1245. E poi al cap. I. della stessa part. 2. car. 101. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quoy que ce ne soit point de nôtre tâche de traiter de l' origine de ces Etats de <b>Catalogne</b>, de Barcelonne, & d' Aragon; neantmoins parce que nous devons être gouvernez en Provence durant l' espace de 134. ans par des Princes de cête nation, il ne serà pas hors de propos, de dire un mot sur le temps, & le sujet de l' institution de ces Etats.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(20) Giovanni Scolastico Pittoni nella sua Histoire de la Ville d' <a href="https://tresorfelibrige.blogspot.com/2021/12/lou-tresor-dou-felibrige.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Aix</a> Capitale de la Provence, lib. 2. cap. 5. fogl. 104. Parmy tant de belles, & rares qualités qui accompagnoient nos <b>Princes Catalans</b>, celle d' aimer les gens de lettres n' êtoit pas la moindre; nous leur devons cet avantage d' avoir remis l' étude de belles lettres: Ce fut sous eux que nos <a href="https://tresorfelibrige.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Provençaux</a> trouverent l' art de rimer, & donnerent au Parnasse une dixiéme compagne, qui fut en même tems bien recuë dans la Cour des Grands. Les Italiens qui loüent fort rarement ceux qui ne sont pas de leur nation, le disent; & les Espagnols toûjours enflés de vanité le confessent, comme nous prouverons à un autre endroit, lors que nous parlerons des Troubadours, ou Poëtes, que nous ferons voir leur principale Academie dans la Ville d' Aix.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cesare di Nostradama Istor. Provenz. part. 2. Provence sous les Comtes de Barcellonne, a car. 132, Ce fut de ce tems que la <a href="https://tresorfelibrige.blogspot.com/2021/12/lou-tresor-dou-felibrige.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Poësie Provenzale</a> començà de se monstrer en honneur, & de resonner heroïquement sous les belles, & doctes rithmes d' infinits Gentilshommes, & personages de qualité, qui se mirent à vulgairement poëtiser ec. dont ils furent appellés <b>Troubadours</b>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Claudio Fauchet nel 2. volum. dell' Antichità della Gaule part. 2. car. 331. terg. Les Berangiers entretenoient en Languedoc, Provence, & Catalogne, des homes d' esprit, comme deçà les Comtes de Champagne les Trouvers, & Chanterres (car ainsi appelloit-on les Poëtes vulgaires) les quels au son de la vielle, ou violle chantoient des vers vulgaires finissans en unison, que depuis l' on appellà rhimes.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Anton Domenico Norcia Congress. Litterar. Fogl. 210.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(21) Onorato Bouche nella detta sua Istoria di Provenza tom. I. lib. 2. cap. 6. fogl. 94. Finalement par l' arrivée des Aragonois ec. depuis l' an. 1110. au tems des Berenguiers Comtes de Barcelone ec. la Langue Provençal devint si nette, si polie, si embellie de toute sorte d' ornemens de belle locution, durant l' espace de trois cens ans, que communement elle êtoit preferée à toutes les autres de l' Europe, & plusieurs Etrangers s' efforcerent de l' apprendre.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(22) Mario Equicola Natur. Amor. lib. 5. a c. 337. Tanto durarono quelli gentili spiriti (intende de' Poeti Provenzali) quanto la Corte fu in Provenza; ma poi che ' l predetto Conte Ramondo Berlinghieri maritò le figliuole ec. mancò quella nobile pianta, ec. e questa io istimo fusse la causa, che non si ampliò più oltra il dire Provenzale.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pier Francesco Giambullari Orig. Ling. Fiorentin, a c. 139. Mancata quivi (in Provenza) la Corte per la morte del Conte Ramondo Berenghieri ec. non solamente mancarono i Poeti, e le Rime sì celebrate, ma la lingua stessa per sì fatta maniera vi vienne meno, e vi si annullò, che i Provenzali non la intendono già dugento anni.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(23) Filippo, e Jacopo Giunti nella Dedicatoria, che fanno al Serenissimo Gran Principe di Toscana, del Libro del Decamerone di Messer Giovanni Boccacci (Boccaccio) alla sua vera lezione ridotto da' Deputati l' anno 1573. Egli dunque, Serenissime Gran Principe, così racconcio, per nostra mano si rappresenta all' A. V., egli infinitamente la ringrazia col Serenissimo Gran Duca suo Padre, che da questo esilio sia stato ritornato nella Patria sua, ec. e quasi da morte a vita sia risuscitato: Ma specialmente ancora priega lei, che per sua bontà, e favore ne pigli, è ritenga perpetua protezione; non essendo cosa alcuna, che più mantenga il pregio delle lingue, che il favore de' Principi Grandi, per virtù de' quali elle fioriscono, e si mantengono onorate; di che può essere vivo esempio la Provenzale, al tempo de' nobili Conti di quella Provinzia, specialmente del buon Ramondo Beringhieri, tanto celebrato Signore, per cui ella salì in grandissimo onore, e poco meno che per tutta l' Europa si sparse, e come si sa, fu da' nostri studiosamente, ne' primi tempi adoperata, e poi lungamente imitata; e mancata quella Corte, e sottratto, come dire, il latte che la nutriva, venne a poco a poco mancando, ed oggi è poco meno che del tutto spenta. Pierfrancesco Giambullari luogo citat.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(26) Sono parole di Girolamo Gigli nel suo Apparato all' Opere de S. Caterina da Siena, fogl. 177.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(27) Alla Prefazione del Vocabolario. Nella presente impressione ci siamo allargati assai più che nelle precedenti nel mettere al rincontro delle Toscane le voci greche: come che molte di quelle, dependano da queste, e che sovente ne servano alla dichiarazione, ed alla analogia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(28) Il Vocabolario. Plusori. V. A. che sente del Provenzale: e vale lo stesso, che Più. Lat. plures. Provenzale pluzors. Franzese plusieurs.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(29) L' Abate Anton Maria Salvini Gentiluomo Fiorentino, nelle sue Pros. Toscan. Lez. 12. a c. 216.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(30) Il suddetto Salvini nelle citat. Pros. Lez. 53 a c. 557.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(31) Lo stesso Salvini, Lez. 36. fogl. 412.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(32) Benedetto Varchi nella Orazione funerale, che recitò nell' Accademia Fiorentina in morte del Cardinal Bembo, stampata presso la Raccolta delle Orazioni scritte da diversi Uomini illustri fatta da Francesco Sansovino lib. I. fogl. 53. A queste cose s' aggiugneva la riputazione, che gli arrecava assai maggiore, e da doversi via più stimare, che molti non pensano, l' essere egli stato il primo, che avesse dopo tanti anni, non solo conosciuta, ma contrafatta, e rassomigliata ne' versi la leggiadria del Petrarca, e nelle prose la purità del Boccaccio ec. E tanto più, che a lui fu necessario di porre quasi quel medesimo tempo, e fatica ad apprendere questa nostra Lingua Fiorentina, (che Fiorentina la chiama egli, e non Toscana) che ad apparar la Latina, e se a bene intendere la Latina, gli fu di bisogno apprender la Greca, A BENE INTENDER LA TOSCANA GLI BISOGNO' APPARAR LA PROVENZALE, poco meno che del tutto spenta ancora in quei tempi, dalla quale anno così i Prosatori Toscani, come gli Scrittori di versi, infiniti vocaboli, e modi di favellare tolti, e cavati, come ne dimostra egli nel principio de i tre dottissimi libri delle sue gravissime, ed ornatissime Prose.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(33) Gli Accademici della Crusca nella Lettera dedicatoria che del loro Vocabolario fanno al Serenissimo Granduca.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(34) Federigo Ubaldini Tavol. Docum. Amor. Barber. Alle voci accolte, a tiera, gautata, moscare, solci, tiera, e trovare.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(35) Francesco Redi Annot. Ditir. In più luoghi, come si manifesta dall' Indice alle lettere G, O, ed R in questa guisa: Glossario Provenzale. Manuscritto di Francesco Redi, car. 57. 63. Gramatica Provenzale. Manuscritto della Libreria di S. Lorenzo. 63. 140. 194. 195. 196. 198. Onomastico Provenzale. Testo a penna della Libreria di S. Lorenzo 195. 198. Rimario Provenzale. MS. della Libreria di S. Lorenzo. 59. 198. 204.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(36) Anton Maria Salvini nelle Pros. Toscan. Lez. 24. car. 312., ed in altre sue Opere. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(37) Dante nel I. lib. della Volgare Eloquenza (N. E. De Vulgari Eloquentia) cap. 8. 9. e 10. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(38) Guglielmo Catel nelle Memorie Storiche della Linguadoca lib. I. cap. I. fogl. 39. "Le Languedoc est appellé dans les anciens livres, qui sont aux archifs de la Ville de Tolose, la lenga d' oc; dans les quels est dit: & tramezeron lor per diversas partidas de la lenga d' oc ec. Mais communement, & le plus souvent il est nommé dans les anciens actes Patria Linguae Occitaniae ec. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Plusieurs ont estimé, que le Païs de Languedoc avoit pris son nom des Goths qui ont longues années tenu le dit païs, d' autant que Land en Alleman signifie Païs; & partant Languedoc semble être dit, Païs de Goths, même anciennement le Languedoc fut appellé Gothia. Mais je crois qu' ils n' ont pas bien rencontré; car ce mot de Languedoc vient plustost de la langue que les naturels parloient. Car comme ceux du païs de la langue Françoise son apellez de la langue d'Ouy; de mêmes ceux du païs son appellez du Languedoc, c' est à dire, comme nous avons remarqué ci dessus, Langue d' Oc: ce que Raymond Comte de Tolose monstre bien clairement dans un ancien acte de l' an 1220. dans lequel il distingue ceux de ce païs des autres par leurs langues, quand il dit: Quod quicumque homines nostri idiomatis, videlicet de lingua nostra. Guillaume de Puylaurens Chapelain de Raimond le jeune Comte de Tolose, voulant dire au Chap. 19. de son Histoire, que le Comte de Mont-fort ne se vouloit plus fier à ceux de Languedoc, il le dit en ces termes: Idem Comes ex tunc abhorrere coepit confortia militum nostrae linguae. Guiraud Riquier ancien Poëte de Narbone en un Poëme qu' il a fait en l' an 1270. sur la mort d' Amalric son Seigneur, & Vicomte de Narbone, voulant dire, qu' Amalric êtoit le plus noble du Languedoc, il dit, qu' il estoit le plus noble de sa langue en ces vers: Doncx perdut l' a Narbonès, & Narbona, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don deu esser tot lo pobles ploròs, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car elb era la plus noble persona</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per dreg dever que dest lengatge fos: </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(cioè Dunque l' ha perduto il Narbonese, e Narbona, Onde debbe essere tutto' l popolo lagrimoso Poichè egli era la più nobil (nobile) persona, Per dritto dovere, che fosse in questa Provincia)” </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Je ne crois pas aussi, que ce qu' a remarqué <a href="https://recherchesfrance.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Pasquier en ses Recherches</a> soit veritable qu' il ayt esté appellé <a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/2023/02/linga-occitana-cathalonia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Languedoc</a>, pour-ce que ceux de ce païs avoient aprins la <a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/2023/02/linga-occitana-cathalonia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">langue des Goths</a>, lesquels y avoient fait long sejour. Et n' ay point veu aucun ancien acte, dans lequel ce païs soit appellé en Latin <a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/2023/02/linga-occitana-cathalonia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">linguae Gothicae</a>, comme il dit que l' on lit dans les anciens actes: mais au contraire ce païs est toujours nommé dans les anciens livres, Patria <a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/2023/02/linga-occitana-cathalonia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">linguae Occitaniae</a>; ou <a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/2023/02/linga-occitana-cathalonia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Occitania</a>, ainsi que nous avons dit.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Monsignor Pietro della Marca nella sua Istoria di Bearne lib. 8. cap. 2. fogl. 684. “Ce païs (della <a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/2023/02/linga-occitana-cathalonia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Linguadoca</a>) est nommé Septimaniae dans Sidonius, & Gregoire de Tours, à cause des compagnies de la septiéme legion, que les Romains tenoient en garnison dans la Ville de Besiers, pour l' asseurance de la <b>province</b>. Les Goths l' ayants retenuë , elle fut nomée <a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/2023/02/linga-occitana-cathalonia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Gaule Gottique</a>, ou <a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/2023/02/linga-occitana-cathalonia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Gothie</a> dans Isidore de Seville en sa Chronique. Ces deux noms de Septimaniae, & de Gothie lui ont esté continués indiferemment dans Fredegarius, Eginhart, & les Annales du moyen temps: Et enfin elle a pris celui de <a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Languedoc</a>, ou <a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">langue de oc</a>. Cête denomination est provenuë, de ce que les Rois distribuerent dans leurs Ordonnances, il y a trois cens cinquante ans, le Royaume de France en deux langues, sçavoir langue d' Oui, & langue d' Oc: Le païs de la province <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/04/sitio-barbastro-1064.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Narbonoise</a> ayant êté pour lors establi le chef de la <a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/2023/02/linga-occitana-cathalonia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">langue d' Oc</a>; & le Parlement ordonné en la Ville de Tolose, pour les peuples du Royaume qui avoient l' idiome semblable.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(39) Il Bembo Prof. I.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(40) Mario Equicola Natur. Amor. lib. 5.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(41) Onorato Bouche Istor. Provenz. tom. I. lib. 2. cap. 6. fogl. 95.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(42) Stefano Paschieri Ricerc. Franz, lib. 7. cap. 4. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(43) Giovanni Scolastico Pittoni Istor. della Città d' Aix.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(44) Giovanni, e Cesare di Nostradama, Zio, e Nipote; quegli nelle Vit. Poet. Provenzal., questi nella Istor. Provenz. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(45) Gasparo Scuolano Istor. Valenz. lib. I. cap. 14. num. 2. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(46) Il Bembo Prof. I.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(47) Anton Maria Salvini nella Prefazione della 2. part. del I. Volum. della Raccolta di Prose Fiorentine.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(48) Il Conte Federigo Ubaldini nella Vita di Messer Francesco da Barberino. Come a grandissimo ornamento di tale facoltà (intende della Filosofia naturale) voltò parimente l' animo alle rime volgari, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">dando opera agli scritti de' Provenzali, che per ciò sono da lui appellati Maestri; e da essi il più bel fiore cogliendone, non tralasciò sorte di rima, in cui secondo l' uso di quella favella, Toscanamente non si esercitasse.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(49) Il Cavalier Lionardo Salviati Avvertiment. Ling. Volum. I. lib. 2. cap. 8. Le parole, e i parlari, che nel nostro Linguaggio venner dal Provenzale, furono in vari tempi con finissima scelta eletti dagli Scrittori; da quegli Scrittori diciamo, che nel buon secolo la Toscana favella illustrarono, e sono de' più leggiadri, de' più sonori, e de' più belli, ch' abbia la lingua nostra, come per la raccolta fatta dal Bembo di non pochi di loro, senza molta fatica possiam certificarsi.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(50) Tommaso Bonavventuri Gentiluomo Fiorentino nella Prefazione del 6. volum. delle Prose Fiorentine stampate in Firenze 1723., a car. xx. Da questa medesima sorgente di novità, da questo trasportamento di voci d' altri paesi, da questo dispregio nulla curante delle proprie ne è seguito altresì il mescolamento nel volgar nostro; perciocchè da principio molte parole, e locuzioni vi passarono tratte dall' idioma Provenzale, e Franzese; nel primo de' quali essendovi molte, e belle composizioni, ebbero elleno mirabil corso in Italia, e particolarmente in Toscana, dove alcuni si posero a scriver Provenzalmente ec. Il che però non riuscì peravventura in pregiudizio della lingua nostra, poichè la diligenza, e lo studio de' nostri Uomini seppe così bene adoperare, che molte parole, e molti modi tratti da quelle favelle alla maniera nostra acconciando, con essi la nostra, ancora in alcuna parte manchevole, di nuovi abbellimenti, e di nuove preziose ricchezze adornarono.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(51) Sopra la Canzone del Petrarca Amor se vuoi ch' io torni al giogo antico, Lezion. 17. a c. 252. della Stampa di Firenze.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(52) Jacopo Faciuolati Prefetto degli Studi del Seminario di Padova nel suo Trattato de ortu, & interitu Linguae Latinae. Gasparo Scioppio, ed altri.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(53) Gasparo Scuolano Istor. Valenz. part. I. lib. I. cap. 14. colona. 96, num. 11 (o 2).</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(54) Bemb. Pros. I. a c. 75. ediz. Napoli 1714. Ma si come la Toscana lingua, da quelle stagioni a pigliare riputazione incominciando, crebbe in onore, e in prezzo, quanto si è veduto, di giorno in giorno; così la Provenzale è ita mancando, e perdendo di secolo in secolo: intanto che ora, non che i Poeti si truovino, che scrivano Provenzalmente; ma la lingua medesima è poco meno, che sparita, e dileguatasi della contrada. Perciocchè in gran parte altramente parlano quelle genti, e scrivono a tempo: nè senza molta cura, e diligenza, e fatica si possono ora bene intendere le loro antiche scritture. Senzachè eglino a nessuna qualità di studio meno intendono, che al rimare, e alla Poesia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(55) Dante Alighieri nel I. trattat. del Convivio cap. 5.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(56) Lo stesso Dante Parad. Cant. 26.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(57) Nella Epistola a Pisone.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(58) Nel lib. 8 de Ling. Lat.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(62) L' Abate Vezio nel Trattato de' Romanzi a c. 124. E più diffusamente Germano La Faille ne' suoi Annali della Città di Tolosa. Vedi sopra, al num. 6. e in appresso alla Tavola de' Poeti alle lettere M, et T. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(63) Annibale Marchese nel Poema titolato Carlo Sesto il Grande, cant. 5 stanz. 35. a c. 142. stampat. In Napoli dal Mosca, 1720.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(64) Anton Maria Salvini nella Orazione in lode di S. Zanobi Protettore dell' Accademia della Crusca, presso le sue Prose Toscane a c. 4.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(65) Nelle Note marginali per entro i libri della Lingua Toscana di Benedetto Buommattei a car. 100.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(66): Nella Prefazione del Vocabolario della terza edizione §. Alcuna volta.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(67) Cod. MS. Vatic. num. 3206. dal fogl. 126. al 134.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(68) Cod. MS. Vatic. Num. 3205. a c. 164.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(69) Cap. 61.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(70) Cap. 392.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(71) Benedetto Varchi nell' Ercolano a c. 64. della Stampa de' Giunti in Firenze 1570.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(72) Lodovico Castelvetro nella Correzione d' alcune cose dell' Ercolano del Varchi a c. 99. Stampa di Basilea 1572.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(73) Comentar. Istor. Volgar. Poes. Volum. 2. part. I. a c. 193.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(74) A car. 253. Stampa di Firenze ann. 1715.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(75) Cod. MS. della Libreria Laurenziana al Pluteo 41. V. sopra, al num. 11 (o 2).</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(76) Nelle Prose Toscane fogl. 191. Stamp. Di Firenze.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(77) Bemb. Pros. 1.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(78) Nella Origine de la Langue, & Poesie Françoise lib. I. cap. 4.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(d) Paraulas: La citata Prefazione ha paroles, che è puro Franzese: in Provenzale si dice paraulas nel numero del più, e paraula in quel del meno, come nota il dottissimo Ab. Anton Maria Salvini sopra il Buommart. Trattat. ling. Tosc. A cart. 37. ediz. Firenz. 1714. nella postil. marginal. così: Parola è detta da Parabola in Provenzale paraula, in Ispagnuolo palabra ec. Ma già m' aveddo, che ho detto di sopra al num. xxiij., che non voleva render ragione della correzione de' Franzesismi trascorsi poco a proposito nelle nostre Scritture per ignoranza de' copiatori; onde per l' avvenire non ne farò più parola. <br /><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/05/tavola-poeti-provenzali-eta-oro-secolo-xi-secolo-xv.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">tavola-poeti-provenzali-eta-oro-secolo-xi-secolo-xv</a></span></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/05/tavola-dell-abbreviature-la-crusca.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">tavola-dell-abbreviature</span></a></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"></span></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/05/preliminari-la-crusca-provenzale.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">preliminari</span></a></p><p><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2023/05/catalogo-maggior-parte-voci-provenzali-usate-dagli-scrittori-toscani.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Catalogo</span></a></p>Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1217969734972724911.post-73907743417804380842023-04-25T11:50:00.000+02:002023-09-28T19:14:35.162+02:00XII. Franquezas de Mallorca.<p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">XII. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2023/04/xii-franquezas-mallorca-franquees-mayorches-privilegis-usatges-barcelona.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Franquezas de Mallorca</a>. (Vid. pág. 233.)</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ex cod. ap. <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/search/label/Antonio%20Ignacio%20Pueyo" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ant. Ignac. Pueyo</a>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">In fronte. (llaves)</span></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: verdana;">En nom de nre. Seyor Jhu Xpist e de la Verge Sancta Maria mare sua. Aquest es lo libre de les <b><a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2023/04/xii-franquezas-mallorca-franquees-mayorches-privilegis-usatges-barcelona.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">franchees</a>, e dels <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2023/04/xii-franquezas-mallorca-franquees-mayorches-privilegis-usatges-barcelona.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">privilegis</a> de <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2023/04/xii-franquezas-mallorca-franquees-mayorches-privilegis-usatges-barcelona.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Mayorches</a></b>, e dels </span><span style="font-family: verdana;"><b><a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2023/04/xii-franquezas-mallorca-franquees-mayorches-privilegis-usatges-barcelona.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">usatges de Barcelona</a></b>. Lo qual en P. Torreela cavaler feu fer, com fo <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/02/ciii-reg-1081-fol-20-2-abril-1369.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Veger</a> a honor del Seyor Rey, e a ordenament de la Cort, en layn de nre. Seyor Jhu Xpist de M.CC.XC.I. (1291) </span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aquest es lo libre de les <b>franchees </b>quel Seyor en <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2021/03/nos-don-iavmes-gratia-dius-rey-daragon.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Jacme Rey darago</a> dona a Mayorcha.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sapien tuit que Nos en <b><a href="https://jaime-i-conquistador.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Jacme per la gracia de Deu Rey darago</a></b>, de Mayorches, e de Valencia, e Comte de Barcelona, e durgel, Seyor de <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/07/jaime-i-concebido-gracias-treta-estratagema.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Monpestler</a>, avens e tenens en nra. presencia la carta dels privilegis e de les franchees les quals a vos, amats nres. e feels universes e sengles pobladors e habitadors de la ciutat del regne de Mayorcha saeureve, so es, layn de nre. Seyor M.CC.XXX. Kal. de mars a Mayorcha donam e otorgam, e la tenor de la cual diligentment entesa; cor nos axi com a molt feels e devots nres. lo Kar fill nre. Infant don Jacme reebes volenterosament, e juras aver apres los dies nres. per Seyor natural, e alcunes coses a instancia dels vres. precs esmenam, e alcuns capitols de gracia especial enadim; les quals totes en la dita carta a utilitat e a salvament vre. son. Empero la carta davant dita axi esmenada a vos e als vres. per Nos e per los nres. loam e atorgam, e per tots temps confermam. La tenor de la cual paraula a paraula, e aquels capitols qui ara qui enadim, a perpetual memoria de la cosa asi fem notar. La tenor de la carta damunt dita aytal es.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En nom de Jhu Xpist. Manifesta cosa sia a tots axi presents com esdevenidors, que Nos En Jacme per la gracia de Deu Rey Darago, e de Mayorcha, e de Valencia (a),</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(a) El copiante añadió de Valencia, porque ya era Rey de allí cuando se hizo el traslado; mas no lo era cuando se hizo esta escritura en 1230.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">e Comte de Barcelona e Durgel, Seyor de <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/07/jaime-i-concebido-gracias-treta-estratagema.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Monpestles</a>, ab aquesta present publica escriptura per tots (temps) valedora, per Nos e per tots los hereus e successors nres. donam, e atorgam, e loam a vos, amats eficels (e feels o fidels) nres. universes e sengles pobladors del regne e de la ciutat de Mayorches, e als habitadors de la ciutat e de tota la yla que aqui poblets e habitets. E damvos cases e casals, orts e ortals el terme de la ciutat prats e pastures, aygues dolces, mar e riba de mar, cases, pastures, plasis, e muntanxes (muntanyes), erbes, leyes a cases e a naus e a altres leyms (leyns : lenys) a fer, e a tots vres. usos; e puscats pescar en mar liurament, los estayns tan solament retinguts a Nos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De les possessions.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les possessions, totes les quals en la ciutat, o el regne aurets o possehirets, ayats franches e liures, axi com queles aviets per cartes de nra. donacio. E puscats daqueles ab infant o sens infant totes vres. volentats fer a quius volrets, exceptats cavalers e sants.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De franchea per les terres.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Donam encara a vos que en la ciutat e el regne de Mayorches, e per tota la altra terra de la Seyoria nra. e del regne Darago, axi en aquestes terres que vuy avem e daqui avant porem guaayar (guanyar), per terra e per mar siats franchs e liures, ab totes coses e mercaderies vres., de tota leuda de peatge, de portatge, de mesuratge, de pes, e de ribatge, e de tota questa de tolta de forsa e de demanda, e de prestet, dost, de cavalcada, e de reenso daquestes coses depus que la terra sera guaayada (guanyada).</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De carnatge.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No donets carnatge de vre. bestiar negun temps, passatge, erbatge, ne quarante.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De naufrag.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Naufrag negun no sera negun temps en les parts de la yla damunt dita.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De ban de contel (coltell).</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si alcun traura contel o espaa vert (vers, versus) altre, menassan, o eraxen, don a la nra. cort LX. sot., o la ma perda.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dom qui sia pres en ladronisci.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si alcu sera pres en ladronisci alcunes coses emblan, aquel de qui sera la cosa, tenga aquel tant de temps entro que les sues coses aya cobrades: e puys reta aquel a la cort, a justeya fer.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Davulteri.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Negun davulteri no sia punit en coses, ne en persona, si doncs la fembra ol marit no preposava clam de la forsa asi feta.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De pacificar los mals.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tots maleficis qui seran entrels habitadors de la ciutat, pusquen los prohomens pascificar e defenir, ans que sia clam o fermament fet a la Cort.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De quint de Cort.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De injuries e de maleficis, dels quals a la Cort sera fet clam fermarets dret en poder de la Cort nra., el colpable dara lo quint per calonia, si será vensut; mas primerament deu satisfer al … Si clam fet sera de possessio, e de cosa no moble, no darets calonia, en ... Per quint de Cort lit ne archa no sera peyorada, ne vestedures, ne armes de la sua persona.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels plets.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los habitadors de la ciutat e de tota la yla pledexaran de ters en ters dia, e lestryn de dia en dia, si sera demanat; mas si de manara, us de dret de vey.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De plets de injuries.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En plets de injuries, en dons, e en nafres fetes, sia enantat segons los usatges de Barcelona.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si deutor o fermansa alcun sia fet el terme sia passat etrobat sera en la ciutat o el regne de Mayorcha, no puscha privilegi de fora (f. for) allegar; mas aqui sia tengut de respondre.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De batala.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per alcun crim o forfet o demanda no farets ab vos, ne ab batle, ne ab Cort de la ciutat ne entre vos meteys batala, per ferre calt, per homene, per aygua, ne per neguna altra cosa.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dentrar en cases.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cort, batle, sayg, ne lur loc tenent, no entrara en les vostres cases per negun crim, ne per rao de suspita, per si sols; mas entraran ab II. o ab IIII. prohomens de la ciutat. Aso metex será observat en naus, e en leyns, en forns, e en molins.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De sagrament de calomnia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sagrament de calompnia farets en plets vres.; mas res daguen no darets per lo sagrament a fer.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De dar a cort per justicia fer.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No darets a Cort, a batle, ne a sayg neguna cosa per vostra justeya afer, ne aver. Mas sil sayg ira fora la ciutat, don a el lo clamant VI. diners per legua.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De revenedors.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Revenedor de vi, de farina, e de coses de menyar, si trobat sera ab falsa mesura, perda de tot en tot la cosa venal, e aya daquen la Cort la tersa part, el mur de la ciutat les II. parts.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De les flequeres.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Flequera, si vendra menys de pes, o sia posada al costel, o don V. sol., dels quals aya les dos parts la Cort, el mur la tersa part.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De vi a cridar o altres coses.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Negu no sia tengut de fer cridar vi, oli, o coses venals; ne sia tengut daver pes de Seyor. Empero de pus seran posades les coses venals, negun no pusca vendre mes del preu posat; mas vena la cosa venal, e no fassa en aquela neguna mescla.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De falsetat de pes o de mesures.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Veger, batle, o sayg, no pusca conexer de falsetat de pes o de mesures sino en lo poblic, o davant prohomens de la ciutat.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De calonia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No sera dada calonia si plet no sera fermat de cada una part.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De plets atermenar en locs publics.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Totes questions que seran entrels habitadors de la ciutat, sien menades en loc public, on lo Veger sera ab los prohomens de la ciutat; e no vendrets a casa de cort o de batle, per plet a determenar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De peyora a X dies.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Deutor o fermansa pusca dar peyora a son creedor a X dies ab manlevador covinent; e tendra la peyora per X dies; apres dels quals vendra la peyora; mas aq. la fara correr per III dies. E si mes de son dret naura, queu restituesca a son deutor; e si meyns, quel deutor o la fermansa restituesca a son creedor.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De fermanses.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Neguna fermansa no sia tenguda de respondre, de mentre que la principal persona present sera e covinent a satisfer.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De dir cugus o renegat.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si alcu dira a altre cugus o renegat, e mantinent aqui alcun dau pendra, no sia tengut de respondre a alcun Seyor, o son loctinent.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dabsolucio meyns de fermansa.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si alcun per alcu crim de cort o de batle pres sera, no sia absolt si no dona fermansa de dret.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De cavaler qui no vol fer dret.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si cavaler no volra fer compliment de justicia, ne de la cort, no pora esser destret; lega a son aversari peyores pendre per sa propia auctoritat, esters lo caval quel cavaler cavalcara. E si per aventura altres peyores no aura, lega al aversari del cavaler lo caval pendre, si doncs no cavalcavo sobrel o ab sa propria ma lo tenga.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels juys.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los juys tots dels plets e dels crims jutyara la cort ab los prohomens de la ciutat.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Daquels qui pendram (pendran) justeya.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si alcu dalcun crim sera condempnat on pena corporal sostenga, no perda los bens seus, ne partida dels bens seus; mas pusca daquels fer testament e jaquir a hereus e a quis volra.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De les <a href="https://regnemallorca.blogspot.com/2021/04/crida-real-sobre-les-noves-ordinacions.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">crides</a>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cadau pusca si fer cridar, e puscats les coses vestres aquius placia fer <a href="https://regnemallorca.blogspot.com/2021/04/crida-real-sobre-les-noves-ordinacions.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">cridar</a>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De les escrivanies.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lega a qualsqueus (sic) placia les empero covinent, mas no a negu ordenat, offici de scrivania usar, fet sagrament en poder de la cort e dels prohomens que sia en son offici per cada una part leyal egualment e feel.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De les sentencies.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De tot clam, sia que nec, o que dupte lo colpable, o que atorc, la primera sentencia de la cort sia donada ab consel dels prohomens, la qual es aytal: per tot aquest dia vos posats ab vestre aversari, o fermats de dret, o al vespre muntats alalmudayna. E si en lalmudayna no muntara, sia aut per fermat de dret, e exir na daquen dret.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De forsa e de destret.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nos o alcun successor o hereu nostre, cort, bale, o alcun tenentloc nostre, no foran (faran) forsa neguna ne destret en persones ne en coses vestres dementre que aparelats secrets dar fermansa de dret, sino sia enorme crim.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Descambiar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Prometem encara a vos que no darem ne escambiarem vos a alcuna persona, a cavalers, ne a sants, en tot ne en partida; mas tots temps amarem e defendrem vos en tots locs axi com a feels prohomens nostres e layals. = Dada fo la carta a Mayorcha kal. de mars en layn de nostre Seyor de M.CC.XXX. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aquest son los capitols que ara enadim de gracia de nou.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De possessions.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Honors e possessions a vos, segons que es contengut el capbreu, per nos e per los nostres loam e autorgam, e per tots temps comfermam.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De letres.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Letres o cartes a alcu o alcuns de nos otorgades contra privilegis e franchees vostres, no ayen neguna fermetat.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De sagrament.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Volem e per tots temps establim que cadau successor nostre, cort, batle o qualqueus placia loc nostre tinent en la ciutat o en la ila de Mayorches, juren aquestes totes coses e sengles, axi com damunt son escrites, atendre feelment e observar. Nos empero, a mayor fermetat de totes les damunt dites coses e sengles, juram e fem jurar lo Kar fill nostre infant en P. hereu de Catalunya sobre sants IIII evangelis de Deu, de nos e del corporalment tocats, que les damunt dites coses, totes e sengles, atenam e complescam de tot en tot, e fassa en totes coses e per totes a tuit sens corrompiment observar. E nos damunt dit infant en P. hereu de Cataluya jura per Deu e per los sants IIII evangelis de Deu de nos tocats, les damunt dites coses e sengles atendre fermament e complir. Dada a Alcanis VI idus de febrer en layn de M.CC.LVI. (1256) = Seyal + den Jacme per la gracia de Deu Rey Darago, de Mayorcha e de Valencia, Comte de Barcelona e Durgel e Seyor de Monpestler. = Seyal + del Infant en P. del noble Rey Darago davant dit fil e hereu de Cataluya. = Testimonis son: Nexamen de Fosses: Bn. G. Deutensa (Dentensa, Entenza): Nexamen Dorrea: Michel de Lefun: en Jasbert de Castelnou: A. de Lers: Artal de Luna: G. de Castelnou. = Seyal + den P. de Capelades, qui per manament del Seyor Rey e del Infant en P. sobredit per lo Seyor frare Andreu, bisbe de Valencia, del damunt dit Seyor Rey Canseler, aso es scrit el loc, el dia en layn damunt dits.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De confermament de franchees.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Manifesta cosa sia a tuit presents e esdevenidors que nos en Jacme per la gracia de Deu Rey Darago, etc. Atenens esser deguda cosa, e digna e justa que tots los habitadors de la ciutat de Mayorches e de la yla dela, e encara de les altres iles, so es a saber, de Menorcha e de Evissa, deyen tots temps e en tot loc usar de la nostra franchea, emperso scientment et conseladament e dagradable volentat, ab aquesta present escriptura ab nostre sagel sagelada per tots temps valedora, per nos e per tots los nostres successors a vos, amas (amats) nostres e feels, tots e sengles habitadors de la ciutat e de la ila de Mayorcha, e de qualqueus placia de les altres iles damunt dites, presents e esdevenidors, totes les franchees e inmunitats qualsevols a vos saeurere donam e atorgam, encara ara de nou ab alegre coratge e de franchea nostra libertat, aquels a vos tots e sengles loam, atorgam e de tot en tot per tots temps confermam, axi com mils e pus plenerament en vostres privilegis e franchees de nos a vos liberalment dades e atorgades es contengut. Atenens encara e ensobre atorgans de nostra reyal seyoria per nos e per tots successors nostres, que totes heretats e possessions qualquequals alcun de vos ha, o daqui avant aura, en tot lo regne nostre Darago e de Cataluya, e en qualqueus placia altre loc de la nostra Seyoria, sien per tots temps franches e liures e quities de tota host e cavalcada, e de reenso, e encara de tota questa e paria, e de peyta, de tolta, e de forsa e da empriu, de servii, e de secors, e de tota exaccio reyal e veynal, e de demanda que dir o nomenar se pusca en qualque manera. Empero lo posseydor de la heretat e de la possessio fassa corporal estatge en la ciutat o en la ila de Mayorcha, o en qualqueus placia de les altres yles damunt dites. Manans e fermament stablens a Seyors, a maydomens, a rebosters, a merins, a justicies, a jurats, a jutges e alcaldes, a sabalmedins, a vegers, a batles, a consols, e a saygs, e a tots altres sotsmeses nostres, e officials nostres establits e a establir, presens e esdevenidors, que aquesta carta de nostra confermacio e de franchea de nos liberalment feta e atorgada, bona e ferma ayen e observen, e a tuit, e en tot loc sens corrompiment fassen per tots temps observar, e que contra noy venguen, ne negu noy lexen venir contra, sis fien de la nostra gracia e amor. Dada a Leyda X dies a la exida de mars en layn de M.CC.XXXII. = Seyal + den Jacme per la gracia de Deu Rey Darago, etc. = Testimonis daquesta cosa son: Examen Dorrea: Pelegri de Castelazol: Sans Dorta: Assaelit de Gudal: en Bg., Bisbe de Leyda: en G. de Monchada: Ato de Tosses, mayordons Darago: Lop Ferrenc de Lurenic. = Seyal + den P. de Sentmelio escriva, qui aso de manament del Seyor Rey escrisc per en P. Sans notari seu, el loc, el dia e en layn damunt dits.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De VI. Jurats.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sapien tuit que nos en Jacme per la gracia de Deu Rey Darago, etc. per nos e per los nostres atorgam a vos tots e sengles prohomens e a la universitat de Mayorcha, presents esdevenidors per tots temps, que lega a vos aver per tots temps VI jurats, habitadors empero de la ciutad de Mayorcha e del regna: e lega a aquels jurats governar e aministrar e reger tota la ila a feeltat e a profit nostre, e cominal profit de la universitat. Los quals Jurats pusquen eleger, aver, apelar conselers cada ayn aytans e aquals ques volran, e de totes coses que en aquel ayn aquels Jurats faran a utilitat nostra, e a regiment de la ciutat e de la ila, e dels habitadors dela, de lur offici ab consel de lurs conselers, qui ensems ab los dits conselers apelats seran, serem nos pagats, e nols encolparem de re, ne lurs conselers, ne neguns los quals de consel ayen demanats sobre alcun fet; lo qual ayen fet e ordenat de paraula o de fet, dementre que aquels Jurats e lurs conselers en aqueles coses que ordenaran o aministrar lur covendra, fassen justament. Establens que cada ayn, en la festa de la Nativitat de nostre Seyor aquels Jurats que per temps i seran estats ab lo batle nre. ensems present e consintent, e ab consel de lurs conselers, elegen VI. Jurats habitadors de la ciutat e de la ila, los quals pus profitables e melors veuran e conexeran, segons sciencia e coneguda lur, dit ofissi a usar. E per ira, e per oy, per amor, per parentesc, per preu, per promessa, alcun profitable e aso segons lur coneguda no yaquesquen de leger; e quels axi dels elets, a Nos, si presens el regne seran, o al batle nre, si absens serem, ans que aministren, presentan. Los quals, com en poder nre, o en poder del batle apelats, o presens prohomens de la ciutat, juraran publicament segons que daval se conte. E negun dels Jurats no prena negun salari; mas de grat, e sens alcun preu, per aquel ayn que elet sera, a gobernament e aministraci de la ciutat sia tengut dentendre. E negun per neguna rao nos pusca escusar, ne occasio posar perque lo carrec el trebal del dit offici reeba. E aquel qui la I. ayn aura tengut lo dit offici, el segent ayn no tenga; e de I. alberc I. tan solament, e no mes, sien elets. E aquels Jurats sien tenguts dasudar (daiudar, d' ajudar) e de conselar al loctinent nre, e al batle, e al veger sobre totes coses en les quals seran requests dels a aconselar. Los quals Jurats en comensament de lur aministracio aquest sagrament faran: "Yo aytal promet que per mon poder e per ma sciencia, salva en totes coses la feeltat, el dret, e la Seyoria del Seyor Rey, procurare utilitat, e cominal profit de la ciutat e de regne de Mayorcha, e dels habitadors dela, e esquivare coses no utils e dampnoses, e no reebre preu ne salari. E yo, els altres compayons meus Jurats feels e utils conselers apelarem, e en nres. consels aurem; e en la fi del ayn per mon poder e per ma sciencia, tota ira, tot oy, tota temor, tot parentesc, tot temor (amor), tot servii, e tota esperansa de servii, e tot de fora gitat, ab los Jurats compayons, present lo batle e consintent, VI. prohomens de la ciutat e del regne habitadors per Jurats elegerem, los quals pus dignes conexerem a usar lo dit offici; e no pendrem jurisdiccio ordinaria ne arbitraria, e guardarem los drets del Seyor Rey. E aquestes totes coses sens frau e sens engan jur per Deu e per los sants evangelis ab les mans mies corporalment tocats.” Volem encara que cada ayn sia cavaler I. jurat daquels VI. Jurats. Les damunt dites empero totes coses otorgam a vos e als vostres per tots temps, de mentre que aquels Jurats be e feelment en aquel offici seran. Dada la carta a Valencia VII. dies a la entrada de Juliol en layn de M.CC.XL. = Seyal + den Jacme per la gracia de Deu Rey Darago, etc. = Testimonis son: G. de Monchada: En Carros: G. Danglerola: G. dagilo: R. Saguardia. = Seyal + de P. Andreu, qui per manament del Seyor Rey per en G. escriba notari seu, aso escriure feu el loc, el dia, e en layn damunt dit.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels Cavalers que pusguen comprar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sapien tuit que nos En Jacme, etc., per nos e per los nres. atorgam e donam licencia e liberal poder a vos tots e sengles Cavalers en la ciutat de Mayorcha, vuy poblats e pobladors, que puscats comprar o per altre qualqueus placia titol acaptar en la ila de Mayorcha possescions o altres rendes per preu de D. morabatins, de cavalers, de clerges, de ciutadans, o de qualqueus placia altres persones; Axi que nos ne negun nous pusca per rahon dalcuna covinensa, o de constitucio, o destabliment. E la compra, la qual per lo preu damunt dit fara cada u de vos, e la venda daquen a vos feta o faedora (leo faeodora), loam e otorgam, e per nos e per los nostres a vos e als vostres per tots temps confermam per alou propri, franc e liure; salu (salvo) lo dret e seyoria e feeltat nra. Dada la carta en la ost de Xativa, X. dies a lentrada de mayg en layn de M.CC.XL.IIII. Seyal + den Jacme, etc. = Testimonis son: March Ferris: Don Ladron: P. Lobera: Examen Peris: P. Dalcala. = Seyal + den G. escriva, qui per manament del Seyor Rey, per mestre Bn. notari seu, aso escriure feu, el loc, el dia, en layn damunt dits.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Carta de <b>franchea </b>de <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/12/cxxxviii-varia-i-liber-feudorum-alfon-15.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">leuda</a> e de <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/02/lxiii-reg-197-fol-176-2-septiembre-1300.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">peatge</a> per la terra del Seyor Rey.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/03/num-15-reg-1377-fol-52-21-abril-1340.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Sapien tuit</a> que nos en Jacme, etc., per nos e per los nres. atorgam e loam a vos feels nres. universes e pobladors de la ciutat e de la ila de Mayorcha totes franchees, los quals a vos en carta avem donades, segons que en la carta, la qual daquen vos feem, es contengut. E cor en la carta de les franchees damunt dites es contengut que siats franchs e liures de tota leuda e de peatge per tota la terra nostra, de la qual leuda e peatge per nos e per los nres. presens e esdevenidors, en Valencia, e en Cobliure, e en Denia, e en Barcelona, e en los altres locs de la nra. jurisdiccio que nos avem e tenim e posseim, vos els vostres absolvem. Manans axi a tots vegers e batles, e altres loc nre. tinens, que de negu de vos no prenen leuda ne peatge; ans siats daquen ab mercaderies vres. e ab coses totes aqueles, e cavalers qui aqueles per vos portaran, liures e francs seran. Dada la carta en la Ost de Xativa. X. dies en la entrada de mayg, en layn de M.CC.XL.IIII. = Seyal + den Jacme, etc. = Testimonis son: Examen Peris: Don Ladro: P. de Lobera: Martin Ferris: Examen de Tobia. = Seyal + den G. escriva, qui per manament del Seyor Rey, per maestre Bn. des Soler notari seu aso escriure feu, el loc, el dia, en layn damunt dits.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De la quartera.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sapien tuit que nos en Jacme, etc. Avens de proposit, que per consel de prohomens de Mayorches posassen quartera o quarteres en la dita ciutat de Mayorches en loc covinent e bo de la ciutat damunt dita: veens e conexens mes util, covinent e bo esser, aitambe a nos com a tots los pobladors de la ciutat e del regne de Mayorches, la dita quartera o quarteres deure edificar en lo loc on era acostuma de tenir, e sit en mercat en la ciutat de Mayorches; en lo qual loc lo Seyor en P. Infant de Portogal lavors Seyor del regne de Mayorches avia edificada e bostida quartera o quarteres, e en Blasco batle nre. avia posada ya la quartera o les quarteres, per so cor conexia e veya la quartera o les quarteres aqueles esser a cominal profit de la ciutat e dels prohomens daquela, e defore, e de tots los altres aqui vinens; avens de proposit e de volentat aqueles coses fer qui tornen a honor e a cominal profit de la dita ciutat e dels habitadors daquela: Per la qual cosa per nos e per tots los nres. de bon coratge e de bona volentat e de certa sciencia dam autorgam e loam liurament e absolta a vos prohomens ciutadans e habitadors de la dita ciutat, presens e esdevenidors, e especialment a vos prohomens qui en tors (torn) daquel loc sots poblats e avets cases e possessions e per tots temps en aquel loc en que es acustumat desser mercat de la ciutat de Mayorcha; en axi que prop los obradors den Bn. de Cardona, vers la part oriental, sia per tots temps la quartera o les quarteres a totes coses a mesurar, e un calesto o pes a pesar totes coses qui aqui eren acustumades de pesar; prometens a vos en bona fe sens engan, que del damunt dit loc no mudarem la quartera o les quarteres, el calesto damunt dit, o alcuns successors nres, no mudaran, o mudar a alcun no farem, o alcun sotsmes o tenent loc nre. no mudara; mas totes les damunt dites coses en lo dit loc per tots temps estaran. Regonexem empero aver reebut de vosaltres prohomens, qui entorn daquel loc avets cases o possesions, per so que les damunt dites coses perdurablament aqui sien, e nos muden en altre loc, ne en altra part, M.CC. sol. de malguireses; dels quals daquels ben pagat som e contenguts, on renunciam a tota excepcio de no nombrat aver e a tot engan. Manans als vegers e als batles e als altres sotsmeses nres., presens e esdevenidors, que les damunt dites coses observen, e fassen a tuit observar, e noy vengen contra, o alcu contravenir i jaquesquen. Dada a Terol IIII. nonas Dabril en layn de M.CC.XL.VII. = Seyal + den Jacme, etc. = Daso son testimonis: F. Lop: En P. Diez: R. Diez: R. Eneges: G. Datrosillo. = Seyal † den G. del Seyor Rey escriva e notari, qui per manament del aquestes coses feu escriure, e acloy, el loc, el dia, en layn damunt dits.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quels avocats que juren feeltat.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sapien tuit que nos en Jacme, etc., volens proveer a utilitat de la ciutat e del regne de Mayorches, establim per nos e per los nostres em per tots temps, quels avocats juren sots aquesta forma: "Yo aital jur que feelment e legalment en offissi davocacio maure, e negun plet, lo qual segons ma bona conciencia no just me parega, no reebre sots avocacio mia, ne sots ajuda mia, ne neguna cosa maliciosament no fare ne dire en negun plet reebut sots ma avocacio. E si en comensament, o el mig, o en la fi del plet a mi parra lo plet no just, aytantost o dire a aquel lo qual defendre, e contra ma bona conciencia en re no allegare. E neguna covinensa no fare, ab aquel lo qual ajudare, que neguna certa part de la cosa, de la qual sera plet, de ya esser mia; ne instruire ne enformare les parts sino de veritat a dir.”</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De clerge, que no sia avocat en cort seglar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Establim encara que negun clerge no avoc en cort seglar; e tots plets do quanta quantitat o condicio seran, sien fenits de tot en tot enfre III. meses de pus que comensats seran, si doncs nol covenia a alongar per raon de testimonis, o de cartes, o dabsencia de jutge.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De plets dapelacions.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Volem encara que plets de totes apelacions en II. meses sien fenits, si doncs testimonis, o cartes altres, o proves noy devia hom donar, qui fossen en altres locs; e lavors sia donat alongament oltra II. meses, segons quel loc sera layn.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De clerge que no sia notari poblic.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Encara establim que negun clerge qui port corona, ne que sia en sentes ordens, no sia notari public, ne fassa cartes pobliques, ne testamens, ne cartes nubcials, ne de negu fet; ans aqueles de tot juy e de creensa, de tot en tot, sien gitades. E si depus que aura pres offissi descrivania, sera fet clerge, o corona portara, sia gitat doffissi descrivania. E negun no sia rectut en scriuz poblic, si doncs en aquela vila o els burcs no avia propri heretament; ne sia poblic notari, si no ha mes de XXV. ayns, e lavors al Veger sia presentat. E per dos letrats en aquela matexa sciencia sia examinat; e si soficient sera atrobat a cartes a fer, sia reebut; e jur que sia feel e leyal en son offici. = Dada a Valencia lo derrer dia de Vuytubri en layn de M.CC.XL.VII. = Seyal + den Jacme, etc. =Testimonis daquesta cosa son: Examen Peris: B. de Monpestler: G. de Monchada: G. Despuig: G. Marti Doblites: = Seyal + den P. Andreu escriva, qui per manament del Seyor Rey, pen en G. escriva notari seu aso escrisc, el loc, el dia, e en layn damunt dits.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del dret de <a href="https://regnemallorca.blogspot.com/2021/04/sumari-c.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Portopi</a>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sapien tuit que nos en Jacme, etc.: per nos e per los nres. atorgam e donam a vos jurats, e als prohomens, e a la universitat de Mayorches empertots temps tot aquel dret que nos avem establit en Portopi per raon de guarda, e de la cadena, e per reparar, e per refer, e per escurar lo dit Port. En axi que qualque cosa per la raon damunt dita en lo dit Port se reeb, os deu reebre e acustumat es, ayats e tingats e reebats entegrament e poderosa; e puscats aqui a culir aquel dret posar quius volrets, e quals vos volrets. E cor sobre les damunt dites coses aviem feta donacio an Bg-assopart, revocam la dita donacio e atorgament a el daguen feta. Dada a Valencia VI. dies a lentrada de Juliol en layn de M.CC.XL. IX. = Seyal + den Jacme, etc. = Testimonis son: G. de Monchada: G. Danglerola: Carros: R. Saguardia: Bg. de Tornamira. = Seyal + den P. Andreu, qui per manament del Seyor Rey, per en G. escriva notari seu, aso escriure feu, e acloy el loc, el dia, e en layn damunt dits.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels habitadors de Mayorcha que no sien tenguts de trametre procurador foral regne.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sapient (Sapien) tuit que nos en Jacme, etc. per nos e per los nostres establim atorgam a vos tots pobladors e habitadors de la ciutat e de tota la ila del regne de Mayorcha, axi dels nostres, com de nics homens, de bisbes, de prelats, e de qualsqueus placia ordens, e daltra qualqueus placia seyoria, e als vostres e als lurs successors en per tots temps, que per alcuns plets criminals o civils no siats trets ne siats tenguts de trametre procurador o alcu fora la ila de Mayorcha, ne en altra manera respondre; mas responats e fassats compliment de dret enfre aquexa metexa ila per vos o per procurador, o per missatges vostres al seyors als quals serets tenguts de respondre.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que negun official de Seyor no pusca comprar possessio.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Atorgam encara a vos e als vostres per tots temps que tinent loc nostre, o batle, o veger, o alcun sustituit dels, aytant com sera en aquest offici, ne compre neguna possessio ne cosa inmoble per si ne per persona entrepossada; ne en frau daquestes coses neguna cosa no fassa, ne neguna accio de dret, ne de fet asi no fassa. E si fet sera, per dret o per otorgament nostre o dels nostres no contrastan, no vala.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que negun no sia tengut als Seyors de Cataluya.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ne siats tenguts a Seyors, si en Cataluya o en altre loc avets auts, reembre vostre a els alcuna cosa dar dementre que les honors o les possessions, les quals per aquels seyors tenges ya questats a els, no contratan contra aso alcuna custuma general o especial.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que mercat sia fet a dissabte.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Atorgam encara e establim que mercat sia, e sia fet per tots temps en la ciutat de Mayorcha cada dissabte.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De les usures dels jueus. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Atorgam encara a vos e als vostres per tots temps, que no siats tengut pagar a jueus per usures sino IIII diners per liura de diners el mes, e axi com pus plenerament es contengut en la carta o en les cartes de nos fetes sobre usures o contrats usurers fets e a fer entre crestians e jueus. Dada a Valencia a VI dies a lentrada de juliol en layn de nostre Seyor de M.CC.XL.IX. = Seyal + den Jacme, etc. = Testimonis son: P. de Teles: G. de Crexel: Examen de Fosses: G. de Monchada: en Carros. = Seyal + den P. Andreu, qui per manament del Seyor Rey per en G. escriva notari seu, aso escrisc el loc, el dia e en layn damunt dits.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quels batles dels capdals juren les franchees.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sapien tuit que nos en Jacme, etc., per nos e per los nostres atorgam a vos jurats e prohomens e a la universitat de Mayorcha, e establen declaram emper tots temps, que tots batles de barons e de nobles, que ayen honors en la ciutat de Mayorcha en la sua jurisdiccio, tota hora que i sien posats constituits, juren publicament sobre sants evangelis de Deu que serven en totes coses les franchees de Mayorcha que nos avem dades e atorgades, axi com los batles nostres les juren dobservar. Prometens que les justicies de la cort nostra de Mayorcha, criminals o civils no vendrem ne empeyorarem per neguna rao.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/05/lxix-reg-482-fol-74-22-ene-1330.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">exovars</a> de les <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/03/cxxii-colec-inter-ordinacions-cort-senyor-rey-arago-fol-179-17-feb-1388.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">fembres</a>.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Exovars e espoolicis de fembres que assignats sien, son e seran de lurs marits en honors, les quals los marits o les dites fembres tenen en feu, o ha sens o qualqueus placia altres que ayen honors el regne de Mayorcha, sien salus e segurs sens negun fermament dels seyors del feu o del censal, axi com si los seyors espressament los avien fermats e autorgats.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dons qui segira altre ab acordada pensa per rao dociure.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si alcun ab acordada pensa segira altre per raon de home a ociure per aquela metexa pena sia punit, per la qual lomeyer sera punit o ponir se deya.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De usures de crestians, de jueus e de sarrains.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Crestians, jueus e sarrains no prenen per usures sino IIII diners el mes per XX sol., jassia que ayen cartes, peyores o covinens en altra manera fetes. E depus que la usura sia egual al cabal, daqui avant la en nula manera no cresca per alongament ne per prescripcio de negun temps. Ans depus que la usura axi pagada sia egual al cabal per lo nostre veger sien destrets de retre les cartes e les peyores, e dabsolre les fermanses. En tots altres cases e capitols sia observat lestabliment que nos avem fet sobre les usures dels jueus.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De possessio que hom aya tenguda en pau X ayns.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E si alcu ha tengut o daqui avant tendra cases o qualqueus placia altra possessio a bona fe e ab just titol continuament per X ayns, seus (sens) demanda daltre, sens mala nou, sia daqui avant aquela sua; e aso entre mayors qui ayen legitima edat. Orfe empero o pobil, qui legitima edat no aya, o mayor de XIIII ayns, qui fora del regne de Mayorcha sera la prescripcio de X ayns, no li fassa preiudissi; e aytambe si en fre aquel temps que seran absens aura prescrit, les coses daquels qui seran presens, sien guardades de dan, axi com los absens contra los presens son conservats de dan.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tots los habitadors sien tenguts de respondre sots la cort de ciutat.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Volem encara e establim que cadau habitador del regne de Mayorcha sia tengut de respondre sots la cort de la ciutat de Mayorcha de fet de crim e de forfet, lo qual el regne de Mayorcha aya fet, o si en la ciutat de Mayorcha aura promes de pagar; axi que cada u daquels sots poder de la cort e dels batles de la ciutat de Mayorcha, sots los quals seran poblats, pledeyen e responen. Les dites totes coses e sengles emper tots temps per nos e per los nostres establim, e de tot en tot sien observades. Manam encara a vegers e a batles, e als loc nostre tinens, e a tots sotsmeses nostres, presens e esdevenidors que totes les dites coses e sengles fermes ayen e observen, e noy vengen en contra, ne negun noy lexen venir. Dada a Leyda XII dies a la exida dagost en layn de M.CC.LI. = Seyal + den Jacme, etc. = Testimonis son: G. de Monchada: P. Cornel: Examen de Fosses: P. de Monchada: Sans Dantilo: R. de Monchada: P. Marti de Luna. = Seyal + den G. Sarocha, qui per manament del Seyor Rey per en G.. escriva notari seu, aso escrisc el loc, el dia e en layn damunt dits.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Com lo Rey trames linfant en Jacme a Mayorcha.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En Jacme per la gracia de Deu Rey Darago, etc.: als amats e feels seus prohomens, e a tota la universitat de la ciutat e de tot lo regne de Mayorcha: saluts e gracia. Sapiats que nos trametem a Mayorcha lo kar fil nostre Infant Don Jacme, hereu del regne de Mayorcha e de Monpestler. Per que a vos fermament deym e manam, que vistes aquestes presens letres a el jurets e homanatge fassats, que apres obte (óbito) (f. a praecepte) nostre ayats e tingats el tots temps, e no negun altre en Rey vostre e en Seyor natural. Dada a Valencia II dies a lentrada dagost en layn de M.CC.LVI.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En data de Valencia 2 de agosto de 1256 confirma el privilegio de franquicia de leuda y peaje dado más arriba.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Confermacio de privilegis e de libertats.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cor (com) totes les libertats e gracies, que dels Reys e dels Princeps son donades e les lurs gens e atorgades, acustumaren que per so que no fossen oblidades, fossen totes escrites, per so en nom de Deu: Sapien tuit presens e esdevenidors, que nos en Jacme per la gracia de Deu Rey Darago, etc.: Atenens per molts e agradables e plaens serviis que vos, prohomens e la universitat de la universitat de Mayorches, a nos entro asi en moltes maneres avets curat de fer, e encara la feeltat, la qual enves nos en tots nostres negocis vos sots estudiats daver: per nos els nostres successors, ab aquesta present carta per tots temps valedora, loam, atorgam e confermam a vos feels nostres prohomens e a la universitat de la ciutat de Mayorches damunt dits, e a tots los pobladors e habitadors de tot lo regne de Mayorches, ay tambe presens com esdevenidors, tots los privilegis e sengles, e les libertats e franchees totes, e inmunitats de nos a vos atorgades e als antecessors vostres entro a aquest dia atorgades, axi com en les cartes les quals daquen de nos avets mils e pus plenerament es contengut.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Confermacio de cavaleries e de heretats.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Loam encara, atorgam e confermam a vos e als vostres per tots temps les donacions, els atorgaments de les cavaleries, e de les altres heretats e possessions per nos atorgades e donades a vos e als antecessors vostres, axi com el capbreu daquen de nos fet pus plenerament es contengut. E les donacions aytambe totes, etc.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De sagel.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Encara com covinent cosa sia e raonable a rao quascuna ciutat sagel propi de comunitat aver; volem e atorgam a vos, prohomens e a la universitat de la ciutat de Mayorches damunt dits per tots temps, que puscats fer e aver vos els vostres successors sagel propri de la comunitat de la ciutat damunt dita, en lo qual de la una part sia lo seyal nostre, e en la altra part lo seyal del castel nostre de la Almudayna de Mayorches. Ab lo qual sagel les letres de la dita universitat leerosament puscats sagelar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De cequier.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Donam encara per nos o per los nostres, e atorgam a vos e als vostres, que liurament e francha e sens empatxament e contradiment de neguna persona puscats posar e metre e establir cequier dayn en ayn, qui guart e men laygua de la cequia a Mayorches a cominal utilitat de la ciutat e de la terra de Mayorches. E que quascun de vosaltres puscats menar e menets laygua a regar e a usos vostres per locs en los quals menys prejudici fassats a altres e dampnatge.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que es enorme crim.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Encara, com dalcunes paraules en aquestes, so es a saber, enorme crim en vostres costumes e cartes contengut es, que enorme crim sia, molt hom dupte; aso per la present carta departim e en aquesta manera declaram: que enorme crim es antes de crim de lesa magestat, e de crim de falsa moneda, e de crim de retgia (heretgia), e de crim o de malefici, per lo qual alcuna persona pena de mort o corporal deya sostenir; e axi enorme crim deure esser entes daqui avant dels damunt dits crims, e no en altra manera o establim.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dalargament de deute.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Encara per nos e per los nostres a vos e als vostres atorgam e establim per tots temps que si alcu dalcu deute, per lo qual sia tengut et obligat, e una vegada de nos o dels successors o hereus nostres sera alongat, e puys altre daquel metex deute especialment o ensems ab altres deutes aura acabat alongament, aquel segon alongament, quant a aquel deute, de qual ja una vegada es estat alongat, no tenga prou a el, ne per la nostra cort no sia observat; ans daquel fassa fer al seu creedor, e a aquel aytambe qui comanda li a feta, de la qual ja una vegada sera estat alongat, treument e sees plet compliment de justicia. E aso en la ciutat e en lo regne de Mayorches volem e establim axi emper tots temps esser observat.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De stablit a mes o a meyns loysme.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Encara atorgam a vos e als vostres, que tots e sengles aquels qui tenen o daqui avant tendran casas, heretats o altres possessions a cert loysme, e aquels en tot o en partida a altre o a altres volram (volran) establir a semblant o a mes o a meyns loysme, pusquen aso fer axi com se volra; salu lo loysme e tot lo dret del seyor mayor, segons que en la carta del primer acapte es contengut.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De trer partes o demparar meyns de Seyor.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Encara atorgam a vos e als vostres, e volem e establim per tots temps, que si alcun tendra cases o altres heretats o possessions daltre a cert sens (cens) o tribut, o a alcuna altra servitut, e aqueles aura establides en tot o en partida a altre o a altres a cert cens o tribut, e aquel o aquels, aqui o aquals aqueles aura establides, lo sens aquel ol tribut al terme establit pagar no li volra, aquel establidor pusca aqueles heretats o possessions emparar, e portes daqueles cases trer per lo seu cens o tribut per sa propia auctoritat, el pagan al Seyor mayor, per lo qual aqueles coses te, lo cens ol tribut que a el daqueles coses sia tengut defer (de fer). E aso volem que sia axi daqui avant en la ciutat e en la ila de Mayorches per tots temps observat.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Com deu hom bandeyar per fet denorme crim, e hom qui aya reebuda comanda.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Encara volem e establim e manam, que si alcun aura fet alcun enorme crim de nos damunt declarat, sia bandeyat per la ciutat de Mayorches damunt dita, e per les parroquies de la Ila fora aquela ciutat. E pus que alcun, axi com dit es, bandexat sera, qualque persona aquel en la ciutat o en la Ila de Mayorches sostendra o recolira scientment, sia en la merce nra. e dels nres. hereus o successors encorreguda ab tots los seus bens.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per deute empero o comanda o per altres contrats de obligacio o promissio fets entre qualsqueusplacia persones, la cort enquira, o enquerir fassa aquel deutor o tenidor de comanda, o en altra manera obligat per la ciutat e per la Ila de Mayorches; e empar a aquel tots los seus bens, e man e amonat a cascun dels seyors de les naus e dels leyns, que aquel de la yla no tragen. E a la perfi si la Cort aquel deutor o tenidor de la comanda o per altres contrats damunt dits obligat segons que dit es, aqueles coses axi fetes, trobar nol pot, bandeg aquel sots pena de LX. sol. en la qual caya qualque qual aquel bandeyat apres lo bandexament fet sostendra o aculira scientment.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De dret dentrada de cases o daltres possecions.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Encara agitar (a gitar) tota materia de duptansa volem e atorgam a vos e als vostres, e establim per tots temps, que si alcu aura establit a alcun o a alcuns alcunes honors, cases o altres heretats o possessions, los quals o les quals daltre tendra a sens o tribut, o a altra servitut, e daquen alcuna cosa aura reebuda per entrada, daquela entrada aya lo seyor mayor la tersa part, e aquel qui daquel seyor mayor aqueles tendra, les romanens dues parts. E en axi lo seyor mayor la carta o les cartes daital establiment o establiments fets, salu son dret, sia tengut de fermar. De vendes empero, alienacions, e altres contrats de cases e de heretats e altres possessions, sia fet e observat axi com tro asi es acustumat de fer, e si doncs certa quantitat o cert loisme no era posat en les cartes dels acaptes primers; de les quals cartes les covinenses e les condicions, axi con en aqueles es contengut, volem establim esser observades.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De questio dofficials de Seyor.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Encara per so cor los officials nostres alcuns plets alongaven determenar alcunes vegades, estoyans aquels a nos o al hereu nostre, per la qual cosa alcuns deyen si esser agrevyats; volem e establim per tots temps per nos els nostres, que sil veger ol batle o alcun del nostre o del successors o hereus nostres, o loc tinent, fara o moura per raon de seyoria o del offici seu a alcun o a alcuns alcuna questio o demanda civil o criminal o daltra manera, sia tengut aquel plet o questio termenar per sentencia ab consel, so es a saber, axi com es custuma, de prohomens de la ciutat, dins IIII. meses nombrats depus que la questio o plet sera moguda; si doncs lo dit plet o questio nos covenia a prolongar per raon legítima de testimonis, o per empaiment de mar, per lo qual segurament a les parts de Monpestler o de Cataluya passar no posquen. E oltra los dits IIII. meses los dits plets o questions, sino axi com dit es, no pusquen esser alongats. Les quals coses, si oltre lo dit establiment nostre eren alongades oltra lespay de IIII. meses, no sien de neguna valor; si doncs no eren ab volentat daquel contra lo qual lo dit plet o la questio fos moguda. Salus empero en totes coses los manaments nostres e dels hereus o successors nostres.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De compayia de Seneses no sia el regne.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Encara volens e desiyans cominal utilitat dels ciutadans e dels habitadors de la ciutat damunt dita e de la yla, volem e atorgam a vos, e establim empertots temps, e manam que alcuna compayia dels Seneses, dels Florentins, dels Plasentins, e dels Luqueses no sia reebuda, ne sia daqui avant en la ciutat o en alcun loc del regne de Mayorches, ne alcun de la compayia dels damunt dits no pusca fer residencia o habitacio continua en la ciutat o en la yla damunt dita.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quels cavalers meten en tot comu.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Encara atorgam a vos e establim per tots temps ques cavalers e tots los altres qui alcunes heretats o possessions han comprades, o en altra manera guaayades, del realenc nostre dels homens del nostre servii de la ciutat de Mayorches o daquela metexa yla, o daltres, pagen e pagar sien tenguts, aytambe els, com los homens lur poblats en aqueles heretats e possessions, les quals del realenc nostre an comprades e tenen en tot comun e en tot veynatge de la ciutat damunt dita.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que los habitadors pagen en tot comu.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Encara volem e atorgam a vos, e establim per tots temps, que tot ciutada e habitador de la ciutat de Mayorches, pac e pos la sua part en tot comu e veynatge de la ciutat damunt dita, per cases e heretats e possesions que ayen en la ciutat de Mayorches, e els termes daquela; salu lo sens o logrer (loguer, lloguer) dels seyors; e per tot lo mobil lur en qualque loc layen. Exceptats empero aqueles cases, heretats o possessions, que tenen per los nobles, o capdals, e per la sgleya e per ordens fora la ciutat.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels homens dels capdals que pagen en comu.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Encara atorgam a vos, e establim per tots temps, que tots los homens dels nobles, o dels capdals, e de ordens, e dels clerges, e de cavalers, e de totes altres persones de la ciutat e del regne de Mayorches, meten e pagen lur part per los bens lurs en reparar e obrar los murs els vals de la ciutat de Mayorches, e en les talayes, e en armament de mar e de terra a defensio de la ciutat e del regne de Mayorches damunt dit, quantquequant, so es a saber, e quantesque vegades lo cominal de la ciutat damunt dita aquestes coses fara. E aytambe tots e sengles aquels nobles, capdals, ordens, clerges, e cavalers, e tots altres, qui daquela cequia de Mayorches regen o regaran, pagen lur part per les heretats e possessions, les quals daquela regen o regaran, en despeses, e messions, e en tots necessaris a reparar e a nedeyar la font e la cequia damunt dita. Manas fermament a batles, a vegers, a corts, e a tots altres officials e sots meses nostres, presens e esdevenidors, que les damunt dites coses fermes ayen e observen, e fassen sens revocacio observar, etc. Dada a Mayorches IX. dies a la exida (leo exita) de Juliol en layn de M.CC.LX.IX. = Seyal + den Jacme, etc. = Testimonis son: Jacme de Senta Eugenia, Sagrista de Mayorcha: Michel Nunis: Bg. de Tornamira: G. de Monciscart: P. Nunis. = Seyal + den Simon de Sent Feliu, qui per manament del dit Seyor Rey aquestes coses escrisc ab lo sobre post en XXX.II. linea, on diu extra civitatem, e acloy el loc, el dia, e en layn damunt dits.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sapient tuit que nos en Jacme, etc., per nos e per los nostres donam e atorgam a vos prohomens e a la universitat de la ciutat e del regne de Mayorcha, e a tots e sengles daquela universitat e del regne, axi presens com esdevenidors, per tots temps, que en la ciutat o el regne de Mayorcha no sia fet vet de blat de nos ne de nostres successors, ne de negu veger, ne de batle, ne de loc nostre o dels nostres tenent presens e esdevenidors, sino dementre que carestia sera en la terra de Mayorcha.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del blat quis vendra a la quartera.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Donam encara e atorgam a vos e als vostres per tots temps, que quan alcu vendra blat a altre, e mesurat lo dit blat al comprador alcuna quantitat del blat romandra engir (en gir) de la quartera, o el contorn on se mesurara, sia daquel quel dit blat aura venut; e nos, nels nostres, ne batles, ne officials nostres, ne compradors de la quartera nostra, aquel blat romanent en gir o el contorn de la quartera retenir no puscan; pagant empero a nos e als nostres lo dret nostre, ol mesuratge acustumat.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De fruit vert quis vena.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Encara donam e atorgam a vos e als vostres successors, que de negu fruit vert quis vena en cisteles, no sia demanat, ne pres negun dret, ne nos nels nostres, nels officials nostres daquen negun dret demanar no puscan; mas de tots fruits secs, quis vendran, sia pres dret, lo qual tro asi es acustumat de reebre.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De la guaita de la ciutat.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Atorgam encara e donam a vos, emper tots temps establim, que la guaita de la ciutat de Mayorcha fassen o sien tenguts de fer los prohomens els habitadors de la ciutat damunt dita; axi quel veger nostre, o aquel que el se volra en loc de si, pusca esser e sia a aquela guayta, si esser hi volra; e nos, nels nostres successors, ne veger, ne altres officials nostres, aquela guayta a alcun ne a alcuns no donen ne venan, ne donar ne vendre no puscan, ne vos aytambe aquela dar ne vendre no puscats.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De fermansa de dret.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Encara atorgam e donam a vos e als vostres per tots temps que de tot hom, del qual clam sia aut o fet, sia reebuda fermansa de dret segons la quantitat del clam. E que negu no sia pres per clam daltre, dementre que fermar volra o asegurar dret, axi com dit es; exceptat que per crim de lesa magestat, o si de mort sera acusat, o demanat, o denunciat.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De questio de batle o de officials altres.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Establim encara per nos e per los nostres, que si veger, o batle, o altres officials, o loc nostre tenens o dels nostres successors, mouran contra alcu questio alcuna o demanda civil o criminal, aquela questio o questions sien termenades enfre XL dies del dia de la questio moguda; si donc no la covenia dalargar per raon de testimonis qui fossen en locs luyns; lo qual alongament se fassa segons quel loc sera luyn on los testimonis seran.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quels prohomens sien a la examinacio.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Atorgam encara a vos e establim, que sien a la examinacio daquela questio los prohomens de Mayorcha, qui no sien de part, segons que en los altres plets an acustumat saenrere de esser.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quel Seyor segon pusca emparar e trer portes.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Encara atorgam a vos e als vostres, e establim per tots temps, que si alcuns terratinents ara o daqui avant terres o cases o altres possessions a cert scens per segon seyor, no pagaran al terme establit aquel scens a aquel seyor (segon) seyor, al qual lo cens se deura, pusca ab sa propria auctoritat, e sens licentia de cort, e de seyor mayor, aquels terratinents peyorar e trer portes de les cases o daltres possessions, les quals per e a sens se tendran, per lo sens qui degut li sera, entro quel dit sens li sera pagat.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De manament contra franchees.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Encara atorgam e donam a vos e als vostres per tots temps, que si nos o nostres successors alcun manament farem daqui avant a vegers, a batles, o a altres officials de Mayorcha contra les franchees els privilegis vostres, e aquel qui del nostre manament se sintra agreviat, volra venir davant nos o davant los nostres successors, aquels veger, batle, o altres officials sien tenguts destar e estien de menar a acabament lo nostre manament e dels nostres, entro que la part, qui dira si esser agreviada per raon daquel manament nostre, sia venguda davant nos ols nostres o dia covinent, qui a el daquel veger o de batle o de official de nos o dels nostres li sera assignat; e nos ols nostres sobre aclo (sic) ayam fet manament.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que crestians preses no estien ansems ab jueus.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Encara atorgam a vos e als vostres, e establim per tots temps, que crestians e jueus qui preses seran tenguts en la preso de Mayorcha, no tenga hom preses en una casa; mas crestians en una casa e jueus en altra sien tenguts preses. E si alcun honrat home, o fembra honrada pres o preso sera tengut aqui, no sien tenguts en la casa on los homens o les fembres de poca valor seran tenguts; mas sien tenguts e guardats en altra casa departidament, en la casa de la preso damunt dita.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que veger negu pusca esser per rao de compra.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Encara donam e atorgam a vos els vostres, e establim per tots temps, que nuyl hom no pusca esser veger de Mayorcha per raon de compra, ne de prestet; mas lo veger qui aqui sera, sia establit per nos o per los nostres successors sens condicio de venda o de prestet. Manans fermament a veger e a batle de Mayorcha, e a altres officials e sots messes (sotsmeses) nostres, axi presens com esdevenidors, que les dites totes coses e sengles fermes ayen e observen, e noy vengen contra, ne negun noy lexen venir contra per nuyla rao. Dada la carta a Valencia XIII dies a la exida dagost en layn de nostre Seyor de M.CC.LXXIII. = Seyal + den Jacme, etc. = Testimonis son: P. Ferrandis: Ferris de Lissana: P. Jorda de Roden: P. Marti de Luna: Bn. G. Dentensa. = Seyal + den Simó de Sent Feliu, qui per manament del Seyor Rey damunt dit, aso escriure feu e acloy, el loc, el dia e en layn damunt dits.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De la ribera e de la plasa del moyl.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sapien tuit que nos en Jacme, etc., per nos e per los nostres donam e atorgam a vos prohomens e a la universitat de la ciutat de Mayorcha, etc., a us vostre e de tots aquels qui aqui vendran, la ribera e plassa del moyl de la mar de la ciutat de Mayorcha damunt dita; axi, so es a saber, que negun daqui avant per atorgament de nos e dels nostres successors per nula altra rao, no pusca ne gos fer ne obrar ne construir casa ne cases, ne obradors, ne negu altre edifici en la dita ribera o plassa del moyl damunt dit; mas romanga tots temps aquela ribera o plassa liura e francha, e sens tot empatxament a vos e als vostres successors per tots temps, a usos vostres e daquels qui vendran a la ciutat damunt dita. Manans fermament a veger, e a batle de Mayorcha, e a tots altres officials etc. que les dites coses fermes ayen, etc. Dada la carta a Valencia XII dies a la exida dagost en layn de M.CC.LXXIII. = Seyal + den Jacme, etc. = Testimonis son: P. Marti de Luna: P. Ferrandis: Bn. G. Dentensa: Terris de Lissana: Carros, Seyor de Yebolet. = Seyal + den Simon de Sent Feliu, qui etc.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Con la misma fecha confirma la escritura y privilegio sobre la elección de Jurados.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Confirma todos los privilegios y franquicias en general, concedidos hasta ahora. Dada a Leyda XII dins mars a lentrada en layn de M.CC.LXXIIII. = Testigos: R. de Monchada, Seyor de Fraga: Garcia Ortis de Assara: G. R. de Monchada: Bn. G. Dentensa: P. Marti de Luna. = Escrivano Bertomeu Saporta.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De diffinicio de fila.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sapien tuit que nos en Jacme, etc., per nos e per los nostres donam e atorgam a vos, prohomens, e a la universitat de Mayorcha, presens e esdevenidors, per tots temps, e encara establim, que si diffinicio sera feta a alcun de vos o dels vostres dalcuna fila vostra, aquela en edat legitima constituida e qui marit aya, de consel e dassentiment del marit seu, e en poder de son marit estant, daqui avant no pusca demanar contra son pare nels bens seus, ne contra los hereus seus, per raon de legitima, en vida de son pare ne en mort, ne peticio ne demanda fer no hi pusca; ans la diffinicio que per e la feta sera, plenera fermetat aya, dementre empero que son marit no sia orat. Manans a vegers, a batles, a jurats, e a tots altres officials, etc., que les dites totes coses fermes ayen e observen, etc. Dada la carta a Leyda XII dies dins mars alentrada en layn de M.CC.LXXIIII. = Seyal + den Jacme, etc. = Testimonis son: </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">R. de Monchada: Bg. Danglerola: G. R. de Monchada: Jacme de Cervera: P. de Berga (Seyor de Fraga). = Seyal + den Bertomeu Saporta, qui per manament, etc.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De jueus que no gosen prestar sobre peyores de catius ne de catives.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sapien tuit que nos en Jacme, etc. per nos e per los nostres atorgam a vos prohomens, etc., quels jueus de la ciutat e de la ila de Mayorcha no gosen daqui avant negun prestet liurar sobre peyores de alcu o alcuns catius o catives vostres. E si per aventura era trobat que alcuns jueus, contra aquesta constitucio nostra, peyores alcunes reebesen dalcun o dalcuns catius, perden aqueles peyores; axi que sens tot cabal al seyor del catiu o dels catius sien retudes. Manans a batle, e a veger, etc., que les dites totes coses fermes ayen, etc. Dada a Leyda XII dies dins mars alentrada, en layn de M.CC.LXXIIII. = Seyal † den Jacme, etc. = Testimonis son: G. R. de Monchada: P. de Berga: R. de Monchada, Seyor de Fraga: Bn. G. Dentensa: P. Marti de Luna. = Seyal + den Bertomeu Saporta, qui per etc.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels habitadors de Mayorcha que sien tenguts de metre en tota culita.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sapien tuit que nos en Jacme, etc. per nos e per los nostres donam e atorgam a vos prohomens e a la universitat, etc., que tota hora que ses devenga de fer alcuna culeta (culita, cullita) en Mayorcha per alcuns fets qui sien a profit e a utilitat de la ciutat e de la ila de Mayorcha, sien tenguts de pagar en aquela tots e sengles habitadors de la ciutat e de la ila damunt dita, qui alcunes honors o posesions per nos e per lo fil nostre Infant en Jacme tenen, sia que aqueles honors sien estades del realenc o al realenc sien pervengudes per raon de compra o per altra manera. E que tots encara e sengles avocats, jutges e legistes de la ciutat damunt dita exceptats clerges, en Bn. Dalmau tan solament, sien tenguts de pagar lur part en aqueles.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tots sien tenguts de metre en armament.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Encara per nos e per los nostres atorgam, etc., que tota hora que ses devenga fer armament en Mayorcha a defensio de la terra, que tots e sengles habitadors en la ciutat e en la ila de Mayorcha, axi cavalers, con altres, sien tenguts de pagar lur part en les mecions e en les despeses, les quals per raon daquel armament fer covendra.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De mecions de reparar mur.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Encara donam e atorgam, etc., que tots e sengles habitadors de la ciutat de Mayorches pagen e sien tenguts de pagar lur part en totes despeses e mescions, les quals per reparacio de murs de la ciutat damunt dita, o per ocasio de vals de la farets; e encara si per aygues a menar a la ciutat davant dita mescions alcunes farets o despeses, que tots e sengles qui daquela aygua usaran, o profit pendran daquela, en aqueles mescions e despeses lur part sien tenguts de pagar. Manans a batles, a veger, etc., que les dites coses fermes ayen, etc. Dada a Leyda XII dies dins mars alentrada, en layn de M.CC.LXXIIII. = Seyal + den Jacme, etc. = Testimonis son: G. R. de Muncada: Bn. G. Dentensa: P. Marti de Luna: R. de Muncada, Seyor de Fraga: Garcia Ortis de Assagra. = Seyal + den Bertomeu Saporta, etc.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El infante D. Jaime, hijo del Rey de Aragón y heredero del reino de Mallorca y de Mompeller por sí y por sus sucesores, confirma con juramento todas las franquezas y libertades que su padre concedió a Mallorca, y también las caballerías y donaciones hechas por el mismo. Hízose escritura en Mallorca en la iglesia de Santa Eulalia, XI dies a la exida dagost en layn de M.CC.LVI. Fueron testigos: En R. per la gracia de Deu, bisbe de Mayorcha: F. Garces de Roda: P. Nunis: Blasco Periz: Rodric Yanes: A. de Torrelles: Marti Periz desi: Ferran Yanes: Aries Yanes Bg. de Tornamira: Vidal de Besuldo. = Escribano Bn. de Lussa.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Otra escritura, fecha a Mayorcha a XI. dies dins mars a lentrada en layn de M.CC.L.VI., en que aprueba la confirmación de todas las franquezas de Mallorca, hecha por su padre. Prestó juramento de guardarlas fielmente en ma del honrat en Xpst pare en R. per la gracia de Deu bisbe de Mayorcha, en lesgleya de Sta. Eulalia davant tot lo poble generalment. = Testigos: Blasco Periz: A. Burget: Ferando Yanes: Bg. De Tornamira: Aries Yoanes: Sans Jorda: P. Nunis: Vidal de Besuldo. Ess.no Bn. Darters, notario público de Mallorca.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Muerto el Rey Don Jaime de Aragón, su hijo el Infante Don Jaime, intitulándose ya Rey de Mallorca, Conde de Rosellón y de Cerdaña, y Señor de Mompeller, confirmó con juramento todos los privilegios concedidos a sus vasallos. Y al fin de la escritura dice: E cor sagel del regne nostre encara no aviem fet fer, aquesta present carta al sagel nostre acustumat avem feta sagelar. Dada a Mayorcha XII. dies dins Setembre a lentrada en layn de M.CC.LXX.VI. = Testigos: Gauceran Durt: Bg. A., batle e tenent loc nostre en Mayorcha: Aries Janes: Michel Nunis: A. batle, savi en dret. = Ess.no P. de Caules.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que la quarta part del loisme sia dels terratinents.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sapien tuit presens e esdevenidors que nos en Jacme per la gracia de Deu Rey de Mayorcha, Comte de Rossello e de Cerdaya, e Seyor de Mompestler, atenens devota feeltat e acabament, la qual vos feels nostres, prohomens, ciutadans, e habitadors de la ciutat e del regne de Mayorcha a nos avets, e saenrere auda avets, e a vostres molts merits e serviis per custuma reyal guaardo e vos de dons e de guaardons bons e de bons melors fer cobeeyans, de especial gracia, de reyal benignitat, per nos e per los nostres donam e atorgam a vos davant dits, feels e devots nostres ciutadans e habitadors de la ciutat e del regne de Mayorcha, axi presens com esdevenidors, e atorgam establim, que daqui avant lo primer terratinent, els altres apres daquel segens, qui alcunes honors a cens. O agrer tendran, ayen la quarta part del loisme al primer seyor pertayens de tots establimens e dentrades donors, so es a saber, de totes vendes, destablimens, e de qualsqueus placia altres alienacions; exceptats loismes dentrades de novels establimens, dels quals res del loisme no aya lestablidor de nou. E la dita quarta part sia partida entre tots los terratinents, e per eguals parts, sots la forma damunt contenguda. Daso empero exceptam honors qui sien a certs loismes establides; cor del dit cert loisme lo seyor mayor neguna part no sera tengut de dar a aquels qui per el tenen o tendren coses emphiteothes, o a cert agrer establides.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que tot hom pusca donar a sos fils en temps de nupcies honors sens loisme.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Encara donam a vos e atorgam, e per tots temps establim, que tot hom qui honors a cens o a cert agrer tendra, pusca les dites honors, a certa moneda o preu estimats, a sos fils donar, sens loisme e sens negu consentiment dels seyors, en temps de nupcies.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quels infants pusquen partir lurs honors sens loisme.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Encara donam e atorgam a vos e als vostres per tots temps, que si alcuna honor emphiteota, o qui a cens, o a agrer se tenga, e no sia partida, pervendra per successio de pare o de mare a fils de ledesme matrimoni procreats, ques pusca partir entrels per partides hereditaries, sens alcu loisme e consentiment negu dels seyors. E aso metex sia</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">servat si fils o files ledesmes de frares o de sors, qui morts sien, succeyran ab los damunt dits. Empero si per rao de la dita partio se covenia que alcun ne donas moneda a altre o altres, daquela moneda tan solament aya lo seyor son loisme acustumat.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De confermacio de honors.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Encara donam e atorgam, e per tots temps confermam a vos e als vostres, etc. (es confirmación de todos los establecimientos hechos por su padre, por él y sus bayles, etc).</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De crestia que no sia tengut de jurar a jueu.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Encara donam e atorgam e encara establim per tots temps que en contrasts fets e a fer entre crestians o jueus, negun crestia no sia tengut de jurar que el dit contrast, lestabliment del Seyor Rey de bona memoria, so es a saber, a rao de IIII. diners per lb. sobre guaayn a donar, sia observat.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De inquisicio especial.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Encara donam e atorgam a vos e als vestres per tots temps, e encara establim, que daqui avant enquisicio especial no sia feta especialment en la ciutat ne en la yla de Mayorcha contra negu, si doncs primerament aquel contra lo qual se deu fer la inquisicio no era citat o request; e que lavors veya jurar los testimonis sis volra, e pusca defendre axi com per dret sia faedor. Empero si sobre alcun crim o malefici se feeya enquisicio general, com per aventura el comensament no fos manifest, ne mostrar nos poges qui e quals especialment lo dit crim o malefici agessen fet, e per la dita inquisicio general apareges alcun esser colpable del dit crim o malefici, lavor pusca hom enantar per la dita enquisicio general contra aquel qui especialment colpable sera en aquela. Les dites empero totes coses e sengles, axi com damunt son espressades, per nos e per los nostres hereus e successors, a vos damunt dits prohomens, etc., donam e atorgam, etc. Manans, etc. E cor lo sagel del regne nostre encara no avem fet fer, aquesta present carta ab lo sagel nostre acustumat fem sagelar. Dada a Mayorcha XII. dies dins Setembre a lentrada en layn de M.CC.LXX.VI. = Seyal + den Jacme, etc. = Testimonis son: Aries Yanes: Michel Nunis: A. Batle, savi en dret: Gauceran Durt: Bg. A., batle e tenent loc del dit Seyor Rey en Mayorcha. = Seyal + den P. de Caules, qui per manament, etc.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">El Rey de Mallorca recibe de su hermano el de Aragón en feudo todo el reino de Mallorca, condados de Rosellón, Cerdaña, Conflent, Vallespir y Colliure; item el vizcondado de Omelades y el de Karlades, y el señorío de Mompeller, exceptuando los feudos que tenía por el Obispo e iglesia de Magalona; reconociéndose en todo por su feudatario él y sus sucesores, que deban hacer homenaje enviando mensajeros o procuradores (postats) de las capitulares de cada isla y condado en nombre del restante territorio. Ofrece que en Rosellón, Cerdaña, etc., corra la moneda Barcelonesa y no otra, y se observen los usajes de Barcelona: Retenim empero a nos e als nostres successors que puscam fer o fer fer sens contradiment o empatxament de vos e dels vostres el regne de Mayorcha e en les yles del ayaens moneda e monedes de non. Reservose también el derecho de poder él y sucesores poner peaje y nueva leuda en Mallorca, y el de percibir el bovaje en dichas tierras. El Rey Don Pedro recibió homenaje con estas condiciones. De todo se hizo escritura en la claustra de la casa dels frares preycadors de Perpiya. XII dies a lexida de Giner en layn de M.CC.LXXVIII. = Testigos: Roger Bn., Comte de Fox: Pons Saguardia: G. Deso: Bn. Danglerola: G. de Canet: Dalmau de Castelnou: A. de Corsavi: P. de Queralt.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En virtud del convenio anterior el Rey de Mallorca Don Jaime, ya feudatario del de Aragón, reunido público parlamento en la iglesia de Santa Eulalia de Mallorca, dio poder a aquella universidad para nombrar síndicos que fuesen ante el Rey de Aragón a prestarle el homenaje como a su señor mayor, y a prometer en nombre del reino el cumplimiento de la concordia anterior. Fueron electos: G. Torreela, Jacme de Sent Marti, cavallers: Robert de Belver, Bn. Valenti, Francesc Desclerge, Francesc Burget, Bn. de Saragossa y A. Burges. Aso fo fet IIII. idus de deembre en layn de M.CC.LXXIX. = Testimonis son: P., per la gracia de Deu bisbe de Mayorcha: Pons des Jardi, artiache de Mayorcha: G. de Miravals, cabiscol de Mayorcha: G. de Canet, Pons Saguardia, cavalers: Bn. des Olms, Bg. des Olms, cavalers: Bn. de Sobarber, Bn. de Palau, canonges de la Seu de Mayorcha, et alii privati homines.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Con la misma fecha dio sus poderes el Rey a los síndicos sobredichos para cumplir su encargo ante el Rey de Aragón, a cuyo efecto absuelve a todos los vecinos de este reino del homenaje que le tenían hecho a él. Idem testes.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A instancia de los jurados de Mallorca P. Saverdera, caballero, Bn. de Saragossa, Francesc Desclerge, G. Valenti, Bn. de Vich y Marti de Mayoles, reconoce el Rey D. Jaime y asegura que en la concordia con su hermano el de Aragón y en las condiciones en ella puestas no fue su ánimo perjudicar en nada ni agravar el vasallaje de los habitantes de Mallorca, cuyas libertades y privilegios confirma ahora de nuevo, y hace jurar en su nombre su observancia al noble barón G. de Canet. Hízose escritura de esto a VI dies a la exida de Giner en layn de M.CC.LXXXI.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Don Pedro Rey de Aragón confirma a la universidad de Mallorca el privilegio que les había concedido su padre de no pagar en todos sus reinos leudas, peaje y otras gabelas, cuya averiguación se hizo y se halló ser así. Fecha en Exea XI dies a la exida de setembre en layn de M.CC.LXXXIII. = Testigos: Nermengon, Comte D' urgel (Armengol, Hermenegildo): Blasco Examenis de Yerbe: P. Vera: P. Marti de Luna: en Alamayn de Gudal.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels homens de fora preses que no pagen mas de II diners.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sapien tuit que nos en Jacme per la gracia de Deu Rey de Mayorcha, Comte de Rosselo e de Cerdaya, e Seyor de Mompestles, per nos e per los nostres atorgam a tots los homens de la ila de Mayorcha fora la ciutat habitans, presens e esdevenidors, que per si o per missatges o per catius lurs, negun temps no sien tenguts de dar ne pagar per carcelatge de la preso, en la qual el o alam dels, o alcuns missatgers o catius lurs preses seran o detenguts, axi en la ciutat com de fora, sino II diners de reyals tan solament cada dia per cada persona, axi com los ciutadans els habitadors de la ciutat de Mayorcha donen e pagen lo carcelatge damunt dit. Volens e atorgans al dits homens e als lurs presens e esdevenidors, que de mayor quantitat a donar per rao de carcelatge pac los dits II drs. de reyals per cada persona cada dia, axi com damunt dit es, sien liures de tot en tot e francs, axi com los dits ciutadans e habitadors de la dita ciutat. Manans, etc. Feta a Perpiya VII dies a la exida de maig en layn de M.CC.LXXXIIII. = Seyal + den Jacme, etc. = Testimonis son: Jacme de Muree: Bg. Dolms: G. de Pugdorfila: Eymeric de Belvey: Ermengau Oliba, veger de Casteyo, doctor en lig.: A. de Lupia. = Seyal + den P. de Caules, etc.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De la paya e de la leya.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En Jacme per la gracia de Deu Rey de Mayorches, Comte de Rosselo e de Cerdaya, e Seyor de Monpestler: al baro noble e amat en Ponç Saguardia, tenentloc nostre en Mayorcha, saluts et dilectio. Manam vos que vos vistes aquestes presents, ordenets e establescats, que daqui avant totes les paylles et tota la leyna e les caves que seran portades a vendre a la ciutat sien tengudes a vendre en la plassa de Sent Andreu e no en altre loc. Encara que en tots los dissabtes en los quals es mercat de la damunt dita ciutat de Mayorches, sien venuts e tenguts a vendre en la dita plassa de Sent Andreu los draps del li, e el li, e el coto filat. Dada a Perpyna VII dies a la exida de mayg en layn de M.CC.LXXX quatre.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De les sentencies et de les apelacions.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En Jacme per la gracia de Deu Rey de Mayorcha, etc., a (al) baro noble a (e) amat en Pons Saguardia, etc. Vinen a la nostra presencia en Bn. Bertran, un dels jurats de la ciutat de Mayorcha de part dels jurats e dels promens de la ciutat damun dita, a nos soplega que manar deguessen (deguessem) que les sentencies de les apelacions sien donades ab conseyll dels prohomens de la dita ciutat, axi com les sentencies dels plets principals ab conseyl dels se donen. Nos empero, la dita suplicacio entesa, volem e manam que aquestes presens letres manets al batle e al veger de Mayorcha, que fassen quels jutges als quals los plets de les apelacions seran comanats, degen dar les sentencies daquels plets ab conseyll dels promens, los quals dejen apelar e aver a les dites sentencies a donar, et sots la forma les dites coses fets, e manats que daqui avant sien servades.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que avocat qui dret no aja apres, no men mas I plet.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aitambe manam a vos que negun advocat qui dret no aja apres, no men ne menar pusca en cort nostra sino un plet tan solament, entro que aquel sia determenat, e axi que daqui avant a I plet tan solament a menar, e no en altra manera, aital avocat en la nostra davant dita cort sia oyt e reebut. Dada a Perpiya II dies a la exida de mag. en layn del M.CC.LXXXIIII.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De la delma del bestiar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En Jacme, etc., al baro e amat en Pons Saguardia, etc.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Com de part del (dels) jurats e dels promens de Mayorcha a nos sia estat soplegat que establir degessem alcun temps covinent, en lo qual la delma del bestiar deya esser reebuda cada ayn, cor per trop triga, la qual aquels qui cuylen la dita delma fan en aquela a reebre e a culer, molts dans e greuges sen seguexen, segons que el dien; manam a vos que ab conseyll del honrat bisbe de Mayorcha, e daltres, lo fet tot ordenets, e establescats la dita delma ques deia reebre en temps covinent; e que los culidors de la dita delma en reebre aquela no usen mal, axi com a vos mils parra ques deja fer e conexerets que sia faedora. Sobrel fet empero daquela pena per nos posada en aquela ordenacio, la qual feem sobrel fet dels plets, en los quals son allegats testimonis fora lo regne de Mayorcha en parst (parts) luyn, que nos donen nes curen de dar el temps assignat, la qual pena nos ha estat request que dejam lexar; sapiats que quant a nos e a la nostra cort, la dita pena en tot ne en partida no volen que pertangua. Mas per rao desquivar calumpnies, malicies e diffugis, qui en plets sacustumen de fer et proposar, volem que la dita pena e la dita ordenacio posada, la qual la nostra cort aver devia, pertanga e sia donada a la part, contra la qual sera impetrada la dilacio damunt dita. E les dites coses servar fets, axi com damunt es dit. Esters manam a vos que manets e manar fassats a tots los notaris de la ciutat e de tota la ila de Mayorcha, que en tots los prestecs que crestians reeben de jueus, no reeben dels dits crestians sagrament, lo qual es acustumat de reebre dels de donar guayn al dits jueus oltra IIII diners per liura lo mes. Dada a Perpiyna II dies a la exida de mayg en lan de M.CC.LXXX quatre.<br /><br /><a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2023/04/xii-franquezas-mallorca-franquees-mayorches-privilegis-usatges-barcelona.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Continúa en latín aquí</a></span></p>Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1217969734972724911.post-53740485252503869472023-04-03T04:17:00.000+02:002023-09-28T19:14:35.440+02:00III. Rerum apud Maioricas gestarum ab anno 1372 ad 1408. <p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">III.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Rerum apud Maioricas gestarum ab anno 1372 ad 1408. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Chronicon ordinatum ex coevis notulis, quas Matheus Salzet, publicus Maioricarum tabellio, ad oram librorum, quos Protocola vocant, nunc <b>latino</b>, nunc <b><a href="http://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">vernaculo sermone</a></b>, prout res gerebantur appixit. (Vid. pág. 22.)</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Gratum posteritati munus.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Praedicti autem libri in cathedrali <b>Majoric</b>. asservantur.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Anno 1372: Die dominica, quae erat festum S. Jacobi, qua computabatur XXV. mensis julii, anno a Nativitate Domini M.CCC.LXX secundo, scitum fuit quod venerabilis crux auri, in qua erat de ligno sacratissimae verae Crucis Domini nostri Jhesu Christi, fuit a castro regio Maioricarum furtata. Et postmodum, facta diligenti indagatione, fuit dictum sacratissimum lignum repertum in hospitio Bartholomei Poncii, argenterii, die martii XXVII. dictorum mensis et anni. Et ob hoc fuit facta solemnis processio in dicta civitate usque ad dictum hospitium.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">1374. Die sabbati VII mensis octobris, anno a Nativitate Domini M.CCC.LXXIV., quatuordecim servi Sarraceni, et neophiti ac Tartari fuerunt suspensi per plateas civitatis ex eo quia voluerunt ignem ponere per diversa loca dictae civitatis et terram ac regnum Maioricarum sibi ipsis retinere, ac Regi Sarracenorum tradere, Dominum Regem Aragonum inde penitus ab eodem removendo seu alias expoliando.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">1375. Anno a Nativitate Domini M.CCC.LXX quinto fuit in Maiorica magna et crebra mortalitas, tam intus civitatem, quam extra, qua gentes diversarum nationum numero decesserunt ultra XXXV milia; et dicta mortalitas incepit in mense januarii dicti anni.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">1377. Die sabbati XXI mensis febroarii, anno a Nativitate Domini M.CCC.LXXVII. Rev. in Xpo. P. et D. Bernardus Sancii, Episcopus, ordinis fratrum Minorum, existens intus capellam Beati Pauli constructam intra palatium episcopale, de licentia et permissu venerabilium Dominorum Berengarii Borroni et Bartolomei de Podio aulucho, canonicorum et Vicariorum, Sede vacante, contulit tonsuram Jacobo Salzeti, filio Mathei Salzeti, notarii Maioricensis.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">1379... CC.LXX nono fuer... den Boto... quedam Sarracena Raimundi Oliverii quondam ad comburendum, ex eo quia administraverant et fecerant aliquas perfumaciones adversus uxorem dicti Raimundi Oliverii; et inde fuit factus pulxerrimus sermo in loco vocato lo padró, prope ecclesiam Sedis, et lata sententia per reverendum Dominum Maioricensem Episcopum, et per venerabilem magistrum P. Corregerii, per quam extitit pronunciatum dictum Sarracenum fore ereticum.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Die mercurii XIV. mensis septembris, anno a Nativitate Domini M.CCCLXX nono, fuit praeconizata publice per civitatem Maioricarum pax inter illustrissimum Dominum nostrum Regem Aragonum et communem Pisarum (común de Pisa).</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">1381. Die sabbati nona mensis marcii, anno a Nativitate Domini M.CCC.LXXX primo, hora terciarum fuit praeconizata cum mimmis pecunia argentea per civitatem Maioricarum; et imposita pena amissionis bonorum et corporis, quod nullus renueret recipere dictam pecuniam.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">1380. Anno Domini M.CCC.LXXX., VII. die madii, fuit sollempnizatum matrimonium inter illustrem Dominum Infantem Johannem, primogenitum Serenissimi Domini Aragonum Regis, et illustrem neptem, sive neboda illustrissimi Regis Franciae.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">1381. Die lunae XII. mensis augusti, anno a Nativitate Domini M.CCC.LXXX primo fuit combustus quidam Judeus vocatus Saydo Davidis, pro eo quia supposuit quandam monialem ordinis Sanctae Clarae, quae eadem ratione interfecta fuit.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Die sabbati XXXI. augusti, anno praedicto, illustris Infans Petrus, ordinis Sancti Francisci, intravit civitatem Maioricarum et hospitavit in palatio episcopali huius civitatis.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Anno Domini M.CCC.LXXX primo fuit in Maiorica maxima sichcitas (sequía; sequera), in tantum quod omnes canoni et cequiae civitatis tam intus quam extra fuerunt clausi. Sed divino iudicio et bonitate Dei segetes et vindimiae ipsius anni fuerunt sufficienter habundantes et fertiles.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">1382. Die veneris XXVI. mensis septembris anno a Nativitate Domini M.CCC.LXXXII. paulo post horam tertiarum venerabilis Arnaldus Cerdoni, Raimundi Burguesii, milites, Johannes Umberti, civis, et en Borras de Buyola, nuncii per civitatem et totam insulam Maioricam destinati, recesserunt ab insula iam dicta cum quadam galiota armata Arnaldi Aymar et P. Agulloni, pro eundo et accedendo ad curias, quas Deo volente Dominus Rex celebrare promisit in loco... (cetera desunt.).</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Die jovis XXX. mensis octobris anno praedicto venerabiles Johannes de Tagamanent, Domicellus, et Jacobus Mathes, lapiscida, jurati anni praesentis regni Maioricarum, et Johannes Lobera, legum doctor recesserunt a regno Maioricae pro eundo apud regnum Valentiae, pro tractandis negotiis dicti regni coram Domino nostro Rege; ubi iam venerabilis Johannes de Mora, Thomas de Bacho et P. Adarroni, milites sunt presentes pro eisdem negotiis pertractandis.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Die jovis IIII. mensis decembris anno praedicto, praenominati, dempto dicto venerabili Johanne de Mora, redierunt huc cum galiota Arnaldi Aymar.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Die mercurii XXIIII. mensis decembris anno a Nativitate Domini M.CCC.LXXXII. in vigilia Nativitatis Domini ex tunc proxime instantis fuerunt creati jurati civitatis Maioricae cum radolins. Et fuerunt hii qui sequuntur, videlicet, venerabilis Arnaldus Cerdoni, miles: Johannes de Portello et Guillermus Serra, cives: Petrus Pontis et Johannes Cimieres, mercatores: ac Andreas Regalis, tintorerius.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Subsequenter die lunae XXVIIII. mensis decembris anno a Nativitate Domini M.CCC.LXXXIII. fuerunt inventi in volta picta prope curias versi infrascripti:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fle misera, geme vitam sortem balearis</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mistrum (a) adest, chaos inseviet, fies et tuis exul.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(a) i. latens odium glos. *interlin.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et illamet die post prandium fuit inventa responsio ad dictos versus, facta sub hac forma:</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si quem chaos conclusit, et inde liberatus existit</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Non est locus fleti, sed leticie et bone spei. / *finis daenominabit.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">1383. Die veneris quinta mensis marcii anno prescripto subditi judicis Arboreae (Juez de Arborea), rebelli Domino nostro Regi Aragon. interfecerunt eundem judicem intus civitatem Oristagni gravissima morte. Et in crastinum ipsius dici interfecerunt quandam filiam eiusdem, ut per diversas litteras aliqui fuerunt cerciorati.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Die sabbati quarta mensis aprilis anno praedicto fuit facta praeconizatio cum diversis mimmis, per quam venerabiles jurati Maioricarum notificarunt omnibus generaliter, quod medietates impositionum et adjutarum inde impositarum intus et extra civitatem removebantur, ut in ipsa praeconizatione latius expressatur.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">1384. Divenres que hom comptava a sinch del mes de fabrer lany de la Nativitat de nostre Senyor M.CCC.LXXXIIII. fo feta crida publica ab so de nafils en la plasa de la Cort, que tots astrangers qui venguen habitar en la ila de Mallorques ab sus mulles, fossen franchs e quitis de guayta e de moliga ques cull en la dita ila, per X. anys primers vinants, e ques pusguen alagrar de les franqueses e libertats del dit regne de Mallorques, e los astrangers qui son en la dila ila, que pendran muller, que sien franchs aximatex per dos anys primers vinents, e ques pusguen alagrar de les dites libertats e franqueses; empero ques fassen scriure en la sala dels honrats jurats.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Die jovis XI. mensis februarii anno a Nativitate Domini M.CCC.LXXX. quarto. Reverendus D. Bonanatus Tarini, Episcopus Teldensis, nomine Reverendi Domini Petri Dei gratia Maioricensis Episcopi, pro nunch a regno Maioricas absentis, contulit tonsuram Vincentio Falzeti, filio Mathei Falzeti, notario. (Más arriba hay un notario Mathei Salzeti; la s alargada y la f se confunden mucho en los manuscritos e impresiones antiguas)</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En lo mes de agost lany M.CCC.LXXXIIII. lo honorable Mossen Francesch Sagarriga (ipsa : ça garriga), cavaller, Gobernador del regne de Mallorques, feu gran exequcio de armes, posat que aquells qui les portaven, hageressen privilegi de portar aquelles.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Die dominica XVIII. mensis augusti dicti anni, Illustris Infanta Regina Ciciliae, neptis sive neta Illustrissimi Domini Aragonum Regis aplicuit (: va aplegar, aplegá; llegó) Maioricas cum quadam pulxerrima navi Castellana.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">In mense octobris anno predicto fuit feta (facta) preconizatio (pregó) perularum et aliarum rerum.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">1386. Digous a XXVII. de setembre lany M.CCC.LXXXVI. fo aportat e pujat hun seny gran de pes de XXXVII. quintas e dues liuras en la torra gran de la ciutat situada en lo fossar dels frares preycadors per tocar les hores del dia e de la nit.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Die veneris quarta mensis januarii anno a Nativitate Domini M.CCC.LXXXVII. circa horam terciarum extitit denuntiatum honorabili Domino Francisco Sagarriga, militi, Gubernatori Maioricarum, et venerabilibus juratis regni Maioricarum, quod Illustrissimus Dominus Petrus Dei gratia Aragonum Rex dies suos clauserat extremos. Etiamque fuit per nominatos et alios publice divulgatum et denunciatum illustrem Dominam Sibiliam de Fortiano, Reginam Aragonum clamdestine fugisse a civitate Barchinonae.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">1387. Anno Domini M.CCC.LXXXVII. fuit facta nova pragmatica per Illustrissimum Dominum Johannem Regem Aragonum super regimine civitatis Maioricae et totius insulae eiusdem; ob quod in vigilia Beatae Mariae mensis augusti eiusdem anni, fuerunt facti et creati novi jurati dictae civitatis; et isti omnes debent regere eorum jurariam per XVI. menses continuos, aliis primitus creatis penitus expulsis.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">1388. Die mercurii tertia mensis junii anno a Nativitate Domini M.CCC.LXXXVIII. circa horam tertiarum fuit facta praeconizatio publice ad voce tubetarum per civitatem Maioricarum: quod quicumque haberet hereditatem aut officium in insula Sardiniae, quod hinc ad festum Sancti Michaelis mensis septembris proxime instans transfretaverit ad dictam insulam, et de eisdem hereditatibus possesionem adipiscerentur.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Digous a IIII. de juny any dessus dit apres vespres fo cridat publicament per la ciutat ab sos trompetes e cornamuses, que tots los sarts sien franchs, e que aquells sen pusquen tornar en Cerdenya, con lo Governador es aparellat de donar a aquells vaxells et pessar aquells franchs de nolits; e que tot hom e tota persona deia aquells de liurar sots pena de cors et de aver.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">In dicto anno fuit crebis et maxima mortalitas puerorum in insula Maioricarum.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Die veneris XIIII. mensis julii anni praescripti fuit denunciatum per aliquos qui venerant Barchinona quod inclitus et magnificus Dalfi (Delfín), etatis V. annorum vel inde circa, filius Illustrissimi Domini Johannis, Regis Aragonum suos dies clauserat extremos; propter quod die mercurii XXVI. augusti sequentis fuit factum et celebratum in Sede Maioricarum ad requisitionem juratorum Maioricarum solemne anniversarium pro anima ipsius infantis.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">1390. Anno Domini millesimo. CCC. nonagesimo in mense augusti nobilis … Dux de Bar... regia g... cum multitudine militum et peditum armorum transfretarunt cum quinquaginta galeis armatis et ultra Januensibus ad portum de Frague terra Serracenorum, in qua steterunt per plures dies bellando, et plures actus militiae excercendo. Et demum recusantibus, seu pocius contradicentibus dictis Januensibus pugnare, dictus nobilis Dux propter proditionem de qua dubitabat, recessit festinanter ut fertur a dicto loco Frague ad partes... aplicando.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Divenres a VIIII del mes de deembre any M.CCC. noranta fo cridada publicament ab trompeta de volentat dels jurats de Mallorques la moneda, la cual novellament es stada batuda en Mallerques, so es, los florins, en la emprenta dels quals deu esser... é una letra aytal M. per designar que de Mallorques son: é en lo c... per senyal... monede. Cascu de aquests florins es aprociat é aforati valer XV sous é … diners. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Batse (: se bat) aquesta moneda, o ses comenada batre lalberch den Anthoni... de misser Scoto pres la esgleya de sent Nicholau Veya.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Die mercurii XXI mensis decembris anno praedicto, qua fuit festum Sancti Thomae fuit positum interdictum in universitate Maioric. per sanctissim. Dnum. Papam Clementem, seu de eius mandato... officium fiebat ... in ecclesii occulte, ianuis clausis, occasione, videlicet, questionis … inter venerabilem Durandum Ronsellini ex parte una, et ... de Uclam … ex altera, ratione … parrochialis ecclesiae de P... </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">1391. Die mercurii XIV junii anno a Nativitate Domini M.CCC.LXXXX primo, pro transitu fiendo apud insulam Siciliae fuerunt apposita vaxilla Regis et Domini Infantis Martini, ac Bernardi de Capraria capitanei armatae circa praedictum transitum fiende, et Thomae de Biche, militis vice admirati; cuius occasione fuit praeconizatum guidaticum in forma solita.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">In mense julii anni Domini M.CCC nonagesimi primi fuit publice divulgatum per civitatem Maioricensis quod habitatores regni Xibiliae Regis Castellae, et etiam aliorum ditionum ipsius regni interfecerant Judeos dicti regni et aliarum terrarum ipsius Regis, defraudando et alias furtive secum portando bona mobilia ipsorum Judeorum.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et pari modo fuit narratum quod aliqui regni Valentiae facie de avalot contra Judeos civitatis ipsius regni interfecerunt bene LXXX Judeos, propter quod intrarunt callum aljaimae ipsius civitatis, et secum asportarunt nonnulla bona dictorum Judeorum. Qua de causa illustris Infans Martinus, Dux Cervariae et Montis albi inquiri fecit contra dictos malefactores capiendo ipsos et eos viriliter opprimendo.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Die veneris II. augusti, anno a Nativitate Domini M.CCC.LXXXX primo, secunda hora diei de mane fuit relatum onorabili Domino Francisco ...</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">militi Gubernatori Maioricarum, quod plures gentes forenses venerant seu aplicaverant camino … causa invadendi seu alias destruendi callum Judaicum Maioricense et Judeos in eodem habitantes; propter quod dictus Dominus Gubernator cum multitudine gentium civitatis, tam equitando quam pedes eundo exiit obviam eis dicendo eis quod redirent ad eorum habitationes; sic quod dicti forenses quasi incontinenti absque causa aliqua vulnerarunt equm dicti Domini Gubernatoris, et interfecerunt ronsinum in quo Jacobus Lobera equitabat.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Et ipsa eadem die circa secundam horam diei dicti homines forenses una cum pluribus et diversis hominibus civitatis, invadendo dictum callum, ipsum capierunt, et finaliter ipsum expoliarunt ab omnibus que in eodem erant. In qua quidem invasione et captione interfecti fuerunt, ut fertur, tres homines Christiani, et bene trecenti Judei inter masculos et feminas.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Die mercurii, nona mensis Augusti anno praedicto fuit injunctum (o iniunctum? leo iniunoctum) notariis sub amisione corporis et bonorum, quod ipsi nullatenus cancellent instrumenta aliqua facientia pro</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Judaeis nec instrumenta aliqua finis seu compositionis aut redemptionis facientia pro dictis Judeis vel inter eos, non faciant neque recipiant.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Die sabbati quinta mensis augusti anno praedicto fuit destructus callus Judaicus civitatis Barchinonensis; prout publice relatum fuit in civitate Maioricensis. Et illi qui intus carcerem detrusi erant, expulsi fuerunt per vim facto et opere diversarum personarum ipsius civitatis. Etiamque fuit in eodem contextu per illasmet personas missus et positus ignis in scribaniae curiae, baiuliae dicti civitatis; ob quod diversi libri et scripturae ipsius curiae fuerunt combusti et destructae.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">1392. Die martis qua computabatur vicesima mensis februarii anno a Nativitate Domini M.CCC. nonagesimo secundo circa horam terciarum magnificus vir Infans Martinus, Dux Cervariae et Montisalbi, ac frater illustrissimi Domini Johannis Dei gratia Regis Aragonum, aplicuit de partibus Cataloniae in mollo maris (muelle; moll) civitatis Maioricarum cum undecim galeis valde bene armatis et munitis, causa navigandi et</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">transfretandi versus insulam Ciciliae, et cum eo illustris Rex et Regina Ciciliae, ac aliqui Comites, et nobiles et milites dicti Domini Regis, ac dictae insulae Ciciliae; inter quos erat Bn. de Capraria, Vicecomes, et duo filii Comitis de Prades, e Vicecomes insulae, ac G. Raimundi de Muncada, Comes de Famagosta, et nonnulli alii nobiles, et domicille ipsius insulae Ciciliae. Qui quidem Rex erat filius predicti magnifici Ducis; eratque, ut asserebatur, aetatis XIII annorum, vel inde circa; et dicta Regina, ut dicebatur, erat etatis XXX annorum, vel inde circa. In numero vero dictarum galearum erant duae galeae Massinae, dictae insulae Ciciliae.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Post praedicta autem die jovis XXII mensis februarii anno praedicto hora tercia (leo terda) ipsius diei, dictae galeae cum omnibus superius nominatis recesserunt a portu Maioricarum causa navigandi versus insulam Minoricae.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Die luna prima mensis aprilis anno praedicto Reverendus Dominus Lodovicus de Prades, Episcopus Maioricensis intravit civitatem Maioricarum, veniendo de civitate Barchinona, causa visitandi suum episcopatum; ob cuius reverenciam et honorem fuit sibi facta magna processio, et totus clerus exivit obviam ei usque ad plateam Curiarum (plaça de Cort).</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Die dominica IV mensis augusti anno a Nativitate Domini M.CCC.LXXXXII fuit celebratus laus in civitate Maioricensi pro beatissimo transitu, quam Dominus Rex noster intendit facere de proximo apud regnum Sardiniae pro subiugando sibi Branchaleo, inimicum capitalem et rebellem ipsius Domini Regis.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Die veneris XI mensis octobris anno praedicto fuit ex parte Venerabilis Berengarii de Montagut locum tenentis Gubernatoris Maioricensis divulgata et publicata publice per precones curiarum cum vocibus tubecelarum, generalis remissio et absolutio per Dominum Regem et Dominam Reginam eius consortem factae omnibus et singulis personis, quae culpabiles fuissent reditionibus, incendiis, fractionibus calli Judeorum et homicidiis, et generaliter omnibus illis qui anno proxime lapso culpabiles fuerunt diversis malis et actibus qui facti et sequuti fuerunt diversimode in regno Maioricensi. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Diluns a XIV de octubre lo senyor Bisbe de Mallorques befleyi cinch galeas armades e duas galiotes, e dos rampins, et una barcha armades, les quals deven anar contra moros. E axi mateix dita missa al cap del moll, ahon vengueren infinides persones, lo dit astol saluda devant la Seu de Mallorques, les quals fustes singulars persones de la ciutat armaren. E aquell dia matex a la primera guayta les dites fustes sen partiren de la dita ila.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">1394. Digmenge a la... mes de janer any de la Nativitat de nostre Senyor M.CCC noranta quatre vingueren et arribaren en Mallorques vuyt galeas armades en Bersalona per lo pesatge quel Senyor Rey devia fer en Serdenya, et deuian anar, segons se deya, en Cicilia per socorrer e aiudar al Rey de Cicilia, de les cuals eren patrons ciutedans e mercaders de Barsalona; e en aquella capita alcu no habia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dimarç a XIII del mes de janer any demunt dit a tres hores del die o aquientre, la senyora Reyna d' Arago, Infanta (infantá) dins la ciutat de Valencia hun infant mascle, lo nom del qual es apellat Pere; per la nativitat del qual fo feta en la dita ciudad gran festa, balls, juntes, e altres coses notables e de gran alegria.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Divenres a XXIII de janer any demunt dit les dites vuyt galeas de Barsalona se partiren de Mallorcha.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dissapte a XXXI de janer any demunt dit per la nativitat del demunt dit infant fo feta sollemne processo per aquell die e per los dos dies seguens balls, e juntes e festa molt honradament per la ciutat.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dimarç a X de fabrer any demunt dit, lo noble mossen Ramon Dabella, Gobernador de Mallorques arriba en Mallorques ab la galea den alamany per esser capita de duas galeas que la ciutat de Mallorca deu armar per anar en Cicilia ab les X galeas de Barsalona, e sinch de Valencia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Die mercurii quarta mensis marcii anno praedicto duae galeae armatae pro universitate Maioricensi in sucursu armatae factae contra Branchaleo, inimicum Domini Regis, et etiam rebelles Regis Ciciliae, quarum capitaneus extitit nobilis Raimundus de Apilia, Gubernator Maioricensis: recesserunt a mollo maris ipsius civitatis causa faciendi earum viagium versus insulas Sardiniae et Ciciliae antedictae.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Die lunae XII mensis octobris anno nonagesimo quarto circa horam terciarum fuit ex parte Domini Regis facta praeconizatio per plateas civitatis Maioricensis voce preconia cum tubecens quod per Christianos fieret anno quolibet festum solemne sacratissimae Conceptionis Beatae Mariae Virginis, Matris Domini nostri Jhesu Christi; et quod nullus de coetero auderet dicere vel divulgare quod dicta Beata Virgo Maria concepta fuit in pecato originali.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">1395. Diluns a XXII. de fabrer, any de la Nativitat de nostre Senyor M.CCC.LXXXX quinto, foren fetes carnastoltas (carnestoltes : carnestolendas), per so cor lo sendema qui fo dimarç fo deiuni de Sent Macia, qui fo lo primer dia de Coresma.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Die dominica de mane XVIII, mensis julii, anno predicto, illustrissimus Dominus Johannes, Dei gratia Rex Aragonum venit de Barchinona cum illustri Domina Regina, eius consorte, et cum quadam eorum filia, et cum filia illustris Regis Petri bonae memoriae patris ipsius Regis Johannis, et cum multitudine militum, baronum, domicellarum, et aliarum notabilium personarum; et aplicuit cum quatuor galeis armatis in portu de Soller.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo die dessusdit apres dinar lo dit Senyor Rey se parti de Soller e venchsen a Bunyola, e de qui parti e venchsen a Valldemussa (: Valldemossa), ahon stech fins al dimecres.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E dimecres a XXI. de juliol lo dit Senyor Rey venchsen al castell de Bellver, ahon ha stat fins a dimecres seguent.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dimecres a XXVIII. de juliol lo dit Senyor Rey ab la Senyora Regina e ab les Senyores Infantes, e donzelles, e persones moltes notables entraren en la ciutat pessada hora de vespres; per la cual cosa fo feta gran festa e fort solemne, e dura per quatre jorns continuus, dins los quals foren fets balls per tots los officis de la terra, e al sinch jorn juntes per los jurats de la ciutat. E foren vesties (vestides) per la dita sollempnitat XXX. persones en nombre dels bens de la universitat, so es, de drap dor et de vellut ab drap blau de Florenti, faent meytats dels draps dor e de vellut, ab lo dit drap de Florenti.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Apres quel dit Senyor Rey ab la dita Senyora Reina ab les persones dessusdites hagueren stat per alcuns dies en la ciutat de Mallorques foren fetes moltes e diverses novitats en la dita ciutat, e oppresions e forçes a les gens axi per raho de posades que donaven a nobles, cavallers, ciutedans e altres gens, com per raho de infinides coses que los officials del dit Senyor demenaven contra homens de paratge, ciutedans, mercaders, notaris e manastrals (menestrals), en tant que per ocasio de les dites coses que lo regiment de la terra romangues en mans de aquells quil tenien, donaren los dits regidors al dit Senyor, segons ques dehia, cent milia florins dor.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Digous a XVIII. del mes de noembre, any dessusdit, lo dit Senyor Rey ab la Senyora Reyna, e les Infantes e altres, partiren de Mallorca, e recullirense en la galea reyal a Portopi, sens que no pres comiat de la ciutat, ne entra en aquella, ans stech de aquella absent per lonch temps stant en lo castell de Bellver. E partissech ab cinch galees.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dimecres a 11 (o II) del mes de noembre fo cridada la general remissio, la qual lo dit Senyor Rey feu a tots generalment de qualsevol crims que haguesen comes; e aso per cent e quatre milia florins, que li foren promesos per la terra.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">La audiencia del dit Senyor romas en la ciutat, e aquistench (todo junto, salto de linea, aquí se, es tench) continuadament per dos mesos e mes avant, apres quel dit Senyor Rey fo partit de Mallorques.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">1396. Die martis XXIII. mensis madii, anno a Nativitate Domini M.CCC.XCVI. ex relatione cuiusdam patroni lembi, hac de causa per consiliarios et probos homines civitatis Barchinonensis et aliarum civitatum regni Aragonum missi, honorabili Berengario de Monteacuto, domicello locum tenenti nobilis Raimundi de Apilia, Gubernatoris maioricensis, fuit denunciatum quod illustrissimus Dominus Johannes, Rex Aragonum, judicio divino, decesserat subito in loco de Fuxa, die veneris qua computabatur XIX. mensis et anni praedictorum.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">In eodem anno fuit mortalitas in civitate et regno Maioricarum, propter quod plures pueri et puellae, adolescentes et adolescentulae ac iuvenes (juvenes) decesserunt morbo glandularum; et istud duravit per plures menses.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Die lunae qua computabatur XXIX. mensis madii, anno proxime scripto, fuit solemne anniversarium missarum celebratum in castro regio praetextu mortis praefati Regis Johannis, et ibi sermo factus per venerabilem religiosum fratrem Johannem Axemeno (Ximeno : Jimeno, Gimeno), licenciatum in sacra pagina, ordinis fratrum Minorum. = Et in crastinum praedicti diei fuit factum aliud anniversarium in Sede Maioricarum per universitatem Maioricensem, in quo loco plures et quasi infiniti milites, cives, mercatores, manastralli et sindici forenses intraverunt induti saccis; et ibi sermo factus fuit per religiosum fratrem</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">… *Ponaen (seu Poncieti) ordinis B. M. de Carmelo, Die martii XXX. mensis madii dicti anni cadaver praefati Domini Regis fuit traditum ecclesiasticae sepulturae in Barchinona in ecclesia Sedis prope sepulturam illustrisimi Domini Petri recolende memoriae Regis Aragonum patris sui.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">In crastinum die sepulturae dicti Regis, nuntii civitatum Cesaraugustae, Valentiae et Barchinone cum probis hominibus ipsius civitatis Barchinone elegerunt in Reginam Dominam Mariam, consortem illustris Infantis Martini, Ducis Montisalbi, in absentia ipsius Domini Infantis, et eam sedere fecerunt in solio castri novi regii Barchinonensis.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Die mercurii XXI. mensis junii, anno praedicto, fuit eclipsis lunae et duravit per tres horas et ultra.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Die sabbati XXII. mensis julii, anno praedicto, circa horam vesperorum nobilis Johannes de Cruillis, et venerabiles Raimundus de Talamancha et Berengarius de Palau, milites, tamquam nuncii per illustrissimum Dominum Infantem Martinum, Ducem Montisalbi, noviter electum in Regem Aragonum, missi ad illustrissimam Dominam Mariam, eius consortem, aplicuerunt Maioricas cum plenissima potestate, ut asserebatur, concedendi regimen ipsius regni dictae eius consorti. Et cum eis venit Jacobus Sacoma, civis Maioricensis, missus pro juratis Maioricarum ad dictum Dominum Regem Martinum ad insulam Siciliae, ubi dictus Dominus Rex personaliter aderat cum filio suo Rege dictae insulae, pro subiugando sibi et dicto filio suo dictam insulam.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">In mense julii praedicto nobilis Rodrigo Diz aplicuit Maioricas cum quatuor navibus armatis excercendo piraticam contra Januenses.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Die mercurii XVI. augusti, anno praedicto aripuerunt in Maioricas filius nobilis Comitis de Cardona, et reverendus Episcopus Dertusae ac plures alii notabiles personae, nuncii seu ambaxiatores electi per civitatem Barchinonae et totius principatus Cataloniae ac civitatis Valentiae cum sex galeis armatis, quarum duae fuerunt armatae in dicta civitate Barchinone et duae in civitate Valentiae, missi ex certis causis ad illustrissimum Dominum Martinum, Regem Aragonum in praedicta insula Siciliae personaliter constitutum.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">1397. Denuntiatum fuit in Maioricis quasi in principio anni a Nativitate Domini MCCCXCVII. per litteras diversas aliquibus huius civitatis missas, quod *XVIII die mensis septembris proxime preterita fuit factum et habitum maximum bellum inter infidelem Lamorac Regem, Principem et Dominum Turcorum, et illustrissimum ac potentissimum Regem Ungariae; et bellum dictum duravit per sex dies, infra quos ceciderunt trescenta milia Turcorum, et Christianorum plus sexaginta milia. Sed ¡proh dolor! praefati Turchi reputati fuerunt, ut fertur, victores.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Etiam fuit relatum ac publice nuntiatum quod pax et maxima tranquilitas fuit facta et firmata, intervenientibus matrimoniis et aliis sollempnibus firmitatibus, inter illustrissimum Regem Francorum et Regem Angliae: et inter alia quod dictus Rex Anglorum pugnet contra Comitem vulgariter dictum de Vertut, dominum civitatis de Mil...</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Post praedicta die martis XXVII. mensis martii anno praedicto fuit denuntiatum publice, quod serenissimus Dominus Martinus Dei gratia Rex Aragonum per mortem illustrissimi Domini Johannis, Regis Aragonum quondam, apulerat in loco de Massella septima die mensis martii supra dicti, cum septem galeis armatis, recedendo ab insula Ciciliae; propter quod fuit facta praeconizatio ad tubessens, et aliis generibus musicorum sive mimmorum, quod fierent comuniter per loca ipsius civitatis alimares et alia signa ignea, et alias, significantia et demostrantia gaudia et ilaritates propter meatum et transitum dicti Domini Regis Martini feliciter regnantis, noviterque cum triumpho et maxima victoria, ad regnum Aragonum de dicta insula Ciciliae redeuntis.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per la vinguda del dit senyor Rey, digmenge lo primer de abril any dessus dit, fo tret lo astandart de la Sala, e aportat per en Francesch Umbert jurat, ab professo semblant del die de Sent Silvestre et Sancta Coloma. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E aquell jorn matex e lo sendema foren fets balls, e lo digmenge seguent juntes en lo born per part dels honrats jurats.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dimarç a XXIV de abril de dit any lo noble en Rodrigo Diz ab so enginy isque de la preso regal ac hon estave pres per manament de la Senyora Reyna; e asso per alcuns delictes per aquell comessos contra alcunis sots messes del Senyor Rey, e altres havents pau e treva ab aquell (a: Llamábase Rodrigo Díez: estaba preso a instancia del Rey de Portugal por haberse apoderado como pirata en los mares de Lisboa de una nave intitulada S. Cristoval, cargada de jabón de losa, sebo, aceite, paños, etc., para Flandes. En dicha instancia se llama miles Valentinus. Había venido aquí con esta presa, y cuando ya tenía su pasaporte para marcharse, le mandó prender la Reina Doña María con todos los suyos, y confiscar sus bienes. La orden está fecha en Barcelona a 16 de octubre de 1396. Todo consta en el archivo real de Mallorca, registro de ese año.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En el de la Bailía de Valencia (lib. 47. provisión. privileg.) consta que aún vivía en 1439, de cuyo año hay un proceso sobre las presas que hizo con su balaner (ballenero), nave suya propia. Otro balaner compró en el mismo año, llamado Santa Catalina. Consta allí en mil lugares, que era caballero y vecino de Valencia. Con esto es más fácil de colegir que Manuel Díez, autor del libro de albeitería a mitad del siglo XV, era natural de dicha ciudad, y de esta familia, y acaso hijo de Rodrigo.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dimecres a XXIII. de maig any dessus dit, lo dit Senyor Rey en marti vinent de la ciutat de Avinyo arriba ab X galeas armades en Catalunya en lo loch apellat Mataro (Mataró). E lo digmenge seguent que hom comptave a XXVII. dit mes lo dit Senyor Rey entra en la ciutat de Barselona fort gloriosament, e ab gran gent, ahon fo feta gran e molt excellent festa, axi per los ciutadans e habitadors de la dita ciutat, com per los missatgers de Seragosa, de Valencia, de Mallorques, com de les altres terras e lochs del dit Senyor. E foren fetes grans maravelles, jochs, balls, juntes e altres noblesses, demonstrant gran goig e alagria per la vinguda del dit Senyor.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Digmenge a VIII de juliol any demunt dit lo molt reverent e honest frare Pere Mari, ministre del orde dels frares menors en les parts de la senyoria del Rey de Arago feu les vespisits sub dubia al honrat frare Johan Exemeno del dit orde, licentiat en taulagia (licenciado en teología), per so cor aquell frare Johan devia pendre lo digmenge seguent lo barret del seu magisteri; per lo qual fo la esgleya dels frares menors enpaliada, é ague (e hagué) sollemne festa feta en diverses maneres.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Digmenge a XV. de juliol mestra Johan Xemeno (otra variación más del apellido) del orde dels frares menors, pres lo barret en la Seu, e feu gran festa e grans balls, e de totes les ordes dels frares ballaren en aquesta jornade dins la igleya de Sent Francesch (lib. fabrica es anno).</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Digmenge a XV. de juliol any de munt dit lonrat frare</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Johan Exemeno pres lo barret magistral per ma del dit reverent ministre del dit orde en la Seu de Mallorques; en lo qual loch foren disputades diverses questions per quatre mestres en taulagia, dos del dit orde, so es, per mestre P. March, e per mestre Anthoni Sent Oliva, e per mestre </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">P. Tur, e per mestre G. Sagarra del orde dels frares Preycadors. E aqui matex foren dats a diverses persones, axi graduades com no graduades, barrets e guants de cuyr; e per lo dit mestre novell fo feta gran festa en casa sua per sos parents, e altres honrats homens de la ciutat.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Divenres a XXXI de agost any M.CCC.XCVII lo noble mossen Huc de Anglarola vench et arriba en Mallorques ab una galea armada, havent nom de Vis Rey, e havent gran potestat del Senyor Rey per redressar lo regne, e aquell metre en bon stament; e ab ell vengueren en P. Canto savi en dret assesor seu, e ab dos notaris, e ab dos contadors, e ab moltes altres persones; e singularment (leo singularement) ab ell vench madona muller sua, filla del vescomte de Rochaberti.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En lo mes de novembre any dessus dit vench en Mallorques un hom apellat en Cardona, trames (leo trauses) per los jurats de la ciutad de Valencia, per denunciar als jurats e prohomens de Mallorques que la ciutat de Valencia et de Barsalona havian mampres e acordat que en reverencia de nostre Senyor fos fet hun gran pessatge o stol per pessar en Barbaria, per exaltacio de la fe cristiana, e per haver lo cors precios de Jhesu Crist, lo qual moros sen havian aportat de una capella que es en lo dit regne de Valencia; e axi mateix per fer venjansa de la dita injuria; per que suscitaven los habitadors del regne de Mallorques quine e quanta ajuda faria en lo dit pessatge.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">1398. Dimecres a XX. de març any de la Nat. MCCCXCVIII. foren possades cedules per les portes de les esgleyes, per les quals nostre Senyor lo Papa, per contemplacio de la armada dessus dita, atorguava indulgencia a pena e a culpa a tots aquells qui en la dita armada iran personalment; e moltes altres indulgencias a aquells qui almoynas in faran dasso del lur.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dissapte a XI. del mes de maig any dessus (leo dessu) dit fo feta sollemne processo faent la via del Corpus Crist per raho de la crehuada; la qual fo preycada en la Seu ans de la processo per lonrat frare Johan Exemeno mestre en taulagia. *En aquell iorn fo reebuda la dita crehuada per molts e diverses del dit regne e daltres.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dissapte a XVIII. de maig any dessus dit lo noble mossen Huc Danglarola, Visrey, muda los jurats del regne de Mallorques, e tots los oficials de la casa de la Juraria, com hagues ja mudats lor consellers; per la qual cosa fot mudat lo regiment en mans de aquells qui aquell tenien ans de la destruccio del Call.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dissapte a XIII. de juliol any dessus dit lo noble mossen Jofre de Rochaberti, vescomde, arriba en Mallorques en nou galeas e una galiota de Valencia, axi com a capita de aquellas, sperant assi en Mallorques mes nombre de altres fustes armades, per anar contra moros en semps (ensemps; ensemble; junto) ab lo stol, que lo regne de Mallorques ha promes fer per raho del dit pessatge. = Item a dies seguents arribaren quatre galeas et VIII. galiotas; les quals se acompanyaren ab les dessus dites. E totes ensemps partiren de Mallorques a XXIV. de Juliol. = </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per vigor de la armada dessus dita foren armades en Mallorques sinch galeas, tres galiotas, XVII. rampins et vuyt entre pamfills e barchos (barcos; barches, barques) grosses, e sis lalmos grossos.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Divenres a II de agost mossen Huc Danglarola axi com a capita elet de tot lo stol de Mallorques parti del moll de la ciutat, e feu la via de Portopi.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dimecres a XIV. dagost tot lestol (lo estol, stol; l' estol) de Valencia e de Mallorques junct en ila de Evissa, lo qual pren suma de LXX. veles, entre les quals foren L. veles de fustes de rems, les altres foren fustes radents, les galeas foren XIX. per nombre: tots ensemps partiren de la dita ila de Evissa, feta per aquells primerament devant lo castell mostre de les persones e de les lurs armes. E segons relacio de alcuns atrobarense en lo dit stol pessates sed milia é D. (más de 7500) persones combatents, entre les quals hi hacia (habia) en tern (entorn) CCCC homens que hom apella darmes, so es, gentils homens, o tals quis armen o son cuberts de ferre.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo stol dessus dit apres grans fortunas per aquell sostengudes, vench e arriba denant lo loch appellat Tedelis, terra de moros, ahon tres galeas, so es, duas de Valencia, e una de Mallorques, la qual menava P. Moscaroles, se acostaren, e finalment isqueren en terra, e apres de aquelles tots los altres fustes, e assenyaladament los fustes de rems, e aqui feren de lurs armes. E finalment dins spay de una hora ells entraren e esveyiren lo dit loch ab forsa darmes; e tingueren lo dit loch per hun jorn e mig; e dins aquest spay lo dit loch fo desrobat, e dins aquell molts moros, axi mascles com fembres e infants pochs (: pobres, frágiles, de poco poder, paucos) morts, los quals prenen suma segons relacio de molts de CCC. persones. E ultra foren cativades pesades CL persones. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E a la perfi (al final, a la fi) meteren foch en lo dit loch. E asso fo dimarç a XXVII de agost any desusdit. E lo sendema que fo dimecres a mig jorn les gens del dit stol jaquiren lo dit loch.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En lo combatiment del dit loch mori mossen Bng. Lansol (Llansol, Llançol : sábana, tela) de Valencia per so com caygue de una scale, é un castella.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">En lo departiment del dit loch los dits capitans, so es, lo Vescomte de Rochaberti e mossen Huc feren recullir la gent, remanents ells dins lo dit loch ab alcuns lurs consellers e amichs, entre los quals foren Jacme de Pertusa de Valencia, Johan Desbach, G. Unis, en Montagut, e daltres. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E recullida la gent feren levar les dites galeas de la posta per mudarles en altre loch pus convinent. E stans axi dins la dita vila de Tadelis (Tedelis más arriba) los dits capitans ab los dessus nomenats, e altres, los moros veent que les gens eran recullides e que fort pochas gens eran romases dins la dita vila, tots ensemps vengueren sobre los dits capitans ab ma armada. E lavors los dits capitans, axi com posgueren, asseiaren de volur (voler) fugir; e tant foren apressats e cuytats per los moros, que no fo (sol) a ells, ans foren ferit (ferits) per los moros gran partida de aquells, en tant quel dit mossen Huc, e los dits Johan Desbach, e en Pertusa, e en Montagut, e daltres foren alansejats per los dits moros, e finalment morts per aquells, en gran culpa del dit mossen Huc, car si ell se fos recullit, axi com li era dit, no fora ell estat mort ne los altres, qui per contemplacio sua moriren ab ell.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Apres les coses dessus dites, lo stol dessus dit sostench gran fortuna, en tant que totes les dites fustes se ascamparen dassa e dalla, e cuydaren per la major part nagar (nagats más adelante); e moltes de aquellas per la dita fortuna perderen timons e governs, e gran partida dels rems; e partida de aquellas arribaren en Mallorques dimarç a III de setembre.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dimecres secunda mensis octobris dicti anni fuit factum sollemne anniversarium missarum pro morte dicti nobilis Hugonis de Angularia, Viceregis, defuncti ut capitanei in praedicto loco de Tadelis.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per la mort del dit mossen Huc fo elet per lo gran consell del regne en capita del dit stol de Mallorques lo honorable en Bng. de Montagut, doncell, loctinent de Gobernador del regne de Mallorques.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">1399. Divenres a XXIV de janer any de la Nativitat de nostre Senyor M.CCC.XC nou fo feta crida ab juglars a cavall, que fos feta processo digmenge primer vinent per lo molt alt en Fraderich, fill del Rey en Marti Rey de Cicilia, e primogenit del Rey nostre d' Arago </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(Martín de Sicilia, muerto antes que su padre Martín de Aragón. Fraderich, Fadrique, Federico, Frederic &c, sería pretendiente a la corona de Aragón tras la muerte de Martín I en 1410, pre Compromiso de Caspe de 1412), </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">lo qual novellament era nat en Cicilia; per la cual cosa lo dissapte ans del digmenge foren fetes alimeras (alimares; alifares), e grans fochs e altres senyals de alagria.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dissapte a XV de març any dessus dit fo feta crida publica per los lochs acostumats de part del honorable en Bng. de Montagut, doncell, capita de la sancta armada, que tot hom se degues apparellar per anar en la dita armada; e foren cridats certs capitols, per los quals fo notificat a cascun qui pendria moros o altres coses que haguessen certa cosa per cascun cosa, e axi mateix hagues de les altres coses certa part.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dimarç a XVIII del mes de març any demunt dit lo Reverent Pare en Xst. mossen Luis de Prades, Bisbe de Mallorques, mossen Jordi Sent Johan, mossen Gregori Burgues, cavallers, Narnau Alberti savi en dret, e molts daltres prengueren comiat e isguerensse (: se ixqueren, de exir, eixir) de la ciutat per coratge de recullirse per anar a la coronacio del Senyor Rey, la qual se deu fer, Deus volent, lo jorn de la caritat prop vinent a VII de abril. = Per rao de la dita coronacio foren elegits missatgers qui anassen en Seragossa per esser en la sollemnitat de la dita coronacio los honrats en Bng. Tagamanent, doncell, Narnau Alberti, savi en dret, e en Canals de Soller per los homens de fora.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Segons letras dels missatgers de la universitat de Mallorques, lo dit Senyor Rey en Marti se corona digmenge a XIII de abril any dessus dit. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Diluns a XXIII de juny del dit any lo dit Arnau Alberti ensemps ab lo dit Canals tornaren de la dita missatgeria, pero lo dit Arnau fo fet cavaller per lo dit Senyor Rey en la dita coronacio.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dimarç a XXVIX (?) del mes de juliol any dessus dit arribaren en lo moll de la ciutat de Mallorques duas galeas armades, en les quals vench lo bastart de Navarre, germa del Rey de Navarre, ab molts honrats homens, per anar en la armada sancta dessus dita contra moros; jatsia fosen ja en lo moll una galiota, et un rampi, e tres lauts privilegiats. Dimecres a XXX del dit mes arribaren en lo dit moll sis galeas e una galiota armades, del qual stol era capita lo noble mossen P. de Vilaragut per anar en lo dit sant pessatge.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dimecres a VI del mes de agost del dit any fo feta sollemne processo per raho del stol de Mallorques, qui ana al cap del moll de la mar, e aqui fo cantada missa, e fet sermo per mestre Johan Exemeno del orde dels frares menors. E apres lo dit honorable en Bng. de Montagut, capita del dit stol parti del dit moll, e vench ab quatre galeas e diverses galiotes e rampins denant la Seu, e saludaren altament. E asso fet, possarense devant la portella, ahon stech lo dit capita per tot aquell die.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Digous a VII del dit mes lo dit honorable capita se parti de Mallorques ab alscuns rampins faent la via del cap blanch per anar a Maho, ahon era junct lo stol de Valencia.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Diluns a XVIII del mes dagost, any dessus dit lo molt Reverent Para en Xst. mossen Luis de Prades Bisbe de Mallorques vench et arriba en Mallorques de la coronacio del Senyor Rey ahon era anat.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Digmenge a XVII del mes dagost any dessus dit lo honorable en Bng. de Montagut capita, stant en lo port de Maho ahon havia sperat tot lo stol qui sots ell devia anar, feu mostra de la sua gent, e foren atrobades entre totes MMM.D. (3500) persones; empero en aquelles no era la galea den Seure, ne dues galiotes, qui despuys feta la dita mostra sobre vengueren. En lo nombre de les gens eren be C. homens appellats darmes, e qualscuns DCC. ballasters. Les fustes foren en nombre LXX. entre grans é pochas; entre les quals eran sis galeas groses, e tot lo sobre pus entre galiotes, rampins, barches grosses, lenys, e una nau.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo dimarç seguent a XIX del dit mes lo capita de Valencia feu mostra en lo dit loch de la sua gent, e foren atrobades entre totes MM.DC. persones, entre les quals havia CL. homens darmes e de ballesters. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Les fustes eran per nombre XXX, so es, set galeas grosses, e lo sobre pus galiotas, rampins, lenys, barchas, lauts, e una nau que patronaiaven homens de Montblanch.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tot lo stol dessus dit parti del dit port digous a XXI. del dit mes, e feu sa via vers lo loch de Bona; e com vench a cap de … dies lo dit stol torna per contrast de temps, e torna al dit port, e aqui stech fins lo digous seguent, que parti del dit loch, e veleiant arriba en port de Bona, digmenge a XXXI de agost, ahon foren junctes, segons ques diu, norante e quatre fustes entre grans e pochas, so es, XIII. galeas grossas, XVI. galiotes, XXI. rampi (rampins), XIV. lauts groses, XV barchas radonas, VI. lenys de bandes, VII lenys radons, dues naus.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo diluns primer dia de setembre partida del dit stol isque en terra, e combaterense los christians ab los moros, aquest combatiment dura per alcun spay de temps, tirantse los uns als altres passades e bombardes, encare que no se menyscaba sino un hom dels cristians. E en aquesta jornada lonrat Nortis (En Ortiz, Ortis) de Sent Marti fo fet cavaller.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lo dimarç seguent a II de setembre lo capita de la nau de Montblanch dona a entendre a mossen R. de Sent Marti capita de la nau de Mallorques que patronaiava en P. Aymerich, que los capitans maiors de Valencia e del stol de Mallorques pessaven a la una part del dit loch de Bona, so es al loch ahon hi (ha) arenal, per donar scalas en terra per combatre e fer fets darmes; per que dix al dit mossen R. que ell volgues exir en terra ab la sua gent; e asso matex fo dat entendre a les fustes radonas, rampins, e altres fustes manques (manco : menor : menos). Per la qual cosa un rampinet dona de la popa en terra, e isqueren qualscuns VII homens, e mes hun panonet a una torra de aquellas qui son fora la vila del dit loch de Bona. E de continent les gents de les dites naus e de les fustes manques isqueren totes o gran part de aquellas en terra, e pujaren alt en dos puigs, e aqui volent se fer forts, hagueren alcuna ascaramusa (escaramuza) ab los moros. A la perfi apres alscuns combatiments e escaramusses los moros apoderasen a peu e a cavall; </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">e diuse que hi havia pessats XXX m. moros, entre los quals hi havia VI o VII m. homens a cavall, com fos aqui lo poder o ajust de tres Reys moros. Per la cual cosa los cristians se materen en fuyta, e per la penya avall jaquirense anar stro á (tro : hacia el : cap al) mar, jaquint les armes en terra, faent hers esforç de poderse recullir en les fustes; e per la multitut de les gens nos porian recullir, ans los uns negaven los altres; e per aquesta manera moriren dels cristians, axi per mans de moros, com en la mar que foren nagats per glay (esglay, temor) e per lansarse en la mar, qualscunes C. persones, entre les quals lonrat mossen Ortis de Sent Marti, fo atrobat mort sens cap, per so cor cap dellant la gent de la nau de son frare e altres, ell no farit (: ferit) en la cama, e finalment mori. E lo seu cors fo aportat en Mallorques, e soterrat en la Seu, dimarç a IX de setembre del dit any.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Apres les dites coses los capitans del dit stol donaren comiat a les dites naus e a totes les altre fustes radonas. E ells feren lur via ab les fustes de rems. E a dies seguens fort pochs, lo capita del stol de Valencia requeri lo capita de Mallorques que degues aquell sequir (: seguir) faent la via de levant. E lo capita de Mallorques dix al dit capita de Valencia que ell era prest e apparellat de seguir aquell ahon anar volgues; pero que lo dit capita de Valencia volgues seguir lo dit capita de Mallorques per combatre e pendre lo loch de Alcoll è de Giger. La qual cosa lo dit capita de Valencia fer no volch, ans se departi de aquell, e feu sa via per levant. Les quals coses axi seguidas, lo capita de Mallorques fen la via de Alcoll, e pres aqui terra e afogua e crema lo loch jusa (jussà; deius, de jus, de ius, de yuso), e mataren aqui V. moros, cor tots los qui en lo dit loch staven, hagerent buydat (leo buydát) lo dit loch. Partint del dit loch de Alcoll lo dit capita ab les dites sues fustes, vench en lo loch de Giser, </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">e aqui ell ab alscuns de la sua galea, e altres de la galea dels pageses devallaren en terra, e fort rigorosament e asperta acostarentse (leo acostarensea) al mur, e arboraren lurs ascales per ascalar lo dit loch. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E per so car los altres de las altres fustes no hi volgueren ajudar ne fer secors, hagerense (se hagueren : se tuvieron) del dit loch partir, e tornarsen ab gran vergonya e minva lur (su mengua).<br /><br />Continuará en Viaje literario... </span></p>Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comPalma, Islas Baleares, España39.5696005 2.650160311.259366663821154 -32.5060897 67.879834336178845 37.8064103tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1217969734972724911.post-28636746582410220262022-12-24T11:43:00.001+01:002022-12-24T11:43:35.176+01:00Convenientia inter Episcopos Aragonensem et Rotensem an. MLXXX. (1080)<p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">XXXVI. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Convenientia inter Episcopos Aragonensem et Rotensem an. MLXXX. (1080) (Vid. pág. 145). </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ex arch. eccl. Rotensis, et ex autentico et coaevo translato in eccl. Illerd. (Lérida) </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">In nomine sanctae Trinitatis. Hoc est testamentum pacti quod fecimus nos Episcopi, scilicet, ego <b>Garsias, Aragonensis Episcopus</b>, et ego <b>Raimundus, Rotensis ecclesiae Episcopus</b>. Orta namque contencio fuerat inter nos de antiquis terminis nostri episcopatus, quia olim, Christiana religione expulsa ex nostra patria, invadente impia <u>Ismaelitarum </u>gente <b>Ispaniam</b>, destructis Sedibus, captivata patria, fuerant nobis longa oblivione incogniti. Venientes itaque ante praesentiam excellentissimi ac piissimi Principis nostri Sancii facta ad invicem concordia constituimus causam iudicio eius. At ille divina inspirante clemencia statuit nobis certos finium limites per quos omnis occasio altercationis possit ammoveri et a nobis et a successoribus nostris. Itaque in <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/04/la-reconquista-de-ainsa.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Suprarbiensi</a> (<a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/04/la-reconquista-de-ainsa.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Sobrarbe</a>) regione constituit terminos, ut sicut surgit illa serra quae vocatur <b>Arvi </b>(super Arvi o Arbi), habens ex septentrionali latere oppida quae vocantur <b><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/12/lx-perg-220-septiembre-1149.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Elson</a> </b>et <b><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/search?q=Abizanda" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Avinzanla</a></b>, et protenditur in orientem contra castrum quod vocatur <b><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/04/sitio-barbastro-1064.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Civitas</a></b>, pertingens usque ad <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/05/xlii-perg-935-jaime-i-20-enero-1243-limites-cathalonie-aragonis.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">fluvium qui dicitur </a><b><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/05/xlii-perg-935-jaime-i-20-enero-1243-limites-cathalonie-aragonis.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Cincha</a> </b>(<a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/05/xlii-perg-935-jaime-i-20-enero-1243-limites-cathalonie-aragonis.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">río Cinca</a>): omnis haec regio <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/04/la-reconquista-de-ainsa.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Suprarbiensis</a> ex supradicta parte septentrionalis lateris usque ad <b><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/06/capitulo-v-5.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Pirineos</a> </b>montes, <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/05/xlii-perg-935-jaime-i-20-enero-1243-limites-cathalonie-aragonis.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">sicuti dividit supra dictus fluvius Cincha</a> decurrens a <b><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/07/capitulo-xxxiii-constantino-magno-arcadio-honorio-naciones-barbaras-vandalos-suevos-alanos.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Pirineo</a></b>, sit juris Aragonensis episcopatus. Villa vero quae dicitur <b><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/03/xxix-perg-602-alfonso-i-dic-1191-belsa-bielsa.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Belsa</a> </b>sita inter duos ramos fluminis ad radices eiusdem montis <b><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/06/capitulo-v-5.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Pirinei</a></b> totaque provincia ultra praedictum fluvium ad orientalem plagam, sit juris Rotensis ecclesiae. Iterumque constituit ut si miserante Deo fuerit gens <b><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/search?q=agarenos" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ismaelitarum</a> </b>a nostris finibus expulsa, sicuti ipso largiente in proximo futurum esse credimus et speramus, omnis regio <b><a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/12/carta-ciii-antigua-sede-ictosa-tolba-falc-falce.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Barbutana</a></b>, sicuti descenditur ex supra scripta serra <b>Arvi</b>, habens ex meridiano latere castra quae vocantur <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/06/muerte-sancho-ramirez-saeta-flecha-huesca.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><b>Nabal</b></a> (<a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/06/muerte-sancho-ramirez-saeta-flecha-huesca.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Naval</a>) et <b>Salinas </b>et <b><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/04/la-reconquista-de-alquezar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Alchezar</a> </b>(<a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/04/la-reconquista-de-alquezar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Alquézar</a>, <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/04/hermanos-isarre-reconquista-alquezar-abiego.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">al qsar</a>) et alia quamplura usque ad rivum qui dicitur <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/04/hermanos-isarre-reconquista-alquezar-abiego.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"><b>Alcanadre</b></a>, simili modo sit juris ecclesiae Rotensis (a). Castrum vero quod dicitur <b>Situli</b>, et villa quae vocatur <b>Biarag </b>simulque omnis regio quae est infra supra scriptum rivum, sit juris ecclesiae <b><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/07/escarmiento-nobles-huesca-campana-ramiro-ii.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Oscensis</a> </b>urbis. Hoc igitur decretum omni tempore ab omnibus Episcopis qui nobis loco et ordine successerint, volumus firmum illibatumque servare, ut pax et concordia sit inter eos, ut nulli deinceps pro supra dictis terminis litigandi occasio oriatur. Facta confirmationis pagina III. idus decembris, anno ab Incarnatione Domini LXXX. era vero C. XVIII. </span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">post M. in <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/05/fundacion-destruccion-ciudad-pano-san-juan-pena-botaya-jaca.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">monasterio <b>Sancti Johannis Babtistae de Penna</b></a>, (<a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/05/fundacion-destruccion-ciudad-pano-san-juan-pena-botaya-jaca.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">San Juan Bautista de la Peña</a>) anno XVIII. <b>regni supra dicti Principis</b>, (rey Sancii, Sancio, Sancho) consistente <u>Abbate Sancio</u> in eodem <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/05/fundacion-destruccion-ciudad-pano-san-juan-pena-botaya-jaca.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">monasterio Sancti Johannis</a>, Grimaldus vero Abbas in monasterio <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/04/santa-cruz-guia-camino-pueyo-araguas.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Sancti Victoriani</a>, Sancius Galindez, (de <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/04/gestas-conde-bernardo-ribagorza.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Galindo</a>, Sancho <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/04/gestas-conde-bernardo-ribagorza.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Galíndez</a>) Comes in <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/06/peregrinos-escultores-boltana-iglesia-colegial-crucifijo.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Boltangna</a> (b: In Cartorali Bolutania) (conde en <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/06/peregrinos-escultores-boltana-iglesia-colegial-crucifijo.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Boltaña</a>) et in <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/06/nacimiento-san-juan-de-la-pena-atares-jaca.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Atares</a> (<a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/06/nacimiento-san-juan-de-la-pena-atares-jaca.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Atarés</a>) et in <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/07/perdida-pitilla-siglo-xiii-sos-rey-catolico.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Sosi</a> (<a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/07/perdida-pitilla-siglo-xiii-sos-rey-catolico.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Sos</a>), <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/07/garcia-aznarez-asesino-centulo-bigorra-sallent-gallego.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Centullus Bigorrensis</a> Comes (<a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/07/garcia-aznarez-asesino-centulo-bigorra-sallent-gallego.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Céntulo de Bigorra</a>) in <b>Penna </b>et in <b>Ara</b>, <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/06/muerte-sancho-ramirez-saeta-flecha-huesca.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Sancius Ranimiriz</a>, (<a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/06/muerte-sancho-ramirez-saeta-flecha-huesca.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Sancho Ramírez</a>) <b>frater Regis</b> in <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/05/lix-perg-2222-jame-i-25-mar-1273-benavarre.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Benavarre</a> et in <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castillo_de_Fantova" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Fontova</a>, Guillermus Servi Dei in <b>Capella</b>. = Ego <b>Sancius gratias Deo Rex <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/12/c-perg-30-mayo-1157.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Pampilonensis</a> et Aragonensis</b> hanc definitionem laudo et proprio signo corroboro. = Signum + <b>Sancii Regis</b>. = Ego <b>Petrus, Sancii Regis filius</b> hanc definitionem laudo et proprio signo corroboro. = + (Firma en árabe) +. = Ego <u>Sancius Porcho</u> jussione Domini mei <b>Regis</b> hanc cartam scripsi et isto signo + feci. </span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(a) In Cartorali eccl. Roten., núm. 24. sic: Sit juris ecclesiae <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/12/carta-ciii-antigua-sede-ictosa-tolba-falc-falce.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Barbutanae</a> urbis quae debet esse episcopalis Sedes loco antiquae urbis <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/12/carta-ciii-antigua-sede-ictosa-tolba-falc-falce.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Hictosae</a>, quia in suburbio eius est fundata pro ea. Castrum vero, etc. Haec verba desunt in transl. eccl. Illerd.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedro_I_de_Arag%C3%B3n" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedro_I_de_Arag%C3%B3n</a> (Petrus, Sancii Regis filius; Pedro I, hijo de Sancho I, Sancho Ramírez)</span></p>Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1217969734972724911.post-24258685403216990542022-11-19T23:33:00.000+01:002023-10-17T20:58:54.466+02:00ÍNDICE (tomos 27 y 28)<p><span face="Verdana, sans-serif" style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">ÍNDICE (<a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">tomos 27 y 28</a> de la colección)</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(Las páginas son las del pdf, no coinciden con este formato)</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"> <span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> <span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span></span>Pág.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">TOMO PRIMERO.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/2020/05/pedro-miguel-carbonell-pere-miquel.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">PRÓLOGO</a> 1</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/2020/05/biografia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">BIOGRAFÍA</a>. 1</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/2020/05/documentos-referencia-biografia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Documentos a que se hace referencia en la biografía</a> <span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span>31 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/2020/05/notas-autografas-referencia-biografia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Notas autógrafas a que se hace referencia en la biografía</a> <span> </span><span> </span><span> </span>81</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/2020/05/historia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">HISTORIA</a> <span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> <span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> <span> </span><span> </span></span></span>119 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/2020/05/exequiis-sepultura-infirmitate-regis-joannis-secundi-juan-ii-aragon.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">De exequiis sepultura et infirmitate Regis Joannis secundi</a>. <br />Liber foeliciter incipit. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mandato del rey Don Fernando. <span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span> 137 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Rubrica de tots los capitols del present libre. <span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span><span> </span>288</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Açi son scrites per via de memorial totes les coses necessaries a les exequies de la sepultura del Illustrissimo senyor don Joan de gloriosa memoria rey de Arago de Navarra de Sicilia etc.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per lo capellardent. 299</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De les banderes per arrossegar. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels scuts pera correr. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De les cotes darmes. 300 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels scuts per anar a peu derrera lo cors. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del home a cavall anant derrera lo cors e portant scut e standart al coll e I elm en lo cap 301</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De les brandoneres per portar los siris a la sepultura.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De les persones qui deuen esser convidades per fer luminaria.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels homens qui iran debaix la litera portants aquella. 302</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels scuts de diverses armes Reals e altres per cosir al pali qui ira sobre lo cors.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De la scala o litera per portar lo cors a la sepultura. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De les candeles e diners per la oferta. 303 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels scuts o senyals per los siris.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De la almoyna faedora lo dia de la sepultura.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De les moltes misses quis diran lo dia de la sepultura.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels bastaxos portants les brandoneres. 304 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del rompre dels Reals segells.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quant va lo cors Real a la sepultura.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels VIII cavallers qui han correr les armes del senyor Rey. 305</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels tres herauts anants denant los dits VIII cavallers. 306 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels munteros.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dels quatre homens a peu portants quattre scuts.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De la gent qui seguira lo cors a la sepultura. 307 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los prelats e persones a qui deu esser notificat fassen luminaria si fer ne volran per <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/10/lluis-companys-un-genocida-como.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">acompanyar</a> lo cors del senyor Rey a la sepultura son los seguents. 308</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Los VIII cavallers ordenats pera correr les armes Reals son los seguents. 309</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Per aportar a cavall lo standar o tallamar e lescut e elmet derrera lo cors del senyor Rey. 310 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">DE INFIRMITATE DOMINI REGIS JOANNIS ET EIUS OBITU APUD EPISCOPALEM PALACIUM URBIS BARCINONAE. 311 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Haec quae sequntur de transitu vitae Regis Joannis ad vitam aeternam ego <a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Petrus Michael Carbonellus</a> habui ab honorabili et circunspecto viro domino Gabriele Miro in artibus et medicina Magistro qui summarie que in his sciebat mihi retulit quorum verba haec sunt stylo infimo et raptine exarata. 313</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/2020/05/apendice-libro-exequias.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Apéndice al libro de las exequias</a>.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Capítulo copiado del “Libre de algunes coses assenyalades succehides en Barcelona y altres parts. Pere Joan Comes." A. M.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Libre 2. cap. 24. De la malaltia del senyor Rey En Joan y de la sua mort y de la honrrada sepultura que li fonch feta. 321</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Relato a igual objeto que el capítulo anterior, copiado del Archivo de la antigua Diputación de los tres estamentos de Cataluña, fol. 74 v. del dietario del trienio de 1476 a 79. 332</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">AD GABRIELEM VILELL PRESBYTERUM DE VITA ET MIRACULIS DIVI SEVERI BARCINONENSIS ANTISTITIS EPISTOLA ET ETIAM DE EIUS CORPORIS TRANSLATIONE. 335 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Hymnus ad Sanctum Severum.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ad beatum Severum Barcinonensem Episcopum dignissimum hanc facio orationem ego quidem Archivarius memoratus. 349</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ad Gabrielem Vilell presbyterum alia epistola de vita Sancti Severi. 351 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Confirmación de privilegios al monasterio de San Cucufate del Vallés, por la donación del cuerpo de S. Severo. 355</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">SUPER FACTO EXPULSIONIS HERETICORUM JUDEORUMQUE AB OMNIBUS TERRIS REGIS CASTELLAE ARAGONUM LEGIONIS SICILIAE GRANATAE ET ÇETERA AC SUPER DEDITIONE REGNI GRANATAE ATQUE PACE FIRMATA INTER IPSUM REGEM NOSTRUM ET REGEM FRANCORUM NEC NON RECUPERATIONE COMITATUUM RUSCINONIS ET CERRITANIAE ETIAMQUE ALIIS PRO PACE SERVANDA MEMORATA DIGNIS PLERAQUE ALIA HIC DESCRIBUNTUR. 369</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Epigramas a Miguel Pérez Almazán. 374 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Liber descriptionis reconciliacionisque purgationis et condemnationis hereticorum alias de gestis hereticorum. 377</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Regia licentia inquirendi adversus hereticos concesa fratri Bernardo de Podio ordinis fratrum minorum in sacra pagina magistro pravitatis hereticae Inquisitori apud provintiam Provintiae (Provenza) a qua heretici fugiendo recedentes Cataloniam petiebant. 378 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Advertencia final. 395</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">TOMO SEGUNDO.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fórmula del juramento prestado por los Diputados y Concelleres de Barcelona al inquisidor. 5 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pensio assignata Inquisitori hereticae pravitatis. 7 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Id. id. 8</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dies processionis. 9 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Secunda processio in urbe Barcinone. 20</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Secuntur homines reconsiliati gremio Sanctae Matris Ecclesiae quia confessi fuerant post gratiam. 21</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sequuntur feminae reconsiliate gremio Sancte matris Ecclesiae qui confessae fuerant post gratiam. 22</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sententia adversus hereticos in fuga arreptos Christi imaginem verberantes ac vituperantes. 27</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Alia publicatio adversus hereticos. 29</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nomina illorum et illarum pro quibus statuae factae et combustae fuere. 30</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Publicatio quatuor personarum in heretica pravitate depraehensarum facta in Ecclesia Barcinonensi. 32 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Alia publicatio octo personarum. 34</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Processio intra tempus Gratiae in civitate Tarraconae. 35</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Forma abjurationis. 37</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Reconsiliati et carceri perpetuo condemnati apud urbem Tarraconam. 39</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Combusti condemnati et Brachio seu Curiae Saeculari traditi in statuis. 41</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Personae condemnatae et earum statuae combustae.. 49</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ordo expoliationis supravestium ut vulgo loquamur garnachiarum. 50 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Condemnati et Curiae seu Brachio saeculari traditi in statuis in Gerunda. 52 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Capti adducti ad locum destinatum vulgo nuncupatum Canyet ubi fuerunt combusti. 53</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Condemnati et brachio seculari traditi in statuis. 54</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Neophyti fugitivi urbis Barcinonae. 61</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Personae reconsiliatae. 63</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Alia publicatio personarum deprehensarum et carceri perpetuo condemnatarum. 65</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Reconciliati et carceribus perpetuis condemnati. 66</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">Translat de la sentencia donada per los reverents pares inquisidors de heretica pravedat de la ciutat de Avila del Regne de Castella contra un nomenat Benet Garcia queis cardador heretich e condempnat del loch de la Guardia en lany Mil CCCCXXXXXI trames</span><span> </span><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">per lo reverent pare lo senyor prior de la Sancta Creu inquisidor general de la heretica pravitat als reverents pares inquisidors de</span><span> </span><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">la ciutat de Barcelona. 68</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2022/11/pragmatica-domini-regis-alfonsi-secundi.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Pragmatica domini Regis Alfonsi</a> secundi (<a href="https://estatuto.aragon.es/content/alfonso-iii" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Alfonso III de Aragón</a>, Alfonso II como conde de Barcelona) quod omnes officiales domini Regis tam Aragonum Valentiae Maioricarum et Cataloniae teneantur ad eius requisitionem obedire Inquisitori hereticae pravitatis quicumque fuerit ordinis praedicatorum in capiendis hereticis et etiam eis incarcerandis et alias adversus eos procedendo pro favori fidei catholicae. Dada Barcinonae VIII calendas julii anno Domini <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2022/11/pragmatica-domini-regis-alfonsi-secundi.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">MCCLXXXVI</a>. 75</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Condemnati et eorum bona fisco et camerae Regiae confiscata. 78</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Memoria processum.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Apud civitatem Gerundam. 82</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Apud villam seu oppidum Perpiniani. 83</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mortui pro hereticis condemnati apud urbem Gerundam. 84</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Omnes civitatis Gerundae. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Omnes oppide sive villae Castilionis Emporiarum.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Absentes pro hereticis condemnati apud urbem Gerundam. 85</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Reconsiliati et carceribus perpetuis condemnati apud urbem Barcinonam. 86</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sententia. 88 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Abjuratio. 113</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Interrogationes reconsiliandis faciendae de articulis fidei et primo de articulis divinitatis. 115</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sequuntur articuli humanitatis Christi. 116</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De Sacramentis. 117</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Absolución y capítulo final de sentencia. 118 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sententia canonicae purgationis Angelinae uxoris Joannis Vilella mercatoris. 123 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cédula presentada por el procurador de la rea, y otros procedimientos. 125</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Abjuración de Angelina. 130</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sentencia. 133</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De servis et captivis manumissis et franchis propter crimina hereticalia suorum dominorum et sunt sequentes. 136</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nomina reconciliatorum et condemnatorum diocesis Urgellensis. 137</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fugitius de Balaguer. 139</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Defuncts de Balaguer. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Condenados y reconciliados. 140</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Id. y entregados al brazo seglar. 141</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Id. a cárcel perpetua. 143</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Id. y absueltos. 144</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Id. a cárcel perpetua.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Id. a ser quemados, reconciliados en estatua, difuntos etc. 146</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Absueltos, condenados o reconciliados en estatua etc. 147</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Muertos y ausentes fugitivos condenados en Tarragona. 148</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Reconciliados y absueltos en idem. 149 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Condenados en estatua y entregados a la Curia seglar en idem. 150 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Entregados idem en idem. 151</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Siguen otras varias condenas en Tarragona y Barcelona, en diversas fechas. 152</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Condena de muertos, exhumación y quema de sus cadáveres en Gerona. 157</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Condenados a cárcel y reconciliados en Barcelona. 158</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De la sinagoga en Valencia feta per mals christians alias heretges de styrpe judeorum. 159</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Capitulo de una lettra del fiscal de la Inquisition de Valentia fecha al fiscal de la Inquisition de Barcelona sobrel caso que se fallo en casa de Miquel Viver converso de Valencia viernes en la noche a XX de marzo anno de 1500. 160</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Condenados, reconciliados, degradados, entregados al brazo seglar y quemados, destinados a galeras etc. en diversas fechas en Barcelona. 164</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sententia contra <a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/2022/11/sententia-contra-jacobum-de-casafranca.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Jacobum de Casafranca</a> locumtenentem Regii Thesaurarii. 170</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sententia contra mossen Dalmau de Tolosa prevere canonge e preborda de la Seu de Leyda natural del archabisbat de Tarragona. 187</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sententia contra Na Blanquina muller de Jacme de Casafranca heretge condemnat e quondam Lochtinent de thesorer per lo Rey nostre Senyor. 201 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sententia contra micer Francesch Franch doctor en cascun dret Regent la Cancellaria del Rey nostre Senyor detengut en los carcers de la Sancta Inquisitio en lo palau mayor Real de la ciutat de Barcelona. 214</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sententia donada per lo reverendissimo Senyor don Francesch Pays de Sotomajor e frare Guillem Caselles del orde de preicadors maestre en sacra theologia inquisidors ut sequitur contra mossen Urbano de natio italica dexeble de un heretge quis diu Barba Jacobo qui va vestit de sachs com lo dit Urbano mateix va vestit. 221</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">APÉNDICE.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">PETRI MICHAELIS CARBONELLI BARCINONIS PUBLICI NOTARII <a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/2022/11/apendice-de-viris-illustribus-catalanis.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">DE VIRIS ILLUSTRIBUS CATALANIS</a> SUAE TEMPESTATIS LIBELLUS INCIPIT FOELICITER. 237 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lucianus Colominius.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Joannes Lubetus Barçinonensis. 238</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Joannes Margaritus Hierundensis Episcopus qui obiit cardinalis. 239</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ferrandus Valentinus.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Jacobus Paulus jurisconsultus. 240</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Joannes Raimundus Ferrarius. 241</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Gabriel Clepesius Balearis.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ferrarius Berardus Balearis.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Jacobus Gartias <a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">regius Archivarius</a> qui fuit praecesor meus <a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Petri scilicet Michaelis Carbonelli</a> in <a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">officio Regii Archivi Barcinonensis</a>. 242 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/2022/11/correspondencia-con-geronimo-pau.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Hieronymus Paulus</a>. 243</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Bartholomeus Gerbius.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Benia (Bonia) Valentinus.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Philipus Mealia. 244 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Jacobus Ripullus. 245</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Gabriel Canyelles. 247</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/2022/11/correspondencia-con-juan-villar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Correspondencia con Juan Villar</a> sobre genealogías y otros puntos históricos. 248 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2022/11/poesia-de-pere-miquel-carbonell.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">POESÍA</a>. 257</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">DANÇA DE LA MORT E DE AQUELLES PERSONES QUI MAL LLUR GRAT AB AQUELLA BALLEN E DANÇEN. 267 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Epigramma de felicitate et infelicitate hominis. 296</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">PETRI MICHAELIS CARBONELLI SCRIBAE ET ARCHIVARII REGII CARMINA IN TETRAE MORTIS ORRENDAM COREAM DIEBUS FESTIS JESU CHRISTI MAXIMI NATALICIIS ANNI SALUTIS MCCCCXCVIII DUM VULGUS INCERTUM LUDIS TAXILARIIS VACARET COMPOSITA FOELICITER INCIPIUNT. 297</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">COBLE COMPOSTA PER PERE MIQUEL CARBONELL ARCHIVER DEL REY NOSTRE SENYOR <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2022/11/coble-contra-los-negligents-scrivans.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">CONTRA LOS NEGLIGENTS SCRIVANS</a> LEXANTS SPAYS BLANCHS NO CONTINUANT HI LES CONCLUSIONS. 318</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2022/11/cobles-ab-tornada-corts-de-montso-1510.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">COBLES AB TORNADA</a> FETES PER PERE MIQUEL CARBONELL ARCHIVER DEL SENYOR REY E NOTARI PUBLICH DE BARCELONA CONTRA AQUELLS QUI INICAMENT E PER ENVEGE O CUPIDITAT HAN PROCURAT SIA FETA EN LES <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2022/11/cobles-ab-tornada-corts-de-montso-1510.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">CORTS DE MONTSO</a> CONTRA LO ARCHIVER REAL DE BARCELONA LA CONSTITUCIO SUPER FACTO REGESTORUM IMMITTENDORUM IN REGIUM ARCHIVUM BARCINONENSEM. 319 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Cobles ab tornada contra aquells qui <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2022/11/memoriale-n-55-b-fol-64-homens-inics-e.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">inicament</a> e <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2022/11/memoriale-n-55-b-fol-64-homens-inics-e.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">ab enveia</a> han instat e procurat <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2022/11/memoriale-n-55-b-fol-64-homens-inics-e.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">contra lo archiver</a> fer dita <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2022/11/memoriale-n-55-b-fol-64-homens-inics-e.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">constitucio en lany </a></span></span><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2022/11/memoriale-n-55-b-fol-64-homens-inics-e.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Mil DX</a>.</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Constitución a que se hace referencia en los versos anteriores.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Notas de Carbonell relativas a la misma constitución.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Cobles fetes per Pere Miquel Carbonell archiver del senyor Rey en <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2022/11/cobles-lahor-e-defensio-de-una-dama-qui.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">lahor e defensio de una dama qui exia del bany</a> segons es pintada en un <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2022/11/cobles-lahor-e-defensio-de-una-dama-qui.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">drap de pinzell</a> ab un galant qui la te <u>abrazada</u> e ab altre que sona <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2022/11/cobles-lahor-e-defensio-de-una-dama-qui.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">orgens</a> (<a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2022/11/cobles-lahor-e-defensio-de-una-dama-qui.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">orguens</a>) e altres scolten acompanyats de una altra dona e ab un <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2022/11/cobles-lahor-e-defensio-de-una-dama-qui.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">gat</a> que sona un <u><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2022/11/cobles-lahor-e-defensio-de-una-dama-qui.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">lehut</a></u> (<a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2022/11/cobles-lahor-e-defensio-de-una-dama-qui.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">lahut</a>, <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2022/11/cobles-lahor-e-defensio-de-una-dama-qui.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">laúd</a>) davant la taula ques dinaven e ara es retaula guarnit o comprat en lany mil D e quattre de la nativitat de nostre Senyor. E en loch de jugar lo dit Carbonell a gloria de nostre Senyor Deu e de la Sacratissima Verge Maria mare sua ses dispost compondre aquelles ço es en les festes de Nadal del any de la Nativitat de nostre Senyor (mil) cinccents e cinch. 329</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif" style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif" style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://www.etsy.com/es/listing/560262950/musico-gato-con-laud-renacentista" rel="nofollow" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;" target="_blank"><img alt="gato tocando laúd, renacimiento, renacentista" border="0" data-original-height="1100" data-original-width="864" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglyMoY6Ford_rM9zoGfbjwK29ijuSm7e_WAq60DuZ02WNiSJ0Ivk0mfogd9kkUntan0yML5IzKswjVeiltkvMDQvqHWhzJEZgHFrLAxc9QWVttvJwxEMk9B_1oKYcJrymnnWmvR6YbVVINvOkQD0saUvkI9PUsm9k37hywUY4rvFDwTIhWst-mXXMcgA/w314-h400/gato-la%C3%BAd.webp" title="gato tocando laúd, renacimiento, renacentista" width="314" /></a></span></div><span face="Verdana, sans-serif" style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span><br /></span></span><p></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aquesta es la primera obra que yo Pere Miquel Carbonell notari publich de Barcelona he feta ans que fos notari ço es en lo quart digmenge de Coresma que comptavem XXX de març del any Mil CCCCLIIII per honor de una <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2022/11/fol-259-60-y-61-magdalena-penitentia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">joya de Sancta Maria Magdalena</a> que lo discret mossen Montserrat Torres prevere posa dins la esglesia de Sant Just de la dita ciutat. 333</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2022/11/ave-pia-magdalena-tu-es-dita-pretiosa.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Divae Marie Magdalenae orationem tum latino tum vulgari sermone</a> rythmisque confectum Petrus Michael Carbonellus Barcinonensis edidit canicula regnante anno Christi MCCCCLXXIIII. 339 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2022/11/correspondencia-literaria.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">CORRESPONDENCIA LITERARIA</a>. 345</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2022/11/correspondencia-con-francisco-cassagia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Correspondencia con Francisco Cassagia</a>. 349 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Epistola in laudem <a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Petri Michaelis Carbonelli tabellionis</a> ab egregio viro Francisco Cassagia pontificii juris interprete edita et directa probissimo ac scientissimo <a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/2022/11/correspondencia-con-geronimo-pau.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Hieronimo (pone Hieromino) Paulo</a> jurisconsulto Barcinone apud urbem nuper degenti quia Romam iter fecere ex nostra urbe Barcinona.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Franciscus Casassaia ad P. M. Carbonellum. 349</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/2022/11/correspondencia-con-juan-villar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Correspondencia con Juan Villar.</a></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Exemplum litterarum aeditarum exercitationis honestate et oblactamenti gratia super nonnullis antiquorum gravitatibus editarum ab <a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/2022/11/correspondencia-con-juan-villar.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Joanne Villario</a> jureconsulto et Petro Michaele Carbonello tabellione. 351</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2022/11/correspondencia-con-guillermo-fuster.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Correspondencia con Guillermo Fuster</a>.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Epigramma huiusmodi venerabilis et honestissimus frater Guillelmus Fustarius conventualis monasterii Sancti Hieronymi Vallis de Ebron Barcinonensis diocesis personuit et ipsum ad me <a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Petrum Michaelem Carbonellum</a> notarium quem librum de dictis et factis Regis Alfonsi cum aliis operibus sibi accomodato dederam intra tempus pactum et promissum una cum dicto libro mittere curavit. 359 </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Littere quibus respondetur predictis et librum restitutum iterum in commendam mitto et epigramma in quo nomen et cognomen meum contineatur fieri postulo aliaque resonantes. 360</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Epigramma... amico summo viroque doctissimo Petro Michaeli Carbonell tabellioni. 363</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Epigramma... clarissimo viro ac devotionis eximiae fratri <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2022/11/correspondencia-con-guillermo-fuster.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Guilielmo Fusterio</a> ordinis Sancti Hieronymi Vallis Ebronis in agro Barcinonensi. 364</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ad devotionis eximie virum religiosum fratrem <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2022/11/correspondencia-con-guillermo-fuster.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">G. Fusterium</a> apud Ebronium Caenobium. 365</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/2022/11/correspondencia-con-geronimo-pau.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Correspondencia con Gerónimo Pau</a>. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Epistola quibus elementis Barcinona scribi debet solicite inquirens. 367</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Epistola quibus elementis Barcinona scribatur prudenter respondens. <br /><a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/2022/11/correspondencia-con-geronimo-pau.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Hieronimus Paulus</a> P. Michaeli Carbonello. 369</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De fide marmorum quibus elementis Barcino et Tarraco scribi debeant epistola accuratius respondet Carbonellus. 374</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Huiusmodi epistolam Petrus ipse Michael Carbonellus Barcinonius tabellio lucubratione una edidi adeo quod morem gererem voluntati amicissimi contribulisque mei <a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/2022/11/correspondencia-con-geronimo-pau.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Hieronymi Pauli</a> jure consulti Barcinonensis qui me suis litteris monuit ut fingerem epistolam a se editam (ut infra post hanc a me edita et mihi directa) subscriptum Theseum ad me dedisse. Cuius rei causam is Theseus impresentia ignorat. 376</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/2022/11/correspondencia-con-geronimo-pau.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Epistole Hieronymi Pauli</a> in premissis Thesei litteris enarrate tenor talis est quam is Hieronymo edidit per hec verba. 378</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>FIN DEL TOMO VIGÉSIMO OCTAVO DE <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/09/coleccion-documentos-ineditos-archivo-general-corona-aragon-tomo-xiv-14.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">LA COLECCIÓN</a>, SEGUNDO </span></span><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">DE LOS <a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">OPÚSCULOS INÉDITOS DEL CRONISTA CATALÁN PEDRO MIQUEL CARBONELL</a>.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">//</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br />TOMOS PUBLICADOS<br />(28 en total, <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/09/coleccion-documentos-ineditos-archivo-general-corona-aragon-tomo-xiv-14.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">editados por Ramón Guimerá Lorente</a> ; no encontré en su día ni edité los tomos 20, 21, 22, 23)<br /><br />EN PRENSA.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Proceso contra <a href="https://regnemallorca.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Jaime III, último rey de Mallorca</a>.</span><br /></span></span></p>Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1217969734972724911.post-84553341496003920052022-11-19T23:15:00.000+01:002023-02-20T11:51:34.838+01:00CORRESPONDENCIA CON GERÓNIMO PAU.<p><span face="Verdana, sans-serif" style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">CORRESPONDENCIA CON GERÓNIMO PAU.</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fol. 276.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Epistola quibus elementis Barcinona scribi debet solicite inquirens.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/05/historia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Petrus Michael Carbonellus tabellio Barcinonensis</a> <b>Hieronymo Paulo</b> Caesarei iuris profesori contribulo suo P. S. D. Nequeo satis atque satis mirari vir egregie de barbarie quorundam concivium <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/05/historia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Barcinonensium</a> qui absque ratione aliqua et fundamento peritorum verba plurima non modo <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/09/tomas-bosque-la-codonera-teruel-arago.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">inepte</a> scribere et pronuntiare non erubescunt immo si quos emendate scribentes vident ac ab eorum <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/08/lo-reguer.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">imperitia</a> alienos audent stolidi eos obiurgare ac illorum doctrinam velut haereticam detestari nec tantum profecto doleo quod iniuria docti reprehendantur quam quod ipsi ignorantiam appetentes rudes indoctique persistant. Accidit nuper ex collegio nostro versipellem quempiam (quoniam vidisset me urbis nostrae nomen per C. exile scripsisse) chachinno pene crepuisse. Aiebat enim <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/03/artur-quintana-arturo-quintana.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">homo illitteratus</a> usum in ea dictione scribenda servandum esse asserens a septingentis annis citra sic scriptam in publicis <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/02/lxxii-perg-220-fol-41-28-junio-1321.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">instrumentis</a> comperiri sed quare ea tempora semibarbara fuisse sciebam nihili eius fundamentum existimavi sed querens si ante divi Constantini tempora hoc urbis nostre nomen per <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/03/clvii-arch-dip-diet-1460-diciembre.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">C. aspiratum</a> apud quenquam auctorum adinvenisset et quoniam in se nescire diceret et si sciret se non curare <a href="http://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/11/manuel-riu-fillat-insulte-amics-del-chapurriau-ignacio-sorolla-vidal-lo-apoye.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">iratus</a> inscitiae hominis eum reliqui. Nunc te vehementer oro ad me escribas quomodo id urbis nostrae nomen scribendum esse sentias et an <b><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/03/clvii-arch-dip-diet-1460-diciembre.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">aspirari in eo nomine C. littera</a></b> debeat necne. Vale</span><span> </span><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">et me tui observatissimum ama. Barcinonae calendis <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2021/03/4-10-febrero-1462.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">februariis</a> anno salutis MCCCCLXXV.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">Insiguiendo el plan que nos habíamos propuesto de dar a conocer en esta obra solamente la parte inédita de los trabajos debidos a la pluma del infatigable archivero, debiéramos omitir en este punto la importante contestación dada a la carta que antecede por el primo de Carbonell, el reputado jurisconsulto y literato Gerónimo Pau, por</span><span> </span><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">haberla dado a luz en su <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/07/carta-50-proteccion.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Marca Hispánica</a>, como dato para corroborar la etimología de Barcelona, el sabio Pedro de Marca arzobispo de París, quien al citar el nombre del expresado etimologista, cuya opinión es de tanto peso para Carbonell, lo acompaña con honrosos calificativos, que son la mejor prueba de la importancia que mereciera en el mundo literario: <b>Hieronimus Paulus</b> vir gravis et eruditus (pone erudi-ditus); pero como Carbonell era pródigo en sacar copias de sus escritos, y hayamos observado alguna diferencia entre la reproducida por <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/11/tomo-12-indice-de-las-cosas-mas-notables.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Marca</a>, que ignoramos de donde la tomaría, y la que existe autógrafa en el códice de Gerona, tratándose precisamente en la misma carta de etimologías y desinencias o terminaciones, para lo que se requiere no omitir ni una sola letra, hemos creído indispensable publicarla aquí, tal como se encuentra en el referido códice, ya porque bajo este punto de vista puede considerarse como original inédito, ya por no interrumpir esta parte de correspondencia, acaso la más interesante de cuantas componen esta sección especial, que consideramos no menos como otro de los interesantes trabajos de Carbonell.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fol. 276 v.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Epistola quibus elementis <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/09/13-de-enero.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Barcinona</a> scribatur prudenter respondens. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Hieronimus Paulus P. Michaeli Carbonello S.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">Non <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2018/12/javier-giralt-latorre.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">mediocriter</a> mea sententia errare videntur mi Carbonelle jureque reprehendendi sunt immo nec inter cives habendi qui nomina <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/03/artur-quintana-arturo-quintana.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">urbium in quibus nati</a> alitique sunt scire haud impudenter negligunt. Quis enim non eum merito vituperet qui patris sui aut genitricis verum nomen ignoretur. Cum igitur patriam nostram nobis parentem esse sciamus et multa nos ei debere veterum scriptis manifestum sit turpissimum esse arbitror nomen parentis nostrae hoc est urbis in qua quotidie versamur pudentius ignorare. Et cum id scire omnibus profecto expediat omnesque contingat litteratis tamen viris id non ignorare per necessarium est tibique praecipue cum tabellio sis publicus et dietim nomen urbis istius te in instrumentis apponere contingat die de more adiectis et anno. Hac fortasssis ipse occasione adductus tuis litteris petitis et obsecratis admodum ad te scribam quo nomine urbem istam a majoribus appellatam esse comperiam et an in ea dictione <b>aspirari C littera debeat</b>. Ad responsionem ergo veniens et primo (ut mihi videtur) absoluto postremum etiam (quod petis) notissimum fiet cum altero dubium ex altero (ni fallor) pendeat. Sed potius mihi quedam praenotanda videntur quo liquidius ordinatiusque ad solutionem petitionis descensus fiat. Propria igitur nomina animalium locorumve quae neque Graecam neque Latinam derivationem aut analogiam habent a nostris grammaticis eo modo nobis scribenda esse traduntur quo apud priscos approbatosque auctores sive Graecos sive Latinos diligentius scripta invenerimus et</span><span> </span><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">id non sine ratione cum in barbaris dictionibus nec analogiam facilem cognoscamus neque etiam derivationem aut etymologiam. Auctoritati ergo antiquorum necessario standum est qui cum proximiores fuerint aetati qua nomina ipsa barbara initium habuerunt praesumitur juxta eorum pronuntiationem litteris mutatis in Graecum aut Latinum vertisse quandoque eas nostro more flectentes quandoque litteris tantum mutatis eas inflexas more </span><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">barbaro reliquiisse ut credendum sit antiquissimos ipsos Graecorum veteres ubi videbant a barbaris nomen aliquot aspirate proferri id in Graecam vertentes litteraturam eo loco quo et barbari aspirari solitos esse. Testis est horum et Calagurritanus noster et prisci Latinorum grammatici referentes saepius nostre aetatis orthographiae autore Tortellio. Cum ergo nomen istud nostrae urbis constet barbarum esse et non Graecum et ejusdem pene nominis legamus in Aphrica fuisse urbem quam jam Barcinonium caput appellant et Hastrubali etiam a quo forte urbs ista condita fuit Barcino cognomen fuisse Livius scripserit. Querendum nunc ergo est quo nomine ab Graecorum et Latinorum majoribus haec barbara urbs fuerit appellata ut eo etiam (per ea quae supra memoravimus) a nobis appelletur. Sed prius ordo exigit his respondere qui audacius praedicant anilibus imbuti fabulis nomen istius urbis Latinum esse et ab Hercule cum Gerionem peteret conditam fuisse affirmant ab eo a nona ut aiunt barca cum ad ea litora sorte appulisset Barcinonam appellatam extitisse. Quae omnia longe a veritate aliena esse arbitror cum nusquam haec legantur et tamen ejus Ducis introitus in Hispaniam urbesque ab eo conditae ab Diodoro Siculo et Pompeio Trogo diffusius scribantur. Nulla tamen apud eos hujus oppidi mentio habetur. Nec verissimile praeterea est </span><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">Herculem ipsum Graecum patrii forsitan sermonis oblitum nomine barbaro et Latino urbem in Hispania appellavisse. Barca enim non Latinum esse sed Afrum nemo ambigit pro eo dictum quod Latini musculos aut actuarias naves appellant. Nona fateor Latinum esse. Et ideo minime credendum est Graecum Ducem hujusmodi nomen urbi indidisse liciter et aliter contra hanc fabulam sequentes argui possit quod scilicet Barcino et Barcilon non Barcinona ut jam videbimus ab antiquis scriptum inveniamus. Superest hac insana opinione repulsa enarrare antiquos omnes auctores qui aut historias aut cosmographiam scripserint qua appellatione hanc urbem de qua quaerimus nuncuparunt. Primus omnium ut ipse comperio Pomponius Mela qui Augusti temporibus scripsit hujus urbis in secundo de cosmographia libro meminit sub his verbis Inde inquit ad Tarraconem parva sunt oppida Blande Luro Betulo Barcino et rursus Rubricatum in Barcinonis littore. Plinius postea Veronensis in quarto naturalis historiae Hispaniarum oras discurrens sequentia scribit In ora autem </span><u>colonia</u><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"> </span><b>Barcino </b><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">cognomino </span><b><a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2023/02/carta-martin-vaylo-antonio-agustin-1572-licinia-manlia-marcia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Faventia</a></b><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">. </span><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">In quibusdam autem antiquis Plinii codicibus </span><b>Barcine</b><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"> invenitur et non Barcino. Et Paulus iurisconsultus Barcinonenses inquit juris Italici sunt et paulo post idem jus et Valentini. Et Dionysius Alexandrinus de Balearibus insulis loquens in haec fere verba cecinit. Altera que major est Tarraconam civitatem versus habet. Altera vero quae minor </span><b>Barcilonam</b><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"> contra potissimum septentrionem versa. Claudius etiam Ptolomeus Graeco sermone scribens sequentia edidit Rubricati fluvii (<a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/06/historia-condes-urgel-capitulo-1.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Llobregat</a>) hostia deinde *(palabra en griego; página 372) Occurrunt et recentiorum auctoritates. Antoninus Pius in Itinerariis Hierunda (Ierunda, Gerunda, Gerona) Barcinonae M. P. LXVI. Et alio loco Praetorio Barcinonae M. P. XV. Divus etiam Hieronymus in libello quem de illustribus viris edidit Patianus inquit in Pyrinei jugis </span><b>Barcilone</b><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"> Episcopus. Et Paulus Orosius de Atphaulfo (Ataúlfo rey godo) Gotorum Rege loquens ait Apud Barcilonam a suis interfectus est. Et Ilarius Papa hujus nominis primus ad Scanium Tarraconensem Archiepiscopum scribens ut in regestis Pontificum legitur meminit dicens Remoto ab Ecclesia Barcinonensi et ad suam remisso Ireneo Episcopo sedatis per sacerdotalem modestiam voluptatibus quae per ignorantiam ecclesiarum legum <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/search?q=Desideri+Lombarte" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">desyderant</a> quod non licet obtinere talis protinus de clero proprio Barcinonensibus ordinetur Episcopus qualem te praecipue frater Ascani oporteat eligere. Ausonius etiam poeta ad Paulinum filium scribens ita locutus est Quanto me affecit beneficio non delata quidem sed suscepta querimonia mea Pauline fili veritus displicuisse oleum quod miseras munus iterasti addito etiam Barcinonensis murae condimento cumulatus praestitisti. Vidi et ipse Bononiae mundi figuram tabulis antiquissimis et pene vetustate consumptis litteris quae vix legi poterant in oris citerioris Hispaniae scriptum Barcino atramenti colore non rubro quo arguitur oppidum istud tempore quo tabule ille depictae fuerunt exiguum fuisse cum ibi Tarracon et Emporiae (Empuries) minio scripte cernerentur quo colore magnarum civitatum nomina etiam hodie signari solent. Ex his omnibus apparet variae hoc urbis nostrae nomen a priscis auctoribus terminatum fuisse ut et Barcino inveniamus et Barcinon quod saepius ab antiquis in nominibus propriis tertiae in omnibus desinentibus teste Prisciano usurpatum est ut dicatur Ruscino et Ruscinon Tarraco et Tarracon Narbo et Narbon Castulo et Castulon sicut plerunque in alia etiam terminatione fit cum inveniamus Arar et Araris Hispal et Hispalis Tolos et Tolosa Nicia et Nicea Carcaso et Carcasona. Et inde etiam Barcino et Barcinona qua plurimum terminatione Christiani auctores gaudent in urbium magnarumque civitatum nominibus ut pro Vlyxippone dicatur Vlyxibona et pro Tarracone Tarracona et pro Ancone in Piceno Ancona inveniatur etiam (ut vidimus) rarius tamen </span><b>Barcilon </b><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">et </span><b>Barcilona</b><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"> a Graecis prolatum </span><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">quam appellationem et recentiores et vulgus sequitur n liquida in l muta quod quandoque fieri Caesariensis etiam grammaticus firmat. Apud neminem autem scriptum comperio quod c littera aspiranda in </span><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">ea dictione sit cum apud <a href="https://brauliofoz.blogspot.com/2021/04/cronologia-necesaria-para-la-perfecta.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Graecos</a> non per K sed per X scribatur. Sive ergo dicamus Barcinonam sive Barcilonam nunquam c aspirari debet.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Haec sunt quae de nostrae urbis nomine non segnius ab antiquis auctoribus scrutatus ad te scribere volui cum enim particeps mecum amoris sis participem te etiam doctrinae esse convenit. Nunc te pro <a href="https://amicsdelchapurriau.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">nostra amititia</a> moneo atque obtestor ut istic diligentius explores si forte nomen urbis istius in antiquis marmoribus quae plura intus vetus oppidum plura intelligo sculptum invenies ut et marmorum antiquorum auctoritas quae non lenis habetur memoratis accedat auctoribus. Epigrammata etiam si qua repereris ad me antiquitatum amatorem mittito. Vale. Romae idibus junii anno salutis MCCCCLXXV.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fol. 278 v.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De fide marmorum quibus elementis Barcino et Tarraco scribi debeant epistola accuratius respondet Carbonellus.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">P. M. Carbonellus publicus tabellio Barcinonae Hieronymo Paulo viro imprimis litterato P. S. D. Etsi mihi tuae litterae iocundissimae sunt tamen jocundius fuit quod nomen urbis nostrae Barcinonis a pseudographis post divi Constantini tempora corruptum id suscitatum impresentiarum videatur quoniam antea huiuscemodi urbis insignis nomen ut auctoritatibus antiquorum qui in pretio habentur luculentissime apperuisti per C. haud aspiratum litterati scribebant tum etiam auctoritates ipse liquido corroborantur in antiquissimis marmoribus Barcinonis et Tarraconis intra oppida vetera reconditis que (ut ibi legerim) temporibus divi Aurelii Antonini in scripta fuere quem longe ante Constantinum imperasse exploratum habeo. Nam litteris tius (tuis) perlectis ut tuae morem gererem voluntati ad vetus oppidum Barcinonensium me contuli e vestigio et ad concivium sedes quaspiam ubi in pervetustissimis marmoribus non modo nostre urbis nomen absque aspiratione sed etiam Tarraconis duplicator et. a. ante et post sculptum comperitur. Quo sit ut ex inde in notis codicibus in et scripturis conficiendis tam per mei quam per alios qui hanc veram orthographiam servare imitarique voluerint huiusmodi nomina ut scripsistis scribentur. Tacebitur igitur homo ille neotericus ac versipellis quippe que procacius asserebat usum in ea dictione scribenda servandum esse meque novum eius auctorem dictionis per vicos et plateas praedicare non cessabat verum si tacere noluerit eum cum sua barbarie relinquemus postea quam te summum cosmographum et rerum antiquarum apprime studiosum aliosque doctissimos et approbatos viros in tuis litteris exaratos ad rem nostram tutandam in testes produxerim. Praeterea (ut spero) venient eminentiores viri imposterum qui tua et illorum doctrinam eximia commendationes dignissimam suscipere aequo animo curabunt. Ego vero indoctus tuam doctrinam mihi et posteris meis salutiferam tanquam matrem summis laudibus extollendam impresentiarum ac perdiu maximo cum honore reverentiaque amplecti non desinam. Sed si quod reconditum magis erit meque discere et scire opus esse putaris ad has litteras statim mihi rescribe. Vale et me tantum ama quantum te a me amari intelligis. Barcinone pridie nonas julias anno salutis MCCCCLXXV.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fol. 237.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Jesus Christus.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Huiusmodi epistolam Petrus ipse Michael Carbonellus Barcinonius tabellio lucubratione una edidi adeo quod morem gererem voluntati amicissimi contribulisque mei Hieronymi Pauli jure consulti Barcinonensis qui me suis litteris monuit ut fingerem epistolam a se editam (ut infra post hanc a me edita et mihi directa) subscriptum Theseum ad me dedisse. Cuius rei causam is Theseus impresentia ignorat.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">Theseus Benetus Ferrandus Valentinus Balearis juri Pontificio iugiter vacans <a href="https://lo-decameron.blogspot.com/2020/11/jornada-septima-novela-septima.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Bononiaeque</a> scholaris Petro Michaeli Carbonello <b><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/01/la-rosada-del-mati-viernes-de-hermandad.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Catalano</a> </b>Tabellioni et nostri Hieronymi Pauli legum professoris contribuli et amicissimo integerrimo. P. S. Diebus haud longe dimissis (1: Id ornatius dicendum puto superioribus diebus et non diebus non</span><span> </span><span face="Verdana, sans-serif">longe dimisis.) Tabellarius quispiam unas mihi reddidit litteras nostri suavissimi Hieronymi Pauli arguto omni artificio et claro ingenio ac doctrina maxime pollentes quae non solum mihi sed circumspectioni tantorum doctorum et oratorum huius felsinae antiquitus sic <a href="https://lo-decameron.blogspot.com/2021/01/jornada-dessima-novela-cuarta.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Bononia</a> appellata est ut in antiquis codicibus comperitur. Urbis oblactamento et etiam prodigio fuere. Jam equidem de nostro Hieronymo dicendum puto speculum et decus Haesperiae totus est cuncta rimatur peraccuto et eleganti stylo quicquid vult dicit et ordinat absque labore. Qui vero cupit humanitatis studia et iuris Pontificii ac civilis doctrinam exhaurire pergat ad hunc Hieronymum ab eius quidem fonte sitibundus bibat et sitis citius extinguetur neminem ita adulescentem video sibi parem nec forte maiore aetate confractum.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Quicquid in eo est optimum censetur. Morali neque naturali philosophia indiget. Gratus est non modo diis deabusque sed etiam cunctis mortalibus qui ob tanti ingenii et doctrinae suae praestantiam uno ore hic predicant Beatus venter qui eum portavit et ubera quae lactarunt vivat igitur in eum is jubar ecclesiae quem fore expectamus cum secundorum ubertate successuum. De his quidem satis. Cupio magnopere me tibi si non amicum saltem benivolum esse quum vera amicitia non sit latens ac inter ignotos causari nequit. Tu autem mihi innotus es et ipse tibi. Interim vero licet facie ad faciem te videre expetam sum paratus tuae morerem gerere voluntati quotiens ad me scripseris. Et quamquam cardiaci aegrotatione laboro quae mihi ad scribundum impedimento est tamen ut particeps mecum doctrinae amorisque sis eam epistolam quam memoravi (cuius exemplum penes me est) tibi interclusum sub presenti mitto. Non mireris si is indignis elementis hanc meam epistolam transcriptor famulus meus scripserit quum ob meam invalitudinem scribere non valui sed eam emmendatissimam a me aeditam comperies. Bene vale Felsinae XVII calendas septembrias 1475. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Epigramma premissae epistolae tale erat.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Viro nasuto Petro Michaeli Carbonello tabellioni apostolico dignissimo Barcinonae.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Epistole Hieronymi Pauli in premissis Thesei litteris enarrate tenor talis est quam is Hieronymus edidit per hec verba.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Hieronymus Paulus Barcinonensis Thesei Valentino Baleari S. Maxima laetitia amicorum suavissime superioribus diebus afectus sum quum tuas litteras receperam quibus scripsisti te studiis litterarum deditissimum esse quod non tantum ex tua assertione quantum ex epistolae tuae lepore et ornatu mihi notissimum extitit vehementius etiam gavisus sum quod te sacrarum legum studio cunctis viribus vacare intelligam et iure pontificio quandoque oblectari in quo quidem peritissimum fuisse Ateium Capitonem auctor est Macrobius libro VII Saturnalium nunc obnixius oro frater humanissime accuratius prosequaris. Multa nam apud veteres de iuris civilis laudibus tradita plurima periculo ipso singularia esse cognoscimus. Quid enim ad istius disciplinae commendationem satis esse potest quum per eam scire liceat ac intelligere quid aequum quid iustum quid sanctum quid religiosum quid utile quid honestum quid denique imitandum aut fugiendum sit. Per huiusmodi etiam studium Deum </span></span><span face="Verdana, sans-serif" style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">colere parentes revereri patriam tutari amicos servare inimicos ipsos tolerare hostes repellere quae sua sunt tueri alienis non inhiare per id quoque bonis premia proponuntur mali autem ab iniquis studiis et facinoribus coercentur. Ideo traditum est leges ipsas non hominum sed deorum inventum esse nihil etenim mortales ipsos inmortali Deo coniungere potest quam haec legum veneranda necessitudo quae cum ipso traditae sint nihil in se continent quo Deo dignum censeri non possit nec immerito sacrarum legum ministros antiqui sacerdotes appellarunt quasi sacra quaedam heroicaque tractantes. Optime igitur adulescens clarissime a te optatum est sanctissimeque electum. Scio etiam nihil gratius aut iucundius (se lee iucundins) parenti tuo nuntiari posse quam te ad haec nostra studia divertisse. Sed quaedam nunc pro nostra amicitia moneo quae in rem tuam in dies esse cognosces ea sunt ut postquam quinque quae tantum supersunt ex deplorandis legum antiquis codicibus diligenti cura perlegeris horum quos enumerabo auctorem libellos revolves scio nam ad Ro. legum notitiam et eruditionem plurimum conferent eodem nam pene tempore fuerunt hystorici hi et jurisperitorum nostrorum clarissimi inde fit ut plura communia pertractent multarumque legum ortus explicent ac si qua obscura sint declarent et expediant imprimis tibi habende sunt Caii instituciones quas temporibus gloriosi principis divi Hadriani scripsit et Helii Pauli commentarii qui nuper Patavii inventi esse feruntur habendus praeterea est historiarum pater Livius Ciceronis libri lectitandi omnes Quintilianus Tranquillus Cornelius Tacitus Lampridius Spartianus Capitolinus Gallicanus non omittendi nec salebrosus etiam Amnianus. Ex graecis vero Polybius et Appianus Alexandrinus et commentarii quidam graeci qui in Justinianum codicem scripti sunt. Ex recentioribus autem meo concilio pauci tibi deligendi sunt praeter nam eorum semibarbarum ac solutissimum dicendi genus multae etiam ineptissimae interpretationes ab eis aeditae sunt quae liberalem quenque et ingenium ab eorum doctrina non immerito dimoveant nec mirum ita interpretati sint eorum nam aetate non modo dicendi elegantia sed litteratura ipsa vandalorum et gotorum eversione prope deperierat e contra juris consultorum aetas florida passim fuit et eloquentiae fecundissimis fontibus emanans quo modo igitur credendum est tersissima illa et elegantisima digestorum volumina ab hominibus omnis eloquentiae expertibus. Immo pene ut dixi barbaris recte exposita ac comentata esse. Causidicos ergo excellentis ingenii plures fuisse et esse nunc quoque fateor jurisconsulti autem et que iura Romanorum percalleant nusquam invenientur que numero Thebanas portas exuperent. Bartolus ergo tantum dinus et Paulus quem Castrensem cognominant tibi pertractandi sunt hi nam ut pluribus videtur minus ab antiquiorum sententiis aberrant. Coeteri autem ambagiosis quibusdam districtionibus sese implicantes confusum quoddam et inexsolubile cahos pro doctrina contexerunt et more incirculatorum ac phanaticorum hinc inde debacchari divinare conantur. Postremo nec ipsi se se intelligunt neque misserrimi ipsi lectores solidae ut aiunt doctrinae quicquam exhauriunt sed superfluis ac inextricatis allegationibus glomerati <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/12/carlos-rallo-badet-calaseit-disenado-coches.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">perpetua ignorantia</a> irretiti continentur. Sed quum plura dicere vellem finem imponere coegit Tabellarius noster Polibarbarus. Mitto ad te libellum <a href="https://www.gesamtkatalogderwiegendrucke.de/docs/M30175.htm" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">de <u>fluminibus et montibus</u> <b>Hispaniarum</b></a> quem ipse edidi eum transcribi facies modico aere id fiet. Deinde cures obsecro praeclaro poetae Franc. Puteolano tradatur cui plurimum me commendabis phamigerato etiam praeceptori Andreae Barbatiae Messanenssi optime de me merito et salutes plurimas et eventus prosperos verbis meis dicito Joanni quoque Garzoni oratori perfacundo et dulcissimis amicis Nicolao <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/02/xxxii-reg-8-fol-67-15-marzo-1260-cervaria-cervera.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Emporitano</a> et Hieronymo Lupio Valentino non vulgares salutes dicito Juliae ac Theodorae sororibus praeclaris et litteratissimis mulieribus me enixissime commendato et memineris rogo si quos ediderint libellos ad me mittere. Hic et salubritas aeris est per totam urbem et</span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"> </span><span face="Verdana, sans-serif" style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">prospera valitudo paucissimi peregrinorum sonticis morbis laborant. Tu bene vale et me ama. Romae calendas augusti anno christianae religionis MIIIICLXXV fervente canicula.</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Epigramma in premissa epistola tale erat.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Viro egregio Theseo Beneto Ferrando <a href="https://llengua-valenciana.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Valentino</a> <a href="https://regnemallorca.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Baleari</a> scholari peritissimo <b>catalano</b> <u><a href="https://lo-decameron.blogspot.com/2020/11/jornada-septima-novela-septima.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Bononiae</a>.</u></span> </span></span></p>Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comBolonia, Italia44.494887 11.342616316.184653163821153 -23.8136337 72.805120836178844 46.4988663tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1217969734972724911.post-6104441339145410062022-11-19T22:37:00.000+01:002022-11-19T23:46:40.001+01:00CORRESPONDENCIA CON GUILLERMO FUSTER.<p><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 13pt;">CORRESPONDENCIA CON GUILLERMO FUSTER.</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Fol. 255 v.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Epigramma huiusmodi venerabilis et honestissimus frater <b>Guilielmus Fustarius</b>conventualis monasterii Sancti Hieronymi <a href="https://www.vallhebron.com/es" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Vallis de Ebron</a>Barcinonensis diocesis personuit et ipsum ad me Petrum Mich. Carbonellum notarium quem librum de dictis et factis <b>Regis Alfonsi</b>cum aliis operibus sibi accommodato dederam intra tempus pactum et promissum una cum dicto libro mittere curavit.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Jesus cum beato Hieronymo.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Optime vir Michael quem reddo sume <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/12/lxi-perg-224-30-noviembre-1149.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">libellum</a></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">in quo sunt multa quae vellem corde reposta </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Esse meo vel saltem nostro credita libro. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sed sunt complenda quae promituntur <a href="https://www.facebook.com/asociacionculturalamicsdelchapurriau/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">amico</a>. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Non ideo potui conscribere quae cupiebam</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Janque vale valeantque tui quos diligo multum. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Nos tibi versiculos feci pro munere tantum.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br /></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Epigramma optimo viro domino</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Michaeli Carbonello</a> notario. Frater G. F.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Littere quibus respondetur predictis et librum restitutum iterum in commendam mitto et epigramma in quo nomen et cognomen meum contineatur fieri postulo aliaque resonantes.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Etsi librum accommodatum statuto termino mihi reddidisti tamen epigrammate tuo perlecto intellexi te volentem promissa servare aliquam ex eo particulam haud transcribere potuisse quod mihi admodum displicere exploratum habeas. Verum enimvero (lo he leído antes todo junto) quod morem tuae geram voluntati eum librum iterum tibi mitto et penes te esse volo quousque (1) repetam.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">(1: Quousque et quamdiu adverbium temporis quousque et usque ad quem locum adverbium loci unde versus tempus sive locum dic significare quousque.)</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Excerpe igitur mi frater Guilielme germane quae tibi prodesse cognoris codices alios insuper digniores habeo qui tuo semper servicio presto sunt ac parati. Nunc autem mihi in mentem venit quod postea quam versiculos ita lepidissimos ac charitate refectos mihi pro munere datos canere caepisti quum eos quamplurimum estimem te alios flagitare non desinam. Nam certo scias in fine cuiuslibet libri seu operis manu propria scripti nomen et cognomen ac officium meum diem et annum apponere consuevi non arrogantia aliqua (ut plerique asserunt) sed aequo animo in exemplum posteris. Quod Gasparinus Bergomensis in <a href="https://lo-decameron.blogspot.com/2018/09/proemio.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">prohemio</a> sui commenti super Senecae epistolis non abhorret immo laudat et ait Solent itaque omnes qui de huius ratione prohemium construunt tria fere enumerare in quibus non parva rerum de quibus dicendum est illustratio continetur. Aiunt quidem ipsi imprimis et auctoris et operis nomen explicandum quo melius inteligatur quod a quoquam de rebus maximis disputetur. Nam ut saepe auctoribus ex eorum sententiis ita plerunque sententiis ex auctoribus gravitas venit. Eam obrem ego indignus librorum transcriptor his virorum illustribus qui <a href="https://lo-decameron.blogspot.com/2018/09/proemio.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">prohemia</a> ac</span><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 13pt;"><a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">libros</a>componunt in omni <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">librorum</a> transcriptione assimilari aliquo pacto cupiens nomen meum cognomenque et officium ac diem et annum circa finem cuiusque operis aequo animo in exemplum obtitere non valeo. Praeterea his in futurum cognitis qui libros manu mea scriptos conspicient animos aliquatim per oblectabunt. Et nihilominus id facio quod plerique tabellionum ae virorum huius urbis Barcinonis qui ocio et voluptatibus dediti sunt et nec artem oratoriam nec orthographiam ac demum nihil boni scire student videant et intelligant me Carbonellum ita uxoratum magnaque familia sarcinatum redditibusque carentem et ingenti labore his in fluctibus viventem cuius officium non transcribendi est sed contractus ultimas hominum voluntates et inditia studendi et conficiendi tempus non perdididisse immo illud non modo in tabellionatus officio sed etiam in libris et aliis in Dei laudem transcribendis et componendis satis atque satis et maximis lucubrationibus ac <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/05/carta-3-catalogo-prelados-obispos-valencia-desde-1238.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">matutis</a> auroris (hec matuta te per aurora) collegisse et inseruisse ne mulierosus (1) nec tericusque desiduo longo tempore persisterem. Et id boni quoad vixero Deo favente agam et prosequar in exemplum. Hortor et obsecro iccirco </span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 13pt;">te magnopere ut epigramma aliquod in quo sint nomen et cognomen meum ac civitas Barcinona unde ortus sum in <a href="https://llengua-valenciana.blogspot.com/2021/05/capitol-civ-com-lo-senyor-conforta-lo.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Christi Jesu</a> verissimum numen praeclaro ingenio tuo quam primum fieri poterit componere cures. Vale et me in devotum tuis <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/06/tomo-4-apendice-de-documentos.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">devotis</a> orationibus </span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 13pt;">alliges Barcinone quinto calendas aprilias anno jubileo 1475.</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Tuis dignissimis orationibus deditissimus P. Mich. Carbonellus tabellio.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Epigramma. - Devotissime religionis fratrum Sancti Hieronymi Vallis-Ebronis fratri Guilielmo Fuster necessario suo prestantissimo.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">(1) Hoc non sine causa dixi quare natura maxima habui et habeo libidinis inclinationem et certo scio quod si scribendis et componendis libris et aliis deditus omnino non fuissem nedum libidine sed etiam aliis peccatis irretitus essem. Et ideo diebus dominicis et festis aliisque diebus quibus scripture seu studio vacare possum vaco vitamque solitariam domi amplectendo ne cor meum vanis turbetur et Dei maiestas offendatur.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Fol. 257 v.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Epigramma... <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/03/artur-quintana-arturo-quintana.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Amico summo viroque doctissimo</a> Petro Michaeli Carbonell tabellioni.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Jesus cum beato Hieronymo. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Petro Michaeli Carbonelli frater Guillermus Fuster in Christo salutem. Unas tuas litteras vir doctissime multa suavitate refertas nuper accepi. Quare miraris in primis me apud Servium grammaticum eam regulam comperisse scilicet. Est graeca figura si dicamus AEneas Anchisae et subaudiamus filius et cetera mihi pergratum erit si tu ipse hanc legere velis in commento eiusdem Servii in principio fere primi AEneidos in expositione horum verborum Aiacis Oylei scilicet ut </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">et iis que dixi plenius fidem habeas. Credo magistrum Luisium de Hispania summum mei amicum a quo Juvenalem audisti commentum habere huiusmodi quem etiam his de rebus (quia maximos audivit apud Italiam oratores) consulere poteris et quem tibi habes amicissimum juris interpretem Franciscum Cassagiam laureatum ut scribis poetam. Ego autem sic a meis preceptoribus (nisi fallor) accepi latine etiam dici posse satisque trita locutio est juxta eiusdem Servii sententiam quo sepe libenter utor Jacobus Publicii a quo poeta et oratore optimo multa olim apud Valentiam me audisse recolo sese ad Galias contulit. Tu vero quod a tuo contributo persuasum est tibi (si vis) tantum accipe. Diversi enim cunctis in artibus diversa sentiunt atque loquuntur. Iis quattuor versiculis quos tibi super edideram alios quattuor addidi. Arbitror nunc in his octo quae petieras coucluisse. Bene vale et tuis (oro) domesticis me summopere recomenda praelato quoque magistro Luisio me quam poteris comendato. Apud divum Hieronymum de Valle Ebronica idibus mai 1475.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Est Petrus Michael mihi nomen fonte tributum</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Baptismi cognomen Carbonellus habetur </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Sum Barcinone natus nutritus et urbe </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Cuius publicus exto tabellio regius atque </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">in qua conscripsi quem cernis post ea librum </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Anno quo multis iubileum Roma dedisti</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Tunc Rex vivebat (revocata pace) Joannes </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Reddo tibi grates quas possum Christe redemptor. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><br /></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Fol. 257 v. <br /></span></span><br /></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Epigramma... Clarisimo viro ac devotionis eximiae fratri Guilielmo Fusterio ordinis Sancti Hieronymi Vallis Ebronis in agro Barcinonensi. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><br /></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Lepidissimae litterae tuae mihi redditae fuere. Quibus ob negotia quamplurima curamque familiarem vix respondere nequeo sed paucis quod volo tibi amice dicam. Tu versiculos octo mei gracia edidisti primo quatuor ultimo alios quattuor comprehenderentur nominibus ac officio meis omnino proculpulsis. Nam in his nihil aliud a te flagito nisi quod cognomine quod mihi Carbonello est nomine item urbis unde editus sum et quod ego fui scriptor modo utaris magnopere hortor et obsecro. Miror admodum quare egregium virum Franciscum Cassagiam non immerito commendandum more oratorio (ut decet) postquam de sua multifariam doctrina ad te scripseram et tibi amicus esse desyderat haud commendasti. Commenda igitur ipsum et litteras sibi ostendam. Verum tamen non omittas quod litterae tuae ut aliae non sint absque nomine quoniam in illis nomen et cognomen tuum omisisti. Cum domino Lodovico Hispania de his que inter nos dubitatio orta est verbum faciam adeo ut me dubium indubiumque ac certissimum (ut spero) efficiat. Vale Barcinone mai </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">idibus annoque jubileo. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"> Tibi deditissimus </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"> Carbonellus. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><br /></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Ad devotionis eximie virum religiosum fratrem G. Fusterium apud (se lee aqud) Ebronium Caenobium. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><br /></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Devotionis eximiae fratri G. F. Petrus Michael Carbonellus P. S. Nequeo satis atque satis mirari vir egregie de ingratitudine tua quam in me committere non erubuisti diebus proxime dimisis hanc Barcinonam urbem venisti et gressus repente faciendo ante tabernam meam scriniariam ubi presto eram more insolito nec me saluere nec quicquam de te propalare voluisti quod mihi iniucunditati fuit ac dividiae cum propter tanti viri religionem tum propter scriptoris mei iurati in te susurrationem tum etiam ob amicitiae integritatem quae id repelli jubet. Fac igitur ut hoc crimen citius purges si amicitiam servare cupis. Praeterea de te plurimum admiror qui Christi Jesu sacratissimi aut divi Hieronymi vel tui caenobii arma deposuisti et fabri lignarii armis ita fungeris et gaudes. Rejice rejice si placet haec mundialia arma et alia quae praedixi (ut probum ac devotum religiosum decet) accipe et deinceps in epistolis exarandis asciam seu arma talia non imprimas nec cupiam mittas sed potius ea delitescas. Vale et crimen purga si me amas. Barcinone XI calendas julias anno jubileo raptim. Cassagia vir ille egregius et ipse circa festum aliquod mensis proximo venturi Deo duce te visitare proposuimus. Iterum Vale. </span></span></p>Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1217969734972724911.post-52104854204929456192022-11-19T22:24:00.000+01:002022-11-19T23:46:40.143+01:00CORRESPONDENCIA CON JUAN VILLAR.<p><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 13pt;">CORRESPONDENCIA CON <b>JUAN VILLAR.</b></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Fol. 240.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Exemplum litterarum aeditarum exercitationis honestate et oblactamenti gratia super non nullis <a href="https://aguelosebeta.blogspot.com/2018/06/juan-luis-camps-juan.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">antiquorum</a> gravitatibus editarum ab <b>Joanne Villario</b>jureconsulto et Petro Michaele Carbonello Tabellione. (1) </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">(1) Haec et sequentia scripsit Franciscus filius meus in suae juventutis flore ideo si non sunt bonis litteris scripta taceat suturator et <b>bilinguis</b>. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">En efecto, toda esta correspondencia con <b>Vilar</b> (Villar) la copió el hijo, y a su inexperiencia se debe la poca corrección que en ella se nota.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Petrus Michael Carbonellus <b>Joanni Villario</b> S. P. <br />Quum quespiam Barcinonensis tabellio in chirographo meo noviter conspexisset testamentum confectum suis se penes Petrum Mich. Carbonellum notarium infrascriptum nono die maii cachino crepere non erubuit nam neotericus homo ille aiebat haud penes sed apud nec maii sed mai scribi ac pronuntiari oportere nulla mihi data auctoritate nisi quod ab doctissimis et illustribus viris sic didicerat. Ego vero petulantiae illius satisfacere non destiti auctoritate viri illustri Laurentii Vallensis (Lorenzo, Llorenç, Llorens Vallés) quoad praepositionem penes de qua tecum iam pridem sermonem habui et ut morem tuae geram voluntati quod in ea sentio dicam paucis. Apud te penes te in hoc differunt testibus festo Pompeio ac Laurentio Vallensi quod alterum personam et locum significat ut apud <a href="https://e-torredebabel.com/platon-filosofia-griega-historia-de-la-filosofia-de-zeferino-gonzalez/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Platonem</a>apud forum. Alterum personam et dominium ac potestatem ut pecunia est penes me in mea potestate seu dominio. Aliquotiens transfferimus ad res incorporeas ut laus vel vituperatio periculum seu commodum penes te est. Et nihilominus eleganter et melius dici videtur apud Papam advocati faciunt orationes et non coram Papa. De mense maii si duplicato ii vel unico i in genitivo scribundum ac pronuntiandum fuerit nec ne aliquantis perhesito verum ipse id nomen maius in genitivo maii duplicato ii scribere consuevi. Tu vero doctior me indoctum sub hac te dubia doctum certissimumque efficias admodum obsecro. Deinde libellos quibus elementis Barcinona scribatur et de viris illustribus totius Hispaniae quos Hieronymus Paulus in sua adulescentiae aetate non immerito effectus iureconsultus egregius latinisque litteris et graecis praeditus edidit elegantissime tibi commodato concedo. Igitur eos et huiusmodi epistolam una ad te mitto. Vale et perdiu vivas cum secundorum ubertate successuum. Apud civitatem Barcinonam IIII</span><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 13pt;">iduum junii anno jubileo 1475.</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><br /></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Fol. 240 v.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Joannes Villarius <a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Petro Michaeli Carbonello tabellioni</a> apprime docto S. P. Forte miraris suavissime Petre quod tuis litteris non iniucundis quidem tam diu respondere distulerim sed desines quidem mirari si forensibus causis me implicitum occupatumque memineris quod per hosce dies magis magisque contigisse scire te velim. Nam ut omittam caetera de Urgellensi diocese causa quae me sane complures dies distenuit occupatum delata fuit aequo animo ¡taque feres si tuis litteris uti decuit evestigio non responderim nam deffuit facultas rei conficiendae non defuit voluntas. Si cui nam per amicitiam debeo debeo certe multis tibi profecto prae caeteris debeo Tecum etenim longos memini consumere soles et tecum primas epulis decerpere noctes. Sed haec satis. Per gratum est quod de verbis penes et apud scribere libuit atque id quidem maxime quod Festi Pompei auctoritate es fretus quem ego castigatissimae disciplinae fideique probatae semper esse putavi. Sed accipe maximi jurisconsulti Ulpiani testimonium in haec verba penes te amplius est quam apud te nam upud te est quod qualitercumque a te teneatur penes te est quod quodam modo animo possidetur. Quod vero haesitari abs te dicis utrum verbum hoc maii dupplici i. genitivo casu an simplici conscribi oporteat ne dubita quidem cum duplici uti tu etiam conjicis scribi oportere quam rem mihi tam aptissima foret Prisciani Caeseriensis et aliorum veterum testimonio verbis pluribus confirmare sed in re tam nota longum esse non decet. De te iam illud in carmine dici licet Scis etenim iustum gemina suspendere lance et potis es nigrum vitio prafigere theta. Libellum quem de verbo Barcinona quo pacto quibusve elementis scribi oporteat et unde id nomen natum sit Hieronymus Paulus accuratissime edidit. Item et alterum de viris illustribus totius Hispaniae quos commodato</span><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 13pt;">seu maius precario mihi concesseras tibi restituo. Si tibi per ocium aliquando licuerit mihi transcribere illum ut verum urbis nostrae cognomentum apud me perpetuo sit <a href="https://llengua-valenciana.blogspot.com/2021/04/capitol-2-privilegiada-concepcio-sua-excellent-filla-maria-anna-yoachim.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">gaudebo</a> eiusque rei non immeritam referam gratiam. Sed redeo ad Hieronymum laetor eius adulescentis potius quam viri tam lepida tam ornata tam elegantia ac simul probatae fidei scripta vidisse. Non immerito mi Petre nescio quo impetu in illum ferebar adeo ut amarem hominem nedum diligerem. Fit nanque nescio qua natura mea ut in eos quos liiterarum et rerum antiquarum sciam amatores quasi quodam impetu amoris efferar. Augurabatur animus quod nunc tandem in illo conspexi imaginem veterum scriptorum in hoc uno Barcinonensi videor intueri ut vere dicere possim ecce alteram Spem Hispaniae Dii illum superstitem faciant nam nisi animus me fallit dabit aliquando maiora futura quidem sibi suisque patriae et genti ornamento maximo et decori. Vale datum Barcinone XIIII calendas julias. Iterum vale.</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Fol. 241.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Petrus Mich. Carbonellus Joanni Villario P. S. Jam hoc mane apud nostram tabernam notulariam de elegantissimis litteris tuis in laudem Hieronymi Pauli dignissimi et de meis inornate exaratis ac virtute moribus et scientia ipsius Hieronymi multa et varia transegimus quae a nobis quoquo modo peracta obliterari nequeant. Vidisti nanque o Joannes clarissime litteras suas et meas quibus elementis Barcinona scribunda sit. Nunc vero ad tuam humanitatem mitto <b>Genealogias Aragonum et Siciliae Regum</b> <u>et comitum Barcinone</u> quas edere brevi sermone in tabella quam gnatus meus tibi reddet magnis et lucubrationibus scribere curavi. Eam igitur perlegito et quid in ea senties ad me tuae doctrinae amatorem quum tibi libuerit rescribito. Vale Vale et me ama ut facis. Apud civitatem Barcinonam XIII calendas julias anno jubileo raptim.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Joannes Villarius <a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">P. M. Carbonello</a> salutem. Redditae sunt mihi litterae tuae quas gnatus tuus (1: Is gnatus erat Franciscus proprio nomine appellatus.) puer profectu mihi etiam pro meo in te amore et illius praeclara indole praecharus detulit et simul etiam tabellam pergamenam (1) de genealogia <b>nostrorum Principum</b>. Visa sunt convenire omnia delatoris modestia et gratia quaedam cum puerili pudore coniuncta litterarum tuarum lepos et suavitas mirum tabellae ipsius et argutum artificium. Quamvis enim et genus et <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/10/viii-vita-sancti-odonis-episcopi.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">prosapiam</a>tantorum ac prope dominorum principum non incognita haberem tamen id ipsum explica tuis quasi re ipsa ante <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/06/tomo-4-apendice-de-documentos.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">oculos</a> posita abs re intellexisse voluptati fuit quippe quoniam non sim inscius eam inte severitatem esse solere ut nihil nisi quod optime sit exploratam litteris mandes Tibi recto vivere talo ars dedit et veri speciem cognoscere calles. Verumtamen abs te scire velim prior omnium ille <b>Barcinonnis Comes</b> <u>cognomento <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/08/viaje-monasterio-san-pedro-portella-quart-guislaberto-obispo-barcelona.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Guifredus</a></u> quibus parentibus qua familia ortus fuerit nisi dixerimus illum descendisse de coelo ut de tertio Catone non insulse Juvenalis poeta dicebat. Quam obrem tantae tamque illustris prosapi et primores stipites ignorari minime ferendum putem ut enim apud Aristotelem bellissime scriptum est Scire ununquodque tunc arbitramur quoniam causas eius et principia cognoscimus usque ad elementa. Si quid igitur de ea ipsa re fide dignum compertum habes id mihi ut innotescat tua solita diligentia atque humanitate efficere stude. Vale et me ama. Data Barcinone XI <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/10/carta-xci-riqueza-buen-orden-archivo-catedral-gerona-seu-girona.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">calendas julias</a>.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">(1) Tabella pergamena et non <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/06/ci-reg-1900-fol-141-22-ag-1391.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">pergamenea</a> ut <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/06/ci-reg-1900-fol-141-22-ag-1391.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">barbari notarii</a> in eorum notules quotidie scribunt.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Fol. 241 v.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Petrus Mich. Carbonellus Joanni Villario P. S. Litteras tuas non levinas sed omni armonia et suavitate refertas accepi quibus intellexi quod de <b>genealogia nostrorum principum</b> edidi tibi voluptati esse in facto <b>Barcilonis Comitis</b> <u>cognomento <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/08/viaje-monasterio-san-pedro-portella-quart-guislaberto-obispo-barcelona.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Guifredi</a></u> ad causas uniusque rei et principia dinoscenda in testes producere studuistis quum desit quibus parentibus qua familia Comes ille ortus fuerit. Cupis ergo doctor egregie quod super tanta tamque illustre prosapia ac eius primore te doctiorem efficiam. Respondeo haud indignum esse ad juvenalis (<a href="https://www.heiligenlexikon.de/BiographienJ/Juvenalis.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Juvenalis</a>) et Aristotelis ac aliorum qui in pretio habentur doctrinam et vestigia assequenda nos vacare summopere. Sed non semper id fieri valet praecipue in tam maxima ac vetustissima <b>Regnum et comitum</b> genealogias de quibus plerique litterati viri cum alii <b><a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">vernacula lingua</a></b> tum et alii latina multa scriptitarunt et id quod scire cupis et ego etiam cupio omiserunt. Ipse igitur rerum antiquarum amator non modo unum sed etiam complures codices circa hanc rem volvere et revolvere curavi Hieronymo Paulo apprime</span><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 13pt;">docto suffragante et me etiam edocente a cuius fracmentis haec et alia non minus valentia luculentissime dedici et id primoris et etiam aliorum nostrorum principum a quibus <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/search?q=Wimara" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">parentibus et familia originem</a> traxerunt forte scripsit nemo. Si de uno ad alium usque ad primorem retrogradando tendamus in infinitum erit progressus. Quando quidem ut Aristoteles ait AEticorum lib. V. Quaedam sunt ut de ipsis lex ferri non possit itaque decreto opus est nam indiffinita est regula </span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 13pt;">quemadmodum in his dicendum puto. Haec vero quae antiquiores de ea genealogia nobis tradiderunt (ut vidisti in eius tabella a me tibi precario concessa) diggerere perdiu studui. Verumenimvero si quid reconditi in hac re senties meque dicere et scire opus esse putaris tu doctiori tu perspicatior tuque rerum antiquarum rimator acutus ad has litteras statim mihi rescribito. Nam ideo mihi gratius facere nihil potes. Vale meque mutuo diligas apud urbem Barcinonam X calendas julias <a href="https://ec.aciprensa.com/wiki/A%C3%B1o_Santo_del_Jubileo" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">anno jubileo</a>.</span></p>Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1217969734972724911.post-77017982428360184932022-11-19T21:41:00.000+01:002022-11-19T23:46:40.574+01:00CORRESPONDENCIA CON FRANCISCO CASSAGIA.<p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">CORRESPONDENCIA CON <b>FRANCISCO CASSAGIA.</b></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Fol. I.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Epistola in laudem Petri Michaelis Carbonelli Barcinonis tabellionis ab egregio viro <b>Francisco Cassagia</b> <a href="https://lopapaparlechapurriau.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">pontificii</a> juris interprete edita et directa probissimo ac scientissimo <b>Hieronimo Paulo</b> <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/08/capitulo-lxiii-continuacion.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">jurisconsulto</a>Barcinone apud urbem nuper degenti quia Romam iter fecere ex nostra <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/09/13-de-enero.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">urbe Barcinona</a>.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Vir egregie: apud tabernam scriniariam nostri precelebris Carbonelli tuae affabili humanitati presentes quam raptim exarandas destinavi tuis preiucundis litteris provocatus quas meo licet nomini non direxeris nihilominus tamen pro meis accipio quando eas praefatus Carbonellus optinuit noste enim quemadmodum vir iste avidissimus sit et litteras ore patulo expectet ut que nec recentibus scriptis repleri queat omnia volvit ac revolvit cuncta rimatur sedulo ac perscrutatur diligenter disquirit undique si quid novitatis exoriatur vel elegantiae vel etiam venustatis eloquiis postquam demum a me uti insipido ac in huiusmodi minime erudito multa importunitate nihil prorsus obtinuit prosiliit in altum montes et colles circumquaque perlustrans an ibi aliquod lateret quo posset sua inexhausta aviditas satiari. Tandem apud Vallem Ebronicam quendam comperit sciolum satis et antiquarium virum ambidexterum atque utentem duplomate que non modo oratione soluta verum etiam pedestri eniteat vallicosa nymphas colit cui carmina proveniunt caelo deducta sereno accola silvarum faunos et satyros novit musisque edoctus Elicona bibit in antris Pyeridum ac Parnasi fonte nutritus multa super Priamo rogitans super Hectore multa existimo quod neque tanto viro repleri poterit inexplebilis huius Carbonelli capacitas nisi tu inde tuis amplissimis litteris Barcinonam nostram compleveris. Unde sibi ingentem copiam suppeditare possit neque nam domus sua <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">librorum</a> capax erit sed quasi per colonias exiens omnes bibliotecas resarciet. Vale decus et <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/05/n-8-memoriale-n-49-fol-29.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">unicum</a>solatium meum. Ex Barcinona X calendas junii 1475. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Tuus Franciscus Claranus. (*) <br />(*) Franciscus Cassagia cum Claranus sit cognominatus ab cunctis</span><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 13pt;">(ab eventu)?</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Advertencia: Entre la fecha y la firma de esta carta se lee lo siguiente. "Non te decipiat amor rogo sed in veritate et iustitia consulas mihi. Si mea intersit istuc proficisci an potius hic debeam adhuc delitescere et bene velis oro cuncta rimari."</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/03/artur-quintana-arturo-quintana.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Viro perfacundo</a> ac domino meo colendissimo</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">domino Hieronymo Paulo juris professori dignissimo.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Fol. I.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Franciscus Casassaia (Cassagia más arriba) ad <a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">P. Mich. Carbonellum</a>.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Magna demum est tibi insita litterarum aviditas <a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Carbonelle</a> charissime quando <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/05/n-8-memoriale-n-49-fol-29.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">amicum</a> ut credebam tibi charissimum contempsisti ex eo quod te suis epistolis obruere veritus est plus ergo me litteras diligis Carbonelle sed quamvis sculptas et limatas epistolas <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/04/desideri-lombarte.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">desyderando</a>protui perspicacitate ingenii excusabilis videaris at profecto meas efflagitando inexcusabilis videris que propterea quod te meis hactenus litteris adoriri noluerim proiecisti post tergum indignans quod ad te litteras non dedissem. Scio nam te non omnes litteras affectare sed que sunt tantum elegantes lacteoque <a href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/De_vulgari_eloquentia" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">eloquentiae</a> fonte manantes possunt tuis scribatibus applaudare que mecum diu voluens quoniam meas ineptias contemplarer non sum arbitratus me dignum nec idoneum tuis auribus purgatissimis inculcari tuos etiam linceos oculos pertinescens quemquidem orthographiam ignorare persentirem risum et chachinnationem extimescebam quin etiam si singula verba ut ita dixerim olfacere voluisses undique tibi materiam perungendi ac subsanandi adesse quibus pregustatis et tandem tuo frustratus <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/04/desideri-lombarte.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">desyderio</a> et spe nimium dilata afflictus quod ultimum restaret aut in frustra meas litteras lacerares aut igni cremandas traderes ut postquam sensus omnes panissent nihil amplius residui esset quod memoriam conservaret quamobrem quoniam litteras ad hoc inventas esse tradat antiquitas ut absentes aliquali affabilitate presentes reddant et has meas delirantes filaterias omni suavitate carentes conspicerem diutius recusari propalare posteamque mihi exploratum est penes te minime permansuras veniam igitur dabis si mihi parcere volui et me domi tutius continere caute decreverim quam cum tanta ignominia in publicum prodire nisi nam perspectum haberem tibi mea grata esse non posse te iam voluminibus obruissem verum ex Hieronymo mutuaberis et Fusterio quae tuis annalibus et regestis scribi mereantur nam sola sophocleo ea omnia digna coturno mea vero scripta etiam Carbonellum abhorrere existimo et suas membranas occupare non permissurum. Vale ergo Scribarum decus et me amplius pulsare desiste quia non sum conspicuus nec tuis praeclaris fascibus aptus extolles igitur predictos ad astra me vero terras inter raptare salubres permites contentus titulis caruisse tuis et laudibus iisdem. Barcinone anno jubileo (1450) XVII calendas Augusti. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"> Tibi deditus Franciscus Casassaia.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Scribe docto ac perfaecundo Michaeli Carbonello amico praeciduo plurimum honorando.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><br /></p>Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1217969734972724911.post-51646251223385002952022-11-19T21:11:00.000+01:002022-11-19T23:46:40.705+01:00CORRESPONDENCIA LITERARIA.<p><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 13pt;">CORRESPONDENCIA LITERARIA.</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Para presentar más completa, si cabe, la figura del <b>Archivero</b>, <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/07/ramiro-ii-rey-aragon-huye-ileso-pamplona.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">cronista</a> y <u>literato</u> <b><a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Pedro Miquel Carbonell</a></b>, cuyos detalles puede haber estimado el <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">lector</a> en el conjunto de los trabajos publicados hasta aquí; no hemos querido prescindir de dar a luz otra pequeña parte de sus escritos que, si no acaba de caracterizarlo, contribuye al menos a realzar la importancia que por algunos conocedores haya podido atribuirse a sus especiales conocimientos en materias harto generales, de manera que por la consideración de sus amigos, literatos como él, puede deducirse cual sería el concepto que hubo de merecer <a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Carbonell</a>, en su tiempo, en materias que no estaban tal vez al alcance ni siquiera de los que se distinguían en tal o cual ramo</span><span style="font-size: small;"> </span><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif; font-size: 13pt;">especial, como <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">escritores públicos</a>.</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Comprende esta parte, como se verá por el título, una serie de cartas, copiadas todas del <b>registro de Gerona </b>(al que se refieren los <b>folios </b>respectivos, citados en cada una de ellas,) en las que se deslindan, indistintamente, varios puntos así de <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/05/biografia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Historia</a>, como de <u>Gramática</u>, y abundan consideraciones <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2022/03/sagrada-escritura-biblia-lenguas-vulgares-joaquin-lorenzo-villanueva.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">literarias</a>, con el solo objeto de aclarar y fijar, ayudado de las opiniones de las personas competentes con las que estaba relacionado el <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">literato</a>: siguiendo, pues, el mismo orden bajo el cual se encuentran en el indicado registro, las colocamos en este punto, tanto porque comparativamente es menos su importancia, como para redondear, según antes indicamos, el plan que concebimos de presentar de la manera más completa posible el conjunto de opúsculos y demás trabajos, así históricos como <a href="https://librosmoncho.blogspot.com/2018/01/silvestre-hernandez-carne.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">literarios</a>, debidos al personaje que es objeto de esta publicación.</span></span></p>Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comCarrer dels Comtes, 2, 08002 Barcelona, España41.3839891 2.17701213.073755263821155 -32.979238 69.694222936178846 37.333262tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1217969734972724911.post-8385511429136359992022-11-19T11:56:00.000+01:002022-11-19T23:46:40.842+01:00Ave pia Magdalena Tu es dita pretiosa<p><span face="Verdana, sans-serif" style="font-size: 13pt;">Fol. 261 v.</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://llengua-valenciana.blogspot.com/2021/06/capitol-cxxi-partida-magdalena-torna-casa-sua.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">DIVAEMARIE MAGDALENAE</a> ORATIONEM <b>TUM LATINO TUM <a href="https://langueoccitane.blogspot.com/2020/08/hoc_15.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">VULGARI</a></b> SERMONE RYTHMISQUE CONFECTAM PETRUS MICHAEL CARBONELLUS BARCINONENSIS EDIDIT CANICULA REGNANTE ANNO CHRISTI MCCCCLXXIIII. (1) </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">(1) Carbonell encabeza esta poesía con la advertencia que continuamos a pesar de haberla borrado él mismo. - "Aquesta es la segona obra que yo Pere Miquel Carbonell notari publich de Barcelona he feta en lahor de la gloriosa Magdalena e per honor de la joya quis posa dins la Esglesia de Sant Just de la dita ciutat <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2021/03/29-de-octubre.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">digmenge</a> que comptavem XVII de juliol del any de la nativitat de nostre Senyor Mil CCCC setanta quatre." Y al margen añade "Obra meytadada en laor de la gloriosa Sancta Maria Magdalena composta per En Pere Miquel Carbonell Scriva de manament e Archiver del Senyor Rey expandida en Barcelona en la Esglesia de Sanct Just." </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"><br />C.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Ave pia Magdalena </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Tu es dita pretiosa </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Bella molt e sumptuosa </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Fons salutis vite vana </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">AEgrotis lux es amena </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Dona reyal de linatge </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Quant mudist lo teu coratge </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Virtutum fuisti plena. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><br /></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">C. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><br /></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Ave lotrix pedum Christi </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Si bet deyan peccadora </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Te convertist prest Senyora </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Quando tu Christi vidisti </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">A quo plura meruisti </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Monstrant amor gran de pare </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Resuscitar volch ton frare (<a href="https://llengua-valenciana.blogspot.com/2021/06/capitol-cxxi-partida-magdalena-torna-casa-sua.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Lázaro</a>)</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Propter bona quae fecisti. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><br /></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">C.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Ave nostrum medicamen</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">En lo mon tu quant vivies </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Cert moltes gents converties</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Nam illis eras juvamen</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Idolorum sed velamen </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Abolist de la Prohença </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Fent los fer gran penitença </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Es peccatorum solamen. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"><br />C.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Ave Dei templum clarum </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Per tu morts <a href="https://llengua-valenciana.blogspot.com/2021/06/capitol-cxix-magdalena-vingue-demanar-misericordia-senyor.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">resuscitaren</a></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Angels ton cors apportaren </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Ad <a href="https://llengua-valenciana.blogspot.com/2021/07/amazon-vita-christi-isabel-villena.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">amicum tuum charum</a><br /><br />Maximinum et non parum</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Quet dona combregar Santa </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Lo lexist ab odor tanta </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Adiens locum divarum. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><br /></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">C.<br />Ave Christo Jesu chara </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">De Paschas lig fou lo dia </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Quen Paradis dreta via </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Gressus fecisti praeclara </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">De morte fuisti gnara </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Tua Sancta fou la vida </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Per mi pregar not oblida </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Ut sanus fiam praeclara. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><br /></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">C.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Ave felix Deo grata </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://moncho.org/tag/milagre/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Miracles</a>pochs nos porien</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">De tu comptar nis dirien </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Tantis es tu praedodata </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Hoc in mundo venerata </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Malaltias incurables </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">De les gents no redubtables </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Te curantur implorata. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><br /></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">C.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Ave malorum ruina </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Que portist la Santa nova</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Als apostols axis prova </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Resurrectio divina </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Ea fuit et lucina </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Al incredul que dubtara </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Jesus no resuscitara </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Tu fuisti medicina. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><br /></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Tornada. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><br /></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Ave tu mundi carina </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">En aquest gran mar fem cara </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Navegant nom desempara </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Quamvis sim gravis sentina. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><br /></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Auctoris cognomentum seu cognomen. (cognom, cognome, apellido)</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><br /></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Carbonellus metra bina</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Axi com son escrits ara </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Magdalena quil empara </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Fecit gratia divina.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">La present obra en laor de la gloriosa Sancta Magdalena ordena Pere Miquel Carbonell Scriva del senyor Rey e fou coronada digmenge que comptavem XVI de febrer any MCCCCLXXVII. (1477)</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Aliam divae Mariae Magdalena orationem idem P. Mich. Carbonellus edidit.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Concede mihi quero cunctipotens Deus cordis compunctionem et veram penitentiam quas gloriosae Mariae Magdalenae peccatrici cum peccatorum omnium venia comtulisti qui vivis et regnas etc. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Idem alia oratio.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-size: small;">Omnipotens sempiterne Deus qui post Sacratissimam resurectionem tuam gloriosae Mariae Magdalenae discipulae et insignissimae Apostolae tuae mirabiliter apparere voluisti te suppliciter et devote obsecro ut in quacumque infirmitate tribulatione adversitate et necessitate mea auxilium consilium et... consequi merear ipsius gloriose meritis et intercessione. Qui vivis et regnas Deus per omnia saecula saeculorum amen.</span></span></p>Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1217969734972724911.post-11195610851171119992022-11-17T22:33:00.000+01:002022-11-19T23:46:40.984+01:00Fol. 259, 60 y 61. Magdalena, penitentia, <p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fol. 259, 60 y 61.</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">JESUS.</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Aquesta es la primera obra que yo Pere Miquel Carbonell notari publich de Barcelona he feta ans que fos notari ço es en lo </span>quart <b>digmenga</b> de <b>Coresma</b> que comptavem XXX de març del any Mil CCCCLIIII (1454) per honor de una <b>joya</b> de <a href="https://llengua-valenciana.blogspot.com/2021/06/capitol-xcviii-gloriosa-magdalena-lancant-arreus-plora-cor-peccats.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Santa Maria Magdalena</a> que lo discret mossen <b>Montserrat Torres</b> <a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/2020/05/exequiis-sepultura-infirmitate-regis-joannis-secundi-juan-ii-aragon.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">prevere</a> posa dins la Esglesia de <b>San Just</b> de la dita ciutat. E <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2021/02/14-de-junio-resposta-de-hoc-o-de-no.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">iatsia</a> aquesta obra no sia axi be composta e <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/11/8-de-marzo.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">polida</a> com yo <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/09/9-de-diciembre.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">volria</a> ara que so en edat de LXXX (80) anys empero per esser la primera e feta en <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/03/artur-quintana-arturo-quintana.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">la florida edat</a> no la vull abilitar sino ques stiga ut <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/05/notas-autografas-que-se-hace-referencia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">jacet</a>.</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>OBRA BROCADA DE LA GLORIOSA MAGDALENA PARLANT DE PENITENTIA en honor de la qual fou posada la dita <b>joya </b>en la <a href="https://www.barcelonaturisme.com/wv3/es/page/1209/iglesia-de-los-santos-just-y-pastor.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Esglesia de Sanct Just de Barcelona</a> per mossen <a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/2022/11/tomo-28-opusculos-ineditos-.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Montserrat Torres</a> prevere e per mi en la trona de dita Esglesia expandida. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br />C.</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">O Senyor just - e Rey dels dominants</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Deu immortal - humilment te supplich </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Que puscha dir - en lo present publich </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Lobra present - salut dels christians </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>E no men cans </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas lahors grans</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Te puscha fer - de cor ab gran ardor </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Armat tots temps - del senyal de salut </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Qui es la creu - hon morir est volgut </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>E lumanal - has linatge remut </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Sies mescut </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Car sent ma flach - de penedir Senyor </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Voler parlar - culpable peccador. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>C. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Cert es a tots - que havem de morir </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Corporalment - e lhora no sabem </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>E per ço nos - Jesus anar devem </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>E de cor fi - quiscus deu penedir </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Molt avorrir </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Fins a morir</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Tots los peccats - que contra Deu son fets </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>E penedits - haver en voluntat </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>De no tornar - en lo comes peccat </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Ab lo qual cert - lesperit infernat </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Nos te ligat </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Ab sos paranys - e molts diversos plets </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Qui granen molt - en los seus mals gorets. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>C. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E mes avant - penitença requer</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Del mal passat - haver contricio </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>E dir aquell - tot en confessio </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>E voler lo - per obra satisfer </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>E ben refer </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sens altre sper</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Los dants donats - orations fahent </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Deiunis molts - et almoynes donant </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Al pobrellet - qui esta Deu pregant </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Dies e nits - e tots temps suspirant </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Molt fameiant</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>E ja molt mes - si es nostre parent </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Almoyna tal - a Deu es molt plasent. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C.</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Donchs christians - vullam nos confessar </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Ara molt prest - al loctinent de Deu </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Pus ha poder - en lo gran infern seu </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>De trauren los - qui hi deuen anar </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>E sens dubtar </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aços molt clar</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Del mal loch clau - et obriment del cel </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>De vicis tants - dissipador molt fort </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>E de virtuts - restauratio port </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>E dels grans trists - gos dir no poch conort </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E molt confort</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>E del amarch - gran bresca com a mel </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Be confessar - es fundament e rel. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C.</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Lexar lexar - devem tots los peccats </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Axi com feu - Magdalena reyal </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Quils sagrats peus - del rey celestial </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Lava plorant - ab sos ulls delicats </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Glorificats </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E venerats</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Apres humil - aquells torquar volgue </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Ab los cabells - del seu insigne cap </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Plorant planyents - loffensa qui Deu sap </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Llavors comes - lexant vestirs (vestits) e drap </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E tot arrap</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Contrita tal - a ell molt li plague </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Perdonarli - per tal com se dolgue. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><br /></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>C. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Aximateix - en aspre loch desert. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Lapostol Sant - affligi lo seu cos </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Tots temps pensant - en linfinit repos </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Quan tots los sants - per lo traball soffert </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Es ver e cert </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que molt as pert</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Compunct de cor - los peccats avorri </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Car plora tant - pel renegar confus </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Que feu tot sol - contral beneyt Jesus </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Qui dels vivents - aço vol e no pus </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que dit dessus</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Lo qual de grat - la culpa li jaqui </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Pus tal lo veu - quexis molt penedi. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C.</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Tots molt devem - penitença gentil </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Molt ben amar - <u>desijantlab</u> desig (desijantla ab) </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>E no vorrir (avorrir) - aquella de fastig </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Si ben absolts - ab sentença civil </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>E bon estil </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del peccat vil</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Esser volem - del gran Deu infinit </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Ella cert es - dels qui lan en costum </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>E dels errants - molt vertadera lum </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>E de tot mal - trenca los e tendrum </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E paguel fum</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Del foch dinfern - donant al cors delit </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>E <a href="https://lo-decameron.blogspot.com/2018/12/tersera-jornada-novela-dessima.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">lo Satan</a> - nes fet molt aspordit.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>C. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Per tant los qui - penitença faran </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>En aquests iorns - o dins lo temps del any </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Fassen la prest - e noy planguen lafany </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Obrants axi - la faç de Deu veuran </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Contemplar lan </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E may morran</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Mas si lo mon - algu tant amara </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Per darse pler - e viure vicios </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Pendre de tort - de refer no curos </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Tal obstinat - morint axi bundos (abundós) </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Infructuos</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Iran linfern - hon tots temps cremara </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>E paradis - james ell no veura. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Tornada. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Mare de Deu - lo quius invocara </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Qualsevol temps - en lo mon tenebros </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Soccorreu lo - ab Jesus glorios </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>de viure be - catholich virtuos </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E no dubtos</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Vos no tardeu - car ell confessara </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Integrement - e no si tardara. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Endressa. </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>En la present - tot lo quey fallira </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Vos mantanents - del saber gratios </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Ho corregiu - ab lo qui es dubtos </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Pus yo so prest - e molt volenteros </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>E delitos </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>De pendre be - lo que bondat dira </span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span>Del saber guay - e cert nom desplaura.</span></span></p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;"></span><p></p>Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1217969734972724911.post-89833572328814140132022-11-17T22:15:00.000+01:002022-11-19T23:46:41.125+01:00COBLES, LAHOR E DEFENSIO DE UNA DAMA QUI EXIA DEL BANY<p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: large;">Fol. 253 v.</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">COBLES FETES PER PERE MICHAEL CARBONELL ARCHIVER DEL SENYOR REY EN LAHOR E DEFENSIO DE UNA DAMA QUI <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/06/lxxxiv-reg-1893-fol-54-4-nov-1387.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">EXIA</a> DEL BANY segons es pintada en <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/03/natxo-sorolla-ignacio-sorolla.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">un drap</a> de pinzell ab un galant qui la te abrassada e <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2018/03/francisco-celma-tafalla.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">ab altre que sona orguens</a> e altres escolten acompanyats de una altra dama e ab un gat que sona un <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/10/28-de-febrero.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">lahut</a> davant la taula ques dinaven e ara es <a href="https://viaje-literario-iglesias-espana.blogspot.com/2022/05/carta-9-penitencia-canonica-bendicion-ramos-monumentos-ritos-semana-santa-mujeres-publicas.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">retaula</a> guarnit e comprat en lany mil D e quattre de la nativitat de nostre Senyor. E en loch de jugar lo dit Carbonell a gloria de nostre senyor Deu e de la Sacratissima Verge Maria mare sua ses dispost compondre aquelles ço es en les festes de Nadal del any de la nativitat de nostre Senyor (Mil) cinccents e cinch. (*)</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>(*) Aquestes cobles per esser molt deturpades per la correctio per mi feta he les transcrites en tres lochs: primo en un pergami: secundo en lo primer <u>sistern</u> del libre scrit de <b>ma mia</b> pretitulat <b>Inscriptus Barcinon.</b></span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br />Parla la Dama.</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Vos En Galant - <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/07/associacio-catalanista-matarranya-ascuma-calaceite-teruel.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">vergonya teniu poca</a></span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Abrassant ma - <a href="https://lo-decameron.blogspot.com/2018/12/jornada-tersera-novela-sexta.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">exint del bany hon era</a></span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Nous valran prechs - ni vostra vil manera</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Yo cridare - estant fort com la roca</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Deu serab mi - e la Verge Maria</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Sereu confus - car lo diable us porta</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><a href="https://llengua-valenciana.blogspot.com/2021/04/capitol-4-singular-exercici-virtuts-senyora-verge-maria.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Delit</a> de mi - no pendreu sino morta</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Plegau los sons - e teniu vostra via.</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Respon lo Galant.</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Senyora gran - lexar vos res noy basta</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus ma portat - aci bona ventura</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No permatau - sia feta lesura</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">A mi quius tench - e a quius va de rasta</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Com yo sens vos - no poria molt viure</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aquesta gent - pus son dinats no volen</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Altre delit - sino scoltar e sonen (se lee soneu)</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Dauma la ma - e <a href="https://cachondeotomaset.blogspot.com/" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">vullau un poch riure</a>.</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Parla la Dama.</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tots be mostrau - tenir los ulls de pega</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">No mirau baix - com sona lo diable</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Forma de gat - ha pres ara mirable</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Anau vos ne - car ia la gent applega</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">E no vullau - ma veien axi nua</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car dona so - venint de gran paratge</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aiudar man - Deu e tot mon linatge</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Si nom lexau - vos del cap sereu cua.</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Respon lo Galant.</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Yo be conech - que so digne de pena</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Daver vos fet- - una tal amboscada</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aguaytant vos - exint axi banyada</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus ara veig - que lo diablens mena</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Lexar vos he - e fer me dobservança</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">De Sanct Francesch - per esmenar ma vida</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Apres haure - la gloria complida</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Goig daquest mon - no ha molta durança.</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Parla la Dama.</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Gracias fas - a Deu quim ha tenguda</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Yo resistint - a tal offensa e tanta</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Aiudant ma - aquella verge Santa</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pus lo voler - vostre tot en bes muda</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Araus perdo - aquesta gran vergonya</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>De vos rebut - he yo lassa <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/06/coleccion-documentos-ineditos-archivo-corona-aragon-tomo-ii.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">mesquina</a></span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Anant ab vos - <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2021/04/1-de-junio.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">aqueixa</a> ma <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/09/31-de-enero.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">vahina</a></span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Volent lexar - a mi <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2018/12/javier-giralt-latorre.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">la sua ronya</a>.</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Respon lo Galant.</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Yo no meresch - de vos aconseguesca</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Venia tal - daquest tan gran deshonre</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Car lo peccat - ma deuria confonre</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mas Deu beneyt - qui vol yo no peresca</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Ma convertit - per ço bona Senyora</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Perdo yol prench - de tal dama tan lesta</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Del vostre nom - tots temps fare gran festa</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Pregau per mi - pus sou benefactora.</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tornada.</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Mare de Deu - qu¡ sou nostra pastora</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Feu cancellar - lo proces et <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2017/03/natxo-sorolla-ignacio-sorolla.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">enquesta</a></span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Que fal Satan - de tota nostra gesta</span></p><p style="line-height: 24px; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Com vos siau - de tots gran protectora.</span></span></p>Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1217969734972724911.post-45906058381796557162022-11-17T21:51:00.000+01:002022-11-19T23:46:41.257+01:00COBLES AB TORNADA CONTRA AQUELLS QUI INICAMENT E AB ENVEIA <p><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Memoriale n. 49 fol. 126 v.</span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">COBLES AB TORNADA CONTRA AQUELLS QUI INICAMENT E AB ENVEIA HAN INSTAT E PROCURAT CONTRA LO ARCHIVER FER DITA CONSTITUCIO EN LANY MIL DX. (1510)</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Homens inichs - e plens de males fades </span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Han procurat - ligar molt larchiver </span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Per lo cercar - de no pendre diner </span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Si doncs abans - cerques no son taxades </span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Aquest ligam - es fora de mesura </span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Los damanants - nol volen approbar </span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>E donen mes - dients no per cercar </span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Mas per bon grat - no curants descriptura </span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">C.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Diu un doctor - (1) de lalta Hierarchia </span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Que los treballs - nos han abans tatxar </span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Ans yo primer - som tengut de cercar </span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>E no trobant - mireu com restaria </span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Valguera mes - que daçi fes enquesta </span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>E nos burlas - del qui viu iustament </span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>E serveix Deu - e Rey e molta gent </span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Res no volent - sino cosa molt lesta. </span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>(1) N. del A. <a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/2022/11/sententia-contra-micer-francesch-franch.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Misser tal nol vull anomenar açi</a> per quant <a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/2022/11/sententia-contra-micer-francesch-franch.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">mon fill li es </a></span></span><a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/2022/11/sententia-contra-micer-francesch-franch.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"></a></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span><a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/2022/11/sententia-contra-micer-francesch-franch.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">molt amic</a>. </span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Tornada. </span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Mare de Deu - supplic vos esser presta </span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Pregar per mi - a Deu omnipotent </span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Tant quant viure - yo visca sanctament </span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>E menyspreant - aquest mon quim fa festa. </span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Aquesta altra tornada fiu yo quan fiu solament la primera coble no creent ni fer altra e deya axi. </span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Mare de Deu - conscientia pura </span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Pregau Jesus - vostre fill molt car </span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>En quant fare - lam vulla conservar </span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Tots temps donant - a mi bona ventura. (1) </span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">(1) N. del E. Al fol 74 v. del mencionado códice se encuentra otra copia con las variantes que siguen: el último verso de la segunda copla lo cambia el autor con tenint larchiu - com a cosa molt lesta y en el estribillo (tornada) dice daquest mon la tempesta en vez de aquest mon quim fa festa suprimiendo el otro Mare de Deu etc. Al margen pone esta nota: “Pel cercar han mostrat los que lo han procurat tenir gran enveja e iniquitat. Car no te raho de no dar cascu tant quant li plaura e hajan a fer discus de fer tatxar si bonament se poran concordar. E han pensat fer mal al Archiver e han li fet be car ara donan mes que no faen per no anar ne sperar fer taxar. E per ço com han hagut en aço mala intencio e es damnos a la republica no han volgut los <b>deputats qui vuy son del General de Catalunya</b> entre los quals es don Jordi Sanç preborda de Valencia que lo Archiver ho haja jurar ne oir sentencia de excomunicacio com sia contra tota raho car a cascu es licit pagar e donar ad libitum lo que li plaura."</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Para mayor inteligencia del lector nos ha parecido conveniente continuar aquí la constitución o capítulo de Cortes que dio motivo a Carbonell de componer estos versos, y las notas o advertencia que puso al margen de los mismos, del tenor siguiente:</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><b><a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/07/fernando-ii-catolico-armado-caballero-maria-castejon.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Ferdinandus secundus</a></b> in prima Curia Montissoni celebrata II die septembris <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/05/notas-autografas-que-se-hace-referencia.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">anno MDX</a> pro regestis et salariis <a href="https://pere-miquel-carbonell.blogspot.com/search?q=Archiu" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">Regii Archivi</a>.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Item confirmam la constitutio per nos feta en la tercera cort de Barcelona en lo monastir de frares menors començant. Item statuim e ordenam ab loatio e approbatio de la present Cort que los registres del Protonotari e Secretaris etc. E en aquella <u>anadints</u> statuim e ordenam que lo Protonotari e Secretaris que ara son e per avant seran sien tenguts de posar en lo nostre Archiu Real de Barcelona de deu en deu anys los registres axi Itinerum Diversorum com altres. <br />E que los qui son fets de deu anys atras encontinent sien mesos en lo dit Archiu e que no sia pagat lo dit Protonotari ne li sia dada remuneratio alguna del proces de la present Cort fins que haia dat compliment al ques obligat juxta forma del present capitol. Volem aximateix e statuim que de les copies <b>autenticas</b> ques trauran dels dits registres o Archiu no puixa lo Archiver o altra persona exhigir sino tant solament <b>quatre solidos per fulla</b> de les coses de paper. E de privilegi o cosa <u>de pergami vuyt solidos per fulla</u>. E mes no puga exigir dit Archiver sino per treballs de cercar los quals no pugua rebre sino que li sien <b>tatxats</b> per lo Canceller Vice Canceller o Regent la Cancellaria tot frau cessant en lo cercar de dites scriptures sobre la qual cerca haia jurar e oir sententia de excomunicatio de fer aquella ab tota diligentia segons request ne sera.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;">Tot hom se guart de tot hom.</span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Record com en aquest any comptam MDXIIII divendres a XV de deembre <b>los Deputats del General de Catalunya</b> a instancia de alguns homens inics e enveioses volgueren yo Pere Miquel Carbonell juras e ois sententia de excomunicatio segons vol e requer la dita constitutio e jo fuy content e presti e juri lo dit dia e any en poder de misser... Pla canonge de Barcelona e official del senyor Bisbe dient que jol prestava e la ohia de tenir e servar dita constitucio com havia acostumat per gratia de Deu molt be fins açi. E que tant men servara e he servat sens dit jurament com ara ab dit jurament e auditio de sententia de excomunicatio si be yo no hi so tengut pus lo Rey e la terra nom paguen de mon salari sino a trossos. E vuy me son <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/06/cxvi-reg-4879-fol-22-30-jun-1599.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">deguts</a> de mon salari o quitatio mes de CCCCL ducats...</span></span></span></p><p style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-size: medium;"><span face="Verdana, sans-serif"><span>Nota. De la <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/04/braulio-foz-fornoles-matarrana-teruel.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">enveia</a> e mal parlar de un doctor lo nom del qual vull callar per bons respectes pretenent que la dita constitutio es ben posada en <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2021/09/considerants-benavenir-utilitat-viles-castells.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">utilitat</a> de la <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2021/03/1-2-de-octubre-1461.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">republica</a> faent hi moltes <a href="https://chapurriau.blogspot.com/2019/07/associacio-catalanista-matarranya-ascuma-calaceite-teruel.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">ineptes e incivils</a> rahons. Al qual li es stat satisfet que no es axi de mi que no so jutge ne dar sententies ne he jurat ne oit sententia de excomunicatio com altres de la Rota que son be e grassament pagats de llurs salaris per <b>lo General de Catalunya</b> e perque no te raho maxime del cercar no han volgut los deputats yo la haia jurada ne oir sententia de excomunicatio. Ad quid perditio haec. Car ja los damanants scriptures del Archiu sin volran usar ne <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2019/06/tomo-i-texto-vi-bayle-general-daragon-berenguer-bardaxi.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">poran</a> usar ellas no volents quin dan sen pot reportar car en aço que nos pot redundar en dan daltre com seria en lo dar de les sentencies si los jutges de Rota eren <a href="https://historia-aragon.blogspot.com/2020/09/8-de-febrero.html" rel="nofollow" target="_blank">soldejats</a> e per ço han fet mal de prohibir al Archiver de no <b>pendre</b>lo que mes avant li vol...</span></span></span></p>Ramón Guimerá Lorentehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00535648385336234321noreply@blogger.com